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【英语】英语中考英语阅读理解专题1

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）

1．根据短文内容，回答下列问题。

“Who needs a shopping mall（购物中心）if you have Taobao?" says Wang Lin, 28, a writer in Beijing.

Taobao, China's largest online shopping site（网上购物网站）, has become an important part of Wang Lin's life. She spends lots of money on Taobao.

A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping. Most online shoppers are students or young workers. More women shop online than men; Clothing and home-use products are the most popular on line.

It was reported that more than 250 billion （十亿） yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao.

Taobao means "looking for treasure" in Chinese. People can find almost everything they need on Taobao, from clothes to books, from candies to DVD players.

You may question the security of online shopping, Wang Lin said, "It's very safe and convenient. Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them, the shop owner will not get t he money. You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.”

（1）What is Taobao?

（2）Who are the most online shoppers?

（3）Do more men shop on line than women?

（4）What can you do if you want to return the products?

（5）How much did people spend on line shopping through Taobao last year?

【答案】（1）It's China largest online shopping site.

（2）They are students or young workers.

（3）No, they don't.

（4）I/We can get my/our money back.

（5）More than 200 million yuan.

【解析】【分析】这篇短文中主要介绍了淘宝网越来越受人们的欢迎。人们几乎可以在网上购买到他们所有需要的物品。而且网上购物，不满意可以退货。

（1）细节理解。根据第二段 Taobao, China's largest online shopping site（网上购物网站），has become an important part of Wang Lin's life. 可知答案是：It's China largest online shopping site.

（2）细节理解。根据第三段Most online shoppers are students or young workers.可知答案是：They are students or young workers.

（3）细节理解。根据第三段More women shop online than men;可知答案是：No, they don't.（4）细节理解。根据最后一句You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.可知答案是：I can get mymoney back.或者We can get our money back。

（5）细节理解。根据第四段It was reported that more than 250 billion （十亿）yuan was spent on online shopping last year, 80% through Taobao可知答案是：More than 200 million yuan.

【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。

2．阅读理解

My family has had a great influence on me. When I was a kid, I learnt how to work from my family. My mum would never let me get away when there was something to be done. I learnt the importance of education. My parents would give me 50 dollars if I got As in school. They taught me how to use and save money. My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basically everything I needed to know to live on my own. My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement, how to treat women and girls with respect, and how to put other people's needs above my own. My brothers and sisters taught me how to make a decision in conflict（矛盾）. I'm 22now, and I'll get married next year. I learn things from my parents' marriage by examples. For example, I've never seen my parents really fight. They had disagreements, but they were always in control and never let anger get the best of them. I think that's great, and I'm going to work towards that in my marriage.

I have a great family. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it a great family.

（1）Who taught the writer to do some housework?

A. The mother.

B. The father.

C. The sisters.

D. The brothers.（2）When will the writer have a new family?

A. At the age of 22.

B. At the age of 24.

C. At the age of 23.

D. At the age of 21.（3）Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The writer's family influence the writer a lot.

B. The writer learns to save money.

C. The writer is a girl in the family.

D. The writer's parents never fight with each other.

（4）How will the writer's new family be according to the passage?

A. It will be a large family.

B. It will be a great family.

C. The family members will be different.

D. The family members will never get angry.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者的家庭对作者有很大的影响。

（1）推理题。根据My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basically everything I needed to know to live on my own.我妈妈教我如何做饭，如何打扫卫生，以及基本上我需要知道的独立生活所需的一切可知，作者的妈妈教他做家务，故选A。（2）推理题。根据I'm 22now, and I'll get married next year可知，作者23岁时会有一个新家庭，故选C。

（3）推理题。根据My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement, how to treat women and girls with respect,我爸爸教我如何园艺，如何改善家庭，如何尊重妇女和女孩可知作者是男孩，作者是家里的一个女孩是错的，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据I have a great family. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it a great family.我有一个大家庭。我很感激我的父母选择让它成为一个伟大的家庭可知，作者的新家庭会是一个伟大的家庭故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

3．阅读理解

Wang Yan, a 15-year-old Chinese girl, likes eating snacks very much. She prefers cream biscuits, McDonald's hamburgers and KFC chicken. As a result, she has become overweight.

Today in China, there are many children like Wang Yan. Health experts say children should have healthy eating habits. First, they must eat regular meals and begin with a healthy breakfast. Second, they should have different kinds of foods such as fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat. Third, children shouldn't eat too much junk food. It is delicious, but eating it often is bad for their health. If children do as the experts say, they won't become overweight. They will be healthier. Students won't become tired at school, and they will have enough energy to study hard.（1）Why has Wang Yan become overweight?

