省略句练习与答案
自我检测
1. －What’s the matter with John?
－He didn’t pass the test but he still____.
A. hopes so
B. hopes to
C. hopes it
D. hopes that
2. －She must look like a very pretty girl.
－Yes, I imagine__________.
A. to
B. that
C. it
D. so
3. This is an illness that can result in total blindness__________ left untreated.
A. after
B. if
C. since
D. unless
4. －What will John Smith be doing in the fall of this year?
－_________ mathematics at a high school.
A. Teaching
B. To teach
C. Be teaching
D. Teac
5. －Better not have the operation right now.
－________.
A. I mustn’t
B. I shouldn’t
C. I won’t
D. I can’t
6. －Will you go to the party?
－Of course I will if_________.
A. I was invited
B. invited
C. having invited
D. I will be invited
7. The special medicine for the disease was difficult to find though________ everywhere.
A. sought
B. having sought
C. being sought
D. having been sought
8. Taking such kind of medicine, if _______ , will possibly do you great harm.
A. continue
B. to continue
C. continued
D. continuing
9. He is not easy to get along with, but the friendship of his, _________, will last forever.
A. once gained
B. to be gained
C. after gained
D. while gaining
10. －Don’t forget to take the message to my teacher.
－_________.
A. Yes, I will
B. No, I won’t
C. I don’t think so
D. Sorry, I don’t
11. The road is designed for only motor vehicles, so once________, bicycles are not allowed to go along it.
A. opens
B. having opened
C. opening
D. opened
12. The teacher told us not to take the equipment out of the laboratory until_________.
A. allowing to take
B. allowing to
C. allowed to be taken
D. allowed to
13. －Will you go home tomorrow evening?
－No, I am going to a lect ure, or at least, I’m planning________.
A. so
B. to
C. it
D. that
14. Would you read my letter and correct the mistakes if________?
A. some
B. ever
C. any
D. never
15. When________ where he was born, the old man was afraid to give his address.
A. asking
B. asked
C. was asked
D. ask
16. Don’t speak to anyone when you are in a strange situation unless________.
A. you will be spoken
B. you speak to
C. spoken to
D. you spoken to
17. －Will the Smiths be going abroad this summer?
－No, they finally decided_________.
A. not to be
B. not to do
C. not going
D. not to
18. －How do you think Mary managed to improve her French in such a short time?
－_________ 4 hours on it every morning.
A. Because of spending
B. By spending
C. Spent
D. To spend
19. “If”, he added at the meeting, “________ enough time, we would certainly have done it better.”
A. given
B. to be given
C. give
D. giving
20. If you talk to these senior students, you will find that they have much greater knowledge than commonly_________.
A. supposing
B. supposed
C. to suppose
D. suppose
一、高考链接
1. — You haven't lost the ticket, have you?
— _________. I know it's not easy to get another one at the moment.（2004江苏）
A. I hope not
B. Yes, I have
C. I hope so
D. Yes, I’m afraid so
【解析】A. 用so，not或其它手段来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句义，是高考的常考项目。本题就是考查这一考点，根据句意，选A。
译文：—你的票没有丢掉，是吗？
—我希望没有，我知道此刻要再搞到一张是不容易的。
2. When help, one often says “ Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”（2005福建）
A. offering
B. to offer
C. to be offered
D. offered
【解析】D. 本题是高考中常考的又一考点，在when，while，if，as if，though(或although)，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。本题省去了“one is”。
译文：一个人在接受到帮助的时候，经常会说“谢谢”或“你真好”。
3. — How about putting some pictures into the report?
—___ A picture is worth a thousand words.（2005江苏）
A. No way.
B. Why not?
C. All right?
D. No matter.
【解析】B. “why (not) do” 结构中, 不定式不带to，属于一种句型化的省略。
译文：—将报告中加几张图片怎么样？
—为什么不呢？一画顶千言。
4. — I was wondering if we could go skiing on the weekend.
— _______good. (2006湖北)
A. Sound
B. Sounded
C. Sounding
D. Sounds
【解析】D. “It/That sounds good/great/….”这样的答语中常省略主语。
译文：—我在想是否可以周末去滑雪？
—听起来很好。
5. —How about seeing the new movie at the theatre tonight?
— ______, but I've got to go over my notes for tomorrow's exam. （2006重庆）
A. All right
B. Sounds great
C. I can’t
D. No, I am terribly sorry
【解析】B.本题同上题。
译文：—今晚到戏院看新上映的电影怎么样？
—听起来好极了，可是我得复习准备明天的考试。
6. — Do you mind my smoking here?
— ______. (2006四川)
A. No, thanks
B. No, Good idea
C. Yes, please
D. Yes. Better not
【解析】D. “Better not.”是“You'd better not.”的省略。
译文：—你介意我在这里抽烟吗？
—是的，最好不要。
7. In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ______.(2007安徽)
A. that used to be
B. it is used to
C. it was used to
D. it used to be
【解析】D. 本题考查的是比较状语从句中的省略，在比较状语从句中，as/than后面常使用省略。译文：根据我的想法，二十一世纪的生活比过去舒适多了。
8. —It’s a long time since I saw my sister.
—_________ her this weekend?（2007全国I）
A. Why not visit
B. why not to visit
C. Why not visiting
D. Why don’t visit
【解析】A. 本题也考查了“Why not do”这个句型。
译文：—好长时间没有见到我姐姐了。
为什么这个周末不去见见她呢？
9. We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse. （2007全国I）
A. not if dealt carefully with
B. if not carefully dealt with
C. if dealt not carefully with
D. not if carefully dealt with
【解析】B. 本题也考查了状语从句中省略“主语＋be”的问题。
译文：我们都知道，这种情况，如果不认真处理，会变得更糟糕。
10. —Dad! Tom’s broken a glass!
