全国2010年10月高等教育自学考试
语言与文化试题
课程代码：00838
I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20 %)
1. Language is ______ in that it is rule governed. ( )
A. arbitrary
B. vocal
C. systematic
D. human
2. In its narrow sense “culture” can be defined as ______ of a population. ( )
A. concepts
B. lifeway
C. behavioural patterns
D. social institutions
3. ______ meaning is communicated when the feelings or attitudes of language users are expressed. ( )
A. Affective
B. Reflected
C. Collocative
D. Conceptual
4. ______ is a ship in which a group of British Puritans sailed to America in 1620. ( )
A. The Revolutionary War
B. Christmas Rose
C. Cowboy
D. The May Flower
5. “He graduated from English Department, Beijing University.” illustrates the fact that English differs from Chinese in ______ .( )
A. branching sentence pattems
B. paratactic relations
C. word order
D. number and case
6. The word “for” in “it must be snowing, for it is so bright outside.” shows that English is a(n) ______ language. ( )
A. object prominent
B. hypotactic
C. SOV e
D. analytic
7. ______ are used to address others to draw their attention. ( )
A. Responses
B. Vocatives
C. Farewells
D. Introductions
8. Which of the following is used when one fails to catch what the speaker has said? ( )
A. Excuse me.
B. I'm sorry.
C. Keep nodding.
D. I beg your pardon.
9. ______ are implied or indirect references. ( )
A. Nonverbal signs
B. Idioms
C. Allusions
D. Phrasal verbs
10. The proverb "God help those who help themselves" is related to ______. ( )
A. Christianity
B. literary works
C. geography
D. navigation
11. ______ is a direct comparison between two or more unlike things, normally introduced by "like" or "as". ( )
A. A metaphor
B. A proverb
C. A simile
D. An idiom
12. “黑面包” can be translated into ( )
A. brown bread
B. dark bread
C. black bread
D. red bread
13. Honorifics are defined by Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary as a class of grammatical forms used in speaking to or about a social ______. ( )
A. inferior
B. superior
C. equal
D. equivalent
14. In the United States, the black people are often referred to as ______ in which the colour of their skin that caused them troubles and sufferings is NOT mentioned in English euphemisms.
（）
A. niggers
B. negroes
C. the black
D. African Americans
15. John does well in school. Furthermore, he takes an active part in the social work. The logical relationship between the above sentences is ______. ( )
A. additive
B. adversative
C. causal
D. temporal
16. In English letters, the date is put ______. ( )
A. at the top right corner
B. below the receiver's address
C. at the upper left corner
D. above the signature
17. Venus is the Roman god of ______. ( )
A. the departed spirits
B. agriculture
C. beauty and love
D. the sea
18. British English is spoken in ______. ( )
A. Great Britain
B. Australia
C. New Zealand
D. All of the above
19. All the planets in solar system EXCEPT ______ got their names from Greeo-Roman mythology. ( )
A. Earth
B. Mars
C. Jupiter
D. Pluto
20. The word in British English for “电车” is ______. ( )
A. motor car
B. engine
C. tram
D. tube
II. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)
21. In English culture the general rule is to introduce ______. ( )
A. a young person to an older one
B. a man to a woman
C. an inferior to a superior
D. the host to the guest
22. God, as an interjection, can be used to express ______. ( )
A. satisfaction
B. impatience
C. doubt
D. hesitation
23. English has kinship terms and distinguishes some characteristics in relatives, including ______. ( )
A. blood relationship
B. seniority
C. generation
D. sex
24. An American professor has prepared a letter of recommendation for his student, and his student is expected to say “______”. ( )
A. Thank you very much
B. I feel so sorry that it has taken you so much time
C. I feel so sorry that it has caused you so much trouble
D. I really appreciate your help
25. Which of the following proverbs are related to navigation? ( )
A. Great men are not always wise.
B. An Englishman's house is his castle.
C. Many drops of water will sink the ship.
D. The good seaman is known in bad weather.
26. The red colour is usually associated with ______ in both English speaking countries and China. ( )
A. purity
B. envy
C. celebrations
D. joyful occasions
27. A Chinese shows respect not only to a superior as his interlocutor. He uses honofifics to refer to his superior ______. ( )
A. when his superior is present
B. when his superior is not present
C. when his superior knows he is mentioned
D. when his superior does not know he is mentioned
28. If the sentences in a text are connected by ______ means, we say that they exhibit cohesion.( )
A. grammatical
B. phonetic
C. lexical
D. meaningless
29. In English-speaking countries, ______ are frequently advertised. ( )
A. medicines
B. domestic service
C. sexual service
D. cigarette
30. Which of the following brand names are named after their designers or manufacturers?( )
A. Chanel
B. Salem
C. Rolex
D. Ford
HI. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)
31. People now generally agree that language, culture and thought _________, each influencing and shaping the other two.
32. The kinship terms "grandfather", "grandmother", "grandson", "granddaughter" and others show that the distinction between _________ and maternal relatives is often ignored in English.
33. Relative clauses in English are called _________ when modification and word order are discussed.
34. In business English, "in the _________" is equivalent to running a business profitably.
35. Usually the person who answers the telephone ends the conversation over the
_________ with "Thank you for calling".
36. A _________ is a brief familiar maxim of folk wisdom, usually compressed in form, often involving a bold image and frequently a jingle that catches the memory.
37. Terms of humility are used to show the speaker's _________.
38. Text refers to any piece of spoken or written language, which expresses a complete _________.
39. The word in American English for “电梯” is _________.
40. In English _________ is often used metaphorically to refer to a formidably fierce, cruel person, especially a woman.
IV.Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)
41. Why do we say that culture is a historical phenomenon?
42. How do speakers of English view dogs?
43. What does the short term EST stand for?
44. What is the definition of the word ADVERTISING?
V. Translation. (18 %)
45. Strike while the iron is hot.
46. Please give us your comments.
47. If there is any inappropriacy in my manuscript, please feel free to change it.
48．他壮得像头牛。
49．请不要挂电话。
50．谋事在人，成事在天。
VI. Discuss the following topics. (20%)
51. What are the topics that are considered by English speakers too personal to talk about?
52. What cross-cultural differences can you find between English and Chinese thanks?
全国2011年1月高等教育自学考试
语言与文化试题
课程代码：00838
I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%)
1. Language is ________, which means that speech is primary while writing is secondary. ( )
A. arbitrary
B. dual
C. vocal
D. symbolic
2. In its narrow sense“________” is contrasted with other cultures. ( )
A. a language
B. a culture
C. a human behaviour
D. a thinking pattern
3. ________ meaning is what a piece of language conveys about the social circumstances of its
use. ( )
A. Social
B. Reflected
C. Thematic
D. Conceptual
4. “Equalitarianism” is a ________word in English. ( )
A. new
B. negative
C. neutral
D. positive
5. In English ________morphemes are inflectional morphemes representing such categories as number, case, tense, etc. ( )
A. derivational
B. free
C. grammatical
D. bound
6. Onomatopoeic words are mainly used as nouns and verbs in ( ).
A. Chinese
B. English
C. both English and Chinese
D. neither English nor Chinese
7. Which of the following expressions can function as a way of greeting others? ( )
A. Who is calling?
B. How is everything?
C.I beg your pardon.
