定语从句讲义

中考英语语法复习说课稿讲义第十二讲：定语从句一. 教材分析定语从句是中考英语语法中的重要内容，也是学生难以掌握的部分。

本讲主要围绕定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法进行讲解。

通过本讲的学习，学生能够理解定语从句的概念，掌握定语从句的分类和引导词，学会如何运用定语从句修饰名词或代词。

二. 学情分析定语从句是学生在初中阶段接触到的较复杂的语法知识，对于部分学生来说可能存在一定的难度。

学生在学习过程中可能会对定语从句的分类和引导词产生混淆，同时也容易在实际运用中出现错误。

因此，教师在教学过程中需要耐心引导，让学生逐步理解和掌握定语从句的用法。

三. 说教学目标1.知识目标：使学生理解定语从句的概念，掌握定语从句的分类和引导词，了解定语从句的用法。

2.能力目标：培养学生运用定语从句修饰名词或代词的能力，提高学生的英语表达能力。

3.情感目标：激发学生学习英语语法的兴趣，增强学生自信心，培养学生的合作精神。

四. 说教学重难点1.重点：定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法。

2.难点：定语从句在实际语境中的运用，特别是关系代词和关系副词的用法。

五. 说教学方法与手段1.采用情境教学法，通过设置各种真实的语境，让学生在实际语境中学习和运用定语从句。

2.运用多媒体教学手段，如PPT、视频等，直观地展示定语从句的用法，增强学生的学习兴趣。

3.分组讨论法，让学生在小组内讨论定语从句的用法，互相学习，共同进步。

4.任务型教学法，通过完成各种任务，让学生在实践中运用定语从句，提高学生的实际运用能力。

六. 说教学过程1.导入：通过一个谜语引发学生对定语从句的好奇心，激发学生的学习兴趣。

2.讲解：讲解定语从句的定义、分类、引导词以及用法，结合实例进行分析。

3.练习：让学生进行定语从句的练习，及时纠正学生在练习中出现的错误。

4.情境创设：设置各种真实的语境，让学生在语境中运用定语从句。

5.分组讨论：让学生在小组内讨论定语从句的用法，互相学习，共同进步。

定语从句（Attributive Clauses）Ⅰ从句结构，理解在所修饰词（先行词）之后，由关系词（关系代词，关系副词）引导先行词+关系词+句子做定语，修饰作用，表示“……的人（或者东西）”Ⅱ类型限制性定语从句（Defining Attributive Clauses）非限制性定语从句（Non-defining Attributive Clauses）Ⅲ限制性定语从句A.关系词：that, which, who, when, where, why, whoseB.关系代词作宾语，可以省略例如，The pen (that/which) my mom bought for me yesterday is blue.C.先行词为：最高级，序数词修饰，不定代词，“all, no, only”时，关系词只能使用”that”.例如，1. The Titanic was the largest ship that had never been built at that time.2. It is the first composition that I wrote in English yesterday.3. Tell us all that you know.D. 如果关系词中有“介词”连接，则该关系词只能为：which, whom.例如，1. New York is the beautiful city in which I was born.2. Lily for whom I bought the roses is my girlfriend.Ⅳ非限制型定语从句A.有“逗号”隔开B.关系词不能为“that”, “why”C.“which”在句子中有时候可以做“定语”例如，I called him by the wrong name, for which mistake I should apologize.Ⅴ其他定语从句A．用“as”引导，通常与“such”连用例如, 1. They felt such heat in the jungle as they had never felt before.2. We have such apples as you have never seen.B. 有时候“such as”整体出现例如，We hope to give you a chance such as nobody ever has had.D.“as”可以单独引导定语从句例如，1. Sophia was not unconscious, as could be judged from her eyes.2. He was a foreigner, as I knew from his accent.3. As was expected, he performed the task with success.E.用“than”引导例如，He gave me money than is needed.翻译练习1.你能解决这些由观众提出来的问题吗？2.这就是那家红旗牌轿车生产厂家。

A.that B.which C.x D.A and B
3.The decision _____the meeting will be held hasnot been made yet.
A.where B.in which C.that D.A & B
(三)、whose引导定语从句时，人、物皆可指。
I'll never forget the days ______ we studied together.
I'll never forget the days ______ we spent together.
A.thatB.x C.when D.A and B
（九）不可混淆定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句、强调句型、并列句以及两个分句。
My house,________ I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.
A.that B.which C.on which D.for which
2.非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词,对其进行修饰,这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如：
He seems not to have grasped what I meant,________ greatly _________ me.
He still lives in the room _____window faces to the east.
He still lives in the room,the window _____ faces to the east.
He still lives in the room _____ is in the north of the city.

定语从句讲义定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。

定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as等。

关系副词有：when, where, why等。

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you? （who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. （whom/that 在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。

例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.3）which, that：它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which / that在句中作主语）The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.(which / that在句中作宾语)关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。