中考复习试卷

人教版初中数学中考总复习试卷一．选择题（共10小题，满分30分，每小题3分）1．﹣5的绝对值是（）A．B．C．+5D．﹣52．下列图形中是轴对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．3．对于函数，下列说法错误的是（）A．这个函数的图象位于第二、第四象限B．当x＞0时，y随x的增大而增大C．这个函数的图象既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形D．当x＜0时，y随x的增大而减小4．如图所示，A、B两点在数轴上表示的数分别为a、b，下列式子成立的是（）A．ab＞0B．a﹣b＞0C．﹣a＜b D．a+b＜05．如图，△ABC内接于⊙O，A B为直径，CD为弦，连接AD，若∠ADC＝55°，则∠CAB的度数为（）A．25°B．35°C．36°D．40°6．在新冠肺炎防控期间，要了解某学校以下情况，其中适合用普查的有（）①了解学校口罩、洗手液、消毒片的储备情况；②了解全体师生在寒假期间的离校情况；③了解全体师生入校时的体温情况；④了解全体师生对“七步洗手法”的运用情况．A．1个B．2个C．3个D．47．下列命题中，正确的是（）A．对角线相等的四边形是矩形B．对角线互相垂直的四边形是菱形C．平行四边形的对角线平分且相等D．顺次连接菱形各边中点所得的四边形是矩形8．一条葡萄藤上结有五串葡萄，每串葡萄的粒数如图所示（单位：粒）．则这组数据的平均数、众数、中位数分别为（）A．37、37、32B．33.8、37、35C．37、33.8、35D．33.8、37、329．运用你学习函数的经验，判断以下哪个函数的图象如图所示（）A．y＝B．y＝C．y＝D．y＝10．已知M（b，m）和N（b+1，n）是二次函数y＝x2﹣bx+c（其中b，c是常数）上不同的两点，则判断m和n 的大小关系正确的是（）A．b＞0时，m＞n B．b＜0时，m＜n C．b＞﹣1时，m＜n D．b＜1时，m＞n二．填空题（共7小题，满分21分，每小题3分）11．2020年12月9日世卫组织公布，全球新冠肺炎确诊病例超6810万例，请用科学记数法表示6810万例为例．12．在一个不透明的盒子中装有8个白球，若干个黄球，它们除颜色不同外，其余均相同．若从中随机摸出一个球，它是白球的概率为，则黄球的个数为个．13．在Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，BC＝6，AB＝10，则cos A＝．14．在等腰三角形ABC中，它的两边长分别为7cm和3cm，则它的周长为cm．15．已知△ABC中，D是BC上一点，添加一个条件使得△ABC∽△DAC，则添加的条件可以是．16．在矩形ABCD中，AD＝5，AB＝4，点E，F在直线AD上，若四边形BCFE为菱形，则线段AF的长度为．17．在△ABC中，AB＝AC＝1，BC边上有2018个不同的点P1，P2，…P2018，记m i＝AP i2+BP i•P∁i（i＝1，2…2018），则m1+m2+…m2018＝．三．解答题（共8小题，满分69分）18．（6分）计算：|﹣|+（π﹣3）0﹣+3tan30°．19．（4分）分解因式：（1）﹣3a2+6ab﹣3b2；（2）9a2（x﹣y）+4b2（y﹣x）．20．（5分）解方程．（1）﹣3x2﹣4x+4＝0；（2）x2﹣6x+9＝（2x﹣1）2．21．（8分）如图，AB为⊙O的直径，C，E为⊙O上的两点，若AC平分∠EAB，CD⊥AE交于点D．（1）求证：D C是⊙O切线．（2）若AD＝，AB＝5，求DE的长．22．（10分）我区的数学爱好者申请了一项省级课题﹣﹣《中学学科核心素养理念下渗透数学美育的研究》，为了了解学生对数学美的了解情况，随机抽取部分学生进行问卷调查，按照“理解、了解、不太了解、不知道”四个类型，课题组绘制了如图两幅不完整的统计图，请根据统计图中提供的信息，回答下列问题：（1）本次调查共抽取了多少名学生？