颜色词的英汉差异及翻译论文

浅谈英汉颜色词的比较与翻译中文摘要在人类语言中，颜色词语表现出的独特魅力，令人刮目相看。

在英语和汉语两种语言中有关颜色的表达词语有很多，然而同一颜色在不同语言中的含义有相同，也有不同，其相异之处主要是由文化因素决定的。

因此，在英汉互译时，我们要尽量避免直接根据字面意思去翻译，而要从与其相关的背景知识去理解更深一层的含义。

我们要善于比较英汉常用的颜色词的词义与其内涵，力求在翻译过程中少犯错误，尽可能地减少误译。

本文旨在对英汉常用颜色词的意义进行比较，进一步找出其相同点与不同点；而在进行颜色词的翻译时必须考虑文化因素，以达到交际目的。

关键词:英语；汉语；颜色词；翻译；文化因素AbstractIn the human language, the unique charm which the color words expressions and displays, makes the one hold in high esteem. Th e same color has different meanings in different contexts, which is decided by the cultural element. Therefore, in the process of translating Chinese into English or English into Chinese, we should take the context into consideration rather than translate it literally so that we could make less mistakes. We should compare the word meaning and connotation of color words in both English and Chinese languages, make every effort to avoid the mistake in the translation process and reduce mistranslating. The paper tries to compare so me color words in their usage, and further to explore the difference and similarity between English and Chinese. While translating color words, we must consider the cultural element so that we could achieve the goal of communication.Key words: English；Chinese；color terms；translation；culture factor引言色彩与人类的生活息息相关，是人类认识世界的一个重要领域。

文献综述英语中英文中颜色词的联想意义的对比以及颜色词的翻译一、前言部分（说明写作的目的，介绍有关概念，扼要说明有关主题争论焦点）1.写作目的：众所周知，颜色词在人们的生活与交流过程中起着重要的作用。

影响红色联想意义的因素有很多，比如历史因素，社会心理因素，宗教因素等等。

本文主要研究红色在中英文中联想意义的对比及其翻译手段。

通过阅读文献，列出常见的一些引起红色联想意义不同的因素，同时分析红色在不同情境下应使用的翻译手段，最后提出一些建议，希望能对外语学习者的外语学习及外语教师的教学提供一些启迪。

2.相关概念：徐芳（2008）在《汉英“红色”词汇的语义对比研究》中说，颜色词是人类的色彩认知能力对客观世界中颜色认知、范畴化和编码的结果。

杰弗里.利奇（leech）认为，语义只是意义的一部分，是词或词组的认识意义或者概念意义，也就是他们最基本的核心意义。

陈强（2003）在《汉英动、植物词和颜色词联想意义的差异及其原因》中说，联想意义是人们语言使用过程中，在特定的语用环境下对某一个词产生的附加意义。

这种附加意义体现词汇的感情色彩意义、搭配意义和内涵意义等。

章志光写的《社会心理学》（2008）中提出：社会心理是指一定社会生活状况下形成的、互有影响的多数人共有的心理现象。

王松兰（2010）在《谈英语习语翻译中的直译法》中指出，采用直译法翻译英语习语,是在不违背汉语译文语言规范的前提下,将英语习语按照英文的字面意思直译过来。

平丽芳（2006）在《从“lose one's shirt”谈英语习语翻译的意译法》中，她强调了所谓意译法就是用不同于原文的表达形式来表达与原文相同的思想内容的方法。

3.争论焦点：在过去很长一段时间内，颜色词研究的重点一直集中在大致研究上，虽然基本上都有文献对每种颜色在中英文中的对应意义进行解释，但对各个颜色的深入探讨并没有与时俱进并且提高。

人们逐渐认识到颜色词出现在生活中的频率增加，与自己的生活与交流息息相关。

“白色”在英汉两种语言中的差异色彩与人类的生活息息相关，是人类认识世界的一个重要领域。

色彩不仅具有物理属性，还有着丰富的文化内涵和延伸意义。

该文旨在探析“白色”在英汉语言中的文化差异及翻译，力图更好的促进英汉民族之间的文化交流。

人们每天生活在绚烂缤纷的颜色海洋中，世界因颜色而变的更加五彩斑斓，美丽动人；人们因颜色而变得更加容易、迅速的分辨和记忆各种各样的事物。

但是，由于汉、英民族分属两个截然不同的东、西文化体系，受语言与文化的特殊性的影响，人们对于色彩的实际感受和赋予颜色词的意义也随之各不相同。

文化的蕴涵十分丰富，英国人类学家泰勒（Edward Taylor）对文化（culture）的定义是：“文化是一种复杂的整体，其中包括知识、信仰、艺术、道德、法律、习俗以及人们作为社会成员而获得的一切能力和习惯。

” 每个民族的文化都有其独特的生存土壤，因此颜色词在英汉民族两种不同的文化土壤中必定生长出许多不同的文化内涵。

一. 英汉语言中“白色”的文化内涵英语中“white”的文化内涵。

“white”是英民族最中意的颜色，对英民族传统而言，“white”有纯洁、可爱、美丽的意思。

如“a white soul”指“纯洁的心灵”，这源于The Bible （《圣经》）故事中，天使总是长着一对洁白的翅膀，头顶悬着银白色的光环。

又如在经典芭蕾舞剧“Swan Lake”（《天鹅湖》）中的白天鹅“white swan”带有善良、纯洁和美好的涵义。

在经济生活中“white”有多种内涵。

白色作为一种纯洁而高贵的色彩，一直以来都是一种流行趋势，在欧洲、北美，澳洲等地区，白色消费笔记本已成为时尚的代言人。

此外化妆品、电器、汽车等一系列高雅的白色包装设计的产品在世界范围刮起了一场白色风暴；“white war”经济竞争，“white sale”大减价，“white money”银币。

