下载文档原格式
中英文颜色词的文化内涵和翻译【摘要】由于汉语和英语两种语言的文化差异，许多词汇蕴涵了不同的民族感情色彩，在翻译和交际过程中可能产生偏差和误解。
本文以颜色词汇为例分析解读了颜色词汇的不同文化内涵和感情色彩，以此达到增强语言交际能力、避免文化冲突的目的。
【关键词】颜色；词汇；文化差异；文化内涵Abstract:OwingtotheculturaldifferencebetweenChinese andEn glish,word sareembedd edwithdiff erentnatio nalfeeling,whichwoul dresultinm isundersta ndingevenw rongtransl ationinthe courseofco mmunicatio n.Thisarti cletakesso mecolorsfo rinstancet oanalyzecu lturalconn otationsan dhiddennat ionalfeeli ngsofvocab ularyindif ferentcoun triessoast oimproveco mmunicatio nandavoidc ulturalcon flicts.K eyword:col ourvocabul arycultura ldifferenc eculturalc onnotation对颜色的认知，是人类最基本的认知范畴之一。
虽然各种语言表达颜色的词汇数量差别较大，但是基本词汇，如黑、白、红、黄、绿、蓝等，在很多语言中都是相通的。
不过，由于各民族文化风俗、地理位置、历史传统、宗教信仰、民族心理、思维习惯等方面差异，颜色词语有时表现出各民族独特的“个性”，带有显著的文化烙印。
比如巴西人忌讳绿色，日本人忌讳黄色，泰国人忌讳红色，比利时人忌讳蓝色，土耳其人忌讳花色，欧美国家大多忌讳黑色。
颜色在不同的民族文化中承载了不同的内涵。
燕山大学毕业论文中英颜色词的翻译及文化差异惠照雪燕山大学2013年10月燕山大学本科生毕业论文燕山大学毕业论文中英颜色词的翻译及文化差异学院（系）：外国语学院年级专业： 10级商务英语学生姓名：惠照雪指导教师：韩大伟答辩日期： 2013/10/29Cultural differences of the color red between English and ChineseAbstractAs we live in a colorful world, the diversity of colors results in the diversity of the equivalent color terms. Apart from expressing the most basic colors in the nature,colors, to some extent, represent some values and aesthetics of the mankind. In this case, color terms no longer merely express the designative meaning of the objective colors. They are given different symbolic meanings. People with different cultural background have different perceptions and aesthetic experience about colors, in which similarities can be found.This paper will select a few typical color terms to analyze the similarities and differences of color terms in Chinese and English cultures, discuss various reasons for these similarities, and touches upon their influence on the cross-cultural communication and exchanges and the solutions.摘要我们生活在五彩缤纷、五颜六色的世界中，颜色的多样性造成了与之相对应的颜色词的丰富多彩。
中英颜色词文化对比与翻译作者：高媛来源：《现代交际》2015年第03期[摘要]汉语与英语在诸多方面具有差异，如认识不到这些差异，便会对翻译造成障碍。
本文重点研究了三原色“红、黄、蓝”的中英文化异同，旨在探讨翻译颜色词的方法，方便读者的理解。
[关键词]文化对比“红、黄、蓝” 翻译[中图分类号]H315.9 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1009-5349（2015）03-0066-02语言与文化密不可分，翻译更不能离开所译语言的文化背景。
颜色同样蕴涵着多种文化含义。
不同语言环境下，对颜色的认知理解均有不同，因此翻译颜色词时，不仅要求懂得颜色的文化含义，还要懂得如何完成英汉双语的转换。
“红、黄、蓝”是我们常见的色彩，本文致力于探讨这三种颜色的英汉文化差异以及翻译方法，力求使大家关注颜色词的翻译方法。
一、颜色词的中英文化比较（一）红色红色是自然界最普遍的一种颜色，在中国人心中，“红”也有着深刻的意义。
因为在中国，“红”象征着喜庆，象征着兴隆。
春节期间，家家户户的红灯笼、红对联，代表着一种喧嚣欢乐的氛围。
除此之外，“红”还象征着顺利、成功，或者是受到重视。
例如为我们熟悉的词语“红运”，“红人”等。
红色是我国千百年来崇尚的颜色，它能够在某种程度上满足中国人心中的需求。
从其颜色本身，“红色”是鲜血的颜色，在英语中，鲜血可以引申为暴力、激进的革命，带有贬义。
英语的red，包含支持左翼观点；支持共产主义；革命激进分子等含义，例如词语red activities便是“左派激进运动”之意。
其革命含义偏血腥，如英语中的词语red-handed（手沾满血的；正在犯罪的），a red battle（血战）等。
在汉语中，此种颜色也有一种革命的含义，但是其在汉语的革命意义是褒义的，象征着革命与政治觉悟高。
如汉语中红军（the Red Army）、红领巾（red scarf）。
“红色”还表示一种情绪状态，或愤怒，或喜悦，或羞赧，这是英汉皆有的含义。
Comparison and Translation of English andChinese Color WordAbstractThe tendency of worldwide economic globalization has been intensified, and people have close exchanges in almost every fields. The role of culture in the interaction between people from all nations is becoming extremely crucial. This paper discusses the translating and contrast of color words in China and the West, which mostly involves three sections, the definition and the differences of color words, the contrast with color words and methods used in translation in English and Chinese. Meanwhile, the first part contains three respects, namely, the definition, categories that