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Mg(OH)2 Complex Nanostructures with Superhydrophobicity and Flame Retardant Effects

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Mg(OH)2ComplexNanostructureswithSuperhydrophobicityandFlameRetardantEffectsHuaqiangCao,*HeZheng,JiefuYin,YuexiangLu,ShuishengWu,XiaomingWu,andBaojunLi

DepartmentofChemistry,TsinghuaUniVersity,Beijing100084,ChinaReceiVed:May23,2010;ReVisedManuscriptReceiVed:September6,2010

ComplexMg(OH)2nanostructuresaresynthesizedviaabiomolecule-assistedhydrothermalroute.Theas-synthesizedMg(OH)2nanostructuresaredispersedintoanacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS)copolymerbymechanicalkneading,whichshowsanexcellentflame-retardantbehavior.AlsowedemonstratedforthefirsttimethatthecomplexMg(OH)2nanostructurescanfindapplicationinself-cleaningforitssuperhydro-phobicitywithwatercontactangleover150°andslidingangleof1°.

1.IntroductionMagnesiumhydroxide[Mg(OH)2,MH]isanimportantinorganicmaterial,whichhasmanyindustrialapplications,includingsynthesizinghalogen-freeflameretardantsforpolymers,1,2preparingfoodstuffstarchesters,3treatingwaste-

water,4anddesulfurizingwastegases.5Recently,ithasbecomeofgreatinteresttosynthesizeMHnanostructureswithvarioussizes,shapes,anddimensions.Manymethodshavebeendevelopedtosynthesizenanostructureswithdifferentmorphologies,forexample,one-dimensional(1D)nanorodssynthesizedviaasolvothermalmethod,61Dneedle-

likenanocrystalssynthesizedviareverseprecipitation,7two-dimensional(2D)platelikenanocrystalssynthesizedviaahydrothermalroute,8spherelikenanostructuressynthesized

viaasolution-basedchemicalprocess,9andthree-dimensional

(3D)flowerlikenanostructuressynthesizedviaahydrothermalreaction,10whichpresentdifferentphysicochemicalproperties.

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS),beinganoncharringpolymeruponcombustion,isanimportantcommercialengi-neeringthermoplasticmaterialduetoitsexcellentmechanicalproperties,chemicalresistanceproperties,easeofprocessing,andrecyclingability.11However,itstillhassomeshortcomings,

suchasinflammability.Itisdifficulttoobtainahalogen-freeretardantsystemforABS.12Thus,itisagreatchallengefor

scientiststoimprovethepropertiesofABS.13Itisnecessarytosolvethisproblembymodifyingpolymersbyaddingflame-retardantcompoundstodecreasetheirflammability.2,11,14,15However,manyenvironmentallawshavebeenenactedtoprohibittheapplicationofhalogen-containingflameretardantsinpolymermaterialsaroundtheworld.MHcrystalisanimportantinorganichalogen-freeandsmoke-suppressingflameretardant,duetoitsbetterthermalstability,smokesuppressionproperty,andflameretardancy,comparedwithotherinorganicflameretardants,evenincomparisonwithaluminumtrihydrox-ide.16Itundergoesdecompositionat340-490°C,whichisone

ofthemostimportantmerits.Furthermore,MHisanenviron-mentallyfriendlyadditivewhichhasbeenextensivelyusedinthehalogen-freeflame-retarded(HFFR)polymericmaterials.Itwasdemonstratedthatfiber-andlamellalikeMH,beingaflameretardant,presentedexcellentfunctionsinpolymers.16However,manyresearchstudiesindicatedthattheMHcrystals

shouldbeimproved,suchasdecreasingtheusageamountandincreasingtheflame-retardantefficiency.17,18Itwasreportedthat

theadditionlevelofMHreachedupto60wt%inordertoachieveacceptablecombustionresistance,19,20whichinturnled

tothedecreaseofthemechanicalpropertiesofpolymers.Itispossibletosolvetheseproblemsbyusingmicro/nanostructuredMHasaflameretardantinABS.Itisknownthatthefocusofnanotechnologyresearchhas,inrecentyears,beensteadilymovingawayfromthepreparationofhigh-qualitynanomaterialsandtheunderstandingoftheirphysicochemicalpropertiestopracticalapplications.21Herein,

wereportasynthesisofaflowerlikeMHcomplexnanostructureusedasanadditiveinanABSmatrix.Inthepresentpaper,novelMHnanoflowerswithflameretardanteffectweredesignedandsuccessfullyfabricatedbyasimpleamino-acid-assistedhydrothermalapproach.WealsodemonstratedforthefirsttimethattheMHnanoflowersmayfindapplicationsinself-cleaningforitssuperhydrophobicity.