英民族文化里存在重视“white”的传统，但在一定场合中它可用作贬义。

“红色”在汉英语言‎中的文化内‎涵差异及翻‎译20092‎04240‎34 文婧摘要：颜色是人们‎对客观世界‎的一种视觉‎感知。

人类语言中‎有许多表颜‎色的词语，但由于英汉‎分属于两种‎截然不同的‎文化体系，人们对于同‎一颜色的感‎知和赋予的‎意义也就各‎不相同。

本文以“红色”为例,意在探析“红色”在汉英语言‎中的文化差‎异，提出翻译的‎两种方式，以达到更好‎的民族文化‎交流。

关键词红色；文化差异；翻译一、“红色”在汉语中的‎文化内涵1.1象征喜庆‎“红色”作为中国文‎化中的基本‎崇尚色,在汉民族的‎重大节日里‎,如春节、元旦等,要挂大红灯‎笼,贴红对联、红福字以求‎得安康;结婚时,新娘子要穿‎红衣裙,新郎胸前要‎戴红花,门上床头要‎贴“红双喜”,新生儿出生‎后,民间会给新‎生儿家送“红蛋”以示庆贺。

庆典剪彩用‎大红绸子扎‎成花。

“一骑红尘妃‎子笑，无人知是荔‎枝来”，“红尘”旧指马蹄扬‎起的尘土，后泛指繁华‎热闹的人世‎。

1.2象征美丽‎与健康红色在古代‎常指花，如“千里莺啼绿‎映红”（杜牧）；“是处（柳永）；“乱红飞过秋‎千去”（欧阳修）。

后借以形容‎女红衰翠‎减”子的青春‎美貌，如“红粉佳人”、“红颜知已”、“不辞镜里朱‎颜瘦”（欧阳修）。

少女的房间‎称朱阁，用的信纸称‎红笺，化妆的胭脂‎称朱粉。

红色还可以‎用来形容一‎个人的身体‎健康状况,如红光满面‎,红润的脸颊‎。

1.3象征兴旺‎和发达汉语中的“红色”可象征事业‎的兴旺、发达、顺利、成功等含义‎。

古代朝廷官‎员都住在“朱门”。

人的境遇好‎时被称为“红运当头”;生意好称为‎“生意红火”;得到上司宠‎爱的人叫“红人”;分到利润叫‎“分红”,给人发的奖‎金叫“红包”等等。

1.4象征革命‎和社会主义‎“红色”在中国具有‎浓重、鲜明的政治‎色彩：中华人民共‎和国国旗和‎中国共产党‎党旗都是红‎色,象征着“革命和无产‎阶级事业”,具有“忠贞和进步‎”的褒义联想‎。

论颜色词在英汉双语中的使用摘要：本文采用对比的手法探讨了英汉两种语言中颜色词的差异，说明由于民族历史、社会制度、道德信仰等方面的差异，颜色的表示方法和使用也有很多的不同，对同一种颜色词的理解也有很大差别。

因此，了解并掌握颜色词及其所构成词汇，对跨文化研究与交流有一定的实际意义。

关键词：颜色词；差异；意义；颜色词，顾名思义，就是语言中承担描述色彩作用的词汇。

中英两种语言之中，都有大量的颜色词存在。

在汉语中有红、橙、黄、绿、白、黑、蓝、紫、灰，在英语中也有red, orange, yellow, green, white, black, blue, purple, gray与之相对应。

乔姆斯基在“句法要略”中提出：“语言的一种基本属性在于语言提供各种手段来表达无穷无尽的思想和无止境的新的情景下作出的适宜的反映”。

这便是说明了语言具有创造性的本质，也就决定了词汇可以根据不同的条件表达各种的意义。

对于颜色词来说也不例外。

由于受到民族文化、社会制度、道德信仰、文化艺术、风俗习惯、价值观念、思维方式、生活方式以及地域风貌等等差别的影响，人们对于颜色的客观理解也就呈现出千差万别的景象。

一、英汉两种语言中对同种颜色词的不同理解中华民族崇红尚黄。

就红、黄两种颜色来说，中西方的理解就存在着很大的差别。

中国人尚红，来源于对太阳的崇拜，认为红色代表着喜庆、吉祥、成功、忠诚和兴旺。

所以在中国的传统婚礼上，新人穿红袍，盖红盖头，点红蜡烛。

象征着今后的日子会充满幸福和喜悦。

在现代的词汇中，“红包”是奖励和祝福，“红利”是利润，“红颜”指代年轻和美貌。

再说三国时期的著名武将——关羽，书上说其是“面如重枣”，表明其耿直，忠诚的性格。

所以也就有了“千里走单骑”的壮举，为古今人们所传诵。

而在西方，因为红色是与血和火有关的颜色，red常常用做贬义，它代表的是灾祸、血腥等含义。

如：red-hands 血腥的手——杀人的手；be caught red-handed 当场被捕（被捉个现行）； red-neck 乡巴佬，即受美国北方人所歧视的美国南部的农民。

