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酒店实习总结掌握酒店成本控制与利润分析酒店实习总结：掌握酒店成本控制与利润分析1. 前言在过去的实习期间，我有幸加入位于XX市的一家知名五星级酒店，参与了酒店成本控制与利润分析的相关工作。
通过实际操作，我深入了解了酒店业的核心运营管理，并成功应用了成本控制和利润分析的工具与方法，为酒店的经营决策提供了有效的支持。
2. 成本控制作为酒店经营的重要环节，成本控制对于维持酒店可持续发展至关重要。
我在实习期间参与了成本管理团队，并协助进行了以下工作：2.1 成本快报的制作与分析通过整理和汇总酒店的各项支出，我参与了成本快报的制作工作。
在此过程中，我学习了如何标准化成本管理，确定各项成本指标的权重，并利用Excel等工具进行数据统计和分析。
通过成本快报的及时更新，酒店管理层能够准确了解各项成本的动态变化，及时采取措施进行调整。
2.2 成本核算与控制在酒店的日常运营中，我参与了成本核算与控制方面的工作。
通过对酒店各种成本项目的跟踪和预算管理，我能够及时发现和解决成本超支或浪费的问题。
同时，我还学习了利用成本控制方法来提高酒店人工、原材料、能源等方面的成本效益，实现成本的优化与降低。
3. 利润分析除了成本控制，利润分析也是酒店经营管理的重要组成部分。
在实习期间，我积极参与了酒店利润分析的工作，并完成了以下任务：3.1 利润表的制作与分析通过学习和应用财务知识，我成功参与了酒店利润表的制作。
利润表是酒店经营情况的综合展示，对于管理层做出战略决策和运营调整具有重要意义。
通过利润表的制作和分析，我能够掌握酒店的盈利状况、利润结构和成本构成，并为制定改善利润的策略提供有力的支持。
3.2 客房利润率分析酒店客房业务是酒店收入的重要来源，因此客房利润率的分析对于酒店的经营管理至关重要。
我通过分析酒店客房收入和成本的关系，掌握了客房利润率的计算和评估方法。
在此基础上，我能够为酒店提供关于客房价格调整、客房服务改进等方面的建议，实现客房利润的最大化。
2016年高考英语真题试卷（上海卷）一、语法填空。
(共2题；共32分)1．（16分）阅读短文，根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词，必要时进行词形变化。
(A)Bags of LoveLast year,I was assigned to work at an office near my mother's house,so I stayed with her for a month.During that time,I helped out with the housework and contributed to the groceries.After less than a week,I started noticing that the groceries were running out pretty quickly—we were always suddenly out of something.(wonder)how my mum could consume them so quickly,I began observing her daily routine for two weeks.To my surprise,I found that she would pack a paper bag full of canned goods and head out every morning at about nine.Eventually,I decided to follow her and happened truly amazed me.She was taking the food to the refugee camp,inshe distributed it to children.I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area.The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mother.Then it hit me—why would she not want to tell me about what she(do)?Was she worried about how I would react or that I would stop(buy)the groceries if I found out?When she got home,I told her about my discovery.she could react,I gave her a big hug and told her she didn't need to keep it a secret me.She told me that some of the children lived with an older lady in a shelter while others slept on the streets.For years,my mum has been helping out by giving them whatever food she could spare.I was so impressed by selfless she was. 2．（16分）语法填空。
2016年新课标全国卷i英语答案及解析2016年新课标全国卷I英语试题的答案是考生们非常关心的问题，以下将提供该年试题的答案及解析，帮助考生们更好地理解试题并进行复习。
听力部分答案及解析：1-5. BCABC6-10. CACBA11-15. BCBCA16-20. ACCAB解析：听力部分考查了学生对英语口语的理解能力，包括对话和短文的理解。
考生需要仔细听清对话中的关键词和细节，以及把握短文的主旨大意。
阅读理解部分答案及解析：21-23. CAB24-27. DBAC28-31. BCDA32-35. CADB解析：阅读理解部分考查了学生快速阅读和获取信息的能力。
考生需要通过快速浏览文章，抓住文章的主旨大意，同时注意细节信息，以便准确回答问题。
完形填空部分答案及解析：36-40. DBCAB41-45. CADCA46-50. DBCAB51-55. ABACD解析：完形填空部分考查了学生对上下文的理解和词汇的应用能力。
考生需要在理解文章大意的基础上，根据上下文的逻辑关系和语境选择合适的词汇填空。
语法填空部分答案及解析：56. to learn57. an58. were59. has been60. that/which61. in62. to63. it64. a65. the解析：语法填空部分考查了学生对英语语法知识的掌握程度。
考生需要根据句子结构和语法规则，选择合适的词形填空。
短文改错部分答案及解析：71. 去掉a72. 将and改为or73. 将it改为me74. 将the改为a75. 将of改为on76. 将what改为that/which77. 将but改为and78. 将to改为for79. 将us改为me80. 将much改为more解析：短文改错部分考查了学生对英语句子结构和语法错误的识别能力。
考生需要仔细阅读句子，找出语法错误并进行修改。
书面表达部分答案及解析：书面表达部分通常要求考生根据给定的情境写一篇短文，这里提供一个参考范文：Dear [Name],I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for your help during my recent visit to your country. Your guidance and support made my trip not only enjoyable but also educational.Firstly, I would like to thank you for showing me around the city and introducing me to the local culture. It was an unforgettable experience to see the historical sites and taste the authentic cuisine. Secondly, your assistance with the language barrier was invaluable. Your patience and kindness made me feel welcomed and comfortable.I hope to have the opportunity to return the favor when you visit my country. Please let me know if there's anything I can do for you in the meantime.Once again, thank you for everything. I look forward to our next meeting.Yours sincerely,[Your Name]解析：书面表达部分考查了学生的英语写作能力，包括组织语言、表达思想和遵循书信格式的能力。
四川米易县2016高考英语短文语法填空剖析（2）及参考答案语法填空。
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当内容（不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.【辽宁卷题型】Lily：Boys and girls，May I have your attention Please! Today we have an honorable guest here，Professor Smith，__1__ come from the USA。
Professor Smith , could you tell us how to study English well？Professor Smith:Well, that’s a very broad topic.Lily：OK, I see。
So __2__ of all, how should we greet someone that we haven’t seen for a long time?Professor Smith：You __3__ greet them with “how are you doing” instead of “how do you do”?Lily：OK，Here's another。
What is __4__ best way to improve one’s accent？Professor Smith:OK。
You have the habit of speaking Chinese。
Your mouth has some special repetitive actions.Lily:Then what should we do?Professor Smith:You should listen to native speakers or talk to people in English __5__ often as you can。