A. Because she doesn't like sports.

B. Because she likes eating vegetables.

C. Because she likes eating snacks.

D. Because she likes eating fruit.

（2）How many pieces of advice do the health experts give in this passage?

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

D. Five.

（3）What kinds of food are good for our health according to the passage?

A. Milk, fruit and KFC chicken.

B. Cream biscuits, McDonald's hamburgers and KFC chicken.

C. Packages of biscuits.

D. Fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat.

（4）If we do as the experts say, we will be .

A. overweight

B. healthier

C. tired at school

D. confident

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】中国女孩王艳非常喜欢吃小吃，她更喜欢奶油饼干、麦当劳食品、肯德基鸡肉，结果她变的超重。健康专家建议孩子们应该有健康的饮食习惯，并提出了三点建议。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段She prefers cream biscuits,McDonald's hamburgers and KFC chicken. 可知，王艳变胖的原因是她吃了很多零食、汉堡和炸鸡。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段First…… Second ……Third…… 可知，专家给了三条建议：1．一日三餐有规律并且吃健康的早餐，2．吃各种各样的食物，3．不吃太多的垃圾食品。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据they should have different kinds of foods such as fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk and meat. 可知，水果、蔬菜、粮食、鸡蛋、牛奶和肉但是健康食品。故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据 If children do as the experts say, they won't become overweight. They will be healthier，可知，听专家的话我们就会更健康。故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意仔细阅读，从文中寻找答案，推理判断题需要根据短文内容介绍，并联系上下文，推出需要的信息。

4．阅读理解

Dear friend, do you know the boy in the picture? He is Wang Yuan, a member of the Chinese boy band, TFBOYS. Do you want to know more about him? Follow me, please.

Wang Yuan was born November 8th, 2000 in Chongqing. His English name is Roy. He is good at

singing, dancing and playing the piano. He can also write songs alone. He and two other boys formed the boy band TFBOYS in 2013. They are very popular with the young girls and boys in China now.

In January, 2017,Wang Yuan made a speech on good quality education （优质教育）in English at the United Nations in front of 500 people from, around the world. It's great. As for middle school students, we should learn from Wang Yuan, and put our hearts into what we are doing to make a difference in our daily lives.

（1）Wang Yuan was born ______________.

A. on November 18th, 2013

B. on November 18th, 2001

C. on November 8th, 2000

D. on November 8th, 2013

（2）Wang Yuan's English name is ______________.

A. Jay

B. Roy

C. Lay

D. Kay

（3）Wang Yuan is a talented boy, he can ______________, sing and play the piano.

A. play the drums

B. drive

C. paint

D. dance

（4）Wang Yuan made a speech in ______________ in 2017.

A. Chongqing

B. Beijing

C. Shanghai

D. the United Nations

（5）What can you learn from the passage?

A. Working hard can make a difference.

B. Being a star can make a lot of money.

C. Wang Yuan sings well but can't write songs.

D. Four people are in the band.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）D

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了TFBOYS组合中的王源。

（1）细节题。根据Wang Yuan was born November 8th, 2000 in Chongqing.可知王源出生在2000年11月8日，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据His English name is Roy.可知英语名字是Roy，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据He is good at singing, dancing and playing the piano.可知他擅长唱歌、跳舞和弹钢琴，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据In January, 2017,Wang Yuan made a speech on good quality education （优质教育） in English at the United Nations in front of 500 people from, around the world.可知他在2017年在联合国家演讲，故选D。

（5）细节题。根据we should learn from Wang Yuan, and put our hearts into what we are doing to make a difference in our daily lives.可知我们应该向王源学习，全心全意投入我们正在做的事情，并且在我们的日常生活中起作用，即努力工作会产生作用，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

5．阅读理解

Want to enjoy some extreme sports（极限运动）? Here are a small number of the extreme sport clubs across universities in the UK.

Octopush（水中曲棍球）

Oxford, York. Aberdeen and Warwick are only some of the

universities that offer this rather unusual sport. Anyone who is

able to swim can play. It is played by two teams of six players.

Everyone wears a mask and carries a small wooden stick.

Skiing and snowboarding

Nearly every university in the UK has a skiing and snowboarding

club. For example, Brumski 8. Board Club of Birmingham

University has run for 30 years and has about 500 members.

They hold Christmas and Easter ski trips every year and take

part in competitions.

Skateboarding

Warwick University is home to the Longboarding Club. A

longboard is two or three feet longer than a usual skateboard

and has a wider wheel base. Instead of offering club T-shirts, the

Longboarding Club lets members have their personal socks.

BASE jumping

The University of Lincoln offers BASE jumping. In BASE jumping,

players jump from fixed objects and use a parachute（降落

伞）to break their fall. They go on weekly trips to Skydive

Hibaldstow.

_________________.

A. ski

B. swim

C. skate

D. skydive

（2）How many members are there in Brumski &. Board Club?