并补全条形统计图；（2）在扇形统计图中，“理解”所占扇形的圆心角是多少度？（3）我区七年级大约8000名学生，请估计“理解”和“了解”的共有学生多少名？23．（10分）甲乙两人分别驾车从A、B同时出发，沿同一条线路相向而行，甲从A地以速度52km/h匀速去B地，乙开始以速度v1km/h匀速行驶，中途速度改为v2km/h匀速行驶，到A恰好用时0.7h，两人距离A地的路程与各自离开出发地的时间之间的图象如图所示，求（1）A、B两地之间的路程为多少km及乙开始的速度v1；（2）当两人相距6km时，求t的值．24．（12分）（1）如图1，正方形ABCD和正方形DEFG（其中AB＞DE），连接CE，AG交于点H，请直接写出线段AG与CE的数量关系，位置关系；（2）如图2，矩形ABCD和矩形DEFG，AD＝2DG，AB＝2DE，AD＝DE，将矩形DEFG绕点D逆时针旋转α（0°＜α＜360°），连接AG，CE交于点H，（1）中线段关系还成立吗？若成立，请写出理由；若不成立，请写出线段AG，CE的数量关系和位置关系，并说明理由；（3）矩形ABCD和矩形DEFG，AD＝2DG＝6，AB＝2DE＝8，将矩形DEFG绕点D逆时针旋转α（0°＜α＜360°），直线AG，CE交于点H，当点E与点H重合时，请直接写出线段AE的长．25．（14分）如图，直线y＝x﹣4与x轴、y轴分别交于A，B两点，抛物线y＝x2+bx+c经过A，B两点，与x 轴的另一交点为C，连接BC．（1）求抛物线的解析式；（2）点M在抛物线上，连接MB，当∠MBA+∠CBO＝45°时，求点M的横坐标；（3）点P从点C出发，沿线段CA由C向A运动，同时点Q从点B出发沿线段BC由B向C运动，P，Q的运动速度都是每秒1个单位长度，当Q点到达C点时，P，Q同时停止运动，问在坐标平面内是否存在点D，使P，Q运动过程中的某些时刻t，以C，D，P，Q为顶点的四边形为菱形？若存在，直接写出t的值；若不存在，说明理由．参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共10小题，满分30分，每小题3分）1．解：|﹣5|＝5．故选：C．2．解：A、不是轴对称图形，故本选项不符合题意；B、是轴对称图形，故本选项符合题意；C、不是轴对称图形，故本选项不符合题意；D、不是轴对称图形，故本选项不符合题意．故选：B．3．解：A、∵k＝﹣2＜0，∴这个函数的图象位于第二、第四象限，故本选项正确；B、∵k＝﹣2＜0，∴当x＞0时，y随x的增大而增大，故本选项正确；C、∵此函数是反比例函数，∴这个函数的图象既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形，故本选项正确；D、∵k＝﹣2＜0，∴当x＜0时，y随x的增大而增大，故本选项错误．故选：D．4．解：由数轴可得：a＜0＜b，|a|＜|b|选项A：由于a，b异号，故不正确；选项B：由于a＜b，则a﹣b＜0，故不正确；选项C：﹣a＜b，正确；选项D：异号两数相加，取绝对值较大的加数的符号为和的符号，而b的绝对值大，故不正确．综上，只有C正确．故选：C．5．解：∵AB为⊙O的直径，∴∠ACB＝90°，∵∠B＝∠ADC＝55°，∴∠CAB＝90°﹣∠B＝90°﹣55°＝35°；故选：B．6．解：①了解学校口罩、洗手液、消毒片的储备情况适合普查；②了解全体师生在寒假期间的离锡情况适合普查；③了解全体师生入校时的体温情况适合普查；④了解全体师生对“七步洗手法”的运用情况适合抽样调查．故选：C．7．解：A、对角线相等的平行四边形是矩形，原命题是假命题，不符合题意；B、对角线互相垂直的平行四边形是菱形，原命题是假命题，不符合题意；C、平行四边形的对角线平分，原命题是假命题，不符合题意；D、顺次连接菱形各边中点所得的四边形是矩形，是真命题，符合题意；故选：D．8．解：平均数＝（28+37+32+37+35）＝33.8，∵该组数据中出现次数最多的数是37，∴该组数据的众数是37，将该组数据按从小到大依次排列为：28，32，35，37，37，处于中间位置的数为35，则中位数为35．