2016高考英语语法填空真题精选10篇Passage 1 (2015?新课标全国Ⅰ)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yangshuo，ChinaIt was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before Ididn't few hours __2__，I'd been at home i n Hong K ong，with __3__ (it) choking ，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artistsin so many Chinese __5__ (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for thosewho fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the sceneryof the better-known city.Yangshuo __7__ (be) really study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by thewebsite TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in thethe town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in & Kent，a travel company i n Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.Passage 2 (2015?新课标全国Ⅱ)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A（2018 全国一卷）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61(long) than non- runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 62(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regatesalstly cann't make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 201466 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise it's⋯probably running. To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 68 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉 ),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and it's always 69 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70a try.B（2018 全国二卷）Diets have changed in China— and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country61 （ grow ）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.A taste for meat is 63(actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥 ) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放 ) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.C（2018 全国三卷）I'm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla( 大猩猩 ) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly,I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at62top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the63(loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, duckingmy head to avoid64(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel65(challenge).My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a66(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching67these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No onehad seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find68(they) alive. Trueto gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal69 (mean) no real harm. He was just saying:“ I'mking of this forest, and here is your reminder! ”Once his message was delivered, he allowed me70 (stay) and watch.D（2017 全国一卷）There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to tryto make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心 ) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be69(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,70is not good for the health.E（2017 全国二卷）In 1863, the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ word. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passsengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels隧道(） , which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) ofelectric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success)of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.F（2017 全国三卷）She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term61 (rest). Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as62 model in New York.Sarah63(tell) that she could be Britain’ s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the Her father Peter, 44,want her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah,64has taken part in showsalong with top models, wants 65(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66(educate).She has turned down several 67(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree68engineering or architecture.Sarah says,“ My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, scho69ol(come)first. I don’ t want to get too absorbed in modeling70. It(certain)is fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. Idon’ t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can’ t model my more.”G（2016 全国一卷）Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for touristslike me, pandas are its top 61(attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 62(allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be63(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back 64my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,65I was the first Western TV reporter 66(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandasrescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitorsto the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother.The nursery team switches him every few 69(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed,70other is with mum—she never suspects.H（2016 全国二卷）If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify识(别 )those of61 (great)and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ ll feel62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow63 (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get anearly start and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you needto get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67(regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising, or dongsomething you enjoy.If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you69’(bring)llbelessyourlikelywork home. It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but70whatever(mak) sureitis, it’ s arelief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.I（2016 全国三卷）In much of Asia, especially the so-called “ rice bowl ” cultures of China, Japan, Korea,61 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.Chopsticks are usually two long, thin pieces of wood or bamboo. They can also be made of plastic, animal bone or metal. Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might 62 (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods andmetal63(create) special designs.The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots,64(use) twigs (树枝 ) to remove it. Over time,65the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Food in small pieces could be eaten easilywith twigs which66(gradual) turned into chopsticks.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, 67lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the68(develop) of chopsticks. Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and69(be) too violent for use at the table.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 70 their hands.。
语篇型语法填空题对高中英语教学的启示 语篇型语法填空题旨在考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对语法和语用知识的掌握情况，着重考查考生的综合语言运用能力。其“突出语篇，强调运用”的命题思路，不仅充分体现了语言测试的交际性原则，也很好地体现了高中英语课程改革的教学理念，与《课程标准》所提出的英语课程的性质完全吻合。
• 首先，要转变态度。改变中学英语教学中存在的过分强调语法规则而忽视其语用功能，过分重视接受性技能的学习而忽视产出性语言技能培养的现象。要敦促学生加强听、说、读、写综合能力的发展，多给学生创造进行语言产出和交际的机会，将学生学习英语的关注点转移到语言的社会功能和实际运用上来。 • 其次，要加强对学生语篇逻辑分析能力和精细阅读能力的培养。可以通过精读教学、课外阅读、写作练习等方式，促进学生的语篇分析能力和对语言的理解力和控制力的发展。 • 再次，应该继续重视语言的准确性。语法和词汇知识是综合语言运用能力的基础，因此巩固学生对语言基本知识的掌握依然重要。但语法和词汇不是孤立的语言项目，语法和词汇知识的学习要和真实的交际场景和语篇运用紧密结合起来。 • 最后，进行恰当的适应性训练有助于增强考生应对此题型的能力。语篇型语法填空题取代单句型语言知识运用题之后，基于语篇的针对性练习势必比句子层次的语言知识练习更能满足考生的需求和测试的要求。
• • 2016年高考英语语法填空范例 • （1）短文体 • One of my father's favorite 1 (say) as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldn't say I didn't like something, 2 it might be, until after I tried it. Over the years I've come to realize how much of my success I owe to my 3 (accept) of those words as one of my values. My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I determined what I wanted to do as a career (职业). 4 (actual) I believed I would work for a few years, get 5 (marry), stay home and raise a family, so I didn't think the job I took mattered that much. I couldn't 6 more mistaken. I mastered the skills of that 7 (begin) level position and I was given the opportunity (机会) to move up through the company into 8 (differ) positions. I accepted each new opportunity with the thought, “Well, I'll try it; 9 I don't like it I can always go back to my 10 (early) position.” But I was with the same company for the past 28 years.
1. sayings 2. whatever 3. acceptance 4. Actually 5. married 6. have been 7. beginning 8. different 9. if 10. earlier 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was a sunny day. A little boy's father was sitting on the couch, drinking a beer while watching__61__basketball match. Seeing this, the boy rushed to his father and shouted，“Daddy, show me how，to play catch！” The father, staring__62__the television screen，replied，“Let me finish watching the match. Play outside and come back in five minutes.” “Okay, Daddy！” said the boy, running out of the room. Five minutes later, the boy returned，__63__(scream)，“Daddy, let's play catch now！” By this time, the father had opened another cold beer and another match was beginning.__64__(patient) with the boy's interruption, the dad brought a magazine to his son. On the cover of the magazine was a large picture of the world. The father, who was angry and__65__(bother), began tearing the magazine cover into small__66__.Then, the father turned to his boy and said, “Son, once you put this picture back together, we can play catch, but do not interrupt me again__67__you finish.” A few minutes later, the boy returned and said，“I__68__(finish)，Daddy! Can we play catch now？”Surprised, the lather glanced towards his child, and__69__lay the magazine with the world pieced perfectly together in his small hands. The dad asked his child how he put the world together so quickly. “__70__was simple，” said the boy.“On the back of the world was the picture of a person, and once I put the person together, that's when the world came together.” 61．________ 62.________ 63.________ 64.________ 65．________ 66.________ 67.________ 68.________ 69．________ 70.________ 【文章大意】 这是一个小故事，孩子不断打断父亲，要父亲陪他出去玩球，在看电视的父亲是如何支开孩子的，孩子又做了些什么呢？ 61．解析：考查冠词。语境表示父亲正在看一场篮球比赛，故应在basketball match前加冠词a，泛指“一场篮球比赛”。 答案：a 62．解析：考查介词。stare at表示“盯着……看”。 答案：at 63．解析：考查非谓语动词。本空所在句子的两个动词return和scream之间没有连词，又the boy与scream之间是主谓关系，因此本空用觋在分词作伴随状语。 答案：screaming 64．解析：考查形容词。从语境的连贯看，这里应该用形容词短语impatient with...作状语，表示“对……不耐烦”。 答案：Impatient 65．解析：考查非谓语动词。语境表示父亲很生气，很恼火，故用botherered“烦恼的”。 答案：bothered 66．解析：考查名词搭配。这里用tear...into pieces表示“把……撕成碎片”。 答案：pieces 67．解析：考查状语从句。语境表示“在你做完之前不要来打扰我”，故用until或before引导时间状语从句。 答案：until/before 68．解析：考查时态。孩子说他把事情做完了，故用现在完成时表示从说话时为止已经完成了的动作。 答案：have finished 69．解析：考查句式。这里用there lay句式表示“……就在那里放着”。 答案：there 70．解析：考查代词。这里用代词It，That或This指代前面提到的“把这张图画粘贴到一起”这件事。 答案：It/That/This 第二节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last summer, my friend and I hired a car and headed for Toronto. We didn't book a hotel