A. About 30.

B. About 300.

C. About 50.

D. About 500.（3）A usual skateboard is _________________than a longboard.

A. shorter

B. longer

C. wider

D. bigger

（4）Which university offers BASE jumping?

A. Oxford.

B. York.

C. Lincoln.

D. Warwick.

（5）According to the passage, which of the following is the most common sport in UK universities?

A. Octopush.

B. Snowboarding.

C. Skateboarding.

D. BASE jumping.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国各大学的少数极限运动俱乐部。

（1）细节题。根据水中曲棍球的介绍 Anyone who is able to swim can play可知如果一个学生想参加水中曲棍球，他或她应该会游泳，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 Brumski 8. Board Club of Birmingham University has run for 30 years and has about 500 members 布鲁姆斯基8和伯明翰大学董事会俱乐部已经运作了30年，可知大约有500名成员，故选D。

（3）推理题。根据 A longboard is two or three feet longer than a usual skateboard 长板比普通滑板长两到三英尺可知普通的滑板比长板短，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据The University of Lincoln offers BASE jumping 可知Lincoln 提供基础跳跃，故选C。

（5）推理题。根据They hold Christmas and Easter ski trips every year and take part in competitions他们每年都举行圣诞节和复活节滑雪旅行，并参加比赛可知滑雪板运动是英国大学最常见的运动，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

6．阅读理解

Cross- country skier Man Dandan won the women's 1.4 km individual sprint here on Monday, earning China's first gold at the eighth Asian Winter Games in 2017.

"I was in good form today," said the 28 year-old girl after winning the title in the final round with 3 minutes and 48. 29 seconds. "I didn't think much, but just focused on the games. As an old member, I want to set a good example to my younger teammates by doing my best no matter what the result is."

Mikko Olavi Virtanen, the head coach of the Chinese cross-country skiing team, said after the game he was satisfied with Man Dandan's performance. "She is a super talented sprint skier. Her biggest problem before was to maintain the speed for four rounds of the competition. We have been working on that for the past seven months. I have been giving her advice, such as how to save the energy till the final round," he said, adding that Man is a good learner.

He also said that the Chinese cross-country skiing team had a huge potential. "We have quite a young team. We still have five more years to Beijing Winter Olympics. I hope we can continue this good work for a long term," he said.

Yelena Kolomina from Kazakhstan took the sliver and Ju Hyeri from South Korea got the bronze. Australia's Casey Wright finished the third in the final round but did not get a medal as a guest athlete.

（1）How long did it take Man Dandan to finish the sking?

A. 2 minutes and 11.31 seconds.

B. 3 minutes and 48. 29 seconds.

C. 8 minutes and 29 seconds.

D. 48 minutes and 29 seconds.

（2）What did the coach think of Man's performance?

A. Exciting.

B. Terrible.

C. Satisfying.

D. Bad.

（3）What was Man Dandan's biggest problem?

A. Maintaining the speed.

B. Saving enough energy.

C. Keeping a good form.

D. Going to the final round.

（4）When will the Beiing Winter Olympics be held?

A. In 2018.

B. In 2019.

C. In 2020.

D. In 2022.

（5）What was Ju Hyeri's rank in the competition?

A. First.

B. Second.

C. Third.

D. Fourth.

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了星期一，越野滑雪运动员满丹丹赢得了女子1.4公里个人短跑冠军，在2017的第八届亚洲冬季运动会上赢得了中国的第一枚金牌。

（1）细节题。根据"I was in good form today," said the 28 year-old girl after winning the title in the final round with 3 minutes and 48. 29 seconds.可知用时是3分钟48.29秒，故选B。（2）细节题。根据Mikko Olavi Virtanen, the head coach of the Chinese cross-country skiing team, said after the game he was satisfied with Man Dandan's performance.可知教练对丹丹的表演感到满意，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Her biggest problem before was to maintain the speed for four rounds of the competition.可知她以前最大的问题是保持四轮比赛的速度。故选A。

（4）细节题。根据Cross- country skier Man Dandan won the women's 1.4 km individual sprint here on Monday, earning China's first gold at the eighth Asian Winter Games in 2017. We still have five more years to Beijing Winter Olympics.可知2017年再过5年是2022年，故选D。

（5）细节题。根据Ju Hyeri from South Korea got the bronze.可知Ju Hyeri得到了一个铜奖，即第三名，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

7．阅读理解

The phenomenon （现象） of a bike rider getting hit by an opening car door is so common that it has its own term: dooring.

According to a study in Chicago, as many as 1 in 5 bike accidents are caused by car doors—in total, there is nearly one dooring each day in the Windy City （Chicago）.

Even when the bike riders try to turn to the other direction to escape from the opening doors, they can end up getting hit by cars.