— ____. Accidents will happen.（2007四川）
A. No way
B. Doesn't matter
C. No trouble at all
D. Don't mention it
【解析】B. “It doesn't matter.”等日常用语中常省略主语。
译文：—爸爸，汤姆把杯子打坏了。
—没关系，发生意外是常有的。
二、能力提高
1. — I won't do it any more.
— ________?
A. Why don't
B. Why don't do it any more
C. Why not
D. Why not to
2. Although ________ to have a rest, he kept on working.
A. tell
B. telling
C. having told
D. told
3. — Will you waste your time and money on that?
— Certainly ________.
A. I not
B. don't
C. not
D. no
4. — Mary didn't attend the lecture, did she?
— Yes, she ________.
A. attended
B. didn't attend
C. didn't
D. did
5. — What's Joan doing?
— _________ newspapers in the room.
A. She reading
B. She reads
C. To read
D. Reading
6. _________ always succeed.
A. Honest and clever students
B. Students who honest and clever
C. Honest students and clever
D. Students are honest and clever
7. — Can you climb that tree, my boy?
— __________ ?
A. I
B. Myself
C. Mine
D. Me
8. Some people are against the plan but _______ support it.
A. any more
B. many more
C. much more
D. no more
9. — I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? — Not at all. _________.
A. I've no time
B. I'd rather not
C. I'd like to
D. I'd be happy to
10. — Why not go and have dinner in a restaurant?
— _________. It's too expensive.
A. Why not
B. I agree
C. I'm afraid not
D. I'm sure
11. I still remember the name of the village _______we visited last year.
A. what
B. /
C. where
D. when
12. — I usually go there by train.
— Why not＿＿＿＿＿by boat for a change? (MET’92)
A. to try going
B. trying to go
C. to try and go
D. try going
13. —for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.
A. If it is not
B. Were it not
C. Had it not been
D. If they were not
14. —I’d like to have a piece of bread and two eggs.
— Anything _________?
A. following
B. follows
C. to follow
D. to be followed
15. He suggested that the work ________ at once.
A. be done
B. should do
C. could do
D. does
16. I don’t like the way ________ you talk to your mother.
A. /
B. in that
C. which
D. of which
17. I know the boy very well. I have seen him _________up from childhood.
A. grow
B. grew
C. was growing
D. to grow
18. Though the little boy is often made _______by his brother, he made his brother __________yesterday.
A. cry；to cry
B. crying；crying
C. cry；cry
D. to cry；cry
19. —I’ll go to Korea to watch the 14th Asian Games. Would you mind looking after my dog?
— Not at all. ___________.
A. I can’t
B. Please don’t
C. I’d like it
D. I’d be hap py to
20. Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him _________.
A. not to
B. not to do
C. not do it
D. do not to
21. —Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend?
— __________.
A.I believe not
B.I believe not so
C.I don’t believe it
D.I don’t believe
22. — What do you think made the girl so glad?
— _______ a beautiful necklace.
A. As she received
B. Receiving
C. Received
D. Because of receiving
23. —Aren’t you be chairman?
— No, and I ＿＿＿＿＿.
A. don’t want to
B. don’t want
C. don’t want to be
D. don’t want be
24. Well, we have been waiting here _________ for the guest.
A. long time
B. a long time
C. the long time
D. some long time
25. Father advised me not to say anything until_________ at the meeting.
A. asking
B. to ask
C. asked
D. ask
26. — Coffee ________ milk?
— Only milk, please, ________ I used to like coffee.
A. and；and
B. and；but
C. or；and
D. or；but
27. All substances, _________ solids, liquids, or gases, are made up of entirely atoms.
A. whether they
B. whether
C. whether are they
D. whether are
28. Mr. Black, _________ born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri.
A. was
B. he was
C. although
D. who he was
29. — Have you watered the flowers?
— No, but ___________.
A. I am
B. I’m going
C. I’m just going to
D.I will go
30. —He hasn’t gone to the office up to now.
— Well, he ___________.
A. should
B. ought to
C. ought to go
D. ought to have
31. If you go to Xi’an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly _______. ( 1994上海)
A. supposing
B. supposed
C. to suppose
D. suppose
32. If __________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well. (1998上海)
A. giving
B. give
C. given
D. being given
33. He broke his legs while _________.
A. riding
B. ride
C. was riding
D. rode
34. — There will be a storm soon.
— I am afraid_________.
A. it
B. not
C. there won’
D. maybe
35. She is neither good at Chinese, nor________ English.
A. is
B. was
C. be good at
D. /
36. —Is he going tonight?
—I'm afraid ________.
A. not
B. not so
C. such
D. that she so
37. _____the most poverty-stricken county in the province , my native town has become the most prosperous county.
A. After
B. Once
C. If only
D. As far as
38. ______you lend me some help, I would feel much obliged.
A. If
B. Were
C. Would
D. Should
39. —Did your teacher learn Russian in a high school? —I imagine ______.
A. that
B. so
C. it
D. she was
40. Sorry, you had trouble ______ my house.
A. find
B. to find
C. found
D. finding
41. The homework is much more difficult than ________.
A. expected
B. expecting
C. to expect
D. expect
42. —Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend? — __________.
A. I don't believe
B. I don't believe it
C. I believe not so
D. I believe not
43. He got up so late. ______ he missed his flight.
A. No matter
B. No problem
C. No longer
D. No wonder
44. They got to Beijing earlier _______.
A. as we did
B. as we do
C. than we did
D. than we were
45. A tiger can not be tamed unless ______ very young.
A. catching
B. to be caught
C. caught
D. to be catching
46. — Do all the students want to take the course?
— No, _________.
A. Only a few of them want
B. Only a few of them
C. Only a few
D. Only few
47. _______ go and ask your teacher for help?
A. Why don't
B. Why not
C. Why you don't
D. Why not to
48. — Shall I wake you up tomorrow morning?
— Yes, ________.
A. please
B. you shall
C. you will
D. you may
49. — What's Jane doing?
