2023年高考一卷长难句分析
找出句子的主句，并能够翻译全句。
B篇
1. he could clean up the waste the way nature did. ( the way 引导方式状语从句，像
--- 一样）
2. He decided to build what he could later call an eco-machine. ( what 引导宾语从
句，相当于一个名词，后来他称为生态机器的东西）
C篇
1. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism,
starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
starting with 分词做状语，forces 后面定语从句，before doing 状语，在做什
么之前，状语部分翻译为：先……再……
2.At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully
chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
activities 带定语从句you believe 插入语，可以去掉，
the things 带定语从句
3.You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for
them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
hear and learn 两个并列谓语learn 后面接两个what 引导的宾语从句traps 后面带定语从句，你应该避免的
4.In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the
necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use.
such as 后面接两个并列名词，importance and necessity to replace目的状语
spent 过去分词做状语，修饰time
5. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a
minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
meant 过去分词做定语，修饰toolbox, lifestyle 后接定语从句
D篇
1. On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which
illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect.
a paper 后带定语从句what从句充当illustrate 的宾语从句
2. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the
average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.
the experiment 后面接定语从句，he conducted
show that 接宾语从句
3. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, t he
accuracy of the estimate will go down.
if 引导条件状语从句里面带了一个省略they are 的让步状语从句
4.The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into
smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.
was that 为表语从句，表语从句里面带一个由when 引导条件状语从句，groups 后面带定语从句，
5.For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of
five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.
两个average 后面都带obtained 的过去分词做定语
6.Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain,
the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous.
although为让步状语从句，studies 后面带led 过去分词做定语
七选五
1. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did
the ironing without being asked , or when you baked cookies after teh family had had a tiring day.
the time 后面带三个when 引导的定语从句并列。
2. That way , you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the
aspects of your personality that shine through.
on 后面带两个宾语，what从句和aspects 并列，做on 的宾语。
personality 后带定语从句
3. it’s something of a cliche that most people learn not from their successes but theri
mistakes.
主语从句后面Not --- but 对比
语法填空
1.Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling
wrappers, encasing hot, tasty soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, 为同位语
encasing hot, tasty soup and sweet, fresh meat 分词做定语
2.To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the
stream and risking a spill (溢出)，or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
两个不定式后各自带了分词表伴随
3.Shanghai may be the recognized home of the soup dumplings but food historians
will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao’s birthplace.
but 连接两个并列句
4.There you will find them prepared differently — more dumpling and less soup, and
the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled.
And连接两个并列句，破折号后面解释，说明
5.Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be
lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents.
Allowing 为伴随状语，
6.No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so
I am always left wanting more next time.
yet two seems greedy 并列转折句So 连接表因果的并列句，
no matter where 引导让步状语从句
2023高考英语新课标I卷高频难词盘点和长难句分析 Part One 词汇盘点 新高考英语高频难词语大略包括：构词法词汇、熟词生义、词块与短语、高中大学衔接词汇以及同义高等表达。鉴于此，我们建议大家在早读或晚读时间熟读这些词语。 一.构词法词汇 application n.应用;运用correlated a.相互关联的countless a.无数的ecological a.生态(学)的eco-machine n.环保机器economical a.经济的;实惠的ecosystem n.生态系统estimation n.评估;判断fiberglass n.玻璃纤维fishery n.渔业;水产业heading n.标题implication n.暗示;牵连intolerable a.无法忍受的mindless a.不小心的;不动脑筋的minimalist a.极简派的occasional a.偶尔的overestimate v.高估rental a.租赁的/ n.租赁;租金statistician n.统计学家sustainable a.可持续的self-repair v.自我修复toolbox n.工具箱underestimate v.低估world-changing a.改变世界的wrapper n.包装纸;包装材料 二.熟词生义 construction n.结构;构造content n.内容;里面的东西greedy a.贪吃的meet n.比赛philosophy n.生活哲学reason v.推理;思考speed v.加速前行twist n.转折 三.地道词块或短语 a big deal 重大事件a touch of 些许;有点儿act on 按...去做/行动a cross-country race 越野赛add back 添加aid checkpoint 援助检查站a follow-up study 后续研究a global reduction 总体上减少an inquiring mind 爱研究;爱动脑筋apply