D. Would you like to come to dinner next Saturday?
8. In English speaking culture,“ ________ ”is used when people need to pass in front of others. ( )
A. I am sorry.
B. Let me go, please.
C. Excuse me.
D. It’s OK.
9. _______ means the drawing of a general conclusion from a number of known facts. ( )
A. Deduction
B. Induction
C. Introduction
D. Production
10. “Romeo” is a/an ________ originated from Shakespeare’s play. ( )
A. proverb
B. idiom
C. allusion
D. simile
11. “My hands are as cold as ice” is an example of _______. ( )
A. similes
B. metaphors
C. proverbs
D. allusions
12. “He was __________ over his dismissal.” simply means “He was sad for his dismissal”. ( )
A. green
B. grey
C. pink
D. blue
13. In English culture, a praise is normally accepted with appreciation.
So“______” might function roughly the same in English as “哪里”in Chinese. ( )
A. No.
B. It’s very kind of you to say so.
C. Where?
D. Not at all.
14. Which of the following topics is NOT a taboo in the conversation with a westerner? ( )
A. Personal income
B. Sports
C. Political views
D. Religious beliefs
15. Slums where the poor and the coloured races live may be referred to as ________ .( )
A. downtown
B. uptown
C. ethnic neighbourhood
D. racial neighbourhood
16. —Are you going home?
—Yes, I am.
The above sentences exhibit ________. ( )
A. coherence
B. cohesion
C. paradox
D. coexistence
17. John didn’t go to Japan. Instead, he went to France.
The logical relationship between the above sentences is ( ).
A. additive
B. adversative
C. causal
D. temporal
18. The most striking phonetic difference between American and British English is the pronunciation of _________ in words. ( )
A. “r”
B. “a”
C. “wh”
D. “er”
19. “Chewing one’s finger nails” signifies ______. ( )
A. contempt
B. guilty
C.happiness
D. worry
20. The expression “to kick the bucket” means______. ( )
A. “to be angry”
B. “to go away”
C. “to die”
D. “to get out”
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II. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)
21. “The door locks easily. ” illustrates the fact that ______ in English. ( )
A. grammatical morphemes are still important
B. implicit passives are acceptable
C. nouns can be pluralized
D. verbs can be followed by adjectives
22. “Self-made man” is a positive expression in English because English culture emphasizes______. ( )
A. individualism
B. independence
C. privacy
D. aggression
23. “To be all thumbs” is synonymous to______. ( )
A. “to be clumsy”
B. “to be proud”
C. “to be good at doing something”
D. “to be bad at doing something”
24. It is safe to say that language is an instrument used in ______ of thought. ( )
A. communication
B. shaping
C. expression
D. generation
25. The examples of allusions from history are ______. ( )
A. a Trojan horse
B. Marathon
C. Waterloo
D. an Uncle Tom
26. Which of the following are examples of metaphorical expressions in daily conversations? ( )
A. Pop looked so unhappy, almost like a child who has lost his piece of candy.
B. What he said left a bad taste in my mouth.
C. He is a father of modern biology.
D. Here is an idea that I’d l ike to plant in your mind.
27. Honorifics are very often used to show ______ to one’s interlocutors no matter whether they are of higher social status. ( )
A. contempt
B. respect
C. politeness
D. jealousy
28. Which of the following are related to the speaking style? ( )
A. Frozen
B. Formal
C. Casual
D. Intimate
29. Which of the following English brand names are coinages? ( )
A. Trane
B. Playtex
C. Pierre
D. Cartan
30. Body language includes such meaning representing devices as ( ).
A. artifacts
B. gestures
C. dress
D. facial expressions
Ⅲ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)
31. The statement “Languages differ not so much as to what can be said in them, but rather as to what it is relatively easy to say i n them.” shows that language influences________.
32. The kinship terms “brother”, “sister”, and others show that ________of the relatives of the same generation is often ignored in English.
33. English is more ________than Chinese as far as the connection
between language elements within or beyond sentences is concerned.
34. In English speaking culture, it is ________for a male English speaker to compliment on females on their good looks.
35. “To hit and run” is an allusion related to________.
36. Sometimes English people will tell a white ________, when they feel it is merely more convenient or polite than telling the truth.
37. ________are pleasant, polite or harmless sounding words or expressions used to mask harsh, rude or infamous truths.
38. Hypotactic relations at the sentential level refer to constructions whose components are linked through the use of________.
39. To respond to one’s compliment, people in English speaking countries tend to say “________”.
40. Of the five categories of gestures ____________ are perhaps the most important one because they are intentional behaviours with widely agreed meanings in a society.
IV. Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)
41. Why is it said that the relationship between language and culture is not simply that between a part and the whole?
42. What does the word “peasant” in English connote?
43. From which language is the word “cookie” borrowed?
44. What is a future-oriented society?
V. Translation. (18%)
45. Not for al! the tea in China.
46. He is a blue-collar worker.
47. If the change is a major one involving substance, I will appreciate your letting me know beforehand.
48．您有何高见?
49．他抓住我的胳膊。
50．你穿这件毛衣很好。
VI. Discuss the following topics. (20%)
51. Are “please” in English and “请” in Chinese used in the same way in communication? If they are not, what differences can you find between them?
52. It is said that the frequent use of honorifics in Chinese is associated with the traditional stratified society and a long history of civilization. W
全国2009年10月高等教育自
I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the sta tement. (20%)
1. “A Chauvinist pig” refers to a person who believes that women are ______.( )
A. prone to tears
B. sociable
C. frail
D. inferior
2. A hot, freshly cooked sausage sandwiched in a split roll of bread is called ______.( )
A. hamburger
B. sandwich
C. hot dog
D. pudding
3. Language is ______.( )
A. the product of the human brain
B. rule governed
C. independent of culture
D. the result of social institutions
4. Language is used for communication in that communication is the ____ function of language.( )
A. primary
B. peripheral
C. medium
D. personal
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?( )
A. English is a language with explicit grammar and Chinese is a language with implicit grammar.
B. Compared with Chinese, English has more grammatical morphemes that are used more frequently in e ither speech or writing.