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“红色”在英汉语言中的文化差异与翻译来源：[本站]浏览：[ ]翻译文化的蕴涵十分丰富，文化是一种历史现象，每一社会都有与其相适应的文化。

英汉语由于不同的思维方式、民族心理等差异，文化因素成了翻译中的障碍。

社会学家认为，作为文化的基石，语言与文化互相影响，互相作用。

语言反映一个民族的特征、历史和文化背景，也反映该民族对人生的看法、生活方式和思维方式。

理解语言必须了解文化，理解文化必须了解语言。

词语是语言中最积极、最活跃的一部分。

词语中显现出语言对文化的承载作用。

色彩与人类生活息息相关，色彩不仅有其物理属性，而且含有丰富的文化内涵。

虽然颜色词仅仅是语言的一小部分，却在汉语和英语语言文化习俗中扮演着重要语意。

在许多场合，颜色词的使用并不是该词在概念意义层面在起作用，而是民族文化深层的有关对某种颜色的联系在起着作用(邵志洪著，英汉语研究与对比，82)。

本文从颜色词“红色” 的翻译来探讨文化差异对于译文的通顺、自然的影响。

一、汉语中“红色”的文化内涵与翻译“红色”象征着吉祥、欢乐、幸福和兴旺发达。

“红色” 也是传统的喜庆象征，往往与庆祝活动或喜庆日子有关。

例如：指生意一开始就很顺利的“开门红”，指生意兴旺的“生意红火”，形容好运不断的“红运当头”，把受领导器重的人称作“大红人”，汉语用“红男绿女”来形容衣着光鲜的男女，用“绿鬓朱颜”来夸奖女孩子黑色鬓发，红润的面颜。

新娘结婚的服装是红色，汉语中的“红双喜”是传统的喜庆象征，原指新婚房门窗或墙上的红喜字。

同时，红色从一个侧面反映了社会变迁。

汉语文化中“红色”也有着浓厚的政治色彩，代表着中国特殊历史时代。

如，文革时期，人们称颂毛泽东为“红太阳”；每天诵读毛主席的著作——“红宝书”；“红小兵”等在文革期间最为流行。

红色在汉语语言文化中，也象征革命和社会主义：如，革命战争时期的“红色苏维埃政权”、“红军”等。

由此可见，在汉语中带“红”字的词语多为褒义。

二、英语中“red”的文化内涵与翻译在英语语言文化中，人们常常将红色与战争、血腥相联系。

浅谈颜色词在中西文化对比下的翻译摘要：英语中表示颜色的词也可用来表示人的情感状态或特征。

关键词：颜色；情感；中西文化；翻译【中图分类号】g712英语中的颜色词指的是：red，blue，green，white，black，yellow，brown等表示色彩的词。

英语中这些表示颜色的词也可用来表示人的感情状态或特征。

在阅读当中，不一样的情绪词汇表达给读者带来非常多的新鲜感，并引起了丰富的联想。

1.red 红色在汉语文化中，红色常和喜庆、幸福、吉祥联系在一起，如红红火火、红光满面等。

在英语中，红色有时完全和汉语对应，如red flag （红旗），red wine（红酒），red-letter days（纪念日，喜庆日，在西方一般指圣诞节或其他节日，在日历上用红色标明，普通日子用黑色）。

he doesn’t have a red cent to his name（他穷得连一个铜板也没有）。

而red carpet是迎接贵宾铺设的红地毯，因此roll out the red carpet意为“隆重欢迎”。

英国政府部门用red tape（红带子）捆扎公文，故用red tape指那些烦琐的公文程序。

英语中in the red，go into the red 都有“赤字、亏本”之意，而to paint the town red 表示狂欢、痛饮、胡闹，多指夜晚去寻欢作乐，不是把全城染红。

2.blue 蓝色蓝色在汉语中的引申意义较少，而在英语中blue是一个含义十分丰富的词，常用来表示人情绪低落、心情沮丧、忧愁苦闷，如in a blue mood，blue devils，sing the blues等，都表示忧郁的意思。

blue在英语中有社会地位高、出身名门之意，如blue blood （出生名门望族）。

blue有时用来指“黄色的，下流的”意思，如blue talk（下流的言论）、blue video（黄色录像）。

此外，blue 还有许多别的意思，如：blue-collar worker指体力劳动者（蓝领）、once in a blue moon（偶尔，有时）、out of blue（意外，意想不到）、drink still all’s blue（一醉方休），在美国，编辑一般用蓝色铅笔改稿，故有作动词的：blue pencil。

