CET-4翻译新题型练习：挫折

汉译英高分策略
• 对于四级的翻译，考生可以遵照一个通用的四步法则 来进行，即首先读全原句(英文和中文)，找出主干； 第二，翻译主干；第三，添加枝叶；最后，通读全句， 检查错误。 • 在这里需要强调的是，在翻译之前一定要读全原句， 并且英文和中文都要细读。为什么要细读英文，因为 其中很可能会隐含一些题眼。如：Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ______(找到去 历史博物馆的路）。如果不读完全句，你很有可能会 忽视短语have no trouble 后面接(in) doing。另外， 考生需要注意的是，考试时切忌在没有理解清楚句义 的情况下就执笔翻译。此题在执笔翻译之前应该先抓 出本句的主干，即“ 找到…路”, find the way to; 而枝叶是“历史博物馆”, history museum；最后拼 接在一起，即 (in) finding the way to the history museum
• 4．（0606-No.88） ___________（为了挣钱供 我上学），Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. • ( In order to support my university studies; to finance my education; to pay for my education; to pay my tuition fees) • 5．（0612-No.87）Specialists in intercultural studies says that it is not easy to __________ (适应不同文化中的生活） • (adapt oneself to life/living in different cultures) • 6．（0612-No.91）The nation’s population contimues to rise __________(以每年1200万人 的速度） • ( at a speed / rate of 12 million per year 或 at an annual speed of 12 million)

CET4 翻译专项训练1._____ ( 据说) the painter used his aunt as the model in that painting.2.Most of the people who die in earthquakes _____ ( 是正在倒塌的建筑物砸死的).3. Most people tend to believe that “ the newer, the better, ” _____ ( 尽管并不总是这样).4. _____ ( 没有人不称赞他们) for their great accomplishment.5. _____ ( 毫无疑问) he is qualified for the job.1. It is said that2. are killed by falling buildings3. though that is not always the case4. There is no one who does not praise them5. There is no doubt that6. This leaflet tells you _____ (怎样在旅行期间防止生病).7. The book is _____ (我够不着); would you please pass it to me?8. I’m not accustomed to such luxury, _____ (它简直是浪费钱).9. He came to the meeting _____ (不顾重病).10. Then I found myself _____ (被许多男孩子包围着).1. how to avoid getting ill while traveling2. beyond my reach3. which is just a waste of money4. despite his serious illness、in spite of his serious illness5. surrounded by many boys11.The substance does not dissolve in water _____ (不管是否加热).12. Not only _____ (他向我收费过高), but didn’t do a good repair job.13. Your losses in trade this year are nothing _____ (与我相比).14. On average, it is said, visitors spend only_____ (一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London.15. By contrast, American mothers were more likely _____ (把孩子的成功归因于) natural talent1. whether (it is) heated or not2. did he charge me too much3. compared with mine4. half as much (money)5. to attribute their children’s success to16. The club __________ （采用一套新的制度）concerning its membership.17. My parents are ________ （不同意）our picnic plan.18. The swimmer caught in the whirlpool__________ （挣扎着避免溺水. ）19. The carpet was __________ （固定在地板上）with tacks.20. （2 天了都没有走出沙漠，又没有水喝）__________his thirst was unquenchable.1.dopted a new set of rules2.averse to3.struggled to keep from drowning4.fastened to the floor5.Having been in the desert without water for two days21. There is no rush now --- _____ (比赛已经取消了).22. I’m not supposed to let anyone in without a card, _____ (但对你我就破一次例).23. _____ (我们得把休假日推迟) until you’re better.24. Don’t bother carrying all those things, _____ (我本不想给你添许多麻烦).25. _____ (我不大想去参加那个聚会), but I’d better put in an appearance.1. the match has been called off2. but I’ll make an exception in your case3. We’ll have to put off (going on) vacation4. I didn’t mean to give you a lot of trouble5. I don’t really want to go to the party26. __________________ （直到失去健康）that people know the value of health.27. The bag was stuffed____________________( 脏衣服）28. ___________________ （很多朋友不在），we decided to put the meeting off.29. _______________________ （给我印象最深的）were her liveliness and sense of humor.30. There engines are___________________ （不如我们制造的那些发动机功率大）.1.It is not until they lose it2.with dirty clothes3.With many friends absent4.What impressed me the most5.less powerful than the ones we have made31.A lot of people nowadays have muscular problems in the neck, the shoulders and the back _____ ( 主要是由于工作中的压力和紧张造成的).32. More than 3 million children have health insurance now, and ___ ( 超过250 万的家庭已经摆脱贫困).33. _______ ( 除主席之外的所有成员都投票赞成我的建议)to set up a branch office in the suburbs.34. The emergence of e-commerce and the fast-growing Internet economy are ___ ( 为中国的国内外贸易提供了新的增长机遇).35. The population of elderly people is increasing rapidly because people are living longer than before___ ( 发达国家尤为如此).1. mainly due to stress and tension in their work2. more than two and a half million families have been lifted out of poverty3. All the members except the Chairman voted for my proposal4. providing new growth opportunities for China's foreign and domestic trade5. especially in developed countries36. It is easy to see that the people of different cultures _______________________ (总是相互借鉴的).37. Tom kept quiet about the accident _____________________ (为了不丢掉他的工作).38. The government that refuses to meet the needs of its people _________________________ (必定自食其果).39. ______________________ (从太空看)，the earth looks like a huge water covered globe.40. Industrial communities should be close enough to crowded centers _____________________________ (但也要足够远以降低潜在的危机).1. have always copied each other2. so as not to lose his job3. must bear the consequence4. Seen from space5. but distant enough to reduce potential dangers41. ___________________________ (批评与自我批评是非常必要的)in that it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.42. Frequently single-parent children take on some of the functions that _________________________ (这些义务本来由他的父亲或母亲履行的).43. Despite __________________________ （机票涨价），most people still prefer to travel by plane.44. ___________________________ (工人们的要求是适度的)，they only asked for a small raise in their wages.45. __________________________ (我宁愿出来找工作)instead of moping around here every day.1. Criticism and self-criticism is necessary2. the absent adult in the house would have served3. Despite the increase in airfares4. The workers’ demands were moderate5. I would rather go out to look for a job46. Now _______________________ (需要学习外语)is becoming greater and greater.47. Everybody seemed to have known about his scandal, and only ______________________ (他妻子蒙在鼓里).48. The patients’ heath failed to _______________________ (严重恶化需要精心护理).49. Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that _________________________ (这一媒体的影响力被夸大了).50. _________________________ (如果这种动物的数量少了)，our future generation won’t even have a chance to see it.1.the need to learn foreign languages2. his wife was kept in the dark3. such an extent that he was put into intensive care4. the power of the medium is exaggerated5. If this kind of animal becomes scarce51. There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that __________________________ (我都拿不定主意买哪一种).52. The light in the office is still on._________________________ (他忘记关了).53. His composition was so confusing that _____________________________ (我简直看不懂).54. As the saying goes, reading without reflecting is like __________________________ (吃饭不消化).55. _______________________ (他的回答是这样) that he didn’t say yes and he didn’t say no.1. I can’t make up my mind which to buy.2. He forget to turn it off3. I could hardly make any sense of it4. eating without digesting5. His response was such56. The substance does not dissolve in water _______________________ (不管是否加热).57. Not only ________________________ (他向我收费过高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job either.58. Your losses in trade this year are nothing ________________________ (与我的相比).59. On average, it is said, visitors spend only _________________________ (一半的钱)in a day in Leeds as in London.60. By contrast, America mothers were more likely ____________________________ (把孩子的成功归因于)natural talent.1. whether it is heated or not2. did he charge me too much/ did he overcharge me3. compared with mine/ in comparison with mine4. half as much money5. to attribute their children’s success to61. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to __________________________ （适应不同文化中的的生活).62. Since my childhood I have found that __________________________ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).63. The victim ___________________________ (本来会有机会活下来)if he had been taken to hospital in time .64. Some psychologists claim that people _____________________________ (出门在外时可能会感到孤独).65. The nation’s population continues to rise ____________________ (以每年1200万人的速度).1. adapt oneself to life/ living in different cultures2. nothing is more attractive to me than reading/to me, nothing is more attractive than reading3. nothing is would have had a chance to survive/would have a chance of survival4. might feel lonely when they are far from home/when they are traveling5. at a speed/rate of 12 million per year/at an annual speed /rate of 12 million66. The finding of this study failed to _________________________ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).67. The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _____________________________ (我们可以合作的领域).68. Because of the leg injury, the athlete ___________________________ (决定退出比赛).69. To make donations or for more information,_____________________________ (按以下地址和我们联系).70. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _____________ (如果你方便的话).1. to take people’s sleep quality into account/consideration2. the field （where）we can cooperate/ the field in which we can cooperate3. decided to quit the match4. please contact us at the following address5. if it is convenient for you/at your convenience71. Only in the small town ________________________ (他才感到安全和放松).72. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty_____________ (集中注意力在实验上).73. Our years of hard work are all in vain, ________________________ (更别提我们花费的大量金钱了).74. Despite the hardship he encountered, Mark never_________________________(放弃对知识的追求).75. ________________________ (多亏了一系列的新发明), doctors and treat this disease successfully.71. does he feel secure and relaxed72. (in) concentrating on the experiment/ focusing her attention on the experiment.73. not to mention / let alone the large amount of money we have spent74. gave up the pursuit of knowledge.70. Thanks to a series of new inventions。

档次 评 分 标 准 13-15分 译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅 ，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。 10-12分 译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯， 无重大语言错误。 7-9分 4-6分 1-3分 译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错 误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。 译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。用词不准确， 有相当多的严重语言错误。 译文支离破碎。除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字 没有表达原文意思。