C. Chinese has no grammatical morphemes.
D. Grammatical explicitness and consistency are required in English.
6. English is the language which ______.( )
A. demonstrates more hypotactic relations than Chinese does
B. demonstrates more paratactic relations than Chinese does
C. demonstrates only hypotactic relations
D. only relies on conjunctions for sentence construction
7. ____ can be used as a title for an English woman whose marital status is unknown or is not indicate
d.( )
A. Mrs. B Ms C. Miss D. Madam
8. “To kick the bucket” means “to _____ ” ( )
A. die
B. work
C. play
D. study
9. “Marry in May, repent always.”is related to ______.( )
A. geography
B. Christianity
C. individualism
D. Greco-Roman civilization
10. “A Cleopatra” is an allusion from______.( )
A. mythology
B. religion
C. literature
D. sports
11. A simile is a direct _____ between two or more unlike things, normally introduced by “like” or “as”. ( )
A. meaning
B. comparison
C. link
D. way
12. Terms of colours can be used either literally to refer to different colours or metaphorically to convey their ______ meanings.( )
A. direct
B. implied
C. associative
D. comparative
13. ______ are pleasant, polite or harmless sounding words or expressions used to mask harsh, rude or i nfamous truths.( )
A. Terms of humility
B. Honourifics
C. Similes and metaphors
D. Euphemisms
14. Honourifics are used to show respect to one’s interlocutors and persons mentioned in conversations, while ______ are used to show the speaker’s modesty.( )
A. honourifics
B. compliments
C. terms of humility
D. euphemisms
15. The term “text” refers to any piece of spoken or written language, which expresses a(n) ______ mea ning.( )
A. complete
B. incomplete
C. regular
D. irregular
16. A: Do you mind my smoking here ?( )
B: This is non-smoking area.
There is ______between the above two sentences.
A. logic
B. lexical
C. cohesion C. cohesion
17. Which of the following words is a coinage, which is often used in the advertisements or brand name s?( )
A. homely
B. package
C. smoothness
D. home office
18. The Chinese meaning of “Mars” is ______ .( )
A. 水星
B. 金星
C. 火星
19. What does punctuality mean to Americans and Englishmen?( )
A. in time
B. on time if not a little before
C. a couple of minutes late
D. half an hour late
20. ______ communication is communication without words.( )
A. Action
B. Gestures
C. Verbal
D. Nonverbal
II. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each state ment and the four alternatives carefully and decide which alternatives can complete the statement. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)
21. Affective meaning is communicated when ______ are expressed directly or indirectly in language.( )
A. communicative values
B. attitudes
C. feelings
D. referential meanings
22. Many English words refer to the historical aspects of English culture, such as ______. ( )
A. reformation l
B. lynch
C. cocktai
D. scalp
23. Which of the following statements is right?( )
A. Hypotactic language is unambiguous and paratactic language is ambiguous.
B. Hypotactic language like English relies on conjunctions for sentence construction.
C. Paratactic language like Chinese never relies on conjunctions for sentence construction.
D. Hypotactic and paratactic relations can be found in both English and Chinese.
24. “ ______ ”is an appropriate reply to an expression of gratitude.( )
A. Don’t mention it
B. Don’t say that
C. It’s my pleasure
D. It’s my duty
25. ______ is an allusion from a historical event.( )
A. Newcastle
B. Marathon
C. Waterloo
D. Paris
26. In English, green is usually associated with ______.( )
A. jealousy
B. lacking experience
C. authoritative permission
D. profitB. lacking experience
27. In English, we can use s uch euphemisms as ______ for “die”.( )
A. “go”
B. “depart”
C. “go to a better world”
D. “go the way of all flesh”
28. The logical relationships between adjoining sentences can be classified into ______. ( )
A. additive
B. adversative
C. causal
D. temporal
29. A news report normally consists of ______.( )
A. a headline
B. a lead
C. a subtitle
D. a story
30. Thumbing one’s nose is used to show one’s ______.( )
A. defiance
B. greeting others
C. arousing other’s interest
D. contempt
III. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (20%)
31. Language is the carrier and ______ of culture.
32. Each culture develops a particular way of ______ favoured by a particular population.
33. The prefix “super-” and suffices “-logy”, “-ics” are all from______.
34. ______ is used to talk about a person or event that attracts a lot of notice and is the subject of mu ch talk for a short time but is soon forgotten.
35. If the person calling is a stranger and does not tell who he or she is, English speakers normally ask “ ______ ”
36. Which of the following words in the sentence “There are too many facts here for me to digest them all” is a metaphor?______
37. In English a developing country is used to refer to a poor country. Here a developing country is a__ ____.
38. A: Are you from China?
B: Yes, I am.
The sentences in the above dialogue are connected by both grammatical and lexical means, so we say th at they exhibit ______.
39. In American English, the letters “er” in the word “clerk” are pro nounced as______.
40. “ ______ ”is signified by moving several times the hand whose forefinger touches one’s own cheek.
IV. Answer the following questions briefly.(12%)
41. Could you say something about the language features of English advertising?
42. How is nonverbal communication related to culture?
43. What does abstract thinking refer to?
44. How would you explain the fact that “greenhouse” and its equivalent in Chinese “温室” are formed differently?
V. Translation.(18%)
45．趁热打铁。
46．称呼语用于招呼别人，引起其注意。
47．敬请指正。
48. He is as strong as a horse.
49. pink elephants
50.Request the honour of your presence.
VI. Discuss the following topics.(20%)
51. Are “please” in English and “请” in Chinese used in the same way in communication? If they are n ot, what differences can you find between them?
52. What cross-cultural differences can you find between English and Chinese thanks?
Ⅰ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement and put the answer in the brackets. (20%)
1. In educational settings “depend on others to do his/her work” is often preferred to “______”.
A. fail to do one’s homework
B. fail to do one’s schoolwork well
C. cheat in exams
D. cheat in class
2. A “file clerk” is often said euphemistically to be a(n) “______”.
A. information director
B. research consultant
C. office executive
D. assistant manager
3. I wonder whether Nick isn’t better off, after all.______—they do look after him, don’t they?
A. I mean
B. In other words
C. Actually
D. Incidentally
4. The next morning she was glad and proud that she had not yielded to a scare. ______ he was most strangely and obviously better.
A. Though
B. At this point
C. For
D. So
5. “2000年7月25日上午10点” can be translated into ______.
A. At 10 o’clock of the morning of 25 July of 2000
B. At 10 o’clock on the morning of 25 July, 2000
C. At 10 o’clock, the morning of 25 July, 2000
D. At 10 o’clock in the morning of 25 July, 2000
6. Which of the following names is associated with Christianity?
A. Edgar
B. Joseph
C. Alexander
D. Iris
7. When you introduce Mary Smith to John Jones, you may say ______.
A. “John Jones, this is Mary Smith”
B. “Mr. Jones, may I introduce Mrs. Smith?”
C. “Mary Smith, this is John Jones”
D. “Mary Smith, this is Mr. Jones”
8. “______” is inappropriate as a reply to an apology.