英汉诗歌中颜色词的翻译异同对比分析近代中西诗歌中，颜色词是作者最喜爱的象征手段，几乎无处不在。

用来抒发诗人不同情感，表达不同情绪，构建不同场景，构筑一种种气氛，烘托诗歌的表情色彩，它们一定程度上影响着诗歌的味道，使之更具有感染力。

古代汉语有典范的文学语言和传统文化，是一种独特的语言与文化，今日的英汉互译颜色词也受到影响，翻译出的颜色词有诸多的异同，因而我们可以从中发现诸多有趣的现象。

首先，我们发现英汉诗歌中颜色词在翻译中拥有不同的意义。

比如，“green”一词在英语中有“绿色”的意思，但在汉语中则可以表达出“青春”、“希望”等抽象意义，两种语言之间的差异使得翻译出的文字充满乐趣和深度。

华翰的《青玉案秋思》中的“几点催红叶，一枕青丝泣”，英译此句，几乎都用“a few points hurry red leaves, a pillow green silk crying”，用“green”一词当做“眼泪”的象征，更好的表达出悲伤的场景，当然也有“a pillow of tears”的译法，但是“green”给人更加温馨的感受，使诗歌更有深度。

其次，不同诗歌作品中颜色词的使用也各有不同，反映出写作者不同的思维模式。

比如，毛泽东的《春晓》中，他描写春晓早晨场景，融入大量的颜色词，他用“含辛茹苦”来形容早晨的清晨，用“黄花飘飘”来描绘春晓的美景，用“青梅煮酒”来表达春晓早晨的欢乐气氛，这些颜色词的使用，被诗人绅士的思维模式所体现，从而给读者带来不同的感受。

此外，英汉诗歌中颜色词的翻译也存在某种诗性的特点。

比如，英文的“yellow”一词，在汉语中可以翻译成“黄色”、“土黄”、“落霞”、“暮霭”等词，而汉文“青”一词，则可以翻译成“green”、“azure”、“jade”等词，各有其特定的审美意境，给读者以不同的情感体验，可以让读者更仔细地去体会诗人的描绘。

最后，英汉诗歌中颜色词的意义还可以延伸到其他文学领域，比如小说、戏剧中，颜色词实际上也是一种集体概念，它可以暗示人物的心理状态，描绘出场景的蓝图，或者暗示发展情节的前提和走向。

