语法填空专题教案
一、教学目标：
1. 让学生了解语法填空题考察内容；
2. 让学生掌握语法填空题解题技巧；
3. 让学生注意平常对词汇的积累，大量阅读课外材料，培养词感和语感，加强基本功；并注意生活常识的积累。
二、教学重点：
总结语法填空题的解题技巧
三、教学难点：
学生掌握语法填空题的解题技巧
四、教学过程
Step1: Lead-in( 导入)
Step2: 语法填空题考察内容和解题思路
1. 考察内容：
a.语境(上下文）；
b.语法：动词（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式）、名词、代词、冠
词、介词、连词固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较
级最高级及构词法、倒装等。
2. 解题思路：
a. 纯空格填空：一般考察介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，强调助动词等
b. 给出提示词填空：谓语动词和非谓语动词（前者要考虑时态和语态以及主谓一致；后者主要是to do, doing,done及变形）
c.词类转换题（名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级，词义的否定）
Step3: 案例分析讲解与练习
解题高招
1. 通读全文，把握大意。
2. 结合语境，试填空格。
具体来说，可按设题类型分为三类情况：
(1)纯空格试题的解题技巧。
技巧1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。如：
[例1] when I told my parents my story, ____ didn’t think it was a mistake.技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词，形容词性物主代词，名词所有格，基数词，序数词，不定代词)，很可能是填限定词。如：
[例2]The young man went home with a happy heart. After the student left, the teacher let _______ student taste the water.
技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。
[例3]My parents took good care ___ me.
技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。
[例4]…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso ___34___ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars.
技巧5：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。
[例5] He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ______ bring home a regular salary.
技巧6：定语从句缺主语或宾语，一定是填适当的关系词，如：who, that, which, whom。
[例6]He would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child _______ had put it there.
技巧7：由特殊的句式结构或固定搭配来判断空格应填的词。
[例7]_____ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG(味精).
(2) 给出提示词填空的解题技巧
首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之
是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。[例8] That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, _________(close) my book and walked away.
技巧9：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用doing形式，done形式，还是to do 形式。非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。
[例9] The headmaster went into the lab, ________(follow) by the foreign guests.
(3)词类转换题的解题技巧
技巧10：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。如：
[例10] Teachers must try their best to make most of their students
________ (interest) in the subject
技巧11：作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。如：
[例11] When China’s ancient scientific and technological ________ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.
技巧12：在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。[例12] …the remains date from this period because of their ______ (similar) to those found elsewhere. (2008年广州二模)
技巧13：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。如：[例13] As I looked ______ (close) at this girl, I fount t hat…
技巧14：括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un—, im—等，在词根后加—less等。如：
[例14] People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is ________ (use). 3. 重读全文，解决难题。
在解题过程中要先易后难，难题在大部分空格填好后，再经过仔细推敲，难题也就不会再难了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。
Step 4:高考真题演练
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料，用不多于1个单词的正确形式填空
Yangshuo,China
It was raining lightly when I__61__(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours__62__, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __63_(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.
I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River_64__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _65__(painting). Instead, I ‘d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away__66_ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
Yangshuo__67__(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers_68__(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it___(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people_70__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.