2023年高考一卷长难句分析 找出句子的主句，并能够翻译全句。 B篇 1. he could clean up the waste the way nature did. ( the way 引导方式状语从句，像 --- 一样） 2. He decided to build what he could later call an eco-machine. ( what 引导宾语从 句，相当于一个名词，后来他称为生态机器的东西） C篇 1. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. starting with 分词做状语，forces 后面定语从句，before doing 状语，在做什 么之前，状语部分翻译为：先……再…… 2.At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. activities 带定语从句you believe 插入语，可以去掉， the things 带定语从句 3.You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. hear and learn 两个并列谓语learn 后面接两个what 引导的宾语从句traps 后面带定语从句，你应该避免的 4.In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use. such as 后面接两个并列名词，importance and necessity to replace目的状语
2023年新高考Ⅰ卷听力部分试题评析与教学启示 浙工大附中Ronnie 听力较前几年难度有上升的趋势，且主播也延续了“男英女美”的模式，整体上更加重视问题情境导向，所选答案中间接得出的占比提升，也更加考察了考生听懂对话、转化对话信息、整合多个信息形成事件链、基于已有信息作出合理推断的多元能力。 Part 1 命题分析 听力命题特征1：信息跨度大，推理考察难 如【T12】 12. Where does Mark live? A. Los Angeles. B. Chicago. C. Philadelphia. 听力原文： M: Oh, I had a truly incredible experience. I dropped by a yard sale on Saturday and got several books. …… M: Yes. Ashley, my sister. In 2012, she lived in Los Angeles and her husband worked in Chicago. Both of them often flew between two cities. I asked the seller where he got the book. He said it was bought at a second-hand bookstore in Los Angeles three years ago. Last year, he and his family moved from Los Angeles to Philadelphia. 由此可见，男主在庭院拍卖得到的书，而书商是去年搬到费城的，故而可推断男主的居所是在费城。 本题前后信息的跨度很大，需要考生很强的信息整合与逻辑推断能力，听力有用信息的利用率很高，命题区分度大。 另类做法：由对话最后一段“W: So, all the way cross the country, your sister’s old book landed in your hands. That’s really crazy.”可知男主居所与Los Angeles 地理跨越非常大，而费城位于美国宾夕法尼亚州东南部，符合题意。这种做法需要区域地理的相关知识，因而迁移性不强，但也折射出高考对于核心素养的重视。 听力命题特征2：词汇要求高，词汇量加大 本次听力中出现了诸多较难词汇与语块，笔者用以下举例： Text 3：reschedule重新安排 Text 4：add up the bill算账 Text 7：call on拜访；看望be done with sth.完成某事 Text 8：drop by顺便访问yard sale庭院拍卖poetry collection诗集leaf through迅速翻阅 Text 9：meet deadlines在规定的时间内完成任务weightlifting举重fit into适应bond增强关系fruitful硕果累累的；成功的 Text 10：intention目的bimonthly两月一次；一月两次issue期subscribe to订阅由上述可知，本次听力文本中词汇语块的难度有所提高，甚至出现了“leaf through”“bimonthly”这样考生并不熟悉的表达，尽管对解题影响不大，但也启示我们要刻意积累口语中的常用表达。 听力命题特征3：深化情境意识，注重解决问题 本次听力每个对话或独白都以创新型情境为载体，真实贴近生活本源，渗透的是对考生生活阅历和英语学科认知素养的考察。 如第七段材料客人来访的情境，非常具有真实感，设问也抓住了对话的主要矛盾；如第八段材料意外得到姐姐一本旧书的情境，创新而富有新意，更能引导考生在听对话时专注于信息提取；如第十段独白鼓励订阅杂志《闲人》，针对生活中各种冗杂叨扰，材料引导我们去享受生活，与C篇阅读提倡的网络模式起到
23年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新高考全国Ⅰ卷） 完形填空 第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her am to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention. Once there, Lenoue was 49 and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 50 to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help. As for Bailey, she is more 51 about why her act is considered a big 52 . “She was just cryin g. I couldn’t 53 her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 54 , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 55 of human kindness won the day. 41. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished 42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse 43. A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor 44. A. race B. school C. town D. training 45. A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised 46. A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice 47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down 48. A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal 49. A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated 50. A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness 51. A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged 52. A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal 53. A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand 54. A. ride B. test C. meet D. show 55. A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange 41. D 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. B 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B
2023年新高考1卷英语解析 一、试卷总体评价 2023年新高考1卷英语试卷，在保持稳定的基础上进行了一些创新和调整，体现了较高的命题水平和学科素养。整体难度适中，既考查了学生的英语基础，又考察了学生的思维能力、语言运用能力和跨文化交际能力。 二、题型分析 1. 听力：听力部分难度适中，题目设置合理，主要考查了学生的听力理解能力和细节把握能力。听力的语音素材涉及多种口音和语言背景，体现了语言的多样性和丰富性。 2. 阅读理解：阅读理解部分包括四篇文章，涵盖了不同体裁和题材，包括议论文、说明文、记叙文和广告等。题目设置既注重了对文章主旨和大意的考查，又涉及了细节理解、推断判断和词义猜测等。 3. 语言运用：语言运用部分包括完形填空和语法填空，以及改错题。完形填空主要考查了学生的词汇知识和语法知识，同时也考查了学生的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力；语法填空和改错题主要考查了学生的语言运用和语法规则。 4. 写作：写作部分包括一篇应用文写作和一篇短文写作。应用文写作主要考查了学生的格式掌握和语言表达能力；短文写作主要考查了学生的词汇运用、句式多样化和逻辑连贯性。 三、跨文化交际能力 在今年的英语试卷中，跨文化交际能力的考查得到了充分的体现。听力素材涉及多种口音和语言背景，阅读文章涵盖了不同体裁和