— _______ a book in the classroom.
A. To read
B. Reading
C. She reads
D. Read
50. Eric doesn't like American beer. ____Anna.
A. So does
B. So likes
C. Neither is
D. Nor does
51. I won't go to Japan next week. ______.
A. He won't neither
B. Neither he will
C. Neither won't he
D. Neither will he
52. Although ______ to stop, he kept working.
A. tell
B. told
C. was told
D. having told
53. — There will be a storm soon.
— I'm afraid _______.
A. it
B. not
C. there isn't
D. may be
54. — I'll be away on business. Would you mind looking after my cat? — Not at all. _________.
A. I'd be happy to
B. I'd be happy
C. I like to
D. I like
55. — She hardly eats butter. What about cheese?
— She hardly _____, either.
A. eats
B. eats them
C. does
D. has
56. —The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?
—_______.(2003北京春季)
A.I guess not so
B.I don' t guess
C.I don' t guess so
D.I guess not
57. —Let’s go to a movie after work, OK?
— ______(2005山东)
A. Not at all.
B. Why not?
C. Never mind.
D. What of it?
58. — Let me introduce myself. I'm Albert.
— _________. (1993)
A. What a please
B. It's my pleasure
C. Pleased to meet you
D. I'm very pleased
59. — Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?
— __________. (1994)
A. I don't believe
B. I don't believe it
C. I believe not so
D. I believe not
60. — Does your brother intend to study German?
—Yes, he intends _________. (1998上海)
A. /
B. to
C. so
D. that
答案与简析：
（A）
1. B。某些表示心理或情感状态的动词如：love, mean, want, hate, like, prefer, wish, expect, hope 等的后面跟不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，而只保留不定式符号to。
2. D。so 和not可放在动词expect，fear，hope，suppose，believe，think，imagine以及词组be afraid等的后面，省略与上文相同的肯定或否定的宾语从句。
3. B。在带有状语从句的复合句中，如果从句与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，则可以省略从句的主语及be动词。此处从句中省略了it is。
4. A。回答what的问句，省去了He will be。
5. C。
6. B。参见3,本题省去了I am。
7. A。参见3,本题省去了it was。
8. C。参见3,本题省去了it is。
9. A。参见3,本题省去了it is。
10. B。
11. D。参见3,本题省去了it is。
12. D。
13. B。参见1。
14. C。if后面常用省略句，当表示“一些”的时候，用any，不用some。
15. B。参见3,本题省去了he was。
16. C。参见3,本题省去了you are。
17. D。参见1。
18. B。回答how的问句，应该用by……。
19. A。参见3,本题if后省去了we had been。
20. B。参见3,本题than后省去了they were。
（B）
1. C。“why (not) do” 结构中, 不定式不带to
2. D。状语从句中常省里“主语＋be”，这里省去了he was 。
3. C。
4. D。
5. D。回答what的问句，省去了She is。
6. A。
7. D。省略句中人称代词用宾格。
8. B。后面省去了people，应该用代词many。
9. D。某些表示心理或情感状态的动词如：love, mean, want, hate, like, prefer, wish, expect, hope 等的后面跟不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，而只保留不定式符号to。
10. C。so 和not可放在动词expect，fear，hope，suppose，believe，think，imagine以及词组be afraid等的后面，省略与上文相同的肯定或否定的宾语从句。
11. B。关系代词that，which，whom等在定语从句中作宾语且不位于介词之后时可以省略。
12. D。Why not try going...?＝Why don’t you try going...?
13. C。含有if的虚拟条件句可把if省略，而把had，should，were等提到句首，构成倒装。
14. C。Anything to follow?＝Is there anything to follow?在there be句型中，修饰主语的不定式可以用主动形式，也可以用被动形式，但口语中，常用主动形式。
15. A。在suggest(建议)，insist(坚持主张)，order，demand等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should ＋动词原形，should可以省略。
16. A。当way，time(次数)等作定语从句的先行词时，引导定语从句的关系词可以用that或in which,也可省略。
17. A。在主动语态中，感官动词和使役动词后接省去to的不定式作宾补；在被动语态中，to不可省去。
18. D。参见17。
19. D。参见9。
20. A。tell him not to (play football with his friends in the street.)
21. A。参见10。
22. B。Receiving a beautiful necklace(makes the girl so glad).
23. C。如果要省去的不定式中的动词是be时，则通常保留be。
24. B。a long time前省去了介词for。
25. C。until asked＝until I was asked.
26. B。Coffee and milk?＝Do you want both coffee and milk?
27. B。在带有状语从句的复合句中，如果从句与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，则可以省略从句的主语及be动词。此处从句中省略了they are。
28. C。参见27。
29. C。在某些结构，如：be about to, be going to, be able to, be sure to, be certain to, be likely to, be ready to, be supposed to, be obliged to, be to等后，常省去与前面动词一致的动词或动词词组。
