Lyapunov instability and finite size effects in a system with long-range forces
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用菲涅尔区模型探究WiFi 感知系统的稳定性牛凯1,2,张扶桑3,吴丹1,2,张大庆1,2+1.北京大学信息科学技术学院高可信软件技术教育部重点实验室,北京1008712.北京大学(天津滨海)新一代信息技术研究院,天津3004503.中国科学院软件研究所计算机科学国家重点实验室,北京100190+通信作者E-mail:*************** 摘要:基于WiFi 的非接触感知系统利用环境中广泛存在的WiFi 信号在自然情况下对用户活动进行感知,具有十分广阔的应用前景。
从细粒度活动到粗粒度活动,现有工作进行了大量的探索,但尚未理解和解决感知系统稳定性不足的问题。
当感知对象、收发设备位置、测试环境等发生变化时,系统性能会受到严重影响。
实际上,人体活动对应的接收信号模式因位置和朝向的变化而带来的不一致性导致了系统不能稳定工作。
为了理解这种现象的本质,利用团队提出的基于无线感知的菲涅尔区衍射和反射模型,精确定量刻画了目标物体相对于收发设备的位置、运动轨迹和无线信号波形模式之间的关系。
通过两个应用实例,即细粒度的手指动作识别和粗粒度的健身活动识别,在模型的指导下,分别解释了系统不能稳定工作的原因,说明了如何得到一致的感知波形,以及如何构造可区分的感知波形,并给出了提升感知系统性能的方法。
关键词:菲涅尔区模型;系统稳定性;WiFi ;无接触感知文献标志码:A中图分类号:TP399Exploring Stability in WiFi Sensing System Based on Fresnel Zone ModelNIU Kai 1,2,ZHANG Fusang 3,WU Dan 1,2,ZHANG Daqing 1,2+1.Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies,Ministry of Education,School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China2.Peking University Information Technology Institute (Tianjin Binhai),Tianjin 300450,China3.State Key Laboratory of Computer Sciences,Institute of Software,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China Abstract:WiFi based contactless sensing systems use pervasive wireless communication signals in the environment to sense human activities in a natural way,enabling many promising applications.From fine-grained activity sensing to coarse-grained activity recognition,existing work have done a great deal of exploration.However,there is lack of understanding and tackling the serious unstable sensing performance problem.While changing the human target,the position of transceivers,and test environment,the system performance is severely degraded.The reason behind the instability of WiFi-based sensing system is that human activities induce the inconsistent signal patterns inherently at different positions.This paper proposes the Fresnel zone-based diffraction and reflection sensing model,which can计算机科学与探索1673-9418/2021/15(01)-0060-13doi:10.3778/j.issn.1673-9418.1912017基金项目:国家自然科学基金(61572048,61802373);北大百度基金资助项目(2019BD005);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2020109)。
过程工程学报The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering第21卷第3期2021年3月Vol.21 No.3Mar. 2021.-------1流动与传递匸DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.l 009-606X.220107¢35-Application of cutoff distance selection in molecular dynamicssimulation of LJ argon systemChenyang SUN 1'2, Chaofeng HOU 1*, Wei GE 1-21. Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China2. School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaAbstract: In Lennard-Jones (LJ)potential argon system investigated bymolecular dynamics simulation, thedifferent cutoff distances are frequentlyapplied to calculate the interactive force between atoms, and some reports havegiven out the influence of the cutoffdistances on the simulation systems.More and more calculations suggest to use 4.5 cr or even larger truncationdistances (a is the diameter of argon atom) to obtain the more accurate thermodynamic properties of the1.0 1.10.9TemperatureMapping between thermodynamic states under different r c .sctu od o E o le -I o c I-1.5-2.0-2.5-3.0-3.5-4.0-4.5Lennard-Jones potentialc w.u-gp u n ju o u n q'E-.sp e y0;8 '="a u o 3o l n eComparison of system properties under different r c .systems. In this work, a simple method was proposed to solve the problem of superheating encountered in the calculation of melting point by direct heating, where an independent track and ensemble at each temperature point are run. And then, the effect of different cutoff distances on the phase diagrams of the melting and boiling points of argonsystem in the NPT ensemble was studied. The melting point was in good agreement with the experimental and theoretically calculated values when the cutoff d istance of 2.5crwas used. However, the deviation from the experimentalmelting point became more evident when the larger cutoff distances were employed. In order to find out the underlying mechanism behind the deviation, the radial distribution functions and velocity autocorrelation function at the meltingpoints and different thermodynamic states of the liquid argon with different cutoff distances were analyzed. It wasfound that the same thermodynamic properties can be obtained at the corresponding thermodynamic state points underdifferent truncation distances. The mapping between the different thermodynamic state points was understandable dueto the different thermodynamic states at the same temperatures under the varied truncation distances, and was beneficial to significantly reduce the computational workload at the smaller cutoff distance. This work proposed an exploratoryway for the selection of the cutoff distance in the simulation of liquid argon, where the truncation distance of 2.5 cr canmeet the requirements of computational accuracy and performance in the simulations.Key words: molecular dynamics simulation; LJ potential; cutoff distance; liquid argon收稿:2020-03-27.修回:2020-05-10,网络发表:2020-05-25, Received: 2020-03-27, Revised: 2020-05-10, Published online: 2020-05-25基金项目:国家自然科学基金(编号:21776280; 91834303; 91934302);中国科学院资助项目(编号:XDC01040100; QYZDJ-SSW-JSC029);北京市自然科学基金委员会■■北京市教育委员会联合资助项目(编号:KZ201910017019);多相复杂系统国家重点实验室自主研究课题(编号:MPCS-2019-A-10)作者简介:孙晨阳(1993-),男,山东省滨州市人,硕士研究生,化学工程专业,E-mail: *************.cn :侯超峰,通讯联系人,E-mail:************.cn .引用格式:孙晨阳,侯超峰,葛蔚.LJ 势氮系统分子动力学模拟中截断半径的选择.过程工程学报,2021,213:259-264.Sun C Y, Hou C F, Ge W. Application of c utoff distance selection in molecular dynamics simulation of LJ argon system (in Chinese). Chin. J. Process Eng., 2021, 21(3): 259-264, DOI: 10.12034/j.issn. 1009-606X.220107.260过程工程学报第21卷LJ势氮系统分子动力学模拟中截断半径的选择孙晨阳12,侯超峰",葛蔚121.中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京1001902.中国科学院大学化学工程学院,北京100049摘要:近年来在分子动力学方法研究LJ(Lennard-Jones)势氨系统时,越来越多的计算建议釆用4.5cr甚至更大的截断半径为氨原子直径)。