Then how can we reduce such kind of accidents? Is there any practical way to solve that problem? Yes. It's the Dutch Reach, which has been popular on the Internet recently. The Dutch Reach is a practice where instead of using your near hand—usually the driver's left hand—to open your car door, you use your far hand—your right hand.

By doing that, you will turn your body around. And you turn your head and shoulders back, so you are looking directly out. First, pass the rearview mirror. And then, you are very easily able to look back and see if there are coming bicycles or cars or anything else. The simplicity of the approach is part of its intelligence.

（1）What is dooring?

A. The opening of the car door.

B. The accidents caused by opening the car door.

C. That bike riders are hit by opening car doors.

D. The accidents that happened in the Windy City.

（2）__________ of bike accidents are caused by dooring according to the study.

A. 1%

B. 5%

C. 20%

D. 25%

（3）Which hand do you use to open the door in the Dutch Reach?

A. The left hand if I am the driver.

B. The right hand if I am the driver.

C. The right hand if I sit at the back.

D. The right hand if I sit next to the driver.

（4）What does the underlined phrase "rearview mirror" mean in Chinese?

A. 门把手

B. 雨刮器

C. 后视镜

D. 挡风玻璃【答案】（1）C

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：骑自行的人被打开的车门撞到是很普遍的现象，怎样避免这种状况的发生呢？

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The phenomenon （现象） of a bike rider getting hit by an opening car door is so common that it has its own term: dooring.理解可知，dooring就是骑自行车的人被汽车车门撞倒了，故选C。

（2）理解计算题。根据文中的语句According to a study in Chicago, as many as 1 in 5 bike accidents are caused by car doors—in total, there is nearly one dooring each day in the Windy City （Chicago）.理解可知，根据芝加哥的一项研究，多达五分之一的自行车事故是由车门引起的，也就是20%，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The Dutch Reach is a practice where instead of using your near hand—usually the driver's left hand—to open your car door, you use your far hand—your right hand.理解可知，在这种练习中，司机要用右手而不是左手去开门，故选B。

（4）词义推测题。根据文中的语句 First, pass the rearview mirror. And then, you are very easily able to look back and see if there are coming bicycles or cars or anything else. 理解可知，rearview mirror是后视镜的意思，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题及推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

8．阅读理解

Hover Camera

Wang Mengqiu, the inventor of Hover Camera, was born in Hangzhou in 1982. He once studied at Stanford University in the United States. He became famous overnight （一夜成名）because of the invention.

Forget selfie sticks（自拍杆）! Compared with other cameras, Hover Camera has many advantages.

*It can fly and stay in midair, track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture.

*It can be controlled by using a smartphone.

*It records movements with a 13MP camera and takes 4K video.

*It is the best choice for weddings, sports games and holidays.

Mr. Wang also said, "The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. It's .very light and small. It can be folded（折叠） in two, so it can be easily put into a bag. When the power is low, it can land on the ground safely on its own. "

It's reported that the company has raised $ 25 million to produce it. Hover Camera can be bought now. The price is $ 599.

（1）Hover Camera can.

A. swim in the water

B. fly in midair

C. change its weight

D. be used as a phone （2）The underlined word "track" means "___________".

A. pull

B. follow

C. push

D. show

（3）According to the passage, why is Hover Camera easy and safe to take?

A. Because it's light and small.

B. Because it can be folded in three.

C. Because it doesn't need power.

D. Because only a smartphone can make it land.

（4）Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. How can we control Hover Camera?

B. When can we buy Hover Camera?

C. How much is Hover Camera?

D. How popular will Hover Camera be?

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一种可以飞到半空中并悬浮在那的相机。

（1）细节题。根据文中列举的好处中的第一条 It can fly and stay in mid-air，可知它可以飞到半空中并悬浮在那，故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据文中列举的好处中的第一条track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture，追随着你的脸，甚至会跟随你，以确保它得到了完美的照片，故可知track词义与follow相近，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据倒数第三段Mr. Wang also said，"The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. It's very light and small．王先生说："这个主要的考虑是使用者携带它的时候很容易也很安全，很轻而且小巧，故选A。

（4）细节题。A选项：根据文中列举的好处中的第二条It can be controlled by using a smartphone，它能被智能手机所控制，故排除A．B选项：根据倒数第二段Hover Camera can be bought later this year它可以在年底购买，故排除B,C选项：根据倒数第一段But a spokesman says the company hopes to sell it for less than $600，可知价格也有被提到，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

9．阅读理解

A few days ago, I ran into a stranger as he passed by. I said sorry to him. And we were very polite. Then we went on our way after saying goodbye.

Later in the kitchen at home, as I cooked our meal, my daughter Betty walked up to me. When I turned around, I nearly knocked her down. "Get out of the way!" I shouted angrily. She ran away, crying.