2019 9th International Conference on Social Science and Education Research (SSER 2019)The Semantic Contrast of Color Words between Chinese and English and TheirTranslationWenjia Wan1 and Yanfang Fan21************************************************************************2********************************************************Abstract. There are many color words in all kinds of languages in the world. In essence, color word is a symbol that conveys information with color language, and its connotation is the same for all nations in the world. However, due to the differences in living environment, geographical location and religious belief, there are considerable differences in the understanding and cognition of color words. Chinese and English cultures have a long history, and there are both similarities and great differences in the origin, development, semantic meaning and application of color words under two different cultural backgrounds. In this paper, the comparison and analysis from the perspective of language and culture background of English color words with meaning equivalence and differences and its translation, for some color words in chinese-english two languages as well as the similarities and differences of the language characteristics, cultural significance, and then expounds the understanding of the language vocabulary cannot be separated from specific language environment, so as to reach the correct understanding of words and transformation between different languages, to help us better understand and use the language and culture. Understanding and mastering these color words and the cultural differences they constitute is of practical significance for cross-cultural communication and translation activities.Key words: Color Words, Pragmatic Meaning, Comparative Analysi, Cultural Context1. IntroductionEnglish, like Chinese, has many words for color. Color words are symbols that use color language to convey information or express emotions [1]. Color has a kind of visual ability. Since human beings have the same visual nervous system, physiological mechanism and unified thinking, color words have a lot in common in language and culture, and their essence is the same for all nations [2]. However, given the location of each ethnic, cultural environment, living background, religious belief and cultural background, etc, the difference of different ethnic people in their own way of thinking dimensions to describe the color of something, and give yourself to color characteristics and connotation of national culture, thus the connotation of all sorts of color and the value given by the concept and in the application of language and culture is different [3]. Therefore, as long as there are differences in language and national culture, the additional, extended and associative meanings given by different national languages to colors cannot be consistent [4]. The national idiom meaning of chinese-english color words is the precipitation of Chinese and English national culture and history, which can not only reflect some regional characteristics and times changes, but also show that language is a mirror of national culture [5].In human life, the color of the word occupies a very important position. However, due to the different language and cultural habits and customs between English and Chinese, there are different ways to express colors and words, and even different understandings of the same color [6]. With the development and progress of human civilization, the vocabulary of color has been correspondingly enriched, and its meaning has derived many new meanings from the original simple expression of a certain color, thus making human language more vivid and colorful [7]. Only by understanding the background knowledge of English and Chinese culture and mastering the deep connotation of the words expressing colors in both languages can we carry out more effective and smooth communication and cooperation [8].From the perspective of language communication, language can express two levels of meaning, namely semantic meaning and pragmatic meaning. Semantic meaning is to express the sentence meaning independent of the language through language symbols according to the rules of a language, which can also be called the conceptual meaning or referential meaning of words [9]. Pragmatic meaning refers to the meaning of a word in a specific linguistic environment, sometimes referred to as contextual meaning [10]. The pragmatic meaning of words is different from the semantic meaning. Color word, as a word representing Color, must also have semantic meaning and pragmatic meaning in a specific context [11].By comparing the similarities and differences between Chinese and English color words, this paper makes a microscopic perspective on the differences between Chinese and English national cultures, and further analyzes the reasons for such differences, so as to explore and solve the problems arising from the translation of English and Chinese articles. At the same time, this paper also makes a comparison and analysis of the differences of the specific color words, namely "red", "yellow" and "blue", between Chinese and English.2.Method2.1 Equivalence Research Method of Linguistic Meaning AnalysisThe objectivity of things and the interconnectedness of human cognition make it possible for languages as cultural carriers to communicate, penetrate and transform with each other. The pragmatic meaning of the same color words in English and Chinese is sometimes the same, mainly in some foreign words. For example, white-collar refers to the mental worker corresponding to the manual worker. There is a black market in most cases. A green card allows foreigners to live and work in the United States. -blair: red lights. Driving through red lights means to give the green light to someone. ; The Blueprint: Blueprint; Detailed plan for doing anything detailed plan for doing anything detailed plan for doing anythingIn addition, this same aspect is also reflected in the Chinese and English language people from the color of the metaphor there is even a surprising similarity. In black and white; Call black and white. In addition, in terms of the meaning of color, Chinese and English color words also have a lot in common. For example,black refers to depression, guilt, illegality and sadness, etc. In English, there are black board,black list, black market and black heart. In Chinese, there are blackboards, blacklists, black markets and black hearts. Another example is red, which means "danger and celebration". Red alert, be in the red.Some color words can be used together to form phrases to express certain meanings. Equivalent words can be found in both Chinese and English languages. For example, "it's in white and black. Some phrases like "be black and blue allover" are black and blue allover; Not to distinguish black from white. Chinese and English differ slightly in the correspondence of color words, but their pragmatic meanings are roughly the same.2.2 Research Methods of Linguistic Meaning AnalysisEvery national language contains some words with social meaning, which is related to the cultural traditions and customs of the nation and the country that USES the language. Words in one language have cultural meanings that another language does not have due to different cultures, histories and customs. As an important part of language, color words have a common phenomenon of "non-correspondence" in cultural meaning. In a certain environment, a certain state of mind, the same color in the eyes of different people will have different color sense.Conflict of meaning, meaning something that China has, that Britain or some other country has, and has the equivalent word, but the meaning is very different. Reflected in the color words, the most obvious one is that the same pragmatic meaning is expressed in the two languages, but the semantic meaning of the use of different or even completely opposite color words. Here are some common examples :green eye; Black tea; Brown sugar. Pornographic or obscene films and jokes are"yellow movies and yellow jokes" in Chinese, while "blue movie, blue jokes" in English. The Chinese wore "wear white" to honor the deceased, while the British wore "wear black".3.ExperimentIn order to further study the similarities and differences in the translation of Chinese and English color words, this paper makes a comparative analysis on the specific application of "red, yellow and blue" in translation. The focus of this paper is the contrast between Chinese and English. Therefore, we only compare the language environment of China and the UK, and the comparison results are shown in table 1.Table parison of the connotations of red, yellow and blue in Chinese and EnglishRED YELLOW BLUECHINESE Enthusiasmred-bloodOrthodoxthe yellow robeBeautyblue sky or blueseaENGLISH Cruelred for dangerCowardly in a blue mood3.1 RED in Chinese and RED in EnglishIn both Chinese and western cultures, the bright red is often associated with happy and auspicious days and celebrations, expressing a warm, cheerful, enthusiastic, passionate and uplifting spirit. For example, in English, red-letter days generally refer to Christmas or happy days (calendars are often printed in red); Red-blood refers to a person who is energetic, athletic, and energetic. Red-hot means to drink too much; Roll out the red carpet for somebodyRed can be extended in both Chinese and western cultures to express people's excitement, excitement, shyness, anger and other emotional states. For example, He flushed red, not knowing how to express himself. (his red face, don't know how to express himself.) "Become red-faced" means to blush with shame. He turned red. He turned red. See red see red see red see red However, from the cultural tradition of bullfighting, westerners are deeply aware that "red" is red for danger, which means cruelty, fanaticism, disaster, tedium, blood, etc. Therefore, the red flag used by matadors to anger the bull is described as "something that makes people angry".3.2 YELLOW in Chinese and YELLOW in EnglishYellow, one of the five colors in China, is also called "earth color" or "positive color". As the color of "central, land and imperial dress", it symbolizes the meaning of orthodoxy, brightness and nobleness. Chinese people like to refer to themselves as "descendants of the Yellow Emperor". After the sui dynasty, yellow was made the official color of the emperor and it was forbidden for ordinary people to make clothes with it. Therefore, "the yellow robe" referred to the imperial robe. To be dressed with the imperial yellow robe by one's support and made emperor means to be the emperor.English "yellow" as a noun, in addition to "yellow, yellow, yolk, yellow clothes, yellow dye", there is also "yellow race" meaning; Used as adjectives, in addition to the "yellow, yellow race", also in spoken language used to describe "the cowardly, cowardly" (cowardly). The same can be said of "yellow-bellied" and "yellow-dog". Some nouns are named after their color. For example, yellow pages refers to the yellow phone book printed on yellow paper by americans. The Yellow Book, a report of the French government, is covered with yellow paper. Although some words have the word "yellow" in them, it is not related to "yellow" in English. For example, a lucky day, the nether world, an old man, a virgin.3.3 BLUE in Chinese and BLUE in EnglishBlue in the hearts of Chinese and British and American people are very charming, make people have infinite wonderful reverie, often used to describe the sky and the sea, show nature or people's open mind, for example. However, in English, people often use blue to describe people's feelings, with a derogatory meaning, which means "feeling down", "blue", "annoyed" and other unpleasant emotions. In a blue mood; He is (fall) in the blues. I'm black and blue. I'm black and blue. I'm not in a good mood because I had a really good weekend and I have to go to work or school on Monday.The word "blue-pencil" was originally used by editors of news, magazines, etc., to modify articles with a blue pen. Blue print refers to a blueprint printed by an old Blue printer. The term blueprint is now extended to include any design and detailed plans or schemes.4. Analysis and DiscussionWe can see that there are obvious differences in the use of color words between Chinese and English. Where English USES color words, Chinese does not necessarily use color words, and vice versa. On many occasions, it is not simply the superficial meaning of a certain color word that is at work, but the deep association of a certain color in the national culture that is at work. That is to say, when the color itself does not work, the difference in the use of color words in English and Chinese shows up. The main reasons for the differences in the use of color words between Chinese and English are as follows:4.1 Language ItselfThere are differences between English and Chinese in terms of language and word meaning. English word meaning is flexible while Chinese word meaning is fixed. Chinese words are precise, standard and rigorous, which has been regarded as illegal due to the variety of meanings. In the use of the green, for example, in English, green is associated with "environment", originated from Greenpeace (green peace organization), the organization was founded in 1971 in Canada, the original is a national anti-nuclear groups, develop into a influence after "conservationists international organization", due to human is becoming more and more attention to environmental and ecological, green in the 80 s has become a very active color words, and thus a greenish, the greens, etc. Green bureaucracygreen bureaucracygreen bureaucracygreen bureaucracygreen bureaucracysympathetic to the cause of the environment "Green peace" in Chinese is called "Green peace", but "Green" does not get a new meaning as in English. In other words, the word "green" in English has acquired a new meaning due to its association with green-peace. Without this collocation, the new meaning acquired by "green" may still exist independently. The Chinese word "green" only gets its collocation meaning when it is associated with "greenpeace". Without this collocation, the collocation meaning of "green" does not exist. This shows that the Chinese word meaning is relatively fixed, while the English word meaning is more flexible.4.2 Factors Beyond LanguageNon-linguistic factors refer to cultural factors including customs and cultural background. For example, "blue" means "undercooked" in English, but "blue" is not used in Chinese because English and Chinese view things from different angles. "Grey" in English means "old, sophisticated and mature", while "grey" in Chinese usually refers to "decadence, disappointment and ambiguous attitude". This is because the association between "grey" in English and "grey" in Chinese is different.Black pa mean in English based on undeclared income on the basis of part of the national economy, the Black refers to "illegal", "Black" although there is also a Chinese meaning such as the "secret, do not open", but by Black in Black pa "illegal" is associated with a particular economic system.Redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneck redneckredneck redneck redneck In western culture, in the book of revelation of the bible, there is an adulteress "riding on a Scarlet beast" and wearing "Scarlet clothes", so later in western literature and culture, "Scarlet" is used to mean "lewdness". In English, 'scarlet woman' means' slut '. In the colonial period of North America, puritans used "scarlet letter" as a symbol of adultery. In Chinese, they used "green hat" to call people whose wives had affairs. This is not the case with green cap.The results of the study on factors other than language are shown in table 2 and figure 1. The data in the figure is sorted out according to the SPSS 7.2 logical index standard. The measurement results in this paper meet the requirements of P<0.005, and the study data are valid. In addition, British linguists also carried out a special study on this. They through the questionnaire and on-the-spot interviews, and reference data further analysis, in the Sino-British the influence factors of the differences of color words, cultural tradition of factors account for the vast majority of, about 49.8%, the reason is that transmission of ethnic culture is an important link between language and the different connotations of color words in Chinese and English shows that the two countries culture of homogeneity; The factors of religious belief account for 31.5%. The professors pointed out that, as a traditional Christian country, religious belief is reflected in every aspect of language in Britain, while the religious belief in China mostly focuses on Buddhism, Taoism and ancestor belief. The factors of social customs account for 16.6%. China and Britain have different social habits in the process of historical development, which is reflected in the connotation of color words. Other factors accounted for 2.1 percent.Table 2. Research results of factors other than languageFigure 1. Research results of factors other than language5.ConclusionIn this paper, by comparing the English color words appear in the translation process of the phase connectivity and difference of pragmatic meaning, and the "red, yellow, and blue" three words of the specific translation comparison, analyzing the problems in the semantic translation of color words, color words help us to further enhance the level of understanding and translation skills.Although the number of color words in the vocabulary of Chinese and English languages is limited, it reflects the cultural psychology and aesthetic taste of two different nations. Chinese and English two ancient languages have rich cultural connotation in their long social development process. The color words in them have unique symbolic meaning and can express different emotional colors. Color words not only have the dictionary, direct surface meaning, but also have the pragmatic meaning of cultural emotion. Therefore, in the process of learning English, it is of great significance for us to better understand the cultural background, customs and historical and geographical background of different color words in both English and Chinese.References[1]Yanwen W U, You X, Psychology D O. Is color words identification really not needed in attentional resources Evidence from the Stroop paradigm[J]. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 2017, 49(10):1267.[2]Harrison V, Reed L, Oraby S. Maximizing Stylistic Control and Semantic Accuracy in NLG: Personality Variation and Discourse Contrast[J]. 2019, 451(728):1783-1785.[3]Besner D, Reynolds M. Is semantic activation from print capacity limited? Evidence from the psychological refractory period paradigm[J]. Psychon Bull Rev, 2017, 24(3):907-913.[4]Kinoshita S, De Wit B, Norris D. The magic of words reconsidered: Investigating the automaticity of reading color-neutral words in the Stroop task.[J]. Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory & Cognition, 2017, 43(3):12-16.[5]Mccarthy L M, Kalinyakfliszar M, Kohen F. Effects of semantic context on access to words of low imageability in deep-phonological dysphasia: a treatment case study.[J]. Aphasiology, 2017, 31(5):542.[6]Yamaguchi M, Clarke E L, Egan D L. Is Your Color My Color? Dividing the Labor of the Stroop Task Between Co-actors[J]. Frontiers in Psychology, 2018, 9(3):1407-1409.[7]Aldavert D, Rusinol M. Synthetically Generated Semantic Codebook for Bag-of-Visual-Words Based Word Spotting[J]. 2018, 43(81):223-228.[8]Dandois J, Baker M, Olano M. What is the Point? Evaluating the Structure, Color, and Semantic Traits of Computer Vision Point Clouds of Vegetation[J]. Remote Sensing, 2017, 9(4):355.[9]Jared D, Jouravlev O, Joanisse M F. The effect of semantic transparency on the processing of morphologically derived words: Evidence from decision latencies and event-related potentials.[J]. 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英汉颜色词的语用意义对比及其翻译1. Red (红色):- Translation: 红色(hóng sè)2. Blue (蓝色):- In English, "blue" can evoke a feeling of sadness or melancholy. For example, "feeling blue" means feeling down or depressed.-在中文中，蓝色通常与清新、宁静和冷静的感觉相关，如“蓝天白云”、“心如止水”。