2.ExperimentalSectionSynthesis.GrowthofflowerlikeMHnanostructureswasperformedthroughaself-assemblymannerusingahydrothermalsynthesisroute.MgCl2·6H2O(analyticalpure,AR)andglycine[CH2(NH2)COOH,AR]wereusedwithoutfurtherpurification.

Inatypicalsynthesis,4mmolofMgCl2·6H2Owasaddedinto20mLofdeionizedwaterformingsolutionA,while8mmolofglycinewasdissolvedinto19.14mLofdeionizedwater,with0.86mLof10MNaOHsolutionadded,formingsolutionB.SolutionBwasaddedintothestirredsolutionAwithin30minatroomtemperature.TheresultingmixturewastransferredtoandsealedinaTeflon-linedautoclave,heatedto240°C,andmaintainedatthistemperaturefor48h.Aftertheautoclavewascooleddowntoroomtemperaturenaturally,theproductswerecollectedandwashedwithdeionizedwateronetime,andthenabsolutealcoholthreetimes,followedbydryingat60°Cfor7h.Characterization.ThephaseanalysiswasperformedwithanX-raydiffractometer(XRD)(BrukerD8advance)operatingat40kV×40mA.Morphologywasstudiedwithscanningelectronmicroscopy(SEM,KYKY2000),fieldemissionscanningelectronmicroscopy(FE-SEM)(JSM-7401F),andtransmissionelectronmicroscopy(TEM)(JEM-2010F).Thehigh-resolutionTEM(HRTEM)imagesandselectedareaelectrondiffraction(SAED)analysisweretakenwithaJEOL*Towhomcorrespondenceshouldbeaddressed.E-mail:hqcao@

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聚苯胺的制备

聚苯胺的制备

随着社会科技的发展，绿色能源成为人类可持续发展的重要条件，而风能、太阳能等非可持性能源的开发和利用面临着间歇性和不稳定性的问题，这就催生了大量的储能装置，其中比较引人注目的包括太阳能电池、锂子电池和超级电容器等。

超级电容器作为一种新型化学储能装置，具有高功率密度、快速充放电、较长循环寿命、较宽工作温度等优秀的性质，目前在储能市场上占有很重要的地位，同时它也广泛应用于军事国防、交通运输等领域。

目前，随着环境保护观念的日益增强，可持续性能源和新型能源的需求不断增加，低排放和零排放的交通工具的应用成为一种大势，电动汽车己成为各国研究的一个焦点。

超级电容器可以取代电动汽车中所使用的电池，超级电容器在混合能源技术汽车领域中所起的作用是十分重要的，据英国《新科学家》杂志报道，由纳米花和纳米草组成的纳米级牧场可以将越来越多的能量贮存在超级电容器中。

随着能源价格的不断上涨，以及欧洲汽车制造商承诺在1995年到2008年之间将汽车CO2的排放量减少25%，这些都促进了混合能源技术的发展，宝马、奔驰和通用汽车公司已经结成了一个全球联盟，共同研发混合能源技术。

2002年1月，我国首台电动汽车样车试制成功，这标志着我国在电动汽车领域处于领先地位。

而今各种能源对环境产生的负面影响很大，因此对绿色电动车辆的推广提出了迫切的要求，一项被称为Loading-leveling(负载平衡)的新技术应运而生，即采用超大容量电容器与传统电源构成的混合系统“Battery-capacitor hybrid”(Capacitor-battery bank) [1]。

