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【教师原创】中考英语复习讲义：第十二章英语动词的语气

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第十二章动词的语气 语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对说话内容的特法和态度。英语中动词的语气分为:陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。对于语气的考查，主耍集中在祈使语气和虚拟语气上，多以单项选择或完成句子的形式设题。在学习过程中，要牢记祈使语气的形式，掌握不同从句中虚拟语气的用法。

内容导视 知识点1 语气的分类 知识点2虚拟语气 知识详单 知识点1 语气的分类 分类 说明 例句

陈述语气 表示说话人认为他说的话是事实 They went to visit the Great Wall yesterday.他们昨天去参观长城了。

祈使语气 表示说话人提出请求、命令、劝告、警告、号召等 Don't leave today's work for tomorrow.不要把今天的工作放到明天。

虚拟语气 表示说话人认为他所说的话是和事实相反的主观设想或主观愿望 If I were you, I would study hard.如果我是你，我就会好好学习。

知识点2虚拟语气 1.虚拟语气在条件中的用法 情况 从句结构 主语结构 例句 与现在事实相反的情况 if+主语+动词过去式(be动词用 were)+其他 主语+should/would/ could/might+动词原形+其他 If the weather were fine, they would go for a swim.如果天气好，他们就去游泳了。(事实是天气不好) If we had time now, we should/would read it again.要是现在我们有空，我们就把它再看一遍。(事实是我 们现在没空) 与过去事实相反的情况 If+主语had+过去分词+其他 主语+should/ would/could/ might+have+过去分词+其他 If I had taken his advice, I would not have made such a mistake.如果我听了他的忠告，就不会犯这样的错误了。(事实上当初我没有听他的忠告) I should not have laughed if I had thought you were serious.如果我想到你是认真的，我就不会笑了。(事实上是我笑了) 与将来事实相 反的情况 词峨他 动姗其 ①if+主语+ 过去式+其他 ++ ②注+主语 R+动词原形 伽if+主语+.6dd+ 动词原形+其他 主讲+should/ would/could/ might+动词原 形+其他 If she should come, I would ask her for help.万一她来的话，我就请她帮忙。(事实上她来的可能性很小) If I had time tomorrow，I would certainly go for an outgoing with you·如果我明天有时间，我一定会和你去郊游。 If you were to quarrel with him，I should feel very sorry.如果你和他吵架,我会觉得很遗憾。

【知识拓展】 1.混合虚拟语气:有时从句和主句分别表示发生在不同时间的动作或状态，这时，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据情况分别使用各自的结构。例如: If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would be quite all right now.他当时若是听从医生的话，现在就会痊愈了。(从句说明过去，主句说明现在) If you were to master English，you should have worked hard. 如果你要掌握英语，你本来应该下苦功的。(从句说明将来，主句说明过去) 2.在if虚拟条件句中，如果从句中含有should, had或were可以省去if，把should, had或were移到主语之前，构成倒装结构。例如: Should it happen(=If it should happen)，what would you do?如果真发生这样的事，你怎么办呢? Were I you(== If I were you)，I would go.如果我是你，我就去。 Had he recognized me(=If he had recognized me) , he would have come over.如果他认出了我，早就走过来了。 【易错警示】if only…与only if.二的区别: （1）if only作“只要”讲，引出真实条件句，谓语动词用陈述语气;if only作“如果……就好了，要是……就好了” 讲，引出虚拟条件句，用来表示强烈的愿望或遗憾，谓语动词用虚拟语气，通常省略主句。例如: If only you work hard，you'll learn English well. 只要你努力学习，你就能学好英语。 If only I were you!要是我是你就好了! （2） only if表示“只有在……情况下才能……，只有在……条件下才能……”，谓语动词用陈述语气;only if从句如果放在主句前，则主句用倒装语序。例如: I wake up only if the alarm clock rings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。 Only if my teacher helps me can I succeed.只有在老师的帮助下我才能成功。