Step 5 Homework
最新高考英语考前冲刺语法填空短文改错精准训练历年语法填空真题20套Passage 1(2019课标全国I) The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 1 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 2 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modem methods 3 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 4 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 5 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 6 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 7 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 8 (high) than they actually are. Of 9 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 10 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ? 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. ? 答案： 1 that 2 poorly 3 of/for 4 to perform 5 have reported
高考英语语法填空真题 Passage 1 (2015?新课标全国Ⅰ) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yangshuo，China It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours __2__，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__ (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain. I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 【语篇导读】 桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。 1.解析：考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。 答案arrived 2.解析：考查副词的用法。由语境可知，几个小时之前我还在香港的家中，由此可知before/earlier 符合句意。 答案before/earlier 3.解析：考查形容词性物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词smog，故要使用形容词性物主代词。
高考英语语法填空真题及 答案 The document was prepared on January 2, 2021
历年高考语法填空真题 1. （2017全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 2. （2017全国Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day. Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
语法填空专题教案 一、教学目标： 1.让学生了解语法填空题考察内容； 2.让学生掌握语法填空题解题技巧； 3.让学生注意平常对词汇的积累，大量阅读课外材料，培养词感和语感，加强基本功；并注意生活常识的积累。 二、教学重点： 总结语法填空题的解题技巧 三、教学难点： 学生掌握语法填空题的解题技巧 四、教学过程 Step1:Lead-in(导入) Step2:语法填空题考察内容和解题思路 1.考察内容： a.语境(上下文）； b.语法：动词（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式）、名词、代词、冠 词、介词、连词固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较 级最高级及构词法、倒装等。 2.解题思路： a. 纯空格填空：一般考察介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，强调助动词等 b.给出提示词填空：谓语动词和非谓语动词（前者要考虑时态和语态以及主谓一致；后者主要是to do,doing,done及变形） c.词类转换题（名词，形容词，副词，形容词或副词的比较级或最高级，词义的否定） Step3:案例分析讲解与练习 解题高招 1. 通读全文，把握大意。 2. 结合语境，试填空格。
具体来说，可按设题类型分为三类情况： (1)纯空格试题的解题技巧。 技巧1：缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。如： [例1] when I told my parents my story, ____ didn’t think it was a mistake.技巧2：名词前面，若没有限定词(冠词，形容词性物主代词，名词所有格，基数词，序数词，不定代词)，很可能是填限定词。如： [例2]The young man went home with a happy heart. After the student left, the teacher let _______ student taste the water. 技巧3：句子不缺主语、表语、动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填介词。 [例3]My parents took good care ___ me. 技巧4：若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。 [例4]…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso ___34___ Candido Portinari, which are worth millions of dollars. 技巧5：若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do, does, did等)。 [例5] He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ______ bring home a regular salary. 技巧6：定语从句缺主语或宾语，一定是填适当的关系词，如：who, that, which, whom。 [例6]He would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and remember the love of this beautiful child _______ had put it there. 技巧7：由特殊的句式结构或固定搭配来判断空格应填的词。 [例7]_____ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat MSG(味精). (2) 给出提示词填空的解题技巧 首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。技巧8：若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之
一 第二节语法填空(共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分15 分) Once there lived a rich man 31 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 32 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 33 very large stone. Then he 34 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow. “Who put this stone in the centre of the road? ”said the d o i l d d n m o a t n t r,y b t u o t r h e e m o v e the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 35 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 36 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 37 (say) to himself: “Thenight 38 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone. ”Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 39 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 40 the stone, he found a bag of money. 第二节语法填空 31. who 32. But 33. a 34. hid 35. Another 36. it 37. saying 38. will be 39. strength 40. Under 二 第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题 1.5分，满分15分） The Internet is an amazing information resource. Students, teachers, and researchers use it as __31_ investigative tool. Journalists use it to find information for stories. Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the 32_ (late) medical development. Ordinary people use it for shopping, banking, bill-paying, and communicating with family and friends. People all over the world use it to connect with individuals from _33 countries and cultures. However, __34____there are many positive developments __35__ (associate) with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns. __36___ concern relates to a lack of control over__37__ appears on the Internet. With television and radio there are editors to check the accuracy or appropriateness of the content of programs, and with television there are 38 (restrict) on what kinds of programs can __39__ (broadcast) and at what times of the day. With the Internet, parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable __40____ their children to see. 第二节语法填空（共10 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分15 分） 31. an 32. latest 33.other/different 34. while 35.associated 36. One 37. what 38. restrictions 39. be broadcast(ed) 40.for 三 第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分) Crying marriage? 31 (surprise), isn ’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China ’Ssichuan Province, and 32 (remain) in fashion 33 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure. It is very much 35 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 36 , the bride ’nesighbors would look down upon 37 as a