30. D.如果不定式本身为完成时态，简略答语中常保留have。ought to have＝ought to have gone to the office.
31. B。本句为比较状语从句的省略,省去了they are。
32. C。本句为条件状语从句的省略，省去了he is。
33. A。while riding＝while he was riding.
34. B。参见10。
35. D。并列句中往往省略前后相同的句子成分。nor English＝nor is she good at English.
36. A。参见10。
37. B。“曾经是省里最贫困的县，家乡现在成为最繁荣的县了。”根据意思选B。
38. D。含有if的虚拟条件句可把if省略，而把had，should，were等提到句首，构成倒装。
39. B。参见10。
40. D。一些固定短语中的介词常省略，本题“have trouble in doing”中“in”就常常省略。
41. A。than后省去了it was。
42. D。参见10。
43. D。
44. C。than后常用助动词代替前面的动词，但必须保持一致。
45. C。状语从句中省去了it was。
46. C。
47. B。“why (not) do”结构中, 不定式不带to。
48. A。
49. B。省去了She is。
50. D。so/neither(nor)构成倒装，句中的助动词要与前面一致，前面否定后面要用neither/nor。
51. D。参见50。
52. B。状语从句中省去了he was。
53. B。参见10。
54. A。参见29。
55. C。在上下文中，后面的句子常用助动词do/does/did来代替前面的动作。
56.D。so 和not可放在动词expect，fear，hope，suppose，believe，think，imagine以及词组be afraid等的后面，省略与上文相同的肯定或否定的宾语从句。
57. B。“why (not) do” 结构中, 不定式不带to
58. C。本题是日常会话，省去了I am。
59. D。参见56。
60. B。表示心理或情感状态的动词后面跟不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，而只保留不定式符号to，本题注意不能误用so。
英语语法省略句 省略句 1)不定式在love, mean, want, like, wish, expect, try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem等动词后面 2)在happy，glad，eager，ready，willing等形容词后面。 1.---will you join us? --- I should love to(join you). 2.I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to(s ee the film). 3.--- Would you like to go with us? --- Yes, I’m glad to(go with you) 4.He doesn’t get up early as he used to. (get up) 注意: 如果不定式中含有be, have(助动词), have been, 通常保留be, have(助动词), have been. 1.--- Are you a sailor? --- No, but I used to be. 2.---He hasn’t finished yet. ---well, he ought to have. 1. —I'll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? —Not at all, ________ . (NMET 1995) A. I have no time B. I'd rather not C. I‘d like it D. I'd be happy to 2. —Does your brother intend to study German? —Yes, he intends ________ . (NMET 1998上海卷)
省略句练习与答案 自我检测 1. －What’s the matter with John? －He didn’t pass the test but he still____. A. hopes so B. hopes to C. hopes it D. hopes that 2. －She must look like a very pretty girl. －Yes, I imagine__________. A. to B. that C. it D. so 3. This is an illness that can result in total blindness__________ left untreated. A. after B. if C. since D. unless 4. －What will John Smith be doing in the fall of this year? －_________ mathematics at a high school. A. Teaching B. To teach C. Be teaching D. Teac 5. －Better not have the operation right now. －________. A. I mustn’t B. I shouldn’t C. I won’t D. I can’t 6. －Will you go to the party? －Of course I will if_________. A. I was invited B. invited C. having invited D. I will be invited 7. The special medicine for the disease was difficult to find though________ everywhere. A. sought B. having sought C. being sought D. having been sought 8. Taking such kind of medicine, if _______ , will possibly do you great harm. A. continue B. to continue C. continued D. continuing
省略句 必修一 烛之武退秦师 晋军(于)函陵,秦军(于)汜南(省略介词“于”) （烛之武）辞曰：“臣之壮也，犹不如人；……”（省略主语） 敢以（之）烦执事（省略介词宾语，以之） 荆轲刺秦王 秦王购之( 以) 金千斤 欲与( 之) 俱 见燕使者（于）咸阳宫 而（群臣）卒惶急无以击轲 鸿门宴 必修二 游褒禅山记 不随以止也（省略句） 必修三 琵琶行 送客（于）湓浦口。省略介词。 本(是)长安倡女。省略谓语。 送客(于)湓浦口。省略介词。 使(之)快弹数曲。省略宾语。 沉吟放拔插(于)弦中。省略介词 寡人之于国也 可以无饥矣。省略句，省略宾语。
劝学 学不可以已。 輮以为轮。 无以至千里。 过秦论 南取百越之地，以（之）为桂林、向郡。省略句，省略宾语。 铸以（之）为金人十二。定语后置句；省略句，省略宾语。 倔起（于）阡陌之中。省略句，省略宾语。 威振（于）四海。省略句，省略宾语。 身死（于）人手。省略句，省略宾语。 委命（于）下吏。省略句，省略宾语。 师说 吾从而师之。省略句，省略宾语“之”。 今其智乃反不能及。省略句，省略宾语“之” 必修四 廉颇蔺相如列传 传（之）以（之）示美人及左右。 今君乃亡（于）赵走（于）燕。 秦王会（于）渑池。 因厚遇之，使（之）归赵 既归，赵王以（之）为贤大夫 宁许（之）以负秦曲。 张衡传 视事三年，上书乞骸骨（省略主语“张衡”）
