稀土永磁电机失磁分析
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XXXXXXXXXXX学院
毕业设计(论文)技术报告
课题名称: 航空永磁电机失磁分析
学员姓名 XX
专业期班 08级电气工程及其自动化班
系 队 XX
指导教员 XX
二〇一二年六月
论文题目: 航空永磁电机失磁分析
作 者: XX
指导教员: XX
内容摘要:永磁电机特别是稀土永磁电机的优良特性使其在航空领域有良好的应用前景。然而永磁电机在恶劣的环境条件下工作时,容易引起电机永磁体的不可逆失磁,从而导致电机性能大幅下降。本文从永磁材料的性能和电机的工作原理入手,分析了稀土永磁电机的永磁体在高温、机械振动、化学腐蚀、交变磁场和时效的作用下的失磁原因,从电机设计和使用的角度提出了减小失磁的措施,并介绍了对永磁体重新充磁的方法和注意事项。
关 键 词:航空永磁电机,稀土永磁电机,失磁分析,充磁
TITLE: Analysis on excitation loss of aero permanent magnet motor
AUTHOR: XX
TUTOR: XX
ABSTRACT: The excellent characters of permanent magnet motor especially rare
earth permanent magnet motor making it has a good prospect of application in
aviation fields. However the motor may easily lose excitation when the operating
conditions are bad, which leads to a noticeable reduction in motor performance.
Based on material properties and working principle of permanent magnet motor,
this article analyzed the reasons of excitation loss caused by different factors,
such as high temperature, mechanical vibration, chemical corrosion and long time
effect. Then proposed prevent measures from the design and the actual use of
the motor. At last discussed methods and matters need attention in the process
of magnetizing the permanent magnet.
KEYWORDS: aero permanent magnet motor; rare earth permanent magnet motor;
excitation loss analysis; magnetizing
目 次
1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 永磁电机在航空上的应用 ............................................................................................ 1
1.2 航空永磁电机存在的问题 ............................................................................................ 1
2 永磁电机失磁原因分析 ........................................................................................................ 2
2.1 失磁原因概述 ................................................................................................................ 2
2.2 热失磁 ............................................................................................................................ 2
2.2.1 热失磁的原因 ............................................................................................................. 2
2.2.2 衡量永磁材料热稳定性的参数 ................................................................................. 4
2.3 交流失磁 ........................................................................................................................ 4
2.3.1 永磁材料的外磁场稳定性 ......................................................................................... 4
2.3.2 电枢反应引起永磁体失磁的机理 ............................................................................. 5
2.3.3 高频交变磁场环境对失磁效应的影响 ..................................................................... 8
2.4 化学腐蚀失磁 .............................................................................................................. 10
2.4.1 永磁材料的化学稳定性 ........................................................................................... 10
2.4.2 氧化和腐蚀的机理 ................................................................................................... 10
2.5 振动失磁 ...................................................................................................................... 11
2.6 时效失磁 ...................................................................................................................... 12
2.6.1 永磁材料的时间稳定性 ........................................................................................... 12
2.6.2 永磁材料的老化现象 ............................................................................................... 13
2.7 接触失磁 ...................................................................................................................... 13
3减小电机永磁体失磁的措施 ............................................................................................... 13
3.1 减小材料本身的原因引起的失磁 .............................................................................. 13
3.1.1 添加合金元素 ........................................................................................................... 13
3.1.2 表面处理 ................................................................................................................... 14
3.2 减小电机设计的原因引起的失磁 .............................................................................. 15
3.2.1 选择合适的永磁材料 ............................................................................................... 15
3.2.2 正确预测电机温升 ................................................................................................... 16
3.2.3 正确选择电机永磁体的工作点 ............................................................................... 16