中医常用词汇Terms Commonly Used inTCM中国医药学 Traditional Chinese Medicine中医基础理论 Basic theory of traditionalChinese medicine临床经验 clinical experience辨证论治 treatment based on syndromedifferentiation本草 materia medica, herbs中药 Chinese materia medica, Chinesemedicinal herbs四气五味 four properties and five tastes针灸 acupuncture and moxibustion, acumox各家学说 theories of different schools汗法 diaphoresis, sweating therapy下法 purgative therapy, purgation吐法 emetic therapy, vomiting therapy补土派 school of invigorating the earth病因学说 etiology养生 health-cultivation,医疗实践 medical practice治疗原则 therapeutic principles寒凉药物 herbs of cold and cool nature,cold-natured herbs滋阴降火滋水涵木瘀血致泻先天之精形与神俱nourishing yin to lower/reduce fire enriching water to nourish wood disease caused by blood stasis congenital essence inseparability of the body and spirit开胃 promoting appetite脉象 pulse conditions, pulse pattern邪正关系 states of pathogenic factors and healthy qi发热恶寒头身疼痛久痢脱肛fever and aversion to coldheadache and body painproctoptosis due to prolonged治未病 prevention of disease脏腑 zang-organs and fu-organs, viscera功能活动形神统一阴阳失调条达舒畅functional activitiesunity of the body and spiritimbalance of yin and yangfree development延年益寿 prolonging life, promising longevity养生防病 cultivating health to prevent disease正气 healthy qi, vital qi病邪 pathogenic factor整体观念 concept of holism疾病的本质与现象 nature and manifestations ofdisease阴阳的相对平衡 relative balance between yin andyang疾病的发生与发展 occurrence and developmentof disease同病异治 treating the same disease with differenttherapies异病同治 treating different diseases with thesame therapy五脏 five zang-organs, five zang-viscera六腑 six fu-organs, six fu-viscera经络系统余热未尽有机整体表里关系system of meridians and collateralsincomplete abatement of heatorganic wholeness/integrityexterior and interior relation开窍 opening into自然现象哲学概念对立统一相互消长相互转化阴阳属性natural phenomenaphilosophical conceptunity of oppositesmutual waning and waxingmutual transformationnature of yin and yangdysentery养阴清热 nourishing yin and clearing away heat清肺热 clear away lung-heat湿邪犯肺 pathogenic dampness invading the lung清热泻火 clearing away heat and reducing fire腠理 muscular interstices, striae, interstitial space水湿停滞 retention of water and dampness, water retention癃闭 retention of urine气血运行阴阳转化yang阳消阴长circulation/flow of qi and blood transformation between yin andyang waning and yin waxing阴胜则阳病 predominance of yin leading to disorder of yang阴胜则阳病 an excess of yin leads to deficiency of yang阳胜则热heat寒极生热热极生寒阳损及阴阴液不足predominance of yang generatingextreme cold generating heat extreme heat generating cold impairment of yang involving yininsufficiency of yin-fluid病机总纲 general principle of pathogenesis 病机 pathomechanism, pathological mechanism阴阳胜复 alternative predominance of yin and yang虚寒证 deficiency-cold syndrome扶阳退阴 strengthening yang to reduce yin祛风散寒 expelling/eliminating wind to dispersing cold消导积滞 promoting digestion and removing food retention潜阳熄风 suppressing yang to quench wind 相互联系 interrelation相互制约 mutual restraint, mutualrestriction/interaction动态平衡 dynamic equilibrium阴平阳秘 yin and yang in equilibrium阴阳的互根互用 interdependence of yin and yang 相互依存阴阳离绝相反相成生理功能病理变化临床诊断interdependenceseparation of yin and yangopposite and supplementary to eachphysiological functionspathological changesclinical diagnosis阳胜生外热 exuberance of yang leading to exterior heat阳中求阴 obtaining yang from yin绝对偏盛阳虚则寒阴阳俱损yang阴阳两虚yang阳虚发热阴阳自和absolute predominanceyang deficiency leading to coldsimultaneous consumption of yin andsimultaneous deficiency of both yin andfever due to yang deficiencynatural harmony between yin and yang 