题材，这些都为学生提供了丰富的文化信息，有利于培养学生的跨文化交际意识。在写作部分，也涉及了一些与文化相关的主题，如邀请信、旅游攻略等，这些都对学生的跨文化交际能力提出了要求。 四、创新与调整 今年英语试卷在保持稳定的基础上进行了一些创新和调整。例如，听力部分增加了一些新的语音素材，阅读理解部分增加了对广告类文章的考查，写作部分增加了对旅游攻略的考查等。这些创新和调整，既体现了命题人对英语学科的深入理解和研究，也反映了高考对学科素养的重视和追求。 五、备考建议 1. 注重基础知识的掌握和应用：在备考过程中，学生应加强对词汇、语法、句型等基础知识的掌握和应用，为提高语言运用能力打下坚实的基础。 2. 提高阅读理解能力：学生应扩大阅读范围，提高阅读速度，加强对文章主旨和大意、细节理解、词义猜测等能力的训练。 3. 加强写作训练：学生应注重写作训练，提高格式掌握、语言表达能力、词汇运用、句式多样化和逻辑连贯性等方面的能力。 4. 培养跨文化交际意识：在备考过程中，学生应加强对不同文化背景的了解，培养跨文化交际意识，提高在跨文化环境中运用英语的能力。 5. 注重模拟练习：学生应积极参加模拟考试和真题练习，通过模拟练习了解考试形式、难度和题型，为实际考试做好充分的准备。 六、结语
2023年新高考一卷英语七选五解析讲义 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. (16) __________ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” (17) __________ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. A t the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. (18) __________ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. (19) __________ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personalit y that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. (20) __________ We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mis take, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
2023 B When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. 当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，小溪在流经植物和微小生物生活的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。当他长大后，约翰开始寻思这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的废物。 After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. 在大学里学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又开始观察大自然并提出问题。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌? 哪些鱼类可以吃致癌化学物质？他想，如果动物和植物的正确结合，也许他可以像大自然一样清理垃圾。他决定建造一台他后来称之为生态机器的机器。 The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and stream s and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. 约翰为自己设定的任务是清除一些污泥中的有害物质. 首先，他建造了一系列相互连接的透明玻璃钢储罐。然后，他来到当地的池塘和溪流，带回了一些植物和动物。他把它们放在玻璃钢储罐里，等着看变化。渐渐地，这些不同种类的生命相互适应，形成了自己的生态系统。几周后，约翰加入了污泥。 He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. 他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当作食物开始吃！几周内，它全部被消化掉了，剩下的只有纯水。
一、长难句翻译 101.For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached and who must have great job experiences such as making strategic plans and improving the efficiency of management. 102.But even as the number of English speakers expands further there are signs that the global predominance of the language may fade within the foreseeable future. 二、长难句翻译解析 101.For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached and who must have great job experiences such as making strategic plans and improving the efficiency of management. 01断句 该句的信号词有： ①介词短语时间状语②从句引导词that ③从句引导词who ④从句引导词who ⑤介词短语such as... 所以断句完成后如下： For years / executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule / that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones / who must be poached and / who must have great job experiences / such as making strategic plans and improving the efficiency of management. 02找主谓，定主从 第一个主谓结构是executives and head hunters have adhered to；第二个主谓结构是the most attractive CEO candidates are ; 第三个主谓结构是(the ones) must be poached; 第四个主谓结构是(the ones) have。 根据信号词也可以判断该句有3 个从句，找完后标记如下： For years / executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule / that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones/who must be poached and/ who must have great job experiences / such as making strategic plans and improving the efficiency of management. 03分析主句和从句 本句的主干是：executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule. ①开头前半句是本句的主句部分。我们来分析一下主干部分：主句的主语是【executives and hunters】，谓语部分是【have adhered to】，宾语是【the rule】。【for years】是时间状语。主句的意思翻译过来就是：多年以来，经理们和猎头们都认同一个原则。 本部分的生词和重点词汇： executive n.主管，经理； eg: a marketing executive 营销主管 headhunter n. 物色人才者；猎头 eg: Our pany hired the headhunter to find a new CEO. 我们得公司请猎头去找一个新得首席执行官。 adhere to sth 坚持，信守 eg: We adhered to the principles of equal rights and freedom of expression for all. 我们坚持人人平等和言论自由的原则。 ②出现了从句引导词词that。这里可以看出从句的句子结构完整，主谓宾都在。通过语义分析，可以看出这里是与rule联系的。所以，经过判断分析，该句是that引导的同位语从句，作【the rule】的同位语，对其进一步解释说明，意思是：这个规则是... 本部分的生词和重点词汇：
2023年全国高考新课标Ⅰ卷&Ⅱ卷读后续写真题When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did. So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try. I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice. What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wante d to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them. When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.