故选：B．9．解：A．当x＝﹣2时，y＝﹣1，这与题中函数图象不符；B．当x＝0时，y＝无意义，这与题中函数图象不符；C．当自变量x取其相反数时，y＝＝，且x＝0时y＝1，这与函数图象相符合；D．当x＝﹣1时，函数y＝无意义，这与题中函数图象不符；故选：C．10．解：∵M（b，m）和N（b+1，n）是二次函数y＝x2﹣bx+c（其中b，c是常数）上不同的两点，∴m＝b2﹣b2+c＝c，n＝（b+1）2﹣b（b+1）+c＝b+1+c，当b+1＞0时，则b+1+c＞c，即b＞﹣1时，n＜m，当b+1＝0时，则b+1+c＝c，即b＝﹣1时，n＝m，当b+1＜0时，则b+1+c＜c，即b＜﹣1时，n＞m，故选：C．二．填空题（共7小题，满分21分，每小题3分）11．解：6810万＝68100000＝6.81×107．故选：6.81×107．12．解：∵在一个不透明的盒子中装有8个白球，从中随机摸出一个球，它是白球的概率为，设黄球有x个，根据题意得出：∴＝，解得：x＝4．故答案为：4．13．解：如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AB＝10，BC＝6，∴AC＝＝＝8，∴cos A＝＝＝，故答案为：．14．解：当7cm为腰，3cm为底，此时周长＝7+7+3＝17（cm）；当7cm为底，3cm为腰，则3+3＜7无法构成三角形，故舍去．故其周长是17cm．故答案为：17．15．解：添加∠B＝∠DAC，又∵∠C＝∠C，∴△ABC∽△DAC，故答案为：∠B＝∠DAC（答案不唯一）．16．解：分两种情况：①如图1所示：当点F在点D右侧时，在矩形ABCD中，AD＝5，AB＝4，∴CD＝AB＝4，BC＝AD＝5，∠ADB＝∠CDF＝90°，∵四边形BCFE为菱形，∴CF＝EF＝BE＝BC＝5，∴DF＝＝＝3，∴AF＝AD+DF＝5+3＝8；②如图2所示：当点F在点D左侧时，同①可得DF＝3，∴AF＝AD﹣DF＝5﹣3＝2．故答案为：2或8．17．解：如图所示：过点A作AD⊥BC于D，∵AB＝AC，∴BD＝CD．在Rt△ABD中，AB2＝AD2+BD2①在Rt△APD中，AP12＝AD2+P1D2②①﹣②得：AB2﹣AP12＝BD2﹣P1D2＝（BD+P1D）（BD﹣P1D）＝P1C•BP1，∴m1＝AB2＝AP12+BP1•P1C＝1，同理：m2＝AB2＝AP22+BP2•P2C＝1，m3＝AB2＝AP32+BP3•P3C…m1+m2+…+m2018＝1×2018＝2018，故答案为：2018．三．解答题（共8小题，满分69分）18．解：|﹣|+（π﹣3）0﹣+3tan30°＝+1﹣+3×＝1+．19．解：（1）原式＝﹣3（a2﹣2ab+b2）＝﹣3（a﹣b）2；（2）原式＝（x﹣y）（3a+2b）（3a﹣2b）．20．解：（1）∵a＝﹣3，b＝﹣4，c＝4，∴b2﹣4ac＝16﹣4×（﹣3）×4＝64＞0，∴x＝＝＝，∴x1＝﹣2，x2＝；（2）x2﹣6x+9＝（2x﹣1）2，x2﹣6x+9＝4x2﹣4x+1，3x2+2x﹣8＝0，（3x﹣4）（x+2）＝0，解得x1＝，x2＝﹣2．21．（1）证明：连接OC，∵OA＝OC，∴∠OCA＝∠OAC，∵AC平分∠DAB，∴∠DAC＝∠CAO，∴∠OCA＝∠DAC，∴OC∥AD，∵AD⊥DC，∴OC⊥DC，∵OC为半径，∴DC为⊙O的切线；（2）解：连接CE，∵AB为⊙O的直径，∴∠ACB＝90°，∴∠ACB＝∠D，又∵∠OAC＝∠OCA，∴△ADC∽△ACB，∴，即AC2＝AD•AB，∵AD＝，AB＝5，∴AC＝4，∴DC＝＝＝，BC＝＝＝3，∵∠DAC＝∠CAO，∴＝，∴CE＝BC＝3，∴DE＝＝＝．22．解：（1）本次调查共抽取学生为：＝400（名），∴不太了解的学生为：400﹣120﹣160﹣20＝100（名），补全条形统计图如下：（2）“理解”所占扇形的圆心角是：×360°＝108°；（3）8000×（40%+）＝5600（名），所以“理解”和“了解”的共有学生5600名．