动词不定式学案

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动词不定式:

一、基本结构:___________________ 否定:_________________

二、不定式做宾语

I can`t afford ___________a car.(buy) 我买不起汽车。

Remember ______________the lette.(post) 记得把信寄了。

I want _______________something.(eat) 我想吃东西。

总结:不定式作宾语时,放在__________________之后。

常用的动词不定式作宾语的动词有:

afford, agree, ask, decide, promise___________________________________________________

你可以找到更多的这样的动词吗?

拓展:

(一)不定式不仅用作动词的宾语,还可以作个别介词的宾语,如but、except.

1. I had no choice____________to wait. 除了等,我别无选择。

2. It had no effect _____________to make him angry.除了惹他生气以外,没产生任何效果。

(二)翻译

我感到学会日语不容易。

I find ____________________________________________.

他们发现不可能把一切按时准备好。

They found_____________________________________________________.

“主谓+不定式宾语+宾补”时,用_____代替不定式,句型变为___________________________.

“疑问词+不定式 ”作宾语

I don`t know______________________next.我不知道下一步该做什么。

I asked ___________________________the problem.我问如何解决这一问题。

He forgot__________________________such a book.他忘了去哪儿买这样一本书。

三、不定式与V-ing形式作宾语的区别

A: The light in the office is still on.

B: Oh, I forgot ______________.

A.turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having tunrned it off

总结:有些动词(短语)即可接动词-ing形式,又能接不定式作宾语。

但意义不一样,这类词有remember、forget等,

当它们后接不定式时表示动作_______完成,

接动词-ing形式时表示动作________完成。

1、我记得我已经做完作业了。

______________________________________________

2、我记得我要做作业。

_______________________________________________

remember to do__________________

remember doing__________________

根据remember,可以归纳出forget也有相似的规律。

forget to do______________________

forget doing______________________

I forgot ________________a notebook.我忘记买笔记本了.

I forgot_________________a notebook. 我忘记我已经买了笔记本了.

拓展stop to do_________________

stop doing_________________

try to do___________________

try doing___________________

go on to do__________________

go on doing__________________

四.不定式与V-ing形式作主语的区别

_______________is my favourite.(swim) 我喜欢游泳。

________________is difficult.=It is difficult ________.(swim)游泳很难。(复习:it作为________,代替__________________提前。)

总结:________做主语时,表示习惯性的,抽象的事情,是一种经验或已知的事情。

________做主语时,表示一次性的、具体的事情,是一种未完成或表目的事情。

练习:

1、______________is very interesting.学习英语很有趣。

2、_______,one needs much practice.

A. To learn swimming well B. To learn to swim well

C. Swimming to be learned well D. Learning swimming well

中考演练场

1.--My parents always tell me____others late at night.

--They`re right. It`s not polite.(2008.湖北中考)

A.call B.not call C. to call D.not to call

2.—Will you please show me ________Skype to talk to others?

---Sure ,it`s quite easy.(2008.石家庄)

A. how can I use B. what can I use C. what to use D. how to use

3. Alice pretented _______me when I passed by.

A. to not see B. not seeing C. not to see D. having not seen

4. Mr Brown asked us to stop _____,an we stopped _____to him at once.

A. talking ;to listen B. to talk ; to listen C. talking; listening D.to talk; listening

5. I try________the door,but she doesn`t agree.

A. to close B. closed C. closing D. picked

6. ___________now seems impossible .

A. Saving money B. To save money C. Being saved money D. To be saved money

作业:1、完成讲义剩下的题目,巩固本节课所学内容

2、预习不定式作定语的讲义,下节课小测。