讽议左右（省略介词“于”） 举孝廉不行，连辟公府不就（省略主语“张衡”）必修五 归去来兮辞 童仆欢迎，稚子候(于)门 滕王阁序 物（有）华天（有）宝 十旬休假，胜友如云（聚集） 渔舟唱（于）晚，响穷彭蠡之滨 所赖君子安（于）贫 逍遥游 翱翔（于）蓬蒿之间。 陈情表 谨拜表以闻（陛下） 逮（臣）奉圣朝，沐浴清化 则告诉（陛下）不许 少仕（于）伪朝
文言句式之省略句 句子中省略某一词语或某种成分的现象，是古今共有的。不过，文言里这种现象更突出，而且按照现代汉语习惯，一些不能省略的成分也都省略了。 最常见的省略句有以下几种： 1.省略主语，就是把主语省略掉。 主语的省略，文言文中更为常见。主要原因之一，是文言的第三人称代词一般不独立作句子的主语。句子若是重复前边的词语又罗嗦，这样省略主语的句子自然就多了。句子中是否省略了成分，要根据上下文的意思或整个语言环境去推断。翻译时，要根据具体情况把省略成分补出来。主语的省略，可分为“承前省”“蒙后省”“对话省”等形式。如： （1）承前省 ①廉颇为赵将，（廉颇）伐齐，大破之。 ②永州之野产异蛇，（异蛇）黑质而白章，（异蛇）触草木，（草木）尽死。（柳宗元《捕蛇者说》） （2）蒙后省 ①沛公谓张良曰：“……（公）度我至军中，公乃入。”（司马迁《鸿门宴》） ②（尔）必死是间，余收尔骨焉。 （3）对话省 ①（孟子）曰：“独乐乐，与人乐乐，孰乐？”（王）曰：“不若与人。” ②樊哙曰：“今日之事何如？”良曰：“（今日这事）甚急。”（司马迁《鸿门宴》） 2.省略谓语，就是把谓语省略掉。 谓语是句子最重要的部分。无论是古代还是现代，省略谓语的情况还是比较少的。不过在文言文中，省略谓语也不是非常个别的现象。尤其是并列的句子，如果一句用了某个动词，另一句同样的动词就可以省略。有时省略的谓语需要根据上下文补出，才能不影响意思的表达。 （1）承上文谓语而省略，如： 军中无以为乐，请以剑舞（为乐）。（司马迁《鸿门宴》） 择其善者而从之，（择）其不善者而改之。（《论语》）
夫战，勇气也。一鼓作气，再（鼓）而衰，三（鼓）而竭……。（《曹刿论战》）（2）蒙下文谓语而省略，如： 杨子之邻人亡羊，既率其党（追之），又请杨子之竖追之。 （3）共喻省略，即根据上下文一看便会明白省略的是什么。如： ①及左公下厂狱，史朝夕（俟）狱门外。（方苞《左忠毅公逸事》） ②后公改（任）两广，太监泣别，赠大珠四枚。 3.省略宾语：文言文中省略动词和介词后的宾语是比较普遍的，所省多是代词“之”。 （1）省略动词后的宾语，如： 项伯乃夜驰之沛公军，私见张良，具告（之）以事。 （2）省略介词后的宾语，如： 成视，庞然修伟，自增惭怍，不敢与（之）较。 4.省略兼语：“使、命、令”这类动词的宾语常兼作后边一个主谓词组的主语，这个词就称作兼语。现代汉语的兼语一般不能省略，文言里的兼语却往往被省略，所省多是代词“之”。如： 不如因而厚遇之，使（之）归赵。 5.省略介词：古文中常常省略介词“于”，还有介词“以”“自”等，这些介词与后面的宾语组成介词结构，当这个介词结构作补语时，这个介词常常被省掉。 （1）省略介词“于”，如：荆州之民附操者，逼（于）兵势耳。（司马光《赤壁之战》）（2）省略介词”以”，如：试与他虫斗，虫尽靡；又试之（以）鸡，果如成言。 另外，介词“自”也可省略，如：或王命急宣，有时朝发（自）白帝，暮到江陵。（郦道元《三峡》） 6、介词和介词宾语的省略，例如： ①死马且买之（以）五百金，况生马乎？（战国策·千金市马） ②臣与将军戮力而攻秦，将军战（于）河南，臣战（于）河北。（司马迁《鸿门宴》） ③试与他虫斗，（他）虫尽靡。又试之（以）鸡，果如臣言。（蒲松龄《促织》） ④此人一一为（之）具言所闻。（陶渊明《桃花源记》）
2019 小升初英语语法省略句知识点：空缺与增补 小升初英语语法省略句知识点：空缺与增补 两个主语不同的句子，谓语有相同部分，也有不同部分，如果用 连词连接起来实行对比，则其相同部分在后面分句中能够省略，这样，后 面分句中就出现“空缺”现象。“空缺” 处通常被省略的是动词， 或动词及其宾语、补足语等。汉译时不妨采用“补齐”的方法。例如： A sound must be heard ，a colour seen ，a flavour tasted ， an odour inhaled.，颜色必须目视，滋味必须口尝，气味必须鼻吸。( 后三句省略 must be) Histories make men wise；mathematic logic and rhetoric able to contend. ；数学使人精细；逻辑和修辞 使人善辩。( 原文后两句省略make men) 注意 than 引出的比较从句中，套有 when引导的时间从句或 if 引导的条 件从句，而且该比较从句中的省略部分与整个句子的主要结构一致时则 比较从句的省略部分可省略不译。例如： My uncle is better than when I wrote to 我伯父的身体比我上 次给你去信时好些了(...than 后面省略了he was) 灵活使用 对英语中一些特殊省略结构译法需灵活，指的是按正常语法规则 分析，有的无法增补，有的要用不同的方式来增补，使之成为完全句。 所以，汉译英时，视上下文加以灵活处理。 1.“宾语 +主语 +谓语 and + 谓语”结构 其中 and 连接的，是用作不同成分的同一个词，这个词既是第一分 句的宾语，又是第二分句的主语。此结构的特点是，把宾语提到句
省略句专题 I. 改写句子使用省略手段避免下面各句重复与冗赘: 1. Someone has used my mobile phone, but I don’t know who has used it. 2. John worked hard but his brother did not work hard. 3. I have lazy students and hardworking students in my class. 4. --- Has he ever been abroad? --- No, he has never been abroad. 5. If it is necessary, we will finish it ahead of time. 6. You must not be late and you must not be absent. 7. Give me your name and address, please. 8. It is well done. 9. Mother can take a rest, Mother should tak e a rest but Mother won’t take a rest after long hours of work. 10.He could answer the questions very well if he would answer the questions but he didn’t answer the questions. II. 单项选择从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案： 1. --- I won’t do it any more.--- ________? A. Why don’t B. Why don’t do it any more C. Why not D. Why not to 2. Although ________ to stop, he kept on working. A. tell B. telling C. having told D. told 3. --- Will you waste your time and money on that? --- Certainly ________. A. I not B. don’t C. not D. no 4. --- Ma ry didn’t attend the lecture, did she? --- Yes, she ________. A. attended B. didn’t attend C. didn’t D. did 5. --- What’s Joan doing? --- _________ newspapers in the room.