2.虚拟语气在宾语从句的用法 说明 例句 有些动词后接宾语从句时，从句应使用虚拟语气结构，即“( should)+动词原形”结构。例如:advise建议;command命令;demand要求，需要;desire希望，渴望，要求;insist坚决要求，order命令;propose提议，建议;request请求，需要;require需要，要求;suggest建议;urge力劝，督促 Tom ordered that all the people(should)go to the front.汤姆命令所有人上前线。 We suggest that the meeting (should) be put off.我们建议推迟会议。 We insisted that he(should) be taken to hospital as soonas possible.我们坚决要求尽快把他送到医院。 动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句应使用虚拟语气结构。表示现在情况时，从句使用动词I wish I were as strong as you.我希望我和你一样强壮。 过去式;将来情况，从句使用would/could/might+动词原形”;过去情况，从句使用“had+过去分词”或“would/could+ have+过去分词” I wish I could have gone to the movies with you last night.我真希望昨天晚上能和你去看电影。 I wish you would go with us tomorrow.我希望你明天能和我一起去。 would rather之后接宾语从句时，表示现在和将来情况时，从句使用动词的过去式;表示过去情况，从句使用" had+过去分词”。 I'd rather you came tomorrow.我倒是希望你明天来。 I'd rather I hadn't done that.我真希望没做那事。 【易错替示】 1. suggest作“表明、暗示”讲时.从句不用皮拟语气。例如: Mr. Smith's oral English suggests that he is from Canada..史密斯先生的口语表明他来自加拿大。 2. insist作‘坚持认为、坚持说”讲时，后面跟一种事实或客观情况.从旬不用虚拟语气。例如:He insisted that he had seen the film.他坚持认为他看过这个电影。 3.在“I am surprised /sorry+ that从句”和“ I regret + that从句”中，从句谓语动词要用should，其中，should不可省略，意思是“竟然”。表示说话人的惊讶、懊悔、失望等情感，需用虚拟语气。例如:I am surprised that he should have been so rude to you.我很惊讶他竟然对你这么粗鲁。

3.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 说明 例句 在“It is+ adj/n.+ that从句”中，that从句常常用“( should )+动词原形” It is necessary that those machines(should) be examined.那些机器检查一下是必要的。 【知识拓展】常见的形容词或名词有:strange陌生的，surprising惊奇的，amazing惊讶的，wrong错的，important重要的，necessary必须的，natural自然的，possible可能的，probable或许，urgent急切的，better更好的，funny，可笑的，eager热切的，anxious急切的，pity遗憾，shame羞愧的事情，wonder奇迹等 在It is+过去分词+that从句”中，that从句须用“(should)+动词原形” It is suggested that Tom(should)take over the work at once.建议汤姆马上接管这项工作。

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中考英语语法全方位复习——动词 (共21张PPT)

中考英语语法全方位复习——动词 (共21张PPT)


may和might
1.都表示“可能，可以，请求，许可，祝愿”， might的语气较为委婉。 对may开头的问句，肯定回答用Yes,you may.或Yes， please. 否定回答用No，you mustn’t./No,you can’t. Your homework. -May I use your pen? -Yes, you may./No, you mustn't/can’t. May you be happy.
动词+副词 宾语是名词，可置于副词后面，亦可置于动词和副词之间。 宾语是人称代词和反身代词，只能置于动词和副词之间。如： wake up, put down, turn on, turn down, pick up, work out, threw away, think over, find out, give up, put on, take off, look up, bring up, set up等He walked out the math problem. = He walked the mast problem out. Don't wake me up. (不说Don't wake up with me. )
考点3 情态动词
情态动词表示讲话人的情感、态度和语气。本身具有 一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，没有人称和数的变 化，且后面必须跟动词原形。
can和be able to
1.两者都表示“能，可能，可以”。be able to可以 用于各种时态，can没有将来时和完成时。 can和它的过去式could还可表示请求和猜测。 He will be able to tell you the news soon. -Could I have the TV on? -Yes, you can./No, you can't. He couldn't be a bad man.
2015最新 中考英语冲刺语法精讲总复习：动词的语气(Word版,含答案)

2015最新 中考英语冲刺语法精讲总复习：动词的语气(Word版,含答案)

强化练习动词的语气：1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _________ much easier.A. will beB. would have beenC. could have beenD. would be2. If I _____ you, I’d join the army.A. amB. wasC. wereD. would be3. If he _______ tomorrow, he would find Mr Wang in the office.A. comesB. will comeC. should comeD. come4. If it _______ next week , the crops would be saved.A. rainsB. will rainsC. would rainD. should rain5. If I _______ it, I would do it in a different way.A. were to doB. doC. had doneD. was to do6. Supposing the weather ________ bad, where would you go ?A. isB. will beC. wereD. be7. If he had worked harder, he _________.A. would succeedB. had succeededC. should succeedD. would have succeeded8. If he ________, he _________ that food.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not takenD. would have been warned; had not taken9. If my lawyer _________ here last Saturday, he _______ me from going.A. had been; would have preventedB. had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented10. If he ______ it, he _______ it.A. had seen; could have believedB. saw; couldn’t believeC. saw; coul dn’t have believedD. has seen; had believed11. —Do you think the thief entered through the window?—No, if he had, I don’t believe, _______ broken the living-room’s window.A. he would haveB. he must haveC. he hadD. should he have12. —Did you go swimming last Sunday?—No. We would have gone ______ nicer.A. if the weather wasB. would the weather have beenC. had the weather beenD. should the weather be13. ______ it ______ for your help, I couldn’t have made any progress.A. Had; not beenB. Should; not beenC. Did; not beenD. Not; been。