A. It’s O. K.
B. It’s all right.
C. Not at all.
D. Never mind.
9. It is suggested that Chinese people are good at holistic ______.
A. writing
B. speaking
C. thinking
D. doing
10. The thematic model emphasizes three culture elements:______.
A. traits, values and world views
B. personal behaviours, thinking patterns and values
C. norms, customs and circumstances
D. time, space and dimension
11. The Chinese equivalent for “high school” is ______.
A. 中等学校
B. 高等学校
C. 技术学校
D. 职业学校
12. In English culture, “old” is associated with all the following except ______.
A. useless
B. traditional
C. senile
D. skilled
13. The phrasal verb “look into” corresponds in mean ing to the single word ______.
A. expect
B. investigate
C. despise
D. watch
14. “To be very careful and correct in one’s behaviour” is synonymous to ______.
A. “Mr.Right”
B. “keep one’s own company”
C. “to mind one’s p’s and q’s”
D. “to keep one’s nose clean”
15. “To make a cat laugh” means ______.
A. to be tragic
B. to be comic
C. to be proud
D. to be serious
Ⅱ. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives can complete the statement and put the answer(s) in the brackets. There might be more than one correct answer. (10%)
21. “______” is more offensive than “damn” or “damn it”.
A. Hell
B. God damn you
C. Damn you
D. Jesus Christ
22. He was the popular candidate. ______he will be elected.
A. So that
B. As such
C. Consequently
D. Accordingly
23. In the following statements,______ is true.
A. English has gone through the stage of explicit grammar, while Chinese has.
B. Modern European languages are grammatical simpler and demonstrate less grammatical explicitly than classical European language.
C. English and Chinese are at different developmental stages.
D. English and Chinese are at same developmental stages.
24. When John Smith picks up the phone, he may say ______.
A. Hello. This is John speaking.
B. Hello.
C. Who’s calling, please?
D. Good morning. John Smith here.
25. When English speakers respond to thanks, they normally say ______.
A. “Don’t mention it”
B. “It’s my pleasure”
C. “Not at all”
D. “No. It’s my duty”
26. The idiomatic expression “to put one’s foot in one’s mouth” means ______.
A. to just make it
B. to say something embarrassing
C. to have an angry attitude
D. to say something wrong or unsuitable
27. “A blue fit” is close in meaning to ______.
A. annoyance
B. happiness
C. satisfaction
D. irritation
28. In English culture, ______ are positive in meaning.
A. ambitious
B. self-made man
C. do-gooder
D. aggressive
29. In Chinese newspapers ______ are not reported so frequently as in English newspapers.
A. political achievements
B. cultural achievements
C. crimes
D. disasters
30. Touching or bodily contact is more common among ______ in English speaking countries.
A. males
B. the old
C. females
D. the young
Ⅲ. Fill in each underlined space with a proper expression. (12%)
31. “To fresh up” can be used by a female as an euphemism for ________.
32. In an English letter of request there are three parts: the purpose for which the letter is written, the supporting information and a ________.
33. It is hard for ________ to understand why “走狗” is a pejorative term in Chinese.
34. Each culture develops a particular way of ________ favoured by a particular population.
35. English uses frequently inflectional morphemes to indicate the ________ relations between linguistic elements.
36. “Good-bye” is the contracted form of ________ and therefore carries a r eligious connotation.
37. “Good night” is usually as an expression of ________.
38. The English proverbial expression ________ corresponds to “对牛弹琴” in Chinese.
39. The English expression ________ corresponds to “胆小如鼠” in Chinese.
40. The branch of learning that studies how we perceive, structure, reacts to, and interpret
messages of time is referred to as ________.
41. American English differs from British English mainly in pronunciation and ________.
42. The phrase in British English for “私立学校” is ________.
Ⅳ. Answer the following questions briefly. (12%)
43. What are some examples in Australian English illustrating racist language?
44. How do English speakers respond to compliments?
45. What is large c culture?
46. How would you explain the fact that “greenhouse” and its equivalent in Chinese “温室” are formed differently?
47. Which idiomatic expression in English corresponds to “捧腹大笑” in Chi nese?
48. What is the word for “hard liquor” in British English?
Ⅴ. Translation. (16%)
49. 您有何高见?
50. Most surprise attacks against the enemy have now become pre-emptive strikes.
51. I’m sorry, Mr. Jones is occupied right now. Would you like to leave a me ssage, please?
52. Hello. This is Mary speaking. Who is calling?
53. He that increases knowledge increases sorrow.
54. 巧妇难为无米之炊。
55. Cookie, fat-cakes and chowder are words referring to food.
56. 竹在中国文化中是谦虚、刚直不阿、顽强不屈的象征。
Ⅵ. Define the following terms. (10%)
57. sexist language
58. individualism
59. Seven Facets model
60. Sexism
61. illustrator
Ⅶ. Discuss the following topics. (20%)
62. What are allusions? And how do they reflect culture?
63. Please explain the five categories of gestures.
码：00838
第一部分选择题
Ⅰ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives and choose the one that best completes the statement (20%).
1.When signifying “come here”,English speakers would ().
A. extend their closed hands, palms up, with only their forefingers moving back and forth
B. extend their open hands, palms down, toward the person with all fingers crooked in a
beckoning motion
C. extend their closed hands, palms up, toward the person with all fingers crooked in a beckoning motion
D. extend their open hands, palm down, with only their forefingers moving back and forth
2.In English speaking countries smell of ( ) is thought to be undesirable.
A. lotions
B. creams
C. powders
D. perspiration
3.The American English equivalent for “私立学校” is ().
A. public school
B. council school
C. private school
D. grade school
4.Many technical terms in English such as botany, mathematics, electron, pharynx, atom, geometry and lithium can all find their origins in ( ).
A. Latin
B. Greek
C. French
D. Roman
5.“I could tell you something about beautiful women now, I could. And it was not all made up either” de monstrates ( ) relation between the two sentences.
A. an additive
B. an adversative
C. a causal
D. a temporal
6.In most English letters of request,( ).
A. the request precedes the supporting information
B. the request follows the supporting fact
C. the initial request has to be made paving the way for the final request
D. the request is placed at the end of letters
7.“It’s important how you package your ideas” illustrates the metaphor ().
A. ideas are food
B. ideas are commodities
C. ideas are products
D. ideas are plants
8.“See red” means ().
A. to get extremely angry
B. to become extremely happy
C. to be very shy
D. to show embarrassment
9.“Blue blood” means ( ).
A. humble lineage
B. courageous personality
C. timid personality
D. aristocratic lineage
10.“The cat’s got your tongue” refers to ().
A. you’re in trouble
B. you feel sick
C. you are very quiet
D. you like the cat
11.“Milk and water” means ().
A. something drinkable
B. something that is inoffensive but feeble
C. something in complete harmony
D. complete understanding between friends
12.When one visits an English speaking friend,one had better not stay at his home long.This is especially illustrated by a proverb ( ).
A. a rousing welcome
B. do not wear out your welcome
C. an Englishman’s house is his castle
D. as snow in harvest
13.Religious name “John” means () in Chinese.
A.上帝是神圣的
B.约翰
C.上帝的朋友
D.上帝是仁慈的
14.“Oscar” means () in Chinese.