木乘土 the wood over-restrains the earth木火刑金金水相生water生克制化wood-fire impairs the metalgeneration between the metal andinterrelationship between generation and restriction制则生化 restriction ensuring generation母病及子 disease of the mother-organ affecting the child-organ五行学说运动变化正邪相争theory of five elementsmotion and variationstruggle/combat between healthy qiand pathogenic factors相生相克 mutual generation and restriction 生我，我生 to be generated and to generate克我，我克 to be restricted and to restrict生中有制克中有生木曰曲直restriction within generation generation within restriction wood is characterized by growingfreely and peripherally火曰炎上 fire is characterized by flaming up 土爰稼穑 earth is characterized by cultivation and reaping金曰从革 metal is characterized by change 病缓起 gradual onset of disease肝阴不足相乘相侮restriction 水湿停聚肾阴不足心肾不交kidney 宣通水道insufficiency of liver yinover-restriction and reverseretention of water-dampness insufficiency of kidney yin disharmony between the heart anddredging water passage通调水道passage 行气利水水液停滞后天之本调畅气机肝气上逆水曰润下dredging and regulating wateractivating qi to excrete water retention of fluidpostnatal / acquired base of life regulating qi activityupward flow of liver qiwater is characterized bymoistening and downward flowing脾主运化 the spleen governing transportation and transformation肝气郁结 stagnation of liver qi胆虚证 gallbladder deficiency syndrome腐熟水谷 digesting food 传变 transmission of disease, progress of disease子病犯母 disease of the child-organ affecting the mother-organ肝肾精血不足 insufficiency of liver and kidney essence and blood肝阳上亢心肝血虚blood心肝火旺心火亢盛滋肾养肝hyperactivity of liver yangasthenia / deficiency of heart and liverexuberance of heart and liver firehyperactivity/exuberance of heart firenourishing the kidney and liver方位配五行 correspondence of the directions to the five elements温肾健脾 warming the kidney and strengthening the spleen肾阳式微 declination of kidney yang脾阳不振 inactivation of spleen yang脾胃虚弱 hypofunction/weakness of the spleen and stomach地道不通平肝和胃stomach水火不济藏象学说奇恒之腑水谷精微food传化水谷menopausesoothing the liver and harmonizing thediscordance between water and firetheory of visceral manifestationsextraordinary fu-organscereal nutrients, essence of water andtransmission and transformation of food贮藏精气治疗效果藏而不泻泻而不藏表热里寒肝旺脾虚storage of essencecurative / therapeutic effectstorage without excretionexcretion without storageexterior heat and interior coldhyperfunction of the liver and weakness of the spleen大肉陷下 obvious emaciation and muscular atrophy, extreme emaciation面色红润 ruddy complexion, rosy cheeks胆虚不得眠 insomnia due to gallbladder asthenia 导便法 laxation食欲不振 poor appetite脘腹胀闷 epigastric distension and depression嗳气酸腐 eructation with fetid odor泌别清浊 separating the clear from the turbid 食物残渣 residue of food大肠主传导 the large intestine governing transmission and transportation癃闭 dysuria, retention of urine, anuria and dysuria面黄肌瘦止珠偏斜调节水液排泄糟粕髓海不足精神委靡spirit月经不调emaciation with sallow complexion strabismus, squint, ocular deviation regulation of waterexcretion of waste material insufficiency of marrow-seadispiritedness, listlessness, lower irregular menstruation冲任不固 weakness of thoroughfare and conception vessels经期延长小肠实热气机调畅气化不利prolonged menstruation sthenia-heat in the small intestine smooth activity of qidysfunction of qi in transformation气分热盛温养脏腑清肺润燥dryness 内伤头疼逆传心包excessive heat at qi phase warming and nourishing the viscera clearing the lung and moisteningheadache due to internal injury reverse transmission into thepericardium宁心安神 calming the heart and tranquilizing the mind惊悸不安 palpitation due to fright血液生成不足 insufficient