英语定语从句讲义

物 the meaning of words
He lives in a room
whose window faces south
It is such a big stone
as nobody can lift.
整
As is known to all, he
句内容 is the best student.
呈现给考生。
1.that 与 which, who, whom 的用法区别
情 况
用法说明
例句
① 先 行 词 为 all,
①He told me everything
everything, anything, nothing, that he knows.
只用 that 的情况
little, much,等不定代词时 ② All the books that
指代
例句
在定从中作宾语， 可省略
在定从中作定语 在定从中作表语 在定从中作宾语
在定从中作宾语
在定从中作主语 在定从中作定语 在定从中作宾语 在定从中作主语
解释
2
副词 when
时间
where
地点
why
原因
（二）定语从句的注意点
Would you suggest a time when we can have a talk?
The house where they live is not very large.
This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.
在定从中作状语 在定从中作状语 在定从一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式
who/whom 指人 ②在由“介词+关系代词”引
导的定语从句中，只能用 which 指物，whom 指人。
③先行词本身是 that 时，关
② I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.
③ Those who respect others are usually respected by others.
D. the
way which
2.as、which 和 that 的区别
从句
区别
例句
He is not such a fool as he
限制性
名 词 前 有 such 和 the
looks.
定语从 same 修饰时，关系代词用 as不,
Don’t read such books as
句中 能用 which
②I was struck by the beauty of the way in which
4
she stood.
③What surprised me
was not what he said but
_______ he said it.
A. the way
B. in
the way that
C. in the way
you thought me to be.
He is such a lazy man
as nobody wants to work
with.
The only thing that we
can do is to give you some
advice.
A dictionary is a
事 useful book which tells us
you can’t understand.
as 和 which 都可以指代前
They won the game, as we
非限制 面整个主句。如果有“正如，象” had expected.
表一
分类
指代
引导词
人
who, whom, that, as
关系代
事物
which, that, as
词
人或物（表
所属关系）
whose
关系副 词
地点 时间 原因
where when why
表二
关系代
指
例句
解释
词
代
The man who helped
who
人
在定从中作主语
you is Mr White.
1
② 先 行 词 被 all, any, you offered has been given
every, each, much, little, no, out.
some, few 等修饰时 ③ This is the best film
③先行词有形容词最高级 that I have ever read.
3
和序数词修饰时
④ We talked about the
④先行词既指人又指物时 persons and things that we
⑤ 先 行 词 被 the only, the remembered.
very 修饰时
⑤ He is the only man
⑥ 句 中 已 经 有 who 或 that I want to see.
which 时，为了避免重复时
⑥Who is the man that is
making a speech?
①在非限制性定语从句中，
①He has a son, who has
只 能 用 which 指 代 物 ， 用 gone abroad for further study.
只用 which, who, whom 的情况
whom whose
that as that which whose as 表三 关系
That
is
the
person(whom/who/that)
you want to see.
He is the father whose
son studies very well in our
class.
I´m not the fool that
系词用 which, 先行词为 those,
one, he 时多用 who。
只用 that，in which 或不 用关系词 的情况
the way 做先行词时
①Mary,there is one way that you could stop others talking about you and criticizing you.
定语从句
（一）基本概念
1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整
个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或
代词叫先行词。
2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个
定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。
关系词的分类和基本用法