A.奥斯卡
B.天赐之盾
C.天赐之矛
D.天赐之剑
Ⅱ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each
全国2018年1月高等教育自学考试 语言与文化试题 课程代码：00838 Ⅰ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%) 1．“Negro”,once a euphemism for “_______”, is now an offensive racist term.（） A．a black man B．nigger C．an African D．black boy 2．The expression that can be used as the euphemism for “gardener”is “_______”.（） A．landscape architect B．garden designer C．beautician D．botanist 3．I may be back tonight; I’m not sure. _______,just make yourself at home.（） A．However B．Despite this C．Either way D．Still 4．He showed no pleasure at hearing the news. _______ he looked even gloomier.（） A．Alternatively B．I mean C．In addition D．Instead 5．“他住在美国马萨诸塞州剑桥神德街2号”can be translated into _______.（） A．He lives at Divinity Avenue 2, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. B．He lives at Divinity Avenue 2 in Cambridge of Massachusetts, U.S.A. C．He lives at 2 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A. D．He lives in U.S.A, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Divinity Avenue 2. 6．_______ is a weapon name.（） A．Brenda B．Arthur C．Rhoda D．Timothy 7．When receiving a gift, the English speakers normally say_______.（） A．“It’s very nice” B．“Where did you get it? This is really what I want” C．“It must have cost you a lot. Thank you very much” D．“How much is it? Thank you very much” 1
本套题正确率15/168=91% 人类起源非洲假说的语言学分析（一）已完成 1 下列关于人类起源非洲假说的内容中正确的是（）。 ?A、能人走出非洲 ?B、南猿人走出非洲 ?C、元谋人走出非洲 ?D、直立人走出非洲 我的答案：D 2 下列哪一项是人类进化的形态之一？（） ?A、山顶洞人 ?B、智人 ?C、北京人 ?D、元谋人 我的答案：B 3 符号活动出现于（）。 ?A、南猿时期 ?B、直立人时期 ?C、晚期智人 ?D、早期智人 我的答案：C 4 人类起源非洲假说是指人类发源于非洲，然后移动到世界各地。（）我的答案：√ 5 某一人群的mtDNA变异越大，它的群体演化历史越短。（） 我的答案：×
人类起源非洲假说的语言学分析（二）已完成 1 非洲智人最早移动到哪一大洲？（） ?A、北美洲 ?B、南美洲 ?C、亚洲 ?D、澳洲 我的答案：C 2 非洲智人什么时候开始走出非洲？（） ?A、20万年前 ?B、13万年前 ?C、15万年前 ?D、10万年前 我的答案：A 3 下列哪一项事物的出现不能标志着智人具有了一定的符号编码能力？（） ?A、图画 ?B、雕刻 ?C、文字 ?D、瓷器 我的答案：D 4 智人走出非洲有几条路线？（）
?B、2 ?C、3 ?D、4 我的答案：B 5 直立人是语言人，智人不是语言人。（） 我的答案：× 6 人类起源非洲假说为人类的基因和语言研究提供了重要依据。（）我的答案：√ 人类起源非洲假说的语言学分析（三）已完成1 脑容量与语言的关系是（）。 ?A、正相关 ?B、负相关 ?C、没关系 ?D、不确定 我的答案：A 2 方言的形成有几种方式？（）
语言与文化 一、单选题（题数：40，共40.0 分） 1被称作“美国人类学之父”的是()。（1.0分） A、索绪尔 B、洪堡特 C、康托尔 D、鲍亚士 正确答案：D 2 “名无固宜,约之以命。约定俗成谓之宜,异于约则谓之不宜。”出自哪位文学家?()（1.0分） A、荀子 B、孔子 C、孟子 D、老子 正确答案：A 3 ()是西藏那曲中“曲”的藏语含义。（1.0分） A、湖泊 B、河流
D、山峰 正确答案：B 4 “包氏父子”属于哪种所指关系?()（1.0分） A、无限集 B、空集 C、不定集 D、有限集 正确答案：D 5 ()是英语、汉语、傣语的亲属称谓中都有区分的语义特征。（1.0分） A、血缘 B、长幼 C、远近 D、性别 正确答案：A 6首先发现了最大序数悖论的数学家是()。（1.0分）
B、布拉里·福蒂 C、华罗庚 D、塞万提斯 正确答案：A 7语言起源的多元论指的是早期智人第几次走出非洲?()（1.0分） A、第四次 B、第三次 C、第二次 D、第一次 正确答案：C 8我国哪位思想家提出过符号任意性原则?()（1.0分） A、孔子 B、孟子 C、老子 D、荀子 正确答案：D
9自相论认为语言系统体现了人类什么能力?()（1.0分） A、语言能力 B、后天经验能力 C、语言能力和后天经验能力的交互作用。 D、遗传 正确答案：C 10 “语言是有限规则和单位生成无限的句子”这句话出自于哪位语言学家?()（1.0分） A、索绪尔 B、洪堡特 C、乔姆斯基 D、韩里德 正确答案：C 11智人走出非洲称为()。（1.0分） A、第一次走出非洲 B、第二次走出非洲 C、第三次走出非洲 D、第四次走出非洲
浙江省2018年7月自学考试语言与文化真题 课程代码：10058 I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which one of the four alternatives best completes the statement (20%). 1. ______ refers to a member of the parts of the Christian Church which separated from the Roman Catholic Church during the 16th century.( ) A. Protestant B. Rabbi C. Christian D. Puritan 2. English babies may be ______ to show respect or to honor them. ( ) A. named after grandparents B. named after famous historical events C. named after their birth place D. named after their birth date 3. The two persons who have been introduced to each other normally say to each other: “______.”( ) A. How are you B. How is everything C. How do you do D. Hello 4. Trinity refers to union in one Godhead of three persons, Father, Son and ______.( ) A. Puritan B. God C. Holy ghost D. Ghost 5. In English speaking countries, expensive gifts will ______. ( ) A. make them uncomfortable for they will not know how to return the kindness B. make them very happy for they think they are highly valued C. make them very surprised for they will not know how to use it 1
《语言与文化》复习资料答案 I. 1—10 DDDBA DCBCC 11—20 BBBBA BDCAC 21—25 AAAAC II. 1. CD 2. AD 3. CD 4. ABD 5. ABCD III. 1—10 FTFTF FTTFT 11—20 FTTFF TFTTF 21—25 TFTTT IV 1. accenting 2. Hypotactic 3. After you 4. contact 5. Ex cuse me 6. hypotactic 7. It’s my pleasure 8. environmentalism 9. Paratactic 10. Chronemics 11. softening words 12. nuclear V. 1.culture:文化.Culture is the unique style and custom, which a nation forms in the history of its own development. https://www.doczj.com/doc/3e14780854.html,munication:交际．Communication may be defined as that which happens whenever someone responds to the behavior or the residue of the behavior of another person. 3.one-way communication:单向交际．Communication without feedback is called one-way communication. 4. communicative competence 交际能力 The ability to behave appropriately and effectively by verbal and / or nonverbal means to achieve intended results at a given time, in a give place, in a given communication event, and towards a given person or persons.