production of the blood血液亏虚 deficiency of the blood津液的形状、功能与分布 form, function, and distribution of the body fluid脉细无力 thin and weak pulse 跌打损伤 traumatic injury动静结合 integration of motion andquietness/stillness定喘 relieving asthma心主血脉 the heart controlling blood and vessels 心气充沛 abundance of heart qi防御外邪入侵 preventing the invasion of exogenous pathogenic factor血液充盈 plenty of blood脉道不利面色无华脉象细弱面色萎黄汗血同源origin升降出入going out气为血帅blood气血凝滞unsmoothness of vesselslusterless complexionthin and weak pulsesallow complexionsweat and blood sharing the sameascending, descending, coming in andqi serves as the commander of thestagnation of qi and blood血瘀 blood stasis气滞腰痛 lumbago due to qi stagnation气虚滑胎 habitual abortion due to qi asthenia畏寒喜热heat气郁化热瘀血阻络破瘀通经aversion to cold and preference forstagnation of qi transforming into heatblood stasis obstructing the collateralsbreaking blood stasis to promote menstruation祛瘀 eliminating stasis, expelling stasis气不摄血 failure of qi to check the blood血液循行 circulation of the blood气的运动形式 the moving styles of qi平肝止血 soothing the liver to stop bleeding离经之血 abnormal flow of the blood气血生化之源 source for the production and transformation of qi and blood肌肤干燥 dry skin肌肤甲错 squamous and dry skin脏腑火热炽盛 exuberant fire and heat in the viscera热迫血分寒凝气滞气滞血瘀heat invading the blood phase stagnation of cold and qi qi stagnation and blood stasis津液的营养和滋润作用 the nourishing and moistening functions of the body fluid腹痛拒按 unpalpable abdominal pain津液不足 insufficiency of the body fluid奇经八脉 eight extraordinary vessels, eight extraordinary meridians津液生化匮乏 scanty production of the body fluid热盛耗伤津液 consumption of the body fluid due to excessive heat水液代谢障碍 disturbance of water metabolism水湿困脾 dampness encumbering the spleen 湿邪内盛 exuberance of interior dampness 脾虚水肿 edema due to spleen deficiency 运行全身气血 transporting qi and blood in the whole body联络脏腑肢节 connecting with viscera, limbs and jointsrunning routetwelve regular meridians经隧阻滞 blockage of meridians经穴 meridian acupoints, Jing-River acupoint 经络辨证 syndrome differentiation according to meridians经络感传 meridian conduction, channel transmission经络现象 meridian phenomena经络阻滞 blockage of meridians舒筋活络collaterals 刺血疗法外感六淫factors relaxing tendons and activatingblood-pricking therapyattacked by six climate pathogenic血脉调和流畅blood机体正常水液smooth and normal flow of thenormal fluid inside the body气滞津停身倦乏力伤津脱液retention of fluid due to stagnation of qilassitudeconsumption and loss of the body fluid津液的生成、输布和排泄 production, distribution,and excretion of the body fluid脾的“散精”功能 the function of the spleen to“dissipate essence”水液停聚 retention of water胃的“游溢精气” the function of the stomach to“distribute essence”津液的代谢平衡 the metabolic balance of thebody fluid风为百病之长 wind is the leading factor incausing various diseases气随津脱fluid濡养肌肤经脉之海滋养脏腑十二经别exhaustion of qi due to loss of bodymoistening and nourishing the skinsea of meridiansmoistening and nourishing the visceratwelve branches of meridians经别 divergent meridians经气 meridian qi十二皮部 twelve skin areas, twelve skinregions/divisions十二经筋 twelve meridian tendons饮食劳倦 improper diet and overstrain风寒感冒 common cold due to wind-cold湿热泄泻 diarrhea due to damp-heat内生五邪 five endogenous pathogenic factors风邪外袭 pathogenic wind attacking thesuperficies游走性关节疼痛 migratory arthralgias阳气衰退 decline of yang-qi六淫 six climatic evils循行路线十二正经感受寒邪 attacked by pathogenic cold虚实夹杂 deficiency complicated with excess, asthenia complicated with sthenia寒性凝滞 cold tending to stagnate by nature腠理闭塞 blockage of muscular interstices经脉拘急收引 contraction of tendons湿邪困脾 