详解高中英语中省略句的问题 莎士比亚曾经说过：Brevity is the soul of wit. （言以简为贵）。为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略（ellipsis）。 一、省略的目的 省略多见于非正式的文体，尤其在对话中，省略是一种十分普遍的现象。英语中的省略一般说来有三个目的： A．避免重复，减少累赘。 省略的主要目的是避免重复，去掉不必要的累赘和繁琐。 Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't come to school to see me the next day. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我，但是第二天他并没有来学校看我。 -- Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn't. 迈克说他第二天要来学校看我，但是他并没有来。(省掉最后九个词，句子简洁多了)— What did he want yesterday 他昨天要了什么 —An apple. 一个苹果。（如果回答时说出全文“He wanted an apple yesterday”，便显得别扭，不自然） B．连接紧密，结构紧凑。 省略也是使上下文紧密连接的一种修辞手段。 John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998. 约翰是1994年的获胜者，鲍勃是1998年的获胜者。（Bob后省略了was the winner，句子结构显得比较紧凑） In some places we stopped in tents for the night, in other places in caves. 我们在有些地方住在帐篷里过夜，在有些地方住在山洞里。（in other places 后省略了主语和谓语we stopped for the night，上下文连接更加紧密） 省略： 回答问题要简洁，并列重复需省略。祈使主语常省略，比较than后需省略。宾从表从that勿省略。前后出现同一词，习惯表达需省略。 C．强调重点，突出信息。 省略的另一作用是突出新的信息。 Truth speaks too low, hypocrisy too loud. 真理讲话声太低，虚伪讲话声太高。（后一分句省略谓语speaks，突出了too loud） — Have you told him that 你把那告诉他了吗 — Not yet. 还没有呢。(= I have not told him that yet. 强调not yet ) 二、可省略的成分 省略大致可归纳为功能词的省略和语法结构上的省略两种。在很多情况下，这两种省略存在着交*的关系，即有时既是功能词的省略，同时又是语法结构上的省略。 A．功能词的省略 功能词指的是没有完整意义，但有语法意义的词，如冠词、介词、助动词等。英语句子结构的简洁，首先表现在功能词的省略上。 1．冠词的省略 They elected John (the) monitor of the class. 他们选约翰当班长。
省略句（elliptical sentences ） 定义：省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，为了避免重复、突出新信息使上下文紧密连接的修辞手段。 省略的部分：单词、短语、分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断 一、哪些部分可以省略 （一）省略单词 1、省略介词 He spe nt four hours （in） going over his less ons. 他花了四个小时复习功课。 I ' ve studied Eng1ish （for） five years. 我已学五年英语了。 2、省略连词 I believe （that） you will succeed . 我相信你们会成功的。 It ' s a pity （that） he ' s leaving.他要走，真遗憾。 I ' m sure （that） she will help you.我肯定她会帮你的。 3、省略关系代词 I ' ll give you all （that） I have.我要把我所有的一切都给你。 He read the book （which） I got yesterday.他看过我昨天买的书了。 二、省略句子成分 1、省略主语 Beg your pardon.（我）请你原谅。（Beg前省略了主语I ） Take care!当心！（Take前省略了主语you ） Looks as if it will rain.看起来象要下雨。（Looks前省略了主语it ） 2、省略谓语 Who next?该谁了？（Who后面省略了谓语comes ） The river was deep and the ice thin. （ice 后面省略了was ） We ' ll do the best we can.我们将尽力而为。（can后面省略了动词do ） 3、省略表语 Are you ready? Yes, I am.你准备好了吗？我准备好了。（ am后面省略了ready ） He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth.他还是象年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。（had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports ） 4、省略宾语 Let ' s do the dishes. I ' ll wash and you ' ll dry. 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。（wash和dry后面省略 了宾语dishes ） 5、省略定语 He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 那钱他花了部分，其余的他都存了起来。（the rest 后面省 略了定语of the money ） 6、省略状语 He was not hurt. Strange!他没有受伤，真奇怪！（Strange前面省略了状语how ） 二、什么句式中可以省略 1. 简单句中的省略: 在对话中，交谈双方都知道谈论的对象，则可以省略句子的主语，省略主语和谓语
省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析,句子应该具备的成分, 有时出于修辞上的需要, 在句中并不出现,这种句子叫做省略句（elliptical sentences,这种语法现象称为“省略”（ellipsis or leaving words out。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分, 但仍能表达其完整的意义。 省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句子叫做省略句（elliptical sentences，这种语法现象称为“省略”（ellipsis or leaving words out。其特点是：虽然省去句子语法构造所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。 省略形式多样，从单词、短语到分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断。“省略”不但是一种“以无为有”的最简便的表达方法，而且也是一种简便至极，“虽无胜有”的修辞手段。 如果弄不清一句中哪些部分省略了，就可以产生误解或歧义。 下面从翻译角度谈谈一些比较特殊的省略。 一、原文“空缺”，译文“增补” 两个主语不同的句子，谓语有相同部分， 也有不同部分，如果用连词连接起来进行对比，则其相同部分在后面分 句中可以省略，这样，后面分句中就出现“空缺”现象。“空缺”处通常被 省略的是动词，或动词及其宾语、补足语等。汉译时不妨采用“补齐”的 方法。例如： A sound must be heard，a colour seen，a flavour tasted， an odour inhaled．，颜色必须目视，滋味必须口尝，气味必须鼻吸。（后 三句省略must be）Histories make men wise；mathematic logic and rhetoric able to contend．；数学使人精细；逻辑和修辞使人善辩。（原文 后两句省略make men） 二、英语状语从句中的省略部分可不译 than引出的比较从句中，套有when引导的时间从句或if引导的条件从句，而且该比较从句中的省略部分与整个句子的主要结构一致时则比较从句的省略部分可省略不译。例如： My uncle is better than when I wrote to我伯父的身体比我上次给你去信时好些了（．．．than后面省略了he was） 三、对英语中一些特殊省略结构译法需灵活，指的是按正常语法规则分析，有的无法增补，有的要用不同的方式来增补，使之成为完全句。因此，汉译英时，视上下文加以灵活处理。 1．“宾语＋主语＋谓语……and ＋谓语”结构 其中and连接的，是用作不同成分的同一个词，这个词既是第一分句的宾语，又是第二分句的主语。此结构的特点是，把宾语提到句首，使之兼任后一分句的主语，达到简化句子结构的目的。汉译时，可仍先译宾语，不必改变原文的语序。例如： This substance we call water，and come next only to oxygen．这种物质称为水，其重要性仅次于氧。（＝We call this substance water，and this substance comes next only to oxygen．） 2．以“Hence ＋名词”开头的结构 hence是表示结果意义的连接副词，hence前面的句子表示原因，hence后面则省略了类似come的动词。它是倒装句。例如： Hence（comes）this instruction of the experiment因此，有这本实验说明书。 3．某些常用词组引导的省略疑问句，通常不需要写出其省略部分。例如： How（is it）about the result？结果怎么样呢？ 4．由习语组成的省略结构 So much is for the foundry processes．工艺过程的内容就是这些。（＝Enough has been said or done about．．．；That is all we'll say about...） Now for the sound-wave method．现在谈谈风波方法。（＝And we will now talk about．．．） The