23．解：（1）由图象可得A、B两地之间的路程为26km，乙开始的速度v1：（26﹣16）÷0.2＝50（km/h），（2）甲走完全程所用时间为：26÷52＝0.5（h）；如图，点A、B、C、D的坐标分别为：（0，26），（0.2，16），（0.7，0），（0.5，26），由甲从A地以速度52km/h匀速去B地，可知直线OD的解析式为：y1＝52t（0≤t≤0.5）；设直线AB的解析式为y2＝kt+26，将（0.2，16）代入得：16＝0.2k+26，解得：k＝﹣50，∴y2＝﹣50t+26（0≤t≤0.2），设直线BC的解析式为y3＝mt+n，将（0.2，16），（0.7，0）代入得：，解得：，∴直线BC的解析式为y3＝﹣32t+22.4（0.2＜≤t≤0.7）．①当0≤t≤0.2时，﹣50t+26﹣52t＝6，解得：t＝（h）．②当0.2＜≤t≤0.5时，52t﹣（﹣32t+22.4）＝6，解得：t＝（h），综上，当t＝或（h）时，两人相距6km．24．解：（1）如图1，在正方形ABCD和正方形DEFG中，∠ADC＝∠EDG＝90°，∴∠ADE+∠EDG＝∠ADC+∠ADE，即∠ADG＝∠CDE，∵DG＝DE，DA＝DC，∴△GDA≌△EDC（SAS），∴AG＝CE，∠GAD＝∠ECD，∵∠COD＝∠AOH，∴∠AHO＝∠CDO＝90°，∴AG⊥CE，故答案为：相等，垂直；（2）不成立，CE＝2AG，AG⊥CE，理由如下：如图2，由（1）知，∠EDC＝∠ADG，∵AD＝2DG，AB＝2DE，AD＝DE，∴，＝＝，∴＝，∴△GDA∽△EDC，∴＝，即CE＝2AG，∵△GDA∽△EDC，∴∠ECD＝∠GAD，∵∠COD＝∠AOH，∴∠AHO＝∠CDO＝90°，∴AG⊥CE；（3）①当点E在线段AG上时，如图3，在Rt△EGD中，DG＝3，ED＝4，则EG＝5，过点D作DP⊥AG于点P，∵∠DPG＝∠EDG＝90°，∠DGP＝∠EGD，∴△DGP∽△EGD，∴＝，即，∴PD＝，PG＝，则AP＝＝＝，则AE＝AG﹣GE＝AP+GP﹣GE＝+﹣5＝；②当点G在线段AE上时，如图4，过点D作DP⊥AG于点P，∵∠DPG＝∠EDG＝90°，∠DGP＝∠EGD，同理得：PD＝，AP＝，由勾股定理得：PE＝＝，则AE＝AP+PE＝+＝；综上，AE的长为．25．解：（1）直线解析式y＝x﹣4，令x＝0，得y＝﹣4；令y＝0，得x＝4．∴A（4，0）、B（0，﹣4）．∵点A、B在抛物线y＝x2+bx+c上，∴，解得，∴抛物线解析式为：y＝x2﹣x﹣4．（2）设M（x，y），令y＝x2﹣x﹣4＝0，解得：x＝﹣3或x＝4，∴C（﹣3，0）．①当BM⊥BC时，如答图2﹣1所示．∵∠ABO＝45°，∴∠MBA+∠CBO＝45°，故点M满足条件．过点M1作M1E⊥y轴于点E，则M1E＝x，OE＝﹣y，∴BE＝4+y．∵tan∠M1BE＝tan∠BCO＝，∴，∴直线BM1的解析式为：y＝x﹣4，∴∴（舍去），∴点M1的坐标（，﹣）②当BM与BC关于y轴对称时，如答图2﹣2所示．∵∠ABO＝∠MBA+∠MBO＝45°，∠MBO＝∠CBO，∴∠MBA+∠CBO＝45°，故点M满足条件．过点M2作M2E⊥y轴于点E，则M2E＝x，OE＝y，∴BE＝4+y．∵tan∠M2BE＝tan∠CBO＝，∴，∴直线BM2的解析式为：y＝x﹣4，∴∴（舍去），∴点M2的坐标（5，），综上所述：点M的横坐标为：或5；（3）设∠BCO＝θ，则tanθ＝，sinθ＝，cosθ＝．假设存在满足条件的点D，设菱形的对角线交于点E，设运动时间为t．①若以CQ为菱形对角线，如答图3﹣1．此时BQ＝t，菱形边长＝t．∴CE＝CQ＝（5﹣t）．在Rt△PCE中，cosθ＝＝＝，解得t＝．②若以PQ为菱形对角线，如答图3﹣2．此时BQ＝t，菱形边长＝t．∵BQ＝CQ＝t，∴t＝，③若以CP为菱形对角线，如答图3﹣3．此时BQ＝t，菱形边长＝5﹣t．在Rt△CE Q中，cosθ＝＝＝，解得t＝．综上所述，当t＝或或时，以C，D，P，Q为顶点的四边形为菱形．。