consists of basic color words, color words with colors of objects and color words in shades, as well as the reasons for the discrepancies in color words, which includes the different ethnic beliefs lead to differences in color words, influence of different modes of thinking and representation on color words and influence of different political systems and social differences on color words. And the second part mainly covers six respects, namely, the various implication and usage of color words in these two languages, such as red, black, white, yellow, blue and green. Ultimately, the last part involves two respects, namely, literary translation and free translation that contains cultural equivalence and functional equivalence. By comparing and translating color words about these two kinds of languages, this essay, for one thing, will aim at making a profound analysis of the discrepancies about the utilization of color words about the two languages and the reasons for the discrepancies; for another, the writer expects to offer tiny advice and references on color words in the future.Key Words: Chinese and English color words, comparison, translation摘要随着世界经济全球化的发展，各国人民在政治、经济和文化之间的交往日益密切。
颜色中英文对照颜色中英文对照大全Natural color;begin colour 自然色Primary colour;fundamental colour 原色Pure colour 纯色Complementary colour 补色Fashion colour;trend colour 流行色Inter colour 国际流行色Essential colour 基本色Similar colour 同类色Multicolour 多种色彩Full colour 彩色Plain colour 素色Secondary color 混合色Contract colour 对比色Cold colour 冷色Warm colour 暖色Neutral colour;intermedium colour 中间色Soft colour 柔和色Rich in colour 浓色Advancing colour 前进色Receding colour 后退色Expansive colour 膨胀色Contracting colour 收缩色Ground colour 底色Surface colour 表面色Transparent color 透明色Metal colour 金属色Accent colour 强调色Colour matching;colour combination 配色Colour mixing 调色====================================== === red 红色vermeil, ponceau 朱红pink;soft red; rose bloom 粉红色plum;crimson;梅红rose 玫瑰红peach blossom;桃红cherry 樱桃红salmon pink 桔红色garnet石榴红purplish red;date red 枣红色lotus red 莲红色fuchsia pink 浅莲红bean red 豆红capsicum red辣椒红Kaoliang red 高梁红poppy red 芙蓉红lake;rouge red胭脂红salmon 鲑鱼红hawksbill turtle red 玳瑁红cadmium orange 海螺红ruby red 宝石红agate red 玛瑙红coral珊瑚红bronze red金红iron oxide red铁红rust red铁锈红chrome red铬红brick red砖红reddle 土红purplish red;wine red;紫红（酒红）prune;mulberry深紫红henna棕红dark red;dull red暗红fresh red;blood red;bright red鲜红scarlet绯红silver pink米红deep red深红light red 淡红===================================== 橙色 orange黄色 yellow深桔黄 deep orange浅桔黄 light orange; clear orange柠檬黄 lemon yellow;lemon玉米黄 maize橄榄黄 olive yellow稻草黄 straw yellow芥末黄 mustard杏黄 broze yellow蛋黄 york yellow;egg yellow藤黄 rattan yellow象牙黄 nude日光黄 sunny yellow土黄 earth yellow ;yellowish brown;砂黄 sand yellow金黄 golden yellow;gold深黄 deep yellow棕黄 tan青黄 bluish yellow灰黄 sallow;grey yellow米黄 cream嫩黄 yellow cream鲜黄 cadmium yellow鹅黄 light yellow中黄 midium yellow浅黄 light yellow ,pale yellow;buff淡黄 primrose;jasmine====================================== ====绿色 green豆绿 pea green;bean green浅豆绿 light bean green;橄榄绿 olive green;olive茶绿 tea green; plantation葱绿 onion green;苹果绿 apple green森林绿 forest green苔藓绿 moss green草地绿 grass green灰湖绿 agate green水晶绿 crystal玉绿 jade green石绿 mineral green松石绿 spearmint ; viridis孔雀绿 peacock green墨绿 green black ;jasper墨玉绿 emerald black深绿 petrol ;bottle green;Chinese green暗绿 deep green青绿 dark green碧绿 azure green; viridity蓝绿 blue green黄绿 yellow green灰绿 grey green;褐绿 breen中绿 medium green;golf green浅绿 light green淡绿 