2014-2019高考语法填空真题 1. (2019全国卷I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence ___61___ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods ___63___ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ___64___(perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ___65___(report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___67___(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ___68___(high) than they actually are. Of ___69___ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____70____(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 2. (2018全国卷II)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year” for ___61___(be)Britain’s oldest full-time employee —still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, ___62___ she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have ___63___(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene ___64___(declare) she had no plans ___65___(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, ___67___ because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call ___68___(say) she was short-listed, we thought it was ___69___ joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s ____70____(wonder).” 3. (2018全国卷III)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On our way to the house, it was raining ___61___ hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take ___62___(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
全国语法填空 两种题型三个思路 虚词考点：一般考点为冠词、介词、连词 纯空格语法填空（共 3 小 题） 词法考点：主要考查名词、代词、数词、形容词和副词等， 解题思路一般是“词类转换”或“适当形式”。 单词的适当形式填空（共 7 小题，每空不超过 3 个 句法考点：主要考查名词单复数形式、形容词（副词）比较 单词） 等级、动词时态语态、非谓语形式等。 题型解读：几种题型？ 1.无提示词，共小题。一般考点为、、、 等虚词。 2.单词的适当形式填空（共小题，每空不超过个单词）。 主要考查名词形式、形容词和副词的、 动词的、和等。 无提示词（三空） 1.Tom is 18-year-old boy. 2.Teachers are very friendly us. 3.We had to put off the sports meeting it rained heavily. 4.My sister is good at English, she is weak in math. 5.Jim works hard, he gets good grades. 无提示词（三空 1、名词前一般用（特别注意元音音素开头的名词）或。 2、并例的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间设空，一般填入连词，表并例用，表选择用，表转折用，表原因用，表结果用 3.介词固定搭配需牢记。 二、提示词为动词： 1.Mary (read) the book since three o’clock. 2.The room (clean) yesterday. 3.They went to the country (have) a picnic. 4. (eat) more vegetables is good for our health. 5.Jim practices (run) every day. 6.We need something (drink). 7.It ’s important for us (learn) English well. 8.My mother made me (do) the dishes last night. 9.I saw him (watch) TV when I came into the room. 10.I was (surprise) when I heard the news. 11.Most people like (interest) stories. 12.They jumped up and down in (excite
学习-----好资料 2014--2017高考全国卷语法填空真题 1. (2017全国I)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical commun(医学界) __________ 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart diseas—the very thi ng the medical com mun ity was tryi ng to fight. Fat and salt are very importa nt parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 ______________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that someth ing miss ing. Eve n 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat tha n they n eed in their diet. Havi ng eno ugh fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to sn ack(吃点心) betwee n meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, ______ 70 is not good for the health. 2. (2017全国U)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的 正确形式。 In 1863 the first un dergro und passe nger railway in the world ope ned in London .It ran for just un der seve n kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61_(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and _________________ 2__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an in terest ing method. This in cluded digg ing up the road, 63_ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had bee n done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines ____ 65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been _ 66__(fair) un pleasa nt for the passe ngers, with all the smoke and no ise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and withi n six mon ths, more tha n 25,000 people were using __ 67__ every day. Later, engin eers ___ 68 (man age) to con struct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道)，which became known to the tube. This development was only possible 更多精品文档 学习-----好资料
高考题型语法填空解题技巧 Teaching aims 1. Enable the students to know about the characteristics of the Grammatical cloze. 2. Master some skills to deal with it. Step1 Teaching tasks Task 1: Brief Introduction Task 2: Discover Some Skills Task 3: Exploration Practice Step 2 Type characteristics 一篇200 字左右的短文或对话
3-4 个空白根据上下文填写空白处所需内容 6-7 个根据给出单词的正确形式填空 （不多于三个单词） 能力考查： 理解语篇、句子结构、 运用语法、单词拼写 语法填空题—空格设计 纯空格 有提示词 Step4 The skills 一、纯空格试题的解题技巧 1. when I told my parents my story, didn’t think it was a mistake. 2. Sir, the water is awful. Why did you pretend to like
? 技巧1：主句缺主语或宾语，填代词或名词（多考代词）。 1. I forgot to look at bus route when I got on. 2. I was fresh out of graduate school starting my first semester at university. 3. After the student left, the teacher let student taste the water. 技巧2：名词前是空格，若该名词前无限定词，则很可能是填限定词，即冠词，形容词性物主代词，名词所有格，基数词，序数词,量词或some, any, other(s), another 等。 1. My parents took good care me.
历年高考语法填空真题 1. （2017全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 2. （2017全国Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day. Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 3. （2017全国Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 ________ (rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 __________ model in New Y ork. Sarah 63 __________ (tell) that she could be Britain?s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65_________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66_________ (educate). She has turned down several 67_______ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a