2023年中考复习考试语文试卷（全解）一、语文积累与运用(35分)1.默写。

(10分)(1)追寻诗人的足迹，感受山川的浪漫、文字的隽永，让我们跟着诗歌去旅行。

诗歌中有“山”的雄壮，《望岳》中“，”，展露出青年杜甫宏伟的抱负；诗歌中有“水”的柔情，“，万里送行舟”，是李白对故乡的眷恋；诗歌中有“花”的美丽和希望，陆游《游山西村》中的“，”，千百年来激励着人们，面临困境，不改初心！(2)月亮是美的，总能勾起诗人无限思绪。

“明月别枝惊鹊，清风半夜鸣蝉”，这是辛弃疾《西江月·夜行黄沙道中》的语句，写景生动，独具特色，温庭筠《商山早行》中“，”两句可与之相媲美。

水面上的月光又不同，范仲淹《岳阳楼记》中“，”两句则是通过生动的比喻写出湖上月光之美。

夜晚的月引人思怀，苏轼在《水调歌头·明月几时有》以乐观旷达的情怀、热烈奔放的感情，向世人发出美好的祝愿“但愿人长久，______________”。

答案：（1）会当凌绝顶一览众山小仍怜故乡水山重水复疑无路柳暗花明又一村（2）鸡声茅店月人迹板桥霜浮光跃金静影沉璧千里共婵娟点睛：对接全国多地真题。

本题考查古诗文运用和默写。

解析：解答此类题目要读懂语境，首先要熟悉学过的古诗文，其次要根据语境，再结合所给的诗歌提示，确定相应的诗句。

（1）根据语境看，《望岳》含有“山”展露宏伟的抱负，应想到只有“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小”符合。

根据语段“诗歌中有‘水’的柔情”以及对应的诗句和提示，应是“仍怜故乡水”。

根据语段“诗歌中有‘花’的美丽和希望”，联系所给诗歌和“激励着人们，面临困境，不改初心”的提示，就能想到“山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村”一句。