pale green====================================== ========== 靛青 ingigo蓝色 blue天蓝 ;蔚蓝 sky blue ; azure月光蓝 moon blue海洋蓝 ocean blue海蓝 sea blue湖蓝 acid blue深湖蓝 vivid blue中湖蓝 bright blue冰雪蓝 ice-snow blue孔雀蓝 peacock blue宝石蓝 sapphire;jewelry blue粉末蓝 powder blue藏蓝 purplish blue ;navy海军蓝 navy blue宝蓝 royal blue墨蓝 blue black紫蓝 purplish blue浅紫蓝 dutch blue青蓝 ultramarine深灰蓝 blue ashes深蓝 dark blue ; deep blue鲜蓝 clear blue中蓝 medium blue浅蓝 light blue淡蓝 pale blue ;baby blue=================================== 紫色purple ;violet紫罗兰色 violet紫水晶色 amethyst葡萄紫 grape茄皮紫 wineberry;aubergine玫瑰紫 rose violet丁香紫 lilac墨紫 violet black绛紫 dark reddish purple暗紫 violet deep;dull purple乌紫 raisin蓝紫 royal purple鲜紫 violet light深紫 modena浅紫 grey violet淡紫 pale purple ;lavender淡白紫 violet ash青莲 heliotrope雪青 lilac墨绛红 purple black暗绛红 purple deep浅绛红 purple light================================黑色 black炭黑 carbon black;charcoal black 暗黑 pitch-black ; pitch-dark漆黑 dull black白色 white象牙白 ivory white牡蛎白 oyster white珍珠白 pearl white玉石白 jade white银白 silver white羊毛白 wool white乳白 milky white米白 off-white; shell雪白 snow-white灰白 greyish white纯白 pure white本白 raw white ;off white粉红白 pinky white浅紫白 lilac white灰色 grey银灰色 silver grey炭灰色 charcoal grey烟灰 smoky grey雾灰 misty grey黑灰 grey black金色 gold银色 silver青古铜色 bronze;bronzy驼色 camel ;light tan米色 beige;cream; gray sand卡其色 khaki奶油色 cream豆沙色 cameo brown水晶色 crystal荧光色 iridescent彩虹色 iris; rainbow棕色 brown茶褐 umber;auburn淡褐 light brown咖啡 coffee琥珀色 amber=========================Taupe 浅灰褐色lavender 浅紫mushroompistachio 淡黄绿色（开心果的颜色）hunter green 森林绿色fanionaquamarine 海蓝宝石的蓝色palominochestnut 栗褐色mocha 咖啡色burgundy 葡萄酒红bordeaux 波尔多红，紫红======================英汉语中某些颜色的词语，在平时的运用中其客观色彩意义已经淡化，而常用来表示不同的喻义。
谈中英颜色词“黑色”的文化涵义及其翻译论文关键词:颜色词文化涵义直译意译论文摘要:颜色词在很大程度上反映了不同民族,不同时代人们的文化心理,审美情趣等等。
本文从文化角度对中英两种语言中的颜色词黑色”进行比较分析,从而了解其文化涵义,同时对其在英汉互译时的基本翻译方法进行了初步探讨。
1文化内涵的等同性黑色作为一种基本颜色词在英汉两种文化中除了它的本义相同在以下几个方面还表现出相同的文化内涵。
1)表示“坏的,肮脏的,邪恶的”黑色因其代表的颜色表示昏暗无光故常用于贬义,常与不好的事物联系在一起。
blacknews指坏消息,blackwater指“黑水”(肮脏或受污染的水)。
在著名的芭蕾舞剧《天鹅湖》中,黑天鹅是邪恶与阴险的象征。
2)表示“死亡,悲哀,不幸,愤怒”在英汉两种文化中,黑色常被视为“死亡之色”。
在英语国家中人们参加葬时一般都穿黑色衣服,在中国的葬礼上人们常常臂戴黑纱以示哀悼。
正是因为黑色常与死亡联系在一起,因此也与悲哀、不幸有了不可分割的联系。
“ablackday”指倒霉的一天“;ablackdog”指忧郁不开心的人;汉语中同样有“黑色心情”“,黑色七月”等。
此外,汉语中常用“黑着脸”来表示发怒,英语中也有类似用法如“beblackwithanger”。
3)表示“私下的,秘密的,非法的”黑色因其阴暗无光的意义故其比喻义常与非法等意义相关。
“blackmoney(黑钱)”指通过违法手段得到的不义之财,类似的还有“blackmarket(黑市)、blacklist(黑名单)black-hearted(黑心的,邪恶的)、blackdeeds(恶劣行径)。
汉语中同样有“黑户、黑钱、黑货、黑店”等等。
4)表示“庄重、正义”黑色除了表示消极意义也表示积极意义。
在我国古代,黑色是一种尊重和庄重的颜色,是夏朝和秦朝所崇尚的正色,缁衣(黑色帛做的衣服)则是卿士听朝的正服。
因黑色和铁的颜色相似,我国古人常将铁的坚硬特征与黑色联系起来,用黑色来象征“刚直、公正无私”,因此在中国戏曲脸谱艺术中,往往用黑色脸谱来象征历史人物的秉公执法,刚正不阿等高尚品质,最典型的代表是宋朝的包拯。
Title: Talking about differences of color words in cross-culturalAbstract: Man has a common feeling about colors, because color words can not only express the natural gorgeous colors, but also reflect the view of value and the aesthetic standard of a people. To this point, color words have more than their literal meanings. They also have rich associative meanings. This article firstly analyzes the cultural differences of color words from the national psychology, historical tradition, religious beliefs, habits and customs, emotion of the color. And then it probes into their influences on the language with detailed discussion, pointing out the similarities and differences which exist in the language performance. Because the cultural difference has brought barriers on translation and international communication, finally the paper discusses