省略 语法点1 简单句中的省略 特点： 1.名词所有格所修饰的名词，若表示住宅，店铺，数学或上文已经暗示或者确指出错过的 事物时，常常可以省略。 2.在以what, how开头的感叹句中，常常可以省略句子的主语it和连系动词be. 3.如果主语是all one can do, the first (only) thing to do, what one does to do 等形式，作表语 的动词不定式用来说明上文do的内容时，不定式符号to可以省略，可以不省略。4.在前面出现过的动词在下文再次出现时，可以单独使用动词不定式to，表示省略了一 个不定式结构。 5.在独立结构中have和having beening可以省略。 6.祈使句通常省略主语you. 7.感叹句，部分文句。部分第一人称陈述句常有省略成分。 8.用so, not或者其他手段来代替上文或问句中的一部分或整个句意。 9.在某些动作后的宾语补足语中可以将to be 省略。 例如 I had managed to get the job at my uncle’s (store). 我好不容易才到我叔叔的商店里找到了着粉工作。 We can meet at Tom’s. 我们可以在汤姆家见面。 I’m thinking of going to the barber’s.我在考虑要去理发店。 What a wonderful victory (it si ) for me! All you have to do is (to ) go back to work. Will you play with them?你和他们一道玩吗？ Well, I’d love to ( play with them). 唔，我想和他们一道玩。 The work (having been) done, they went home one after another. 干完了工作，他们陆续回家了。 What next?下一步怎么办？ Why so? 为什么这样呢？ How come?怎么回事？ Glad to see you. 很高兴见到你。 Sorry, the line is busy. 对不起，占线了。 Can he do this work?他能做这件工作吗？ I think so. (= I think he dan do this work.). 我想他行。 Can you do this work? 你能做这件工作吗？ I am afraid not. 我怕不能。 The film is thought (to be) very valuable. 人们认为这部影片很有价值。 They found the answer (to be)correct. 他们认为答案是正确的。 语法点2 并列句中的省略 特点 1.在并列句中，第二分句（或第三，四分句）往往可以省略与前句相同的一些成分。 2.有的并列句的省略部分在前面的分句中，看完最后一个分句才能掌握全句的完整意义。例如 Jim came in september but Bob (came) in October. 吉姆是九月来的，但是鲍勃是十月来的。Bob works (in Shanghai), and Peter lives, in Shanghai.鲍勃在上海工作，而彼得住在上海。
省略句（elliptical sentences） 定义：省略句是英语的一种习惯用法。按照语法的分析，句子应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，为了避免重复、突出新信息使上下文紧密连接的修辞手段。 省略的部分：单词、短语、分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的衔接关系，不容臆断 一、哪些部分可以省略 （一）省略单词 1、省略介词 He spent four hours (in) going over his lessons. 他花了四个小时复习功课。 I ' ve studied Eng1ish (for) five years. 我已学五年英语了。 2、省略连词 I believe (that) you will succeed ．我相信你们会成功的。 It ' s a pity (that) he ' s leaving. 他要走，真遗憾。 I ' m sure (that) she will help you. 我肯定她会帮你的。 3、省略关系代词 I ' ll give you all (that) I have. 我要把我所有的一切都给你。 He read the book (which) I got yesterday. 他看过我昨天买的书了。 二、省略句子成分 1、省略主语 Beg your pardon. （我）请你原谅。（Beg 前省略了主语I ） Take care! 当心！（Take 前省略了主语you ） Looks as if it will rain. 看起来象要下雨。（Looks 前省略了主语it ） 2、省略谓语 Who next? 该谁了？（Who 后面省略了谓语comes ） The river was deep and the ice thin. （ice 后面省略了was ） We ' ll do the best we can. 我们将尽力而为。（can 后面省略了动词do ） 3、省略表语 Are you ready? Yes, I am. 你准备好了吗？我准备好了。（am 后面省略了ready ） He was a lover of sports as he had been in his youth. 他还是象年轻时那样，是一位运动爱好者。（had been 后面省略了 a lover of sports ） 4、省略宾语 Let ' s do the dishes. I ' ll wash and you ' ll dry. 让我们洗碗吧，我来洗，你来揩干。（wash 和dry 后面省略了宾语dishes ） 5、省略定语 He spent part of the money, and the rest he saved. 那钱他花了部分，其余的他都存了起来。（the rest 后面省略了定语of the money ） 6、省略状语 He was not hurt. Strange! 他没有受伤，真奇怪！（Strange 前面省略了状语how ） 1. 的现象在交际用语中出现的很多。如省略主语 （1）Looks like rain. （it） （2）Hope to hear from you soon. (I)
省略句用法专项练习2 1、—Lucy，could you please spare me a few minutes? —____，but I hope "a few minutes" won't turn into a few hours. A. It doesn't matter B. That's kind of you C. I'm afraid not D. I guess so 2、—Hey，taxi! —_____ —I want to go to the dentist's. A. Good morning, sir. B. Nice to see you, sir. C. Where to, sir? D. What are you going to do, sir? 3、The doctor expresses his strong desire that the patient _____ immediately. A. be operated on B. operated on C. was operated on D. would be operated on 4、When he came back, he found the bag he had ____ over the seat was gone. A. left to hang B. left hanging C. left hung D. to leave hanging 5、Liu Xiang spoke slowly to the Special Olympic competitors so as to have them____. A. understand him B. to be understood C. be understood D. to understand him 6、—Are there any English story books for us students in the library? —There are only a few, ____. A. if any B. if have C. if some D. if has 7、Francis, ____born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri. A. was B. he was C. although D. but 8、—Does Betty know where her violin is? —She saw somebody walking off with one, but she doesn't know____. A. whose B. it C. whom D. which 9、—Aren't you the manager? —No, and I ____. A. don't want B. don't want to C. don't want to be D. don't 10、—How are you getting on with your work? —Oh, I'm sorry. Things aren't going so well as____. A. plans B. planning C. planned D. to plan 11、—What's the matter with you? —I didn't pass the test, but I still____. A. hope so B. hope to C. hope it D. hope that 12、The doctor did what he could ___ the boy, but in vain. A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved 13、—You look happy today, Mary. —I like my new dress and Mother ___, too. A. likes B. does C. is D. do 14、—What happened to the boy? He was making so much noise. —He wanted to play football, but his mother warned him ____. A. not B. to C. not to D./ 15、____ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang. A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not