（2）题干中说“明月别枝惊鹊，清风半夜鸣蝉”写景独具特色，分析可知，诗句特色是名词堆砌，再根据提示，《商山早行》中只有“鸡声茅店月，人迹板桥霜”与之异曲同工。

《岳阳楼记》中写湖面月光的只有“浮光跃金，静影沉碧”一句。

《水调歌头·明月几时有》中寄托诗人的美好祝愿，再根据上句提示，只有“千里共婵娟”一句符合。

2024年宁夏英语中考复习试卷及解答参考一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、What are the speakers mainly discussing?A) The importance of exercise for children.B) The benefits of reading books.C) The impact of technology on family life.Answer: B) The benefits of reading books.Explanation: The conversation between the two speakers focuses on the positive effects of reading books, including improved cognitive skills and better family interactions.2、How does the woman suggest the man should handle his stress?A)By taking a walk.B)By watching a movie.C)By trying a new hobby.Answer: A) By taking a walk.Explanation: The woman advises the man to go for a walk as a way to relieve stress, suggesting that physical activity can be beneficial for mental health.3、You will hear a short conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the question that follows.Question: What does the second student suggest they do for the weekend?A)Go to the beach.B)Watch a movie at home.C)Visit a museum.Answer: C) Visit a museum.Explanation: In the conversation, the second student mentions that they have been wanting to see the new exhibit at the art museum and thinks it would bea great weekend activity. This indicates that they suggest visiting a museum.4、You will hear a short dialogue between a customer and a salesperson ina clothing store. Listen carefully and answer the following question.Question: What size does the salesperson recommend for the customer?A)SmallB)MediumC)LargeAnswer: B) MediumExplanation: The salesperson listens to the customer’s description of their body measurements and then suggests, “Well, based on what you’ve told me, I think a Medium would be a good fit for you.” This indicates that the salesperson recommends a Medium size.5、What does the man suggest doing on Saturday?A. Going to the moviesB. Visiting a museumC. Having a picnic in the parkAnswer: C. Having a picnic in the parkExplanation: In the conversation, the man mentions that the weather forecast predicts sunny weather for the weekend and suggests taking advantage of it by having a picnic in the park. Therefore, the correct answer is C.6、How will the woman get to the airport?A. By taxiB. By busC. The man will drive herAnswer: A. By taxiExplanation: When discussing travel arrangements to the airport, the woman states that she has already booked a taxi for early morning because her flight is at six AM, which means she will be taking a taxi to the airport. Thus, the correct answer is A.This is a simple example of what the listening section might look like. Please note that actual recordings would typically accompany these questions so students can listen and then select their answers.7.What is the man’s opinion about the new fitness center in the neighborhood?A)He thinks it’s a great addition to the community.B)He’s concerned about the noise it might cause.C)He doesn’t see the point of joining a fitness center.D)He’s worried about the security of the area.Answer: B) He’s concerned about the noise it might cause.Explanation: The man expresses his concern about the noise the new fitnesscenter might generate, which suggests that he is worried about the impact it might have on the neighborhood.8.Why does the woman prefer to walk to work instead of taking the bus?A)She enjoys the exercise it provides.B)She’s trying to save money on transportation.C)She believes it’s faster than taking the bus.D)She doesn’t like crowded buses.Answer: A) She enjoys the exercise it provides.Explanation: The woman mentions that walking to work is a good way to stay active and get some exercise, which indicates that her preference for walking is based on health and fitness reasons.9.You will hear a short conversation between two friends. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the question.What is the woman’s major in college?A. MathematicsB. LiteratureC. EngineeringD. MedicineAnswer: B. LiteratureExplanation: The woman mentions that she is majoring in English Literature, which corresponds to option B.10.Listen to the following dialogue and answer the question.What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Take a break.B. Have a cup of coffee.C. Continue working.D. Go for a walk.Answer: A. Take a break.Explanation: The man suggests that the woman takes a break from her work to relax and recharge, which aligns with option A.11、What does the woman suggest the man do about his presentation?A. Practice more in front of his friends.B. Use more visual aids in his presentation.C. Speak louder and clearly.Correct Answer: B. Use more visual aids in his presentation.Explanation: In the dialogue, the woman advises the man that using more visual aids could help make his presentation more engaging and easier to understand, which indicates that option B is the correct choice.12、How will the speakers most likely travel to the conference?A. By train.B. By car.C. By airplane.Correct Answer: C. By airplane.Explanation: During their conversation, one speaker mentions checking their luggage, which suggests they are planning to fly to the conference. This detailpoints to option C being the right answer.13.You will hear a short conversation between two friends. Listen carefully and answer the question.Question: What does the man suggest they do for the weekend?A. Go shopping.B. Watch a movie.C. Go for a hike.D. Visit a museum.Answer: BExplanation: The man suggests they go to the cinema to watch a new movie that just came out, which indicates he is recommending they watch a movie.14.You will hear a monologue about the importance of exercise. Listen carefully and answer the question.Question: According to the speaker, what is the main benefit of regular exercise?A. Improved sleep quality.B. Better concentration at work.C. Increased energy levels.D. Reduced stress.Answer: DExplanation: The speaker emphasizes that regular exercise can significantly reduce stress levels, which is the main benefit mentioned in the monologue.15、What does the woman suggest the man do about his essay?A)He should start writing it right away.B)He should change the topic of his essay.C)He should ask the professor for an extension.Correct Answer: A) He should start writing it right away.Explanation: In the dialogue, the woman advises the man that procrastination will only make things harder, implying he should begin working on his essay immediately rather than delaying.16、When is the deadline for the assignment?A)Next MondayB)This FridayC)Next weekCorrect Answer: B) This FridayExplanation: During their talk, the man mentions that the assignment is due at the end of the week, which the woman confirms is this coming Friday, indicating that he has a limited amount of time to complete it.17.You are going