初中英语易混词辨析

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易混词辨析

1、pull与push

pull v. 拉、牵、扯

push v. 推

2、look like 与 be like

look like,表示“看起来像...”,指的是“外观上像”。

be like,指“品德,相貌”等。例如:

(1)—what does he look like?

—He looks like his father.

(2)—What is she like?

—She is very kind.

3、hope与wish

(1)hope,表示可以实现的愿望。

hope+(that)从句(从句用陈述句语气)

hope to do sth.

hope sb. to do sth.(不能接动词不定式的复合结构)

(2)wish, 表示难以实现的愿望。

wish+(that)从句(从句多用虚拟语气)

wish to do sth.

wish sb. to do sth.

4、in front of 与 in the front of

in front of

某一空间外部的前面;

in the front of

某一空间内部的前面。例:

(1) In front of my home runs a small river.

5、—ing与—ed

以ed结尾的形容词一般修饰“人”

以ing结尾的形容词一般修饰“某物”或者“某事”。例如:

Boring(令人厌烦的) bored(感到厌烦的)

Exciting(令人激动的) excited(感到激动的)

6、 die of 原因长来自内部,后常接hunger, illness, old age, cancer 等

die from 原因常来自于外部,由环境、交通事故等方面的外部

原因,后常接accident, overwork, drinking, smoking.

7、 either...or...

Neither...nor... 连接两个成分作主语时,强调其中之一,

not only...but also... 谓语动词遵循就近原则。

both... and..连接两个并列成分作主语,谓语动词用复数形式。

(1) This is my twin sister Lucy. Both she and I are good at drawing.

(2) Neither you nor he is able to finish the work in an hour.

8、everyday adj.日常的,普通的

every day 副词词组,做状语,表示“每天,天天”。

9、 quite一般放在不定冠词a/an之前

very只能放在不定冠词a/an之后 10、

beat的宾语经常是“对手”,是人或一个集体,如:a team, a group

等,指在游戏竞争中击败对手。

win后面接某物(如比赛、战斗、奖品等)作宾语。

defeat是普通用词,多用于被动语态,指在战争、比赛中战胜

对手,后常接“人”作宾语。

11、 be mad at sb

be angry with sb. 对某人生气

12、 at a time 每次,一次;

at one time 指“在过去某一时期,曾一度”,常用于一般过去式;

at times相当于sometimes,意为“有时,偶尔”。

at the time 那时,在那段时间

at the moment 此时,此刻

(1) It was hard for me to understand at the time, but now I do.

(2)Danna often lets her son answer one question at a time.

戴安娜经常让她的儿子一次回答一个问题。

(3)At one time, three ships sailed every day from Yantai to Dalian.

曾经每天有三艘轮船从烟台开往大连。

(4)He can be really bad-tempered at times.

他有时候脾气可真坏。

(5) The Smiths are having dinner at home at the moment.

13、 use...to do...固定用法,意为“用...做...” be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”,是use...to do...的被动

语态

(1) People use coal to cook and heat.

(2) Water can be used to generate power.

14、lie与lay

词条 含义 现在分词 过去式 过去分词

lie 躺,位于 lying lay

lain

lie 说谎 lying lied lied

lay 下蛋,放置 laying laid laid

15、 by+交通工具

in/on+冠词/物主代词/其它修饰词+交通工具

take+the+交通工具

(1)They will probably come on the bullet train.

(2)It will save you lots of time if you take the subway to go there.

16、 try on 试穿

try out 实验,验证

(1)Edison was always trying out his ideas when he was young.

爱迪生小时候总是想把它的想法实验一下。

(2)Your idea is good and try it out.

你的想法很好,尝试一下吧。 17、by the end of 的用法

by the end of 意为“到...末(为止)”,强调最后时限,当其后接过去时间时,谓语动词常用过去完成时态;接将来时间时,谓语动词常用一般将来时或将来完成时。

(1)By the end of this year, I will learn 2000 words.

(2)By the end of last month, he had read five plays of Shakespeare.

18、 “It’s no use doing sth.” 是固定结构,意为“做某事是没有用的”。在该句中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。

(1)It is no use telling him not to worry.

19、get to do sth. 的用法

get to do sth. 为固定短语,意为“逐步做某事,开始做某事”,表示某一动作逐步发展的过程。

When you grow up, you may get to understand these things.

20、do with 与 deal with的区别

do with 与deal with都有“处理、对付”之意。不同的是do是及物动词,后面可接宾语,因此do with要与可做宾语的疑问代词what连用构成特殊疑问句;deal 是不及物动词,因此deal with 要与疑问副词how连用构成特殊疑问句。

(1) I don’t know how they deal with the problem.=I don’t know what they

do with the problem.

21、 be good for 意为“对...有好处”,后接表示人或事物的名词。

be good to 意为“对...友好/和善/慈爱”,后一般接表示人的名词。

be good at 擅长

(1)Eating more vegetables is good for your health.

(2)Chinese people is good to foreigners.

22、 a bit/ a bit of/ a little/not a bit/ not a little

(1)a bit表示“稍微,一点儿”,用作副词,可以修饰动词以及形容词、副词的原级、比较级,此时相当于a little.

(2)a bit of 修饰不可数名词,相当于a little

(3)not a bit 表示“一点也不”;not a little 表示“非常”。

I am a bit thirsty.

I thought she smiled a bit.

Tony has a bit of/ a little money.

I am not a bit tired. 我一点也不累。

I am not a little hungry. 我很饿。

23、thanks for/ thanks to

(1)thanks for意为“因...而感谢”,表示感谢的原因或内容;有时也用作thank sb. for,表示因...而感谢某人;

(2)thanks to意为“幸亏、由于、归功于”,强调to后面内容,暗含没有其不行之意。

24、rise/raise

1、rise为不及物动词,意为“上升,升起”;还可做名词,意为“上升,增加”

2、raise为及物动词,意为“抬起,使升起”,表示借助外力将某人或某物抬起或举起。

(1) The temperature is rising. 气温正在上升。

(2) Experts say the figures for divorce are on the rise.专家称离婚的数量在增加。

(3) We made a fire to raise the temperature of the room.我们生火使屋里的温度升高。

25、others/ the others

others与the others均表示复数意义,且其后不能再接名词,others大致相当于“other+复数名词”;the others 大致相当于“the other+复数名词”。

(1) We should help others.

25、spend/pay/take/cost

(1)spend的主语是人,即可以指花费时间,也可以指花费金钱,通常结构为“sb.+spend+time/ money+on sth./(in) doing sth.”

(2)pay的主语是人,只用于花钱,通常结构为“sb.+pay+money+for sth”.

(3)take的主语通常用形式主语it,只用于花费时间,常用结构为“It take

sb. some time to do sth.”

(4)cost的主语是物,常用结构为“sth.+cost+sb.”