- Translation: 蓝色(lán sè)3. Green (绿色):- In English, "green" is often associated with nature, freshness, and environmental awareness. For example, "going green" means adopting environmentally-friendly practices.-在中文中，绿色通常代表生态环保、健康和希望的意义，如“绿油油的大地”、“绿色出行”。

- Translation: 绿色(lǜ sè)4. Yellow (黄色):- In English, "yellow" can have negative connotations, such as representing cowardice or caution. For example, calling someone "yellow-bellied" means calling them a coward.- Translation: 黄色(huáng sè)5. Black (黑色):- In English, "black" is often associated with darkness, mourning, or formality. For example, "in the black" means being financially profitable.-在中文中，黑色通常与悲伤、凝重和庄重相关，如“黑夜”、“一片漆黑”。

ANHUIWENXUE 安徽文学安徽文学2018年9期总第422期英汉颜色词对比与翻译雷冬娟南京信息工程大学摘要：颜色词汇不仅包含着其本身的含义，还有很多隐含的意义。

因此，本文将通过英汉颜色词之间的对比和翻译，进一步的了解英语国家和汉语国家对不同颜色的理解与运用，以减少翻译实践中的障碍，也可以避免与西方文化的冲突。

关键词院英汉颜色词对比翻译文学翻译一、英汉语言中的颜色分类颜色词在英汉中一般被分为三类：基本颜色词（Basic Words ）、实物颜色词（Color Words with Colors of Objects ）、色差颜色词（Color Words in Shades ）：1.基本颜色词那本身就可以用来表示色彩的词叫做基本颜色词。

英语中基本颜色词有：white ，black ，green ，brown ，red ，blue ，purple ，gray ，yellow ……汉语中基本颜色词分别是：红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、紫……由此可以看出，英汉语中基本颜色词的分类没有太大区别。

2.实物颜色词实物颜色词顾名思义，就是指用用事物本身的色彩来表示颜色的词。

比如说表示纯白色的有snow （雪），lily （百合）；表示艳红色的有blood （血），tomato （西红柿）；表示绿色的有:grass(青草)，emerald(祖母绿)，jade(翡翠)......英汉语言中实物颜色词十分丰富，这样可以更加具体、形象、准确的描绘事物。

3.色差颜色词色差颜色词是指来自太阳的自然光或白光照射在各种颜色上显示出来的具有深浅明暗之分的词，如表示深浓：deep/dark ；表浅淡：light/pale ；表鲜明：bright/vivid 。

二、英汉颜色词对比（一）白色（white ）在中国文化中，白色的含义虽然和西方的白色含义有些重合的地方，但是白色在中国基本上是一个忌讳词，尤其是在中国古代。

就是现在，在大多数老一辈人的眼中穿白色衣服是不太吉祥的。

文献综述英语中英文中颜色词的联想意义的对比以及颜色词的翻译一、前言部分（说明写作的目的，介绍有关概念，扼要说明有关主题争论焦点）1.写作目的：众所周知，颜色词在人们的生活与交流过程中起着重要的作用。

影响红色联想意义的因素有很多，比如历史因素，社会心理因素，宗教因素等等。

本文主要研究红色在中英文中联想意义的对比及其翻译手段。

通过阅读文献，列出常见的一些引起红色联想意义不同的因素，同时分析红色在不同情境下应使用的翻译手段，最后提出一些建议，希望能对外语学习者的外语学习及外语教师的教学提供一些启迪。