一、长难句翻译 115.They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. 116.Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. 二、长难句翻译解析 115.They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. 01语法结构及词汇分析 句子比较短，结构也清晰可见。重点讲解的部分已经标上了重点符号。 ①句子的主干部分是：They are among the growing number of Americans. 主语是They，谓语是are。 among是在.....之中的意思，一般用于三者或三者以上。其宾语通常是表示笼统数量或具有复数意义的名词或代词。 the growing number of.......表示越来越多的..... ②出现了引导词who，who在这里引导定语从句，修饰先行词Americans。who后面有一个逗号，后面的[driven by higher living costs and a falling economy]，这是过去分词作后置定语的用法，修饰who前面的Americans。 在这里过去分词也在定语从句作插入语，逗号后面是从句的另一部分。定语从句中，who 充当主语，have taken up是谓语部分，vegetable gardening是从句的宾语。for the first time 是时间状语。 take up 开始从事（新工作）；开始花时间做某事；对某事产生兴趣；占据 例句：Peter will take up the management of the finance department. 彼得将担任财务部的管理工作。 02中文翻译 越来越多的美国人迫于生活成本的上升和经济的衰退，首次开始经营蔬菜园子，他们就在其中。 116.Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. 01语法结构及词汇分析 ①根据句意和句子前后结构分析，在这句话中Once引导的是条件状语从句，意思是：一旦...，从句的主语是it，谓语是has。attention意思是：注意，关注，兴趣。attract/catch/get sb's attention表示：吸引/引起/得到某人的注意 once可以引导时间状语从句和条件状语从句。 我们来补充一下once引导从句的用法： ⭐once引导时间状语从句时，通常可以翻译为“一旦.....就.....”。有一点需要注意的是，由once 引导的时间状语从句，从句要用现在时表示将来意义。 例句：Once you are in America, you will know how developed the country is. 一旦你到了美国，你就会知道这个国家有多发达。 ⭐once在引导条件状语从句时，通常可以翻译为“只要”的意思。这种条件从句似带有时间条件的含义。 例句：He will not be swerved from his course once his mind's made up. 一旦他已下定决心，就无法改变。 ②主句是【it（主语）flies through（谓语）the forest（宾语）】。后面的【waiting from time.....or
2023届高考英语复习指导讲义：长难句分析补充高考英语的根本要求 原句 “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,”said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. （2022年新高考I 卷阅读理解D篇） 把句子末尾的“某某人说”先去掉，延续上一篇文章的分析思路，引号里面这句话的重点信息是什么？内在逻辑又是什么？ The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,
我认为所有人应该都能一眼看到句子中间逗号后面的but rather，所以语句内在的转折逻辑非常明显，句子的重点信息一定在后半句里。 the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution, 要拆分这句话，你需要首先明确句子里有几个谓语——第一个是find，第二个是is。like是不是谓语呢？不是。作动词的like是“喜欢”，在这里既没有主语，句意也完全不成立，所以这里是作介词的“像……”。 两个谓语代表这里有两个句子，从句的位置非常容易判断，就是“that we find today”这四个字，构成定语从句，对前面的sounds进行内容补充。在上一篇文章里说过，定语从句大多数可以暂时忽略，所以句子的重要信息就是剩下的部分。 the huge variety of speech sounds is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution, 我们继续拆分这个句子的构成部分。
2023年新高考一卷英语D篇解析讲义 On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases, the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate. This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won’t cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent. If for whatever reasons, people’s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down. But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist (转折) on this classic phenomenon. The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals. In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion. Did they tend to go with those most confident about their estimates? Did they follow those least willing to change their minds? This happened some of the time, but it wasn’t the dominant response. Most frequently, the groups reported that they “shared arguments and reasoned together.” Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 12. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?