That night, when I lay in bed, my husband said to me, "You were so rude to Betty. Go and look around on the kitchen floor, and you'll find some flowers there. Betty brought those for you. She picked them herself—pink, yellow, and your favorite blue."

When I heard this, I thought deeply, "While meeting with a stranger, I was calm and polite, but with my daughter, I was not patient." I felt sad and tears began to fall.

I quietly went to Betty's bed, "Wake up, my dear!" I said. "Are these the flowers you picked for

me?" She smiled, "I found them by the tree. I know you like them, especially the blue ones." I said, "I am so sorry that I treated you that way today." And she whispered （悄声说）, "Mommy, that's okay. I still love you anyway." I kissed her and said, "I love you, too and 1 do love the flowers."

That day Betty gave me a lesson on how to get along with each other in the family. I spent much time on work and didn't realize how important family life was. I decided to do better in the future.

（1）What did the writer do when she ran into a man?

A. She got mad at him.

B. She didn't say sorry to him.

C. She said sorry to him politely.

D. She left without saying anything.

（2）Why did the writer feel sorry for what she had done?

A. Because her husband didn't love her.

B. Because her daughter brought her some flowers.

C. Because she used to be friendly to others.

D. Because she spent less time on her family life.

（3）According to the passage, which do you think is I he best title?

A. How to get along with a stranger

B. I love my daughter

C. My daughter gave me a good lesson

D. How to be a polite person

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了发生在自己和女儿之间的一个故事，通过这个故事，让作者决定在将来要更好地对待他人。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句A few days ago, I ran into a stranger as he passed by. I said sorry to him. And we were very polite. 几天前，当陌生人走过的时候，我撞到了他，我对他说了对不起，我们非常有礼貌，可知当作者撞到一个陌生人有礼貌地道歉，故选C。（2）推理判断题。阅读第三段可知：可知作者的丈夫告诉她，玛丽为她采了一些花．第四段作者开始对发生的事进行反思，并向女儿道歉，第五段作者下决心要多花点时间与家人相处，I spent much time on work before and didn't realize how important family life was. 可知作者对她所做的事感到难过，因为她花在家庭生活上的时间很少，故选D。

（3）主旨归纳题。文章主要讲作者对陌生人很有礼貌，而对自己的女儿态度非常糟糕，缺乏耐心。而女儿看到漂亮的花时，依然摘来送给她，孩子的一些话深深触动作者的心灵，决定未来要多花些时间陪伴家人，会做得更好。由此可以推断出文章标题：女儿给了我一个很好的教训。故选C。

【点评】查阅读理解。本题主要考查了细节理解题，归纳题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。

10．阅读理解

School is a good place for us to study. Yet sometimes, it's easy for us to have accidents there. Experts suggest that right safety training could avoid 80% of these accidents. Here are parts of safety rules in some countries.

In China, fire training at school is common to teach students to deal with emergencies （紧急情况）. During the training，students hurry to the playground with a wet cloth covering their mouth. Fire training is held each term.

In Japan, public elementary schools hold earthquake training once a month. They teach students how to escape during an earthquake without pushing.

Most US school buildings have fire escapes on each floor. A fire escape has platforms（露台） with ladders（梯子）.

In many middle schools in the UK, students can choose to take a bicycle course. There, they learn how to ride to school safely.

A. it is easy

B. it could avoid most of these accidents

C. it is interesting

D. it is accepted by the teachers

（2）If there is a fire, Chinese students should go to the playground hurriedly _______. A. with a wet cloth covering their mouth B. by using ladders

C. by bike

D. by pushing each other

（3）This passage mainly talks about _______.

A. how to escape from earthquakes

B. how to put out the fire

C. some school safety rules in some countries

D. a bicycle course

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：校园是学习的地方，也是事故高发地，短文介绍了几个国家有关学校的安全规则。

（1）细节理解题，根据Experts suggest that right safety training could avoid 80% of these accidents.可知接受正确的安全训练，可以避免大部分的事故。故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据fire training at school is common to teach students to deal with emergencies （紧急情况）. During the training，students hurry to the playground with a wet cloth covering their mouth. Fire training is held each term.可知，在中国，火灾发生的时候，学生应该用湿毛巾捂住嘴迅速跑到操场，故答案是A。

（3）主旨大意题，根据文章内容可知，短文主要介绍了介个国家的学校安全规则，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和主旨大意题，细节理解题一般可直接从文中找到答案，主旨大意题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章的中心，选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

Some people bring out the best in you in a way that you might never have fully realized on your own. My mother was one of those people.

My father died when I was one year-old. While I was growing up, we led a very hard life, but my mom gave me a lot of love. Bach night, she seated me on her lap and, spoke the words that would change my life," Kemmons, you are sure to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it."