??????????????????????精品自学考试资料推荐?????????????????? 浙江省 2018 年 4 月自学考试语言与文化试卷 课程代码： 10058 Ⅰ. Multiple choice (24%) Directions: Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. 1. The relationship between language and culture is that ________.( ) A. the former determines the latter B. the latter determines the former C. the two are parallel D. the two interact 2. While “ handsome woman” and “ pretty woman ” are both acceptable, they suggest different kinds of attractiveness because of the ________ associations of these two objectives.( ) A. collocative B. affective C. connotative D. thematic 3. A young man or young woman who rejects authority, existing institutions and conventional attitudes towards morality, style of dress is called________.( ) A. hippie B. knight C. koala D. poke 4. A fortified place occupied only by army or a fortified trading post is called ________.( ) A. castle B. fort C. lynch D. terrapin 5. Pork, mutton and beef are loan words from ________. ( ) A. French B. Latin C. Indian D. English 6.English is often referred to as a ________ language because it relies heavily on conjunctions to indicate the relationship between linguistic units. ( ) A. paratactic B. branching C. hypotactic D. linear 7. Religious name “John” means ________ in Chinese. ( ) A. 上帝是神圣的 B. 约翰 1
福师《语言与文化》在线作业一 一、单选题（共 35 道试题，共 70 分。） V 1. In deciding_______a course of action, the candidates tried to estimate its likely impact on the voters． A. what to pursue B. which to pursue C. whether to pursue D. if to pursue 满分：2 分 C 2. It is only recently _________astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. A. when B. so that C. that D. which 满分：2 分 C 3. Mass advertising helped to____the emphasis from the production of goods to their consumption. A. vary B. shift C. lay D. moderate
满分：2 分 B 4. Some nonverbal messages are consistent with accompanying verbal message, which is the____function of nonverbal message. A. complementing B. contradicting C. regulating D. accenting 满分：2 分 A 5. Some research workers completely____all those facts as though they never existed . A. ignore B. leave C. refuse D. miss 满分：2 分 A 6. Jack is late again. It is ___ of him to keep others waiting. A. normal B. ordinary C. common D. typical 满分：2 分 D 7. Language is an instrument used in the( )of thought.
语言与文化 一、单选题（题数：40，共分） 1被称作“美国人类学之父”的是()。（分） A、索绪尔 B、洪堡特 C、康托尔 D、鲍亚士 正确答案： D 2 “名无固宜,约之以命。约定俗成谓之宜,异于约则谓之不宜。”出自哪位文学家()（分） A、荀子 B、孔子 C、孟子 D、老子 正确答案： A 3 ()是西藏那曲中“曲”的藏语含义。（分） A、湖泊 B、河流 C、丘陵 D、山峰 正确答案： B 4 “包氏父子”属于哪种所指关系()（分） A、无限集 B、空集 C、不定集 D、有限集 正确答案： D 5 ()是英语、汉语、傣语的亲属称谓中都有区分的语义特征。（分） A、血缘 B、长幼 C、远近 D、性别 正确答案： A
6首先发现了最大序数悖论的数学家是()。（分） A、康托尔 B、布拉里·福蒂 C、华罗庚 D、塞万提斯 正确答案： A 7语言起源的多元论指的是早期智人第几次走出非洲()（分） A、第四次 B、第三次 C、第二次 D、第一次 正确答案： C 8我国哪位思想家提出过符号任意性原则()（分） A、孔子 B、孟子 C、老子 D、荀子 正确答案： D 9自相论认为语言系统体现了人类什么能力()（分） A、语言能力 B、后天经验能力 C、语言能力和后天经验能力的交互作用。 D、遗传 正确答案： C 10 “语言是有限规则和单位生成无限的句子”这句话出自于哪位语言学家()（分） A、索绪尔 B、洪堡特 C、乔姆斯基 D、韩里德 正确答案： C 11智人走出非洲称为()。（分） A、第一次走出非洲 B、第二次走出非洲
C、第三次走出非洲 D、第四次走出非洲 正确答案： B 12在语言中形成的最为高级的语言是什么()（分） A、符号 B、英语 C、汉语 D、数学 正确答案： D 13 ()是指由词演变成词组的过程。（分） A、虚化 B、语法化 C、词汇化 D、组合 正确答案： C 14下列哪类人的进化程度更高()（分） A、北京人 B、元谋人 C、山顶洞人 D、蓝田人 正确答案： C 15沃尔夫的()观点认为“同一个物理证据,并不是所有的观察者都得到相同的宇宙图式,除非他们的语言背景相同或相似。”（分） A、语言共相论 B、语言相对论 C、语言自相论 D、文化相对论 正确答案： B 16茶马古道路过的中甸是现在的()地区。（分） A、丽江束河镇 B、香格里拉 C、西藏那曲 D、云南大理
浙江省2018年7月自学考试语言与文化试题 课程代码：10058 I. Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which one of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%) 1. In English, “sdylh”is not a possible word and “green made he”is not an acceptable sentence. It proves that language is ________. ( ) A. arbitrary B. systematic C. symbolic D. vocal 2. The Chinese equivalent for “Housewarming”is ________. ( ) A. 温室效应 B. 温暖的房屋 C. 乔迁喜宴 D. 房屋供暖 3. The word in British English for “tire”is ________. ( ) A. wheel B. bore C. tyre D. tier 4. The English name “Camellia”is related to ________. ( ) A. Christianity B. plant C. weapon D. knowledge 5. ________ can represent the geographical aspects of culture. ( ) A. Koala B. Cowboy C. Queen D. Hot dog 6. If a student wants to express his gratitude for professor’s help, he can say ________. ( ) A. “I am so sorry that I am wasting your time.” B. “I hope I didn’t disturb you.” C. “Don’t you mind I disturb you?” D. “Thank you so much. I really appreciate your help.” 7. When an Englishman says “I was only pulling your leg”, he means ________. ( ) A. I was only trying to prevent you from making progress. B. I was only warning you. C. I was only joking. D. I was only asking you for help. 8. The first week day after Christmas, a legal holiday in England, Wales, Northern Ireland, New Zealand, Australia and South Africa, is called ________. ( ) A. Boxing Day B. Easter C. Thanksgiving Day D. St. Valentine’s Day
论述题（10*10=100） 1：试论述生产文化的地域性 2：怎样理解生活文化的地域性 3：影响物质文化地域性的因素有哪些？ 4：怎样理解语言与地理、社会环境的关系？ 5：地名的主要性能（性质和职能）是什么？地名景观的种类有哪几种？ 6：宗教与地理环境存在什么样的关系？ 7：你对文学的地域差异及与地理环境的关系有怎样的理解？ 8：文化生态学： 9：怎样理解文化发展与自然环境间的关系 10：应用文化生态学研究文化地理学问题应注意些什么（简答） 1：（1）农业文化具有地域性，世界农业文化文化区的存在就是农业文化区域性的充分表现。根据其鲜明的地域特点，分布上可分为热带雨林农业文化区、草原农业文化区、干旱沙漠农业区文化区等8大农业文化区。（2）工业产业文化的地域性，一般遵循工业产业分布的特点和区域差异。由于不同的工业生产的所要 求的各类要素的配置不一样，所以工业产业就形成了明显的的地区差异。此外，特定时期的国家政策也会对工业生产的布局带来影响。 2：主要可以分为衣、食、住三个方面进行分析。 （1）服饰文化：在衣着方式、制衣布料、服饰色彩、服装形态等方面都有鲜明的地域性。如制衣布料，因其衣料资源的分布差异，早期的地区差异明显：中国广泛使用丝绸，南亚多用黄麻，靠近北极都用兽毛衣料。
