主动句与被动句的互换
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20个主动句变被动句
主动句:She wrote the letter. 被动句:The letter
was written by her.
主动句:He is cooking dinner. 被动句:Dinner is
being cooked by him.
主动句:They have finished the project.
被动句:The project has been finished by them.
主动句:He will teach the class. 被动句:The
class
will be taught by him.
主动句:She gave me the book. 被动句:The book
was
given to me by her.
主动句:He can fix the car. 被动句:The car can
be
fixed by him.
主动句:They should clean the house. 被动句:The
house should be cleaned by them.
主动句:She is reading a book. 被动句:A book is
being read by her.
主动句:He has bought a new car. 被动句:A new
car
has been bought by him.
主动句:They are painting the walls. 被动句:The
walls are being painted by them.
主动句:She will cook dinner. 被动句:Dinner will
be cooked by her.
主动句:He gave her a gift. 被动句:A gift was
given
to her by him.
主动句:They can fix the problem. 被动句:The
初中被动语态语法讲解
主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤:
1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语
2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词,并注意其人称和数随主语的变化,而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现(注代词的宾格),如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分(定语、状语)不变。
(一) 语态分类
英语动词有两种语态.,主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如:
They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)
A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用:
助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上,其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。一般现在时:am / is / are + done
一般过去时:was / were + done 一般将来时:shall / will + be done
一般过去将来时:should / would + be done
现在进行时:am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时:was / were + being + done
现在完成时:have / has + been + done 过去完成时:had + been + done
将来完成时:shall / will + have been + done 过去将来完成时:should / would + have been + done
[注]被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时:
(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.
学习好资料
主动语态与被动语态相互转换, 每空一词(含缩写)。1. Wecall maths the language
of science. (改为被动句)Maths the language of science.2.
Where did they plant trees?(改为被动句)Where trees ?3.
You can borrow two books at a time.(改为被动句) Two books
at a time.4.The teacher made the students copy the text. 改为被
动句 The students copy the text.5. They produce
silk in Suzhou.(改为被动句) Silk in Suzhou.6. They built
a bridge between the two islands last year. (改为被动句) A bridge
between the two islands last year.7. A birthday party will be given
tomorrow. (改为主动句) We a birthday party tomorrow.8.
John was seen to cross the street just now by someone. (改为主动句) Someone
John the street just now.
9. Can another way be thought of to keep your wine or water warm? (改为主
动句)Can another way to keep your wine or water
warm?10. Too many trees are still being cut down in the USA. (改为主动句)
句式的变换与仿写
句式变换与仿写
【考点导航】 近年来,各地中考仍然将句式变换、仿写的考查作为重点,但题型与考查方法发生 了较大变化,开始从客观题逐步向主观题过渡,句式变换也不是进行单独考查,而是融 合在阅读理解、语病修改当中。
句式变换主要有主动句与被动句的变换、肯定句与否定句的变换、陈述句与反问句 的变换、常式句与变式句的变换等。这些变换都不能改变原句的基本意思。
仿写主要有仿句式、仿修辞、仿创意等。这些题目内容大都贴近我们的生活实际, 只要我们认真细致地分析例句的特点,较好地完成题目是没有问题的。
【复习指要】 常见的句式变换主要有主动句与被动句的交换、肯定句与否定句的变换、陈述句与 疑问句的转换等。近年来,中考一般不直接考查句式的变换。而是结合语病、仿写考查, 更注重实际运用,鼓励考生在实践中形成能力。
解题锦囊一:主动句与被动句的变换。主语是动作的发出者的句子叫主动句,如: 我把教室打扫干净了。 主语是动作的接受者的句子叫被动句, 如:教室被我打扫干净了。 这两种句子的变换要注意动作的施动和受动。如:
填入下面横线上的句子,与上下文衔接最恰当的一项是( ) 他是班上的清洁委员, 很爱护环境卫生, 放学回家经过校门时, 看到了地上有纸团, 他很自然地弯腰拾起放进垃圾桶里, ,班会上,他受到了班主任老师的表扬。
A. 班主任发现了他
B. 班主任发现了自己
C. 自己被班主任发现了
D. 这被班主任发现了
这道题主要考查考生对主动句与被动句的掌握情况, 这个句子的主语是“他” ,如果 填入“班主任发现了他” ,句子的层次就乱了,而且从实际情况看,应该是他的举动被班 主任发现了,从后文第 2 页
“他受到了班主任老师的表扬”也可以看出“他”是受动者。因此 本题应选 D 项。
解题锦囊二:肯定句与否定句的变换。要注意一条原则就是不能改变原句的意思。 双重否定句表示肯定,三重否定句表示否定。这一类题目在语病题中见得比较多,如: “为了防止措施。”句中“防止不再发生”的意思是“要发生” ,句意显然表达反了,应 该是“为了防止这类交通事故的再次发生。我们采取了相应的措施。 ”