At fourteen, I was hit by a car and the doctors said that I would never walk again. Every might my mother spoke to me in her gentle, loving voice, telling me whatever those doctors said, I could walk again if I wanted to. She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her. A year later, I walked on my own to school!

When the Great Depression broke out, my mother lost her job. Then I left school to support the two of us. At that moment I decided never to be poor again.

Over the years, I experienced a lot of business success. But the real turning point happened on a vacation I took with my wife and five kids in 1951. I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was very angry, that they charged an extra $2 for each child. That was too expensive for an ordinary American family. I told my wife that I was going to open a motel （汽车旅馆） for families that would never charge extra money for children. Many people did not believe me at that time.

Not surprisingly, mom was my strongest supporter. As in any business, I experienced a lot of difficulties. But with my mom's words in my heart, I never doubted I would succeed. Fifteen years later, I had the largest hotel system in the world- Holiday Inn. In 1979 my company had 1,759 inns in more than fifty countries with an income of $I billion a year.

You may not have started out life in the best situations. But if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you.

（1）What Kemmons's mom often told him during his childhood was .

A. boring

B. tiring

C. encouraging

D. interesting

（2）What caused Kemmons to start a motel by himself?

A. His mom's support.

B. His wife's suggestion.

C. The poor condition of his family.

D. His terrible experience in the hotel.

（3）Which of the following best describes Kemmons's mother?

A. Serious and hard- working.

B. Loving and supportive.

C. Strict and humorous.

D. Careful and strong-willed.

（4）What led to Kemmons's success according to the passage? Why?（请用约40词回答）. 【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）His mom's encouragement, clear goals, self-confidence and hard work. Because his mom's encouragement made him believe in himself. And if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you.

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了作者的母亲是如何对自己进行教导和鼓励的。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"Kemmons, you are sure to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it."Kemmons，你一定会成为一个伟大的人，如果你努力工作，你可以做到任何事情，可知妈妈的话是鼓舞人的，encouraging鼓舞人的，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第五段I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was very angry, that they charged an extra $2 for each child.I told my wife that I was going to open a motel for families that would never charge extra money for children，我对家庭可住的二级旅馆不满意，而且很生气，因为一个孩子多收两美元，我告诉我妻子，我要开一家不给孩子额外收费的家庭住的汽车旅馆，可知是由于在旅馆的糟糕的经历导致他决定自己开汽车旅馆，故选D。

（3）推理判断题。通过通读全文可知作者的妈妈是深爱孩子的，并且根据第六段mom was my strongest supporter，妈妈是我最强大的支持者，可知作者的妈妈一直都在鼓励、支持他，故选B。

（4）综合分析题。通过通读全文可知作者讲述了妈妈的鼓励对自己成功的影响；根据文章第四段At that moment I decided never to be poor again，在那时我就决定绝不要再贫穷了，可知他是有明确目标的人；最后一句话But if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you，可知作者的成功也有自己的自信和努力；原因是第六段But with my mom's words in my heart, I never doubted I would succeed但我心里有妈妈的话，我从不怀疑我会成功，和第七段But if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you但如果你在生活中找到了一个值得为之工作的任务，并相信自己，没有什么能阻止你，故答案为His mom's encouragement, clear goals, self-confidence and hard work. Because his mom's encouragement made him believe in himself. And if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you.

【点评】考查阅读理解，注意理解文章大意，读懂题目，去文章寻找关键词。

12．阅读理解

Stonehenge means "hanging stones". They stood in a circle, with 30 more stones lying on top to form a ring of rocks. There was also an inner circle built with similar stones. The stones set up in a trilithon（巨石牌坊） pattern.

A trilithon is made of two stone pillars with a stab of rock laid across the top. The stones weigh up to 20 tons each. People wonder how the huge rocks were placed that way.

Historians agree that Stonehenge was built in three different stages. The first stage took place about 5, 000 years ago. At that time, a large circular earth wall was made. Historians believe the wall was dug and cut with tools made form anglers（鹿角）of red deer. The earth wall was about 98m in diameter（直径） a 5-meter-tall stone was placed near the center. Then, they had to transport the large blue stones （up to 4 tons） 384 kilometers to Stonehenge. Experts think they might be moved across ice and snow. The ground in winter in this area is usually full of ice and snow, making it easier to move the rocks. The next task was to stand the stones up. The most difficult task was putting the top stones in place. Each one of these tasks took a lot of planning

and a lot of strength, but the workers of Stonehenge were excellent builders.