（2）饮食文化：在食物原料、烹饪等方面，区域间都出现了差异。因各地食材不同，人们口味不一，形成了“南甜北咸”的八大菜系。 （3）居住文化：区域差异主要体现在建筑风格、建筑材料和居住形式。因地域气候、资源等自然条件不用，就形成了口袋房、四合院、洞穴式、干栏式等风格形式的建筑。 3：（1）自然因素：主要指自然地理环境：气候通过对生产、生活各个方面的影响而形成与各地气候条件相符的物质文化;地形和水文因素对于生产和生活方式有重要影响；而地质和生物对居住文化、交通运输、饮食结构都有一定影响。 （2）社会、人文因素：首先经济条件决定了物质文化的内容、发展的水平和方向，其变化还影响着居住文化；再者民族文化与宗教信仰对信仰宗教的民族的物质文化有重要影响；其次文化交流、民族交往可以使个民族、各地区的物质文化相互交融和吸纳。 4：语言的产生、发展和演变，以及分布格局等于地理环境及社会环境之间存在着密不可分的关系。 （1）环境与语言的产生：首先语言中的词汇受环境的影响的最大、最直接；其次，环境过语言来作用于语音，地理环境的不同造成人心理上、生理上的差异，从而引起人语音、声调以及表达感情方式的不尽相同；环境还对语言的语法产生有影响，环境塑造出的民族心态会在语法上体现。 （2）环境对语言插播、演进的影响：语言自身的发展深受自然环境和社会历史条件变化的影响。自然环境条件的差异往往会促进或阻碍语言的传播，从未形成了方言;而人文环境的对语言的影响主要体现在：行政区域、移民、国家政策及经济水平等因素对语言发展的强烈影响。行政区域的划分和建制往往对语言的传播扩散骑着决定性作用。国家的方针则往往通过影响移民来影响语言的扩散。 5：地名的主要性能是：社会性、历史性、文物性、指位性、地域性、稳定性、可变性和衍生性。地名景观的种类：山水地名（赤峰、华山）、示位地名（山南水北为阳，衡阳）、寄意地名（西安、宝鸡）、特产地名（盐城）、民
都可以看作是一种特殊世界观的承担者。观点认为“每一个人，不管什么语言，洪堡特的（）分）（1.0 1.0 分 、A ? 文化相对论、B ? 语言共相论、C ? 语言自相论、D ?语言相对论正确答案：D 我的答案：D 2 （），茶马互市开始形成。（1.0 分） 0.0 分 A 、? 宋明 B、? 汉朝 C、?清朝、D ? 唐朝B 正确答案：3 分）语言是一个群体的（）的记录者。（1.0 1.0 分、A ? 思维模式、B ?
思维方法、C ? 思维轨迹、D ? 思维能力正确答案：A 我的答案：A 4 饮茶的三个层次不包括（）。（1.0 分） 1.0 分 A 、? 沏茶 喝茶、C ? 侍茶、D ? 品茶A A 我的答案：正确答案： 5 1.0 分）保护民族语言的前提是（）。（1.0 孤立民族语言、B ? 废除汉语、C ? 汉语是全民族的通用语、D ? 田野调查 正确答案：C 我的答案：C 分）1.0 在《诗经》中，共有（）个韵部分、A ? 6
1.0 分 、A ? 10、B ? 20、C ? 30、D ? 40 正确答案：C 我的答案：C 7 既包括语言文化相对论，也包括生成语法是（）的语言学观点。（1.0 分） 1.0 分 A 、? 布龙菲尔德 B、? 萨丕尔 C、? 洪堡特 D 、? 乔姆斯基 C 我的答案：正确答案：C 8 分）在所有语言中，（）被认为是最为高级的语言。（1.0 1.0 分 、A ? 汉语、B ? 日语
、C ? 英语、D ? 数学正确答案：D 我的答案：D 9 “语言是一种创造性的活动”是()对语言还原生成能力的阐述。 1.0 分） 1.0 分 A 、? 洪堡特 B、? 萨丕尔 菲尔墨、D ? 索绪尔A 我的答案：A 正确答案：10 1.0 ()最早提岀语言转向一说。()(分)1.0 分、A ? 乔姆斯基、B ? 萨丕尔、C ? 维特根斯坦、D ? 索绪尔正确答案：C 我的答案：C 11 下列选项中，思维的层面不包括() 。(1.0 分) 思维能力、B ? 思维方法、C ? 1.0 分
Quiz for non-English Majors in Culture Class This quiz is for the students from the English Language & Culture class hosted by Sun Xiaolong. * Vocabulary and Structure 1. There were also famous and very smart masterminds in the history of the western world, as in the sayings like: (Key: B, Points: 2) A: Even Athena sometimes makes mistakes. B: Even Homer sometimes nod. C: Athena even sometimes make mistakes. D: Homer even sometimes nods. 2. Places of the ancient Greek civilization include ___________ (Key: A, Points: 2) A: Crete, Ithaca, Mycenae B: Egypt, Greece, Rome C: Crete, Troy, Egypt D: Egypt, Troy, Asia Minor 3. "_________" is the word we use today to say the world sports games held once in four years. (Key: B, Points: 2) A: Olympus B: Olympiad C: Olympian D: Olympia 4. "________________" is a creative problem solving competition involving students from kindergarten through college. (Key: A, Points: 2) A: Odyssey of the Mind B: Mental Journey C: Mental Way D: Way of the Mind 5. There are two morphemes in the word "Pantheon", "pan-" as also in "________" and "theo-" as also in "____________". (Key: C, Points: 2) A: pants, theory B: Pandora, theology C: pan-America, theology D: pan-Pacific, thermometer 6. He would have made a good pilot but his drinking habit was his _____________. (Key: D, Points: 2) A: Hector's tendon
2018年10月高等教育自学考试《语言与文化》试题 课程代码：00838 I. Each of the statements is followed by four alternatives. Read following incomplete each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement. (20%) 1. Without the emergence of man would remain what he was one or two million years ago. A.culture B. speech C. language D. thinking 2. When we say that language is , we mean that the language is rule governed. A.systematic B. arbitrary C. vocal D. symbolic 3. The relationship between a word and an object in the real world to which the word refers is the meaning of the word. A. connotative B. social C. affective D. conceptual 4. If an entry in a dictionary consists of two or more words, it will be treated as a A. phrase B. clause C. compound D. sentence 5. The following Chinese sentences are implicit passive sentences EXCEPT A．花晒着太阳了。B．红旗被插上了井冈山。 C．湿衣服吹吹风，干得快。D．道路加宽了，立交桥也修起来了。 6. The following sentences have hypotactic relations EXCEPT" " A. Bread and butter is my favoufite breakfast B. The man ran away when he saw the dog C. John loves Mary and Mary loves John, too D. He bought tea, coffee, eggs, milk, etc 7. "Flora" is a quite common English name. It belongs to names. A. religious B. weapon C. flower D. knowledge 8. In English speaking countries some elderly persons may use" "as a vocative to address a young lad without meaning to offend. A. son B. lad C. man D. buddy 9. The meaning of the idiom "the cat's got your tongue" is" " A. you're joking B. you're clumsy C. you're very quiet D. you're angry 10. The sentence "她是个王熙凤式的人物" uses an allusion from a Chinese literary work A. Three Kingdoms B. Dream of Red Mansions C. Water Margin D. Pilgrimage to the West 11. In the sentence "Bring the child down to me for a formight. I have a huge old garden where he can be as free as a bird", the tenor is A. a bird B. a fortnight C. a huge old garden D. the child 12. In the following metaphorical expressions," " shows ideas are food.