pathogenic dampness encumbering the spleen疾病的发生、发展与变化 occurrence, development and changes of disease体质强弱 conditions of constitution气血功能紊乱 dysfunction of qi and blood 阴阳偏盛大 relative predominance of yin and yang五志过极 extreme changes of emotions精气夺则虚 depletion of essence causing deficiency阴阳互损 mutual consumption of yin and yang 真热假寒 true heat and false cold气机郁滞不畅 stagnation of qi activity津液代谢失常 disorder of fluid metabolism寒热往来 alternate attacks of chill and fever 津伤化燥 consumption of fluid transforming into dryness风火胁痛口眼歪斜distortion 湿浊内生虚火上炎邪气内陷factors 大肠热结intestine 心脉瘀阻hypochondriac pain due to wind-fire wry mouth with distorted eyes, facialendogenous turbid dampness flaming of asthenia-fire internal invasion of pathogenicretention of heat in the largeblood stasis in the heart vessels镜面舌 mirror-like tongue饥不欲食 hunger without desire for food 脉有胃气 pulse with stomach qi清里泄热 clearing away heat in the interior 寒证化热 cold syndrome transforming into heat syndrome 经闭发肿 amenorrhea with edema邪正盛衰 predominance or decline of pathogenic factors and healthy qi病症的虚实变化 asthenia and sthenia changes of disease机体的抗病能力 body resistance五心烦热 feverish sensation over the five centers五心 five centers (palms, soles and chest)生津安神 promoting the production of body fluid and tranquilizing the mind蓄血发黄 jaundice due to blood accumulation脾阳不振 inactivation of spleen yang阴虚生内热 yin deficiency generating interior heat热极生风七情内伤disorder饮食不节暴饮暴食神昏谵语四诊合参methods精神活动面部表情精充气足预后良好表情淡漠精神不振神志不清extreme heat producing windinternal injury due to emotionalimproper dietcraputencecoma and deliriumcombined use of the four diagnosticmental activitiesfacial expressionssufficient essence and abundant qifavorable prognosisapathetic facial expressionsdispiritednessunconsciousness轻宣润燥dryness四肢抽搐脏腑辨证dispersing lung qi and moisteningconvulsion of the limbssyndrome differentiation of viscera病位与病性 location and nature of disease表里同病interior风热眩晕寒热错杂heatdisease involving both the exterior andvertigo due to wind-heatsimultaneous occurrence of cold and舌淡苔白而润滑 light-colored tongue with white and slippery coating祛风解痉 expelling wind to relieve convulsion恶寒与恶热 aversion to cold and aversion to heat口干唇裂 dry mouth with cracked lips脉数无力 rapid and weak pulse寒邪郁而化热 stagnation of pathogenic cold changing into heat未病先防 preventing measures taken before the occurrence of disease补气健脾 invigorating qi and strengthening the spleen补血养心 enriching blood to nourish the heart水气凌心心悸多梦血为气母调摄精神血脉流畅关节通利气机调畅益寿延年water attacking the heart palpitation and dreaminess the blood serving as the mother of qi regulating mental statessmooth circulation of blood smooth movement of jointsfree activity of qipromoting longevity治病求本 treatment of disease must concentrate on the principle cause of disease急则治其标 relieving the secondary symptoms first in treating acute disease通腑泄热 purging fu-organs to eliminate heat标本兼治 treatment focusing on relieving both the secondary and primary symptoms痰湿壅肺 accumulation of phlegm-dampness in the lung祛虫消积 removing parasites to eliminate accumulation 表邪入里 invasion of the exterior pathogenic factors into the interior外感胃脘痛 stomachache due to exogenous pathogenic factors潮热盗汗 tidal fever and night sweating高热谵妄和血止痛寒因寒用high fever with deliriumregulating blood to alleviate paintreating pseudo-cold syndrome with herbs of cold nature热因热用 treating pseudo-heat syndrome with herbs of heat nature塞因塞用 treating obstructive syndrome with tonifying therapy发汗解表 relieving exterior syndrome by diaphoresis风热乳蛾痰饮咳嗽实热蕴结舒肝和胃stomach清热泻火疏风泄热行气消瘀养血润肠tonsillitis due to wind-heatcough due to fluid