目前对超级电容器的研究多集中于开发性能优异的电极材料，通过掺杂与改性，二氧化锰复合导电聚合物以提高二氧化锰的容量[1、2、3]。

生瑜(是这个人吗？)等[4]通过原位聚合法制备了聚苯胺/纳米二氧化锰复合材料，对产物特性进行细致分析。

因导电高分子具有可逆氧化还原性能，通过导电高分子改性，这对于提高二氧化锰的性能和利用率是很有意义的。

聚乙二醇修饰ZIF-8 的合成及对活性艳红的吸附

聚乙二醇修饰ZIF-8 的合成及对活性艳红的吸附

聚乙二醇修饰ZIF-8的合成及对活性艳红的吸附曹占平，武鑫霞，李岚（天津工业大学环境科学与工程学院，天津300387）摘要：由于ZIF-8材料孔径较小，制约了其对大分子染料活性艳红的吸附，为了调节其孔径，结合有机膜制备中聚乙二醇（PEG ）常作为孔调节剂，因此选择PEG 作为软膜板剂对ZIF-8进行修饰复合，获得了一种新型的ZIF-8/PEG 多孔纳米复合材料；采用XRD 、SEM 和氮气吸附-脱附等方法对ZIF-8/PEG 进行表征。

结果表明：合成了孔径有所增加的分级孔，形成了5~10nm 的介孔孔径，发现添加PEG 改性后材料粒度变小，但比表面积不增反降，这是因为其介孔孔径的存在；考察了其对液相污染物偶氮废水———活性艳红X-3B 的吸附性能，发现分子质量为2ku 的PEG 改性其吸附量较未改性前提高26.7%，吸附量可达38.5mg/g 。

关键词：改性ZIF-8；介孔吸附；活性艳红；表面活性剂中图分类号：TB331文献标志码：A文章编号：员远苑员原园圆源载（圆园20）园6原园园40原07第39卷第6期圆园20年12月Vol.39No.6December 2020DOI ：10.3969/j.issn.1671-024x.2020.06.007天津工业大学学报允韵哉砸晕粤蕴韵云栽陨粤晕GONG 哉晕陨灾耘砸杂陨栽再收稿日期：2019-05-27基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51078265）；国家级大学生创新创业训练计划（201710058032）通信作者：曹占平（1970—），男，博士，副教授，主要研究方向为生物降解污染物的处理。

E-mail ：caozhanping2012@126援com Synthesis of polyethylene glycol modified ZIF-8and adsorption ofreactive brilliant redCAO Zhan-ping ，WU Xin-xia ，LI Lan（School of Environmental Science and Engineering ，Tiangong University ，Tianjin 300387，China ）Abstract ：Due to the small pore diameter of ZIF-8material袁its adsorption to reactive brilliant red of macromolecular dyesis restricted.In order to adjust the aperture袁considering that the polyethylene glycol 渊PEG冤is often used as a pore regulator in the preparation of organic membranes袁so PEG is selected as a soft diaphragm agent to modify ZIF-8袁a new type of ZIF-8/PEG porous nanocomposite was obtained.XRD袁SEM and nitrogen adsorption-des鄄orption methods were used to characterize ZIF-8/PEG.The results show that the synthesized aperture increases the classification of hole袁the mesoporous aperture of 5-10nm was formed.It was found that the particle size of the material became smaller fater the addition of PEG袁but the specific surface area did not increase but de鄄creased because of the mesoporous pore diameter.The adsorption of azo wastewater-reactive brilliant red X-3Bwas investiated.It was found that the adsorption capacity of the modified PEG with a molecular weight of 2ku was26.7%higher that that before modification袁and the adsorption capacity was up to 38.5mg/g.Key words ：modified ZIF-8曰mesoporous adsorption曰active brilliant red曰surfactant金属有机骨架材料（metal -organic frameworks ，MOFs ）是一种有机配体和金属离子或团簇通过配位键自组装形成的具有分子内孔隙的有机-无机杂化材料。

二硫化钼基纳米材料在电催化制氢中的研究进展

二硫化钼基纳米材料在电催化制氢中的研究进展

第49卷第12期 当 代 化 工 Vol.49，No.122020年12月 Contemporary Chemical Industry December，2020基金项目：国家自然科学基金（项目编号：22065028）；内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目（项目编号：NJZY18382）；内蒙古自治区自然科学基金（项目编号：2017MS(LH)0202）；内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目（项目编号：NJZY17102）。

收稿日期：2020-07-31 作者简介：王娜（1978-），女，内蒙古自治区包头市人，讲师，博士，2017年毕业于内蒙古工业大学化学工艺专业，研究方向：纳米催化剂的设计与合成。