尔雅-语言与文化答案
本套题正确率15/168=91% 人类起源非洲假说的语言学分析（一）已完成 1 下列关于人类起源非洲假说的内容中正确的是（）。 ?A、能人走出非洲 ?B、南猿人走出非洲 ?C、元谋人走出非洲 ?D、直立人走出非洲 我的答案：D 2 下列哪一项是人类进化的形态之一？（） ?A、山顶洞人 ?B、智人 ?C、北京人 ?D、元谋人 我的答案：B 3 符号活动出现于（）。 ?A、南猿时期 ?B、直立人时期 ?C、晚期智人 ?D、早期智人 我的答案：C 4 人类起源非洲假说是指人类发源于非洲，然后移动到世界各地。（） 我的答案：√
5 某一人群的mtDNA变异越大，它的群体演化历史越短。（） 我的答案：×
人类起源非洲假说的语言学分析（二）已完成 1 非洲智人最早移动到哪一大洲？（） ?A、北美洲 ?B、南美洲 ?C、亚洲 ?D、澳洲 我的答案：C 2 非洲智人什么时候开始走出非洲？（） ?A、20万年前 ?B、13万年前 ?C、15万年前 ?D、10万年前 我的答案：A 3 下列哪一项事物的出现不能标志着智人具有了一定的符号编码能力？（） ?A、图画
?B、雕刻 ?C、文字 ?D、瓷器 我的答案：D 4 智人走出非洲有几条路线？（） ?A、1 ?B、2 ?C、3 ?D、4 我的答案：B 5 直立人是语言人，智人不是语言人。（） 我的答案：× 6 人类起源非洲假说为人类的基因和语言研究提供了重要依据。（） 我的答案：√ 人类起源非洲假说的语言学分析（三）已完成
1 脑容量与语言的关系是（）。 ?A、正相关 ?B、负相关 ?C、没关系 ?D、不确定 我的答案：A 2 方言的形成有几种方式？（） ?A、3 ?B、2 ?C、4 ?D、5 我的答案：B 3 （）对我国南方汉语方言的形成起了不可估量的作用。 ?A、语言接触 ?B、语言融合
全国高等教育自学考试语言与文化试题课程代 码 Company number：【0089WT-8898YT-W8CCB-BUUT-202108】
全国2001年10月高等教育自学考试 语言与文化试题 课程代码：00838 Ⅰ.Each of the following incomplete statements is followed by four alternatives. Read each statement and the four alternatives carefully and decide which of the four alternatives best completes the statement.(20%) is ________.( ) product of the human brain governed of culture result of social institutions is a loan word from ________. South Africa, Australia and New Zealand the first week day after Christmas is ________.( ) Day Day 's Day bun or bread roll containing fried or grilled steak is called .( ) dog the following words,________ contains a derivational morpheme. the following statements,________ is not true.( ) A.“English is a language with explicit grammar and Chinese is a language with implicit grammar.” B.“Compared with Chinese, English has more grammatical morphemes that are used more frequently in either speech or writing.” C.“Chinese has no grammatical morphemes.” D.“Grammatical explicitness and consistency are required in English.” can often find personal names in English that are related to .( ) events phenomena figures place of birth is a ________.( ) name name
计算机文化基础考试试题含答案 一、单选题（每小题 1 分，共 30 分） 1.在Word的编辑状态，当前文档中有一个表格，选定列后，单击表格菜单中" 删除列 " 命令后（）。 A.表格中的内容全部被删除，但表格还存在 B.表格和内容全部被删除 C.表格被删除，但表格中的内容未被删除 D.表格中插入点所在的列被删除 2.十进制数 8000 转换为等值的八进制数是（）。 A.571 （ O ） B.57100（O） C.175 （O ） D.17500（O） 3.下列设备中，既能向主机输入数据又能接受主机输出数据的是（）。 A. 显示器 B. 扫描仪 C. 磁盘存储器 D. 音响设备 4.下列操作中，（）不能关闭 FrontPage 应用程序。 A. 单击“关闭”按钮 B. 单击“文件”菜单中的“退出” C. 单击“文件”菜单中的“关闭” D. 双击标题栏左边的控制菜单框 5.在 Excel 清单中，（）。 A. 只能将标题行冻结 B. 可以将任意的列或行冻结 C. 可以将 A 列和 1、 2 、3 行同时冻结 D. 可以将任意的单元格冻结 6. CRT 显示器的像素光点直径有多种规格，下列直径中显示质量最好的是（）mm。 A.0.39 B.0.33 C.0.31 D.0.28 7.软盘不加写保护，对它可以进行的操作是（）。 A. 只能读盘，不能写盘 B. 只能写盘，不能读盘 C. 既能读盘，又能写盘 D. 不能读盘，也不能写盘 8.软件与程序的区别是（）。 A.程序价格便宜、软件价格昂贵 B.程序是用户自己编写的，而软件是由厂家提供的 C.程序是用高级语言编写的，而软件是由机器语言编写的 D. 软件是程序以及开发、使用和维护所需要的所有文档的总称, 而程序是软件的一部分 9.微型计算机中使用的人事档案管理系统，属下列计算机应用中的（）。