斜拉桥定期检查

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土木工程结构试验与检测

Testing and Inspection for Civil Engineering Structure

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第9章 桥梁结构试验与检测

Chapter 9 Bridge Structure Testing and Inspection

目录 Contents

9.1 桥梁结构的静载试验(bridge static testing) ..................................................................... 223

9.1.1 试验方案设计(test schematic design) ................................................................... 223

1.桥梁结构的调查(bridge structure investigation) .............................................. 223

2.加载方案(loading scheme) ................................................................................ 223

3.测点布置(measuring point layout) .................................................................... 227

4.测试仪器的选择(selection of instrumentation for measurement) ..................... 229

9.1.2 测试准备(testing preparations) ........................................................................... 229

1.量测附属设施(measuring annex setup) ............................................................ 229

2.加载位置的确定(test location) ......................................................................... 229

3.仪器检查与安装(checking and assembling of instruments) ............................. 229

4.加载物的称重(weighting heavy loads) ............................................................. 230

5.试验人员组织分工(test organization and task distribution) ............................. 230

9.1.3 加载试验(loading test) ........................................................................................ 230

1.试验演习(test maneuver) ................................................................................... 230

2.预加载(preload testing) ..................................................................................... 230

3.加载试验(loading test) ...................................................................................... 230

4.测读与记录(measurements and data acquisition) ............................................. 231

5.加载过程的观察(observe loading process) ....................................................... 231

6.裂缝观测(crack detection and measurement) .................................................... 231

7.终止加载控制条件(conditions of terminat loading) ......................................... 231

9.1.4 试验资料的整理(testing data interpretation) ........................................................ 231

1.测试数据的修正(data correction) ..................................................................... 231

2.测点变形计算(calculating of deformation) ....................................................... 232

3.校验系数和相对残余变形的计算(calculating check index and relative residual

deformation) ............................................................................................................... 232

4.力或位移影响线(influence curves of force and displacement) ........................ 233

5.荷载横向分布系数(transverse distribution coefficients) .................................. 233

6.偏载系数(bias factor) ........................................................................................ 233

7.裂缝发展状况(development of cracks) ............................................................. 233

9.1.5 数据整理与结构性能评定(data interpretation and evaluation of structural

properties) ........................................................................................................................... 234

9.2 桥梁结构的动载试验(bridge dynamic testing) ............................................................... 235

9.2.1 试验方案的设计(test schematic design) ............................................................... 235

1.量测内容(measuring scheme) ........................................................................... 235 第9章 桥梁结构的试验与检测

Chapter 9

Bridge Structure Test and Inspection

- 222 - 2.加载方案(loading test scheme) ......................................................................... 235

3.量测方案(measuring scheme) ........................................................................... 235

4.动载试验效率(efficiency of dynamic testing) .................................................. 236

9.2.2 试验准备(test preparations)................................................................................... 236

9.2.3 加载试验(loading test) .......................................................................................... 236

1.跑车试验(traffic testing).................................................................................... 236

2.跳车试验(bumping testing) ............................................................................... 236

3.刹车试验(wheel-locked testing) ........................................................................ 236

4.环境试验(ambient vibration testing) ................................................................. 237