Why was the monument built? Some scientists think it's a burial ground. There are over 400 graves （burial sits） nearby. A man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold

ever found in Britain （dated to 2470 BC）. Others think Stonehenge was built by early astronomers. Scientists believe that when a person stands in the center of the monument, the changing of seasons can be seen. Certain stones mark the location of the rising and setting moon

in midwinter. Other stones mark the rising and setting sun in midsummer. The ancient people

held religious ceremonies on these days. These ceremonies probably asked the gods to bring

good weather for crops and to protect the people from bad weather.

Stonehenge is an engineering success. Thousands of years later, it still stands. As a calendar, Stonehenge is very accurate. It shows that early people had a deep understanding of the movements to the sun and the moon. They didn't have machines or computers, but Stonehenge shows people could do many things using only their muscles and their brains.

（1）he first building stage of Stonehenge was ________.

A. to dig and cut the earth wall

B. to move the blue stones across the ice

C. to stand the stones up

D. to put the top stones in place

（2）Which evidence（证据） is given to support the idea that Stonehenge was a burial ground?

A. Stonehenge was made of stones.

B. It is a place for celebrating ceremonies.

C. The passing of seasons can be seen there.

D. Two gold earrings were found in a grave.

（3）The underlined word "accurate" in the last paragraph probably means "________".

A. correct

B. strange

C. huge

D. heavy

（4）Stonehenge was probably NOT originally built for ________.

A. tourists

B. religious reasons

C. a burial ground

D. telling the seasons

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了巨石阵的形状，发展以及历史意义。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句The first stage took place about 5, 000 years ago. At that time, a large circular earth wall was made. Historians believe the wall was dug and cut with tools made form anglers（鹿角） of red deer. 提示可知，巨石阵的第一个阶段是造图墙，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句Some scientists think it's a burial ground. There are over 400 graves （burial sits） nearby. A man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold

ever found in Britain提示可知，有人认为这是一个墓地。附近有400多座坟墓。一名男子

被埋时带着两个金耳环，这是英国有史以来发现的最古老的黄金。故选D。

（3）词义理解推测题。根据文中语句As a calendar, Stonehenge is very accurate.提示可知，

accurate的含义是正确的，故选A。

（4）理解归纳题。通读全文语句可知，建立巨石阵的原因有宗教，历法以及墓地等方面的原因，但是与旅游没有很多的联系，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

13．阅读理解

The other day, I got into a car accident, which was clearly not my fault. The other driver was so busy on his phone that he went right through a red light and hit my car.

A traffic policeman arrived and started taking statements. I explained that my speed was about

55 km/h. "So you were going about 50 km/h, my lady?" he asked. "No, I said I was going about 55 km,/h," I said. "Right, so you were driving at a speed of about 50 km/h?" he asked again.

I was a little annoyed because I felt he wasn't listening to me carefully. So I shouted, "No! I was going about 55 km/h."

"OK, if that's the way you want it," the officer simply replied. Because the city speed limit is 50 km/h, I only got paid from my insurance （保险） company for the damage to my car, but the other driver's insurance company couldn't pay me due to my speed. I didn't realize it at the time, but it turned out I was getting him wrong.

He didn't mention the 5 km/h, but he certainly knew something about the rules of the insurance. Suddenly, I realized that the traffic policeman had been trying to help me out.

（1）The best expression to explain the main idea of the passage is.

A. the more slowly, the better

B. a careless woman driver

C. a traffic policeman tried to offer help

D. no lies to anybody else

（2）What happened to the writer that day?

A. She went right through a red light.

B. A traffic policeman came near to stop her.

C. She made a call while she was driving.

D. Her car was hit by another car.

（3）Why couldn't the other driver's insurance company pay the writer?

A. Because the traffic policeman had recorded the wrong speed

B. Because she drove the car over the speed limit.

C. Because the other driver didn't admit to the car accident.

D. Because the accident was the writer's fault.

（4）Although it was her choice to insist on telling the truth, the writer ______.

A. understood that it was impolite to be angry with others

B. would not believe anybody else except herself

C. remembered the exact rules of insurance for ever

D. should say "thank you" to the traffic policeman instead of acting rudely

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：讲述了“我”曾经发生的一起交通事故，事故中由于“我”超速没有得到全额赔偿，我后悔当时没有理解交警的用意并且对他有些粗鲁。

（1）主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“Suddenly, I realized that the traffic policeman had been trying to help me out.”可知，我意识到交警是在试图帮助我，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The other driver was so busy on his phone that he went right through a red light and hit my car.”可知，作者的车被另一辆车撞了，故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句“Because the city speed limit is 50 km/h... but the other driver's insurance company couldn’t pay me due to my speed.”以及上文“I explained that my speed was about 55 km/h.”可知，因为作者超速，另一个司机的保险公司没有赔付，故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据文中语句“...but it turned out I was getting him wrong.”并联系上文推理可知，保险的赔付让作者明白自己错怪了交警，应对他表示感谢，而不是之前的粗鲁行为，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

Anna was excited about starting her first day in the new school. However, when she first walked past the students in the school, her excitement turned to fear, and then to loneliness（孤独） over the next few days. "Why didn't anyone say 'hi' to me or invite me to his or her lunch table? Is it because of my clothes or my hair?" she wondered. Almost every day during the first week, Anna stayed alone, thinking that there must have been something wrong with her or that nobody saw her at all!