样题
剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流 行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有 一千五百多年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期 （the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别 流行。人们常用剪纸美化居家环境。特别 是在春节和婚庆期间，剪纸被用来装饰门 窗和房间，以增加喜庆的气氛。剪纸最常 用的颜色是红色，象征健康和兴旺。中国 剪纸在世界各地很受欢迎，经常被用作馈 赠外国友人的礼物。
汉译英的 基本技巧
一、翻译的基本方法： 直译 ＆
句子结构，不是死译。 语的特点。
意译
直译：保持原文内容、又保持原文形式，基本保留原有 意译：只保持原文内容、不保持原文形式，更多考虑英
如： 我们的朋友遍天下。 Our friends are all over the world. (直译) We have friends all over the world.（意译） 直译与意译相互关联，互为补充，两种译法可以并用
汉语 VS 英语 不同表达习惯
一、英语重结构，汉语重语义； 二、英语多长句，汉语多短句 ； 三、英语多从句，汉语多分句 ； 四、主语，宾语等名词成分“英语多代词，汉语多名词”； 五、英语多被动，汉语多主动 ； 六、英语多变化，汉语多重复 ； 七、英语多抽象，汉语多具体 ； 八、英语多引申，汉语多推理 。

CET-4 专项训练【翻译】1.Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, ________________________ (而不是按你自己的意思去解释)2. She reached the top of the hill and ____________________ （停下来休息）on a big rock by the side of the path.3. Your proposal looks good on paper, but I am not convinced _________________________ (它能付诸实施).4. The mad man was put in the soft padded cell __________________________ (以免他伤害了自己).5. The newcomers found it impossible to ____________________ (适应气候) sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.1.She ___________________ (感到内疚)about not telling the police what hadactually happened.2. Many a time ___________________ (警告过那孩子不要玩火) but he turns a deafear to the warnings.3. In manufacturing industries sometypes of plastics have become _______________________ (取代了金属).4. Without a sure supply of water,farming in that area remains_________________________ (靠天吃饭).5. It was because she was inexperienced_____________________ (她不知道如何应对这种形式).1. It is __________________ (当物体加热时)that the average speed of molecules is increased.2. In family, she showed her special favor toward the youngest son, _____________________ (这使得其他的几个孩子嫉妒).3. Regarding our current Director of Finance,____________________ (他去或留) is no consequence to me.4. The offence which he ___________________ (被控告) carries a heavy penalty according to the law.5. The fact is that Chinese scientists _______________________ (已取得巨大进步)in this field in the past few years.1.________________________ (还要经过一段时间)，before he would see his father again.2.They could hardly keep themselves alive, ____________________ (更别提照顾老婆孩子).3. I tend to feel that the fact ______________________ (和你以前告诉我的不一致).4. My father seemed to __________________ (没心情看我的学校成绩报告单).5. Putting in a new window will _____________________ (拆除部分屋顶).1.______________________ (在地震中遭到破坏)，all the tall buildings in the city had to be rebuilt.2. Were it _____________________ (要不是大气层)，the stars could be seen shining at any time in the day.3. The speaker urged the coal-miners to ____________________ (维护自己的权利)，no matter how difficult it would be.4. The local government has decided to _____________________ (拆除旧城区)to build a central park.5. I really found it hard to ___________________ (忍住脾气)with so many things going wrong.1.___________________________ (批评与自我批评是非常必要的)in that it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.2. Frequently single-parent children take on some of the functionsthat _________________________ (这些义务本来由他的父亲或母亲履行的).3. Despite __________________________ （机票涨价），most people still prefer to travel by plane.4. ___________________________ (工人们的要求是适度的)，they only asked for a small raise in their wages.5. __________________________ (我宁愿出来找工作)instead of moping around here every day.1. In the old society，five hundred million careworn people _________________ （生活在水深火热之中）.2. We think it most important that _______________（理论与实际相结合）.我要高分3. _____________（不论晴雨），we’ll have to go tomorrow.4.This is ________________（正是要找的人）we are looking for5.Their income is ________________（一般家庭的3～5倍）.1. _________________（我没有买到一张好票）for yesterday’s movie.2. It’s confirmed that _______________（铁路将延伸到我们村子）.3. The new manager of our company _____________（有很强的事业心）.4. When I walked past his house，________________（我听见他在弹钢琴）.5. ________________（学生们应该从这里得出一条经验）：Don’t be misled by false appearances.1. It is easy to see that the people of different cultures _______________________ (总是相互借鉴的).2. Tom kept quiet about the accident _____________________ (为了不丢掉他的工作).3. The government that refuses to meet the needs of its people _________________________ (必定自食其果).4．______________________ (从太空看)，the earth looks likea huge water covered globe.5. Industrial communities should be close enough to crowded centers _____________________________ (但也要足够远以降低潜在的危机).1. Wearing a seat belt saves lives; it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.2.But it will be the driver’s responsibility to make sure that children under 14 do not ride in the front unless they are wearing a seat belt of some kind.3.However, you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing your vehicle; or you are making a local delivery or collection using a special vehicle; or if you have a valid medical certificate which excuses you from wearing it.4.Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so, and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.采集者退散5. Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of aging could he slowed down.。