to listen to a conversation between two friends discussing their weekend plans. Listen carefully and answer the question.Question: What activity does the woman suggest they do on Saturday afternoon?A) Go shoppingB) Visit a museumC) Go for a picnicD) Take a hikeAnswer: B) Visit a museumExplanation: The woman mentions, “I heard there’s an art exhibit at the museum downtown. Why don’t we go check it out this Saturday?” This indicates that she suggests visiting a museum.18.You are going to listen to a short lecture about the impact of climate change on agriculture. Listen carefully and answer the question.Question: What is one of the main challenges climate change poses to agricultural production according to the lecture?A) Increased availability of waterB) Decreased soil fertilityC) Enhanced pest resistanceD) Higher crop yieldsAnswer: B) Decreased soil fertilityExplanation: The lecture mentions that “One of the major challenges climate change presents to agriculture is the potential for decreased soil fertility due to extreme weather events and changes in precipitation patterns.” This statement aligns with option B.19、You will hear a conversation between a teacher and a student about a missed class. What reason does the student give for not attending the lecture?A. The student was ill.B. There was a transportation problem.C. The student had another class at the same time.D. The student forgot about the class.Correct Answer: B. There was a transportation problem.Explanation: In the dialogue, the student mentions that there was a delay with the public transport system, which caused them to miss the class. The teacher acknowledges this as a valid reason due to the recent weather conditions affecting transport schedules.20、Listen to a short passage about a school trip. According to the passage, what activity is NOT mentioned as part of the itinerary?A. Visiting a museum.B. Going on a guided nature walk.C. Attending a workshop on environmental conservation.D. Watching a performance at a local theater.Correct Answer: D. Watching a performance at a local theater.Explanation: The passage describes the activities planned for the school trip, which include visiting a museum, going on a guided nature walk, and participating in a workshop on environmental conservation. Watching a performance at a local theater is not included in the activities described during the trip.二、阅读理解（30分）Reading ComprehensionPassage:The following is an excerpt from a travel guidebook about the city of Kyoto, Japan.Kyoto, often referred to as the “City of Kyoto” or “The Old Capital,” is one of the most historically significant cities in Japan. It was the capital of Japan for over a millennium until Tokyo took over the role in the late 19th century. Today, Kyoto is renowned for its well-preserved traditional architecture, beautiful gardens, and numerous temples and shrines.One of the most famous sights in Kyoto is the Fushimi Inari Shrine, known for its thousands of vermilion torii gates that line the path up the mountain. These gates are donated by individuals and companies to mark their gratitude for various blessings or in memory of loved ones.Another must-visit destination is the Kinkaku-ji, or the Golden Pavilion. This Zen Buddhist temple is covered in gold leaf and reflects beautifully on the surrounding water. It’s a popular spot for both locals and tourists, especially during the cherry blossom season.Kyoto’s culinary scene is also a highlight, with a variety of traditional Japanese dishes available. From sushi to tempura, the city offers a taste of authentic Japanese flavors. One of the most famous Kyoto dishes is kaiseki, a multi-course meal that emphasizes seasonal ingredients and presentation.Questions:1.What was Kyoto’s significance in Japanese history?A) It was the capital city for over a century.B) It was the cultural center of Japan in the 19th century.C) It was the capital of Japan for over a millennium.D) It was the first city to adopt the Shinto religion.2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a famous sight in Kyoto?A) Fushimi Inari ShrineB) Kinkaku-jiC) Mount FujiD) Arashiyama Bamboo Grove3.What is the main characteristic of the Fushimi Inari Shrine?A) It is a Zen Buddhist temple covered in gold leaf.B) It is known for its thousands of vermilion torii gates.C) It is the oldest temple in Kyoto.D) It is a modern amusement park.Answers:1.C) It was the capital of Japan for over a millennium.2.C) Mount Fuji3.B) It is known for its thousands of vermilion torii gates.三、完型填空（15分）Section 3: ClozeRead the following passage and choose the best word for each blank from the options given below.In the small town of Willow Creek, there was once a [1] library that servedas a hub of community activity. The library was known for its [2] collection of books, which included rare and ancient texts. However, the library’s most prized possession was a mysterious [3] that had been hidden away for decades.One day, a young historian named Emily decided to [4] the library’s archives. She was curious about the library’s past and hoped to uncover any forgotten stories. As she sorted through the old documents, she stumbled upon a letter that mentioned the existence of a secret room. The letter described it as a place where the town’s most important secrets were kept.Emily spent weeks trying to find the entrance to the secret room. She followed clues that led her to different parts of the library, but it seemed as if someone was always one step ahead of her. Finally, after much frustration, she discovered a small, hidden panel behind a bookshelf. Behind the panel was a narrow staircase leading to a dark, dusty room.Inside the room, Emily found a series of locked boxes. Each box contained a different piece of the town’s history. She carefully opened the boxes and read the letters, diaries, and photographs that were inside. The stories she uncovered were both fascinating and shocking.One of the most surprising discoveries was that the library itself had been established by a wealthy benefactor who wanted to create a place where people could learn from the past and shape a better future. The library had been a place of [5] for generations, and Emily felt a deep sense of responsibility to ensure that its legacy would continue.1.A) beautiful B) popular C) forgotten D) grand2.A) diverse B) scattered C) rare D) extensive3.A) artifact B) manuscript C) diary D) map4.A) examine B) neglect C) ignore D) ignore5.A) solitude B) secrecy C) education D) controversyANSWERS: 1. B) popular 2. D) extensive 3. A) artifact 4. A) examine 5. C) education四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、The teacher__________(be) very strict with her students, and shealways__________(expect) them to work hard.A. is; expectsB. was; expectedC. were; expectingD. be; expected答案：A解析：第一空应填一般现在时，因为描述的是老师一贯的行为特点。