What caused Anna's problem? The reason was that nobody knew her. Most people don't like talking with strangers. So it's your job to volunteer to make contact with people who you want to know. The easiest way to catch their attention is to notice them first. Make eye contact with them, and smile at them. When you smile at them, you are doing your best to show your kindness to them, and they are sure to understand that you are saying, "Hey, how's everything going?" In this way, you are taking the first step towards the road to friendship.

When Anna realized this, she started talking to her classmates. Guess what happened? It really worked. She had made two friends by the end of the month.

In fact, saying "hi" or making friends with strangers is not hard. And the joy it brings you is really great. So try to open your heart to strangers!

（1）Which of the following shows the change in Anna's feelings?

A. excited→afraid→lonely→happy

B. happy→lonely→sad→proud

C. afraid→relaxed→nervous→happy

D. nervous→angry→happy→sad

（2）The underlined word "contact" in Paragraph 2 means .

A. agree

B. greet

C. praise

D. communicate

（3）According to the writer's opinion, which is the easiest way to catch others' attention?

A. Doing something for them.

B. Making yourself cool.

C. Noticing them first.

D. Talking to them.

（4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. Loneliness is a common problem these days.

B. Teenagers can't get along well with each other.

C. Opening our heart to strangers can help us get friends.

D. It's hard to take the first step towards the road to friendship.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：实例告诉我们在新环境下，怎样改变我们的孤独感。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Anna was excited about starting her first day in the new school. However, when she first walked past the students in the school, her excitement turned to fear, and then to loneliness（孤独） over the next few days.以及When Anna realized this, she started talking to her classmates. Guess what happened? It really worked. She had made two friends by the end of the month.可知，Anna的心情变化是激动，担心，孤独与开心，故选A。

（2）词义推断题。根据文中的语句So it's your job to volunteer to make contact with people who you want to know. 可知，contact的含义是联系，故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The easiest way to catch their attention is to notice them first. 理解可知，最容易引起他们注意的方法是先注意他们。故选C。

（4）理解归纳题。根据文中的语句In fact, saying "hi" or making friends with strangers is not hard. And the joy it brings you is really great. So try to open your heart to strangers!理解可知，敞开心扉，面对陌生人，可以让我们成为好朋友，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

15．阅读理解

Lots of people are afraid of speaking in public. According to a study, there are 3 of every 4 people having such a problem. The conclusion is a bit surprising and worrying, as most jobs require some speaking ability. The following will help you to make a speech better.

Write note cards. Write main ideas on your cards. You needn't write details. Just put in some

fun facts, questions, and other activities on the cards to share with the class. You needn't look at your cards for a long time while speaking. Only have a quick look at the card for information instead of reading every last word if necessary.

Smile at your class. When it's time to speak, a good old-fashioned smile is the best to draw your class into your speech. Be happy, because you're about to teach your class something they don't know before. Studies have shown that smiles are infectious. That means once you smile, it's hard for everyone else not to smile. So if you want your speech to go off well, smile. That will make everyone smile and maybe those smiles will make you actually smile.

Make eyes contact. It's so boring to listen to a speaker who looks at the floor or at note cards. Relax. Your class is made up of your friends and you talk to them all the time. Talk the same way now. Have a look at every person in the classroom at least once. That way, everyone will feel like you're communicating with them. Also, you'll look like you know what you are talking about.

Use hand motions. Move you hand along as you talk, using them to express your key points and keep the class interested. It will also lead your nervous energy into a better place.

（1）According to the passage, of people are afraid of speaking in public.

A. 25%

B. 50%

C. 100%

D. 75%

（2）The words "smiles are infectious" means .

A. smiles is a kind of illness

B. smiles keep people fit

C. your smiles can make others warm and want to smile too

D. it's hard to make others smile

（3）Which is the right picture to the last paragraph?

A. B. C. D.

（4）The passage mainly talks about .

A. a boy's speech in class

B. how to note cards

C. the fear of public speaking

D. how to make a speech better

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了如何使得人们演讲能力很出色。

（1）细节题。根据文章提到的According to a study, there are 3 of every 4 people having such a problem可知，一共有百分之75的人害怕在公众场合说话，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据文章提到的So if you want your speech to go off well, smile. That will make everyone smile and maybe those smiles will make you actually smile.可知，微笑

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