高考英语省略句知识点技巧及练习题含答案(6) 一、选择题 1．When people cut down big trees, new trees should be planted. ,they will have no trees to cut down in the future. A．If not B．If so C．If no so D．If don’t 2．However frequently , the textbook play acted by my classmates still interests us every year. A．performed B．performing C．to be performed D．being performed 3．Unless to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited 4．Our bedroom ________ 8 metres across, if ________ in metres. A．is measured; measured B．is measured in; measuring C．measures; measured D．measures in; measuring 5．Some of you may have finished the text. _______, you can go on to the next. A．If ever B．If so C．If possible D．If not 6．—Frequent lack of breakfast does harm to health. — , why do you always do that? A．So what B．If so C．If any D．Even so 7．If _____ green, the door might look more beautiful. A．paint B．painted C．to paint D．painting 8．Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ________. A．if not managed carefully B．if are not managed carefully C．unless not managed carefully D．unless are not managed carefully 9．Unless ________ to speak, most high school students here prefer remaining silent in class. A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited 10．It is dangerous to drive the car while on the phone. A．talk B．talking C．talked D．to talk 11．It has been said that “happiness is like a butterfly, which, when _ _, is always beyond our grasp but which, if you will sit down quietly, may alight upon you．" A．pursuing B．pursued C．to pursue D．having pursued 12．—Have you been to the Great Wall? —Perhaps not in my memory; ________， it might have been during the early childhood. A．if any B．if so C．if ever D．if not 13．When effectively _______, the feedback we share with students or employees can develop their awareness of their own learning.
省略句练习与答案 A 1. －What’s the matter with John－He didn’t pass the test but he still____. A. hopes so B. hopes to C. hopes it D. hopes that 某些表示心理或情感状态的动词如：love, mean, want, hate, like, prefer, wish, expect, hope等的后面跟不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，而只保留不定式符号to。 2. －She must look like a very pretty girl. －Yes, I imagine__________. A. to B. that C. it D. so so 和not可放在动词expect，fear，hope，suppose，believe，think，imagine以及词组be afraid等的后面，省略与上文相同的肯定或否定的宾语从句。 3. This is an illness that can result in total blindness_______ left untreated. A. after B. if C. since D. unless 在带有状语从句的复合句中，如果从句与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，则可以省略从句的主语及be动词。此处从句中省略了it is。 4. －What will John Smith be doing in the fall of this year －_________ mathematics at a high school. A. Teaching B. To teach C. Be teaching D. Teac 回答what的问句，省去了He will be。 5. －Better not have the operation right now. －______. A. I mustn’t B. I shouldn’t C.I won’t D. I can’t 6. －Will you go to the party －Of course I will if_________. A. I was invited B. invited C. having invited D. I will be invited 本题省去了I am。 7. The special medicine for the disease was difficult to find though________ everywhere. A. sought B. having sought C. being sought D. having been sought 本题省去了it was。 8. Taking such kind of medicine, if _______ , will possibly do you great harm. A. continue B. to continue C. continued D. continuing 本题省去了it is。 9. He is not easy to get along with, but the friendship of his, _________, will last forever. A. once gained B. to be gained C. after gained D. while gaining 本题省去了it is。 10. －Don’t forget to take the message to my teacher. －_________. A. Yes, I will B. No, I won’t C. I don’t think so D. Sorry, I don’t 11. The road is designed for only motor vehicles, so once________, bicycles are not allowed to go along it. A. opens B. having opened C. opening D. opened 本题省去了it is。 12. The teacher told us not to take the equipment out of the laboratory until_________. A. allowing to take B. allowing to C. allowed to be taken D. allowed to 13. －Will you go home tomorrow evening －No, I am going to a lecture, or at least, I’m planning______. A. so B. to C. it D. that 14. Would you read my letter and correct the mistakes if________ A. some B. ever C. any D. never if后面常用省略句，当表示“一些”的时候，用any，不用some。 15. When________ where he was born, the old man was afraid to give his address. A. asking B. asked C. was asked D. ask 本题省去了he was。 16. Don’t speak to anyone when you are in a strange situation unless________. A. you will be spoken B. you speak to C. spoken to D. you spoken to 本题省去了you are。