中考英语专题复习专题12动词的语态考点综合集训含解析6

中考英语专题复习专题12动词的语态考点综合集训含解析6

专题十三构词法Ⅰ.根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.I know nothing about him except that he is a _______ (write).2._______ (luck), the little girl wasn’t injured seriously in the accident.3.Sun Li is a beautiful lady. She is the main _______ (act) in the famous TV play The Legend of Mi Yue.4.My father always says that no one can be _______（succeed）without hard work.5.Can I make my own _______ (decide)? I am not a baby.6.Tu Youyou is one of the Nobel Prize _______ (win) in 2015.We’re proud of her.7.As we all know, France is a _______ (west ) country.8.The children enjoy the life in the country and live _______ (happy) with their families.9.Many countries in the world have reached an _______ (agree) to reduce air pollution.10.The police warn the drivers to drive slowly on _______ (snow) days because it is dangerous.11.My bike is _______ (break). Could you give me a hand, sir?12.In order to have a _______ (health) body, we should get up early to exercise every day.13.What a _______ (sun) day! Let’s go out for a w alk.Ⅱ.语法与情景对话1.This film was really a _______, and people liked it very much.A. successB. successfulC. successfullyD. succeed2.The policeman died for saving the child, so his _______ is heavier than Mount Tai.A. dieB. deadC. dyingD. death3.Tom is so tired that he falls _______ quickly.A. asleepB. sleepyC. sleepD. sleeping4.Columbus _______ America but did not explore the new continent.A. coveredB. discoveredC. uncoveredD. discovery5.Parents shouldn’t do all the things fo r their children because too much _______ will prevent children’s development.A. protectB. protectionC. protectedD. protector6.These _______ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening.A. manB. menC. womanD. women7.—I am afraid to ask questions because of my poor _______.—You’d better practice speaking more.A. pronounceB. pronouncedC. pronouncementD. pronunciation8.—Look! Is that your friend Lucy?—No, it isn’t. Lucy has _______ hair.A. shortB. shortlyC. shortnessD. shortage9.—Could you tell me something about that boy?—Sorry, I don’t know anything about him.He is a _______.A. strangeB. strangelyC. strangerD. StrangestⅠ.根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.【解析】句意：我一无所知，除了知道他是个_______。

中考英语备课指导：英语专题讲义：动词(带答案)

中考英语备课指导：英语专题讲义：动词(带答案)

中考英语专题讲义：动词（带答案）学科老师辅导讲义实义动词：有完整的词义，并能单独作谓语，实义动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。

例如：表示能力，义务，必要，猜测等说话人的语气或情态。

情态动词只能和动词原形5. Computers __________solve many dif ficult problems quickly.6. It ________ be fantastic if more students join in2. There is still quite a lot of meat in the fridge, so you __________ buy any mo re.C. needn'tA.6) be good at/ do well in doing sth.satisfying感到担心的A. not drinkingB. not drinkC.don't dri nkD. not to drinkC)clean D)B. doing二、英语书面表达专项训练2．今天手机在我们日常生活中已广泛使用。

但中学生在学校是否应该持有手机，一些学生和老师有不同的观点。

你们学校的校刊英文版正在就此举行征文活动，请根据下列表格提示的内容，用英语写一篇征文。

要求：1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；`2. 必须包含表格所给的提示信息，并作适当发挥；3. 词数：80-100词左右（征文的开头已给出，不计入总词数）。

Mobile phones have been used widely in our daily lifetoday.__________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________【答案】Mobile phones have been used widely in our daily life today. With the development of economy, mobile phones are more and more widely used in our daily life. However, some parents and teachers have different ideas about whether the students should use mobile phones at school.Some students are for it. They think that it is convenient to contact with parents. Mobilephones will make them more interested in learning so that they can learn more quickly and easily. Some teachers are against it．They think that some students can't control themselves and often play games. What's worse, some students cheat in exams by using mobile phones. Besides, using mobile phones too much does great harm to students' eyes.In my opinion, I think it is helpful for students to use mobile phones in a right way. Firstly，students can learn more knowledge using mobile phones. At the same time, parents and teachers should do something to help students. Only in this way can mobile phones be of help to their studies.【解析】【详解】本篇写作需注意要求中所提供的要点，不可遗漏。