2.相关概念：徐芳（2008）在《汉英“红色”词汇的语义对比研究》中说，颜色词是人类的色彩认知能力对客观世界中颜色认知、范畴化和编码的结果。

杰弗里.利奇（leech）认为，语义只是意义的一部分，是词或词组的认识意义或者概念意义，也就是他们最基本的核心意义。

陈强（2003）在《汉英动、植物词和颜色词联想意义的差异及其原因》中说，联想意义是人们语言使用过程中，在特定的语用环境下对某一个词产生的附加意义。

这种附加意义体现词汇的感情色彩意义、搭配意义和内涵意义等。

章志光写的《社会心理学》（2008）中提出：社会心理是指一定社会生活状况下形成的、互有影响的多数人共有的心理现象。

王松兰（2010）在《谈英语习语翻译中的直译法》中指出，采用直译法翻译英语习语,是在不违背汉语译文语言规范的前提下,将英语习语按照英文的字面意思直译过来。

平丽芳（2006）在《从“lose one's shirt”谈英语习语翻译的意译法》中，她强调了所谓意译法就是用不同于原文的表达形式来表达与原文相同的思想内容的方法。

3.争论焦点：在过去很长一段时间内，颜色词研究的重点一直集中在大致研究上，虽然基本上都有文献对每种颜色在中英文中的对应意义进行解释，但对各个颜色的深入探讨并没有与时俱进并且提高。

人们逐渐认识到颜色词出现在生活中的频率增加，与自己的生活与交流息息相关。

中英文化差异论文试谈中英颜色词的文化差异摘要: 颜色是一种视觉效果,人们对色彩的视觉感是相同的。

但是这些描述客观事物的颜色词在人们生活中使人产生的联想,受到各个民族的语言习惯、文化传统、地理环境、风俗习惯、历史背景、宗教信仰等因素的影响而产生差异。

本文就红、黄、白、黑六种基本色探讨了中英颜色词内涵的不同,就其象征意义进行了比较研究。

关键词: 颜色词文化差异联想意义语言应用1.引言人类生活在五光十色的自然界中,在日常的生活、生产中创造了十分丰富的颜色词汇,成为人们传递信息、表达事物和思想的重要工具。

作为表达客观视觉感的词语,颜色词丰富了人类的语言,强化了语言的形象。

从理论上讲,人们对它的感知应该是一致的。

然而,各民族由于语言习惯、文化传统、地理环境、风俗习惯、历史背景等的不同,人们总是按照自己的思维定势和价值尺度描绘事物的颜色,赋予事物以自己的民族文化内涵。

颜色一旦浸入文化的染体,在人们的心目中就会产生特定的含义,引起特殊的联想。

因此,即使是同一种颜色在不同民族的心里所引起的联想意义有时候也是大相径庭的。

这种民族文化内涵一旦形成就不易改变,在中英跨文化交流中,这种由民族的特定文化内涵而引起的文化差异比比皆是,给各民族之间的交流造成了很大的障碍。

本文将着重比较中英语言中的颜色词在两种文化中联想意义和语言应用两方面的差异。

2.颜色词在联想意义上的文化差异2.1红色自古以来,中国人的崇红情结是有目共睹的。

在中国文化传统中,红与太阳与火有关,太阳给万物带来生机与温暖,而火意味着光明与兴旺。

所以红色象征着幸福、喜庆、吉祥、成功、好运。

在中国,红色都是运用在美好吉利的事物上。

从中国文化中意味着人生大事的传统婚俗习惯中便可看出:新娘子要穿红衣,盖红盖头,坐大红轿。

新娘也要披红,新房则是红色的海洋:红喜字、红蜡烛、红被褥、红箱笼……亲朋好友要送“红包”,媒人叫“红娘”。

红色不仅给婚礼带来喜庆欢快的气氛,而且寓意着新婚夫妻婚后日子的幸福、红火。

中英文颜色词的文化内涵和翻译【摘要】由于汉语和英语两种语言的文化差异，许多词汇蕴涵了不同的民族感情色彩，在翻译和交际过程中可能产生偏差和误解。

本文以颜色词汇为例分析解读了颜色词汇的不同文化内涵和感情色彩，以此达到增强语言交际能力、避免文化冲突的目的。

【关键词】颜色；词汇；文化差异；文化内涵Abstract: Owing to the cultural difference between Chinese and English, words are embedded with different national feeling, which would result in misunderstanding even wrong translation in the course of communication. This article takes some colors for instance to analyze cultural connotations and hidden national feelings of vocabulary in different countries so as to improve communication and avoid cultural conflicts.Key word: colour vocabulary cultural difference cultural connotation对颜色的认知，是人类最基本的认知范畴之一。

虽然各种语言表达颜色的词汇数量差别较大，但是基本词汇，如黑、白、红、黄、绿、蓝等，在很多语言中都是相通的。

不过，由于各民族文化风俗、地理位置、历史传统、宗教信仰、民族心理、思维习惯等方面差异，颜色词语有时表现出各民族独特的“个性”，带有显著的文化烙印。

比如巴西人忌讳绿色，日本人忌讳黄色，泰国人忌讳红色，比利时人忌讳蓝色，土耳其人忌讳花色，欧美国家大多忌讳黑色。