retentionaccumulation of sthenia-heatsoothing the liver and harmonizing theclearing away heat and reducing firedispelling wind and reducing heatactivating qi to resolve stagnationnourishing the blood and moistening the intestine因时、因地、因人制宜 applying proper therapeutic measure in line with season, local conditions and individuality缓则治其本 relieving the primary symptoms in treating chronic disease燥湿化痰phlegm正虚邪实pathogenic血枯经闭drying dampness and resolvingasthenia of healthy qi and sthenia offactorsamenorrhea due to blood exhaustion中医常用词汇 03－中药针灸等中草药 Chinese medicinal herbs四气五味 four properties and five tastes 炮制 processing清除杂质 eliminating impurity入药部分 the part used for medical purpose 药物采集 collection of herbs收敛 astringency软坚散结 softening hardness to dissipate stagnation燥湿健脾 drying dampness and strengthening the spleen升降沉浮 ascending, descending, sinking and floating归经 meridian tropism用药禁忌 contraindication in using herbs药物用量 dosage辛温解表药 relieving exterior syndrome with herbs pungent in taste and warm in nature 袪风湿药 herbs for expelling wind and dampness胸痛彻背 thoracic pain involving the back 清热凉血药 herbs for clearing away heat and cooling blood引经报使 guiding action针灸疗法 acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, acumox针刺补泻 reinforcing and reducing techniques for needling针刺手法进针手法针刺止痛针刺麻醉needling techniques, manipulation methods for inserting the needle alleviating pain with acupuncture acupuncture anesthesia,acu-anesthesia针感 needling sensation皮内针 intradermal needle针刺的角度与深度 angle and depth of needling双手进针法 insertion of needle with double hands行针 manipulating the needle化脓灸 blistering moxibustion瘢痕灸艾炷灸灯火灸温针灸scarring moxibustion moxibustion with moxa cone lamp moxibustionwarm needling method一指禅推法 pushing manipulation with one 作用和缓 mild effect发散解表 relieving exterior syndrome bydispersion方剂学 science of prescriptions配伍关系 compatibility组成规律 prescription-formulating principle方剂的加减 modification of prescriptions剂型和剂量 drug form and dosage君臣佐使 monarch, minister, assistant and guide药物毒性 toxicity of medicinal herbs十八反与十九畏 eighteen incompatible herbs andnineteen herbs of mutual antagonism调和诸药温经散寒宣肺平喘灵活化裁清散郁热heat随症加减药物饮片内服散剂外用膏剂开水冲服浓缩浸膏耳针疗法提插捻转水针疗法头针疗法推拿手法moderating the property of herbswarming meridians to dissipate colddisperse lung qi to stop asthmaflexible modificationclearing away and dispersing stagnantmodification according to symptomsprocessed herbspowder for oral takingmedicinal extract for exterior applicationmixing in boiled water for oral takingcondensed extractear acupuncture treatmentlifting, thrusting, swirling and rotatinghydro-acupuncture therapyscalp-acupuncture therapymanipulations for tuina, manipulating techniques减轻疼痛功法训练放松肌肉alleviating painexercise for practicing tuinarelaxing muscles解除肌肉紧张 relieving muscular tension活动受限 confined activityfinger点按法 point-pressing manipulation大鱼际揉法 kneading manipulation with the large thenar交替搓揉腰肌劳损解除痉挛外感发热脉象浮紧寒邪束表exterior 邪热入里四肢厥冷阳气不振少气懒言alternative rubbing and kneadinginjury of lumbar musclesrelieving spasmexogenous feverfloating and tense pulsepathogenic cold hampering theinterior invasion of pathogenic heatcold limbsinactivation of yang-qilack of qi and no desire to speak关节脱位 dislocation of joint腰椎间盘突出 protrusion of lumbar vertebral disc旋转复位 rotating reduction软组织损伤 injury of soft tissues关节粘连僵硬 adhesion and stiffness of joint滑利关节 lubricating joint手法补泻 reinforcing and reducing manipulations拇指平推法 horizontal pushing with the thumb午后潮热 afternoon tidal fever热扰神明 heat disturbing mind形体消瘦 emaciation祛痰止咳药 herbs for eliminating phlegm andstopping cough。