E -mail：*******************。

通信作者：胡宇强（1980-），男，讲师，博士，研究方向：金属有机合成及电化学性能研究。

E -mail：******************.cn。

二硫化钼基纳米材料 在电催化制氢中的研究进展王娜1，叶菲菲3，胡宇强2（1. 包头师范学院 化学学院，包头 010403；2. 内蒙古工业大学 化工学院，呼和浩特 010051；3. 海南华侨中学，海口 570206）摘 要：概括近年来在电催化制氢领域中具有特定形态、小尺寸、少片层和其他结构特征的MoS 2纳米材料的制备方法以及应用方面的最新研究进展。

此外，讨论二硫化钼纳米片在电催化制氢催化活性方面所面临的关键障碍，并进一步发现通过增加活性位点的暴露、增加MoS 2的导电性以及制造缺陷等策略能提高其活性。

最后，提出制备高催化性能MoS 2的潜在途径，并对未来硫化钼基材料的实际应用前景进行了展望。

关 键 词：二硫化钼；电催化；纳米材料；析氢反应中图分类号：TQ032.41 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1671-0460（2020）12-2827-05Research Progress of MoS 2-based Nanomaterialsfor Hydrogen Evolution ReactionWANG Na 1, YE Fei-fei 3, HU Yu-qiang 2（1. Department of Chemistry, Baotou Teachers’ College, Baotou 014030，China ；2. College of Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China ；3. Hainan Overseas Chinese Middle School, Haikou 570206, China ）Abstract : The preparation methods of MoS 2 nanomaterials with definite morphologies, small size, few-layer and other structural features were summarized, and the recent research progress in the applications was discussed. Moreover, the critical obstacles faced by MoS 2 nanosheets with respect to their catalytic activities of HER were analyzed, and the strategies for improving activity were put forward, such as increasing the exposure of active sites, conductivity and defects. In the end, some suggestions on the pathways achieving high performance MoS 2 nanosheets were also put forward, and perspective on practical application of MoS 2 in the future was prospected. Key words : MoS 2; Electrocatalysis; Nanomaterials; Hydrogen evolution reaction化石燃料作为现代工业的基础，过量开采和使用正在引发全球性环境污染和能源危机问题，寻找可行的化石燃料替代能源日益受到各国关注[1]。

改善镁氢化镁水解放氢性能研究进展

改善镁氢化镁水解放氢性能研究进展

改善镁/氢化镁水解放氢性能研究进展杨波，邹建新，曾小勤，丁文江（上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院，上海200240）摘要为了提高Mg/MgH2水解产氢性能，科研人员做了大量的改进工作。

本文概述了Mg/MgH2水解产氢过程中遇到的问题，以及提高水解反应动力学的方法：一是增大Mg/MgH2的比表面积，二是打破水解过程中产生的Mg(OH)2保护层对水解的限制。

因此可以通过降低粉末尺寸、在溶液中添加不同催化剂（酸、盐等）和复合具有催化作用的第二相（金属氧化物、氯化物、金属氢化物、金属、石墨等）来改善水解性能。

重点阐述了催化剂对Mg/MgH2水解性能的影响及作用机理，并提出了一些建议与看法。

关键字：镁；氢化镁；水解；催化；氢气中图分类号：TK91文献标识码：ARecent advances in improving the hydrolysis performance ofmagnesium/magnesium hydride200240, China AbstractIn order to improve the hydrolysis performance of Mg/MgH2, researchers have done lots of improvement work. The problems in the hydrogen production from Mg/MgH2 hydrolysis and the methods to increase the kinetics of hydrolysis reaction are summarized in this paper. First, increase the specific surface area of Mg/MgH2. Second, break the limitation of Mg(OH)2 protective layer produced in the hydrolysis process. Therefore, the hydrolysis performance can be improved by reducing the powder size, adding different catalysts (acids, salts, etc.) into the solution and compositing catalytic基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51771112）National Science Foundation (No. 51771112)second phases (metal oxides, chlorides, metal hydrides, metals, graphite, etc.). The effects and mechanisms of catalysts on the hydrolysis performance of Mg/MgH2 are highlighted. Furthermore, some suggestions and ideas are proposed.Key words magnesium, magnesium hydride, hydrolysis, catalyze, hydrogen由于环境污染及能源紧缺问题日益严重，发展新型清洁高效的新能源、新材料成为中国制造2025的重大战略目标[1]。