江西省中考物理真题复习试卷学校：__________ 姓名：__________ 班级：__________ 考号：__________注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、单选题1．下列现象中不能用分子热运动的观点解释的是（）A．荣县旭水大曲的瓶盖一开，酒香四溢B．金块和铅块紧压在一起，过几年后会发现铅中有金，金中有铅。

C．沙尘暴起。

尘土满天D．衣橱里的樟脑球会越变越小2．有甲乙两台机器，甲做的功是乙做功的2倍，而乙做功所花的时间是甲的一半，由此可知（）。

A．甲做功快．B．乙做功快．C．甲、乙做功一样快．3．“远征号”潜水艇从长江某基地赴东海执行任务过程中（）A．潜水艇在海水中潜行时所受的浮力大于在江水中潜行时所受的浮力B．潜水艇在海水中潜行时所受的浮力等于在江水中潜行时所受的浮力C．潜水艇在海水中潜行时所受的重力小于在江水中潜行时所受的重力D．潜水艇在海水中潜行时所受的重力等于在江水中潜行时所受的重力4．如图是自卸车的示意图，车厢部分可视为杠杆，则下列分析正确的是 ............... （）A．B点支点，液压杆施加的力是动力，货物重力是阻力；B．B是支点，物体A放在车厢前部分可省力；C．C点支点，物体A放在车厢后部分可省力；D．C点支点，物体A放在车厢前部分可省力。

5．关于平均速度，下列说法正确的是:（）A．平均速度能精确地反映物体运动的快慢;B．平均速度只能粗略地反映物体运动的快慢;C．匀速直线运动的平均速度和瞬时速度不相同;D．以上说法都不对6．测得一木块的质量是10.8g，体积是24cm3。

木块的密度是多少kg/m3？（）7．在研究“磁极间的相互作用规律”时，实验小组的同学分别设计了如下四个方案，其中最合理的是............................................................................................................................. （）A．两人各拿一块条形磁铁，并将各自的一个磁极相互靠近B．用一块条形磁铁的一个磁极靠近另一块条形磁铁中间C．将放在粗糙桌面上的两块条形磁铁的磁极相互靠近D．用条形磁铁的一个磁极靠近另一块用细线悬挂并静止的条形磁铁的一个磁极8．如图所示的自动控制电路中，当开关S断开时，工作电路的情况是：（）A．灯亮，电动机转动，电铃响;B．灯亮，电动机转动，电铃不响;C．灯不亮，电动机不转动，电铃响;D．灯亮，电动机不转动，电铃响.9．家用的普通照明灯，正常发光时，通过灯丝的电流约为............................................ (）A．200μA B．200mA C．0.02A D．2A10．下表是标准大气压下一些物质的熔点和沸点。