the problem of how to deal with the cultural differences in human communication and proposes some processing ways as well as some translation methods in the translation process. Through analyzing and understanding some differences between two nations, we are trying to avoid the communication barrier in the international communication so that we can achieve the goal of successful communication.Key words:color word; cultural difference; international communication; associative meaning二、颜色词分类的不同颜色词可以大略分为基本颜色词和实物颜色词,前者是本来就描写事物颜色的词,后者则起先是某种实物的名称,由于这种实物本身具有强烈而突出的颜色,因而它们逐渐形成了一种附加功能:不仅可以表示实物,还用来描述具有相同颜色的一类事物。
The cultural differences of color words between English and ChineseTranslationAbstract:Red, white, black three color words have similarities in associative meaning, Chinese culture and Western culture in the symbolic meaning and semantics, and there are also differences, with the common, confusing phrases and idioms translation, let people know the importance of color words in English and Chinese in two cultures. Keywords: color words; symbolic meaning; cultural difference; idiomColor is closely related with human life, we every hour and moment is not in dealing with color. Represents various color words embody national cultural features of English and Chinese culture is different, the performance of different national "personality", with significant cultural stigma. The same color words often contain different symbolic significance. Therefore, correctly grasp the deep meaning of color words in the two languages and the correct translation, master the vocabulary and idioms in the English language, has a role can not be ignored in cross-cultural communication.This paper focuses on three color words: red (red), white (white), black (black), it is in the two languages of English and Chinese language and culture differences be explained, and some common translation and confusable vocabulary and idioms, for English learners.一.REDWhether in China or in western countries, often live with festive red Move on, but in China the symbolic meanings of red more strongly. Red symbolizes celebration, successful, thriving, warm, such as "full house", "good", "fire".Chinese traditional wedding tone mainly in red, the bride wearing red clothes, cover red hijab, a red candle, with red hi word, a faction be bursting with happiness. In the Anglo-American countries, the bride dressed in white wedding dress, wearing a white wedding dress. "Red" stands for "fire" in British and American culture, "blood", "agression", "excitement", "Rage", "violence", such as "seered", "red- handed", "a red battle" is reminiscent of violence and bloodshed. Red in China is also a symbol of revolution, such as "red", "be both red and expert", while in English often pejorative meaning, with "red", "radical left.", Such as "red belt", "red activities". Red in Chinese also refers to people who favor or boss, such as "red", "popular";A joint-stock enterprises at the end of the year profits distributed to shareholders in economic terms, such as "bonus", "bonus", While in English refers to economic or business often have "deficit", "loss" meaning, such as "be in the red", "red ink".Red refers to the color, has the same meaning in English and Chinese, refer to the "red", "black", "red" and other means, can be used as adjectives and nouns. It refers to the traffic, with "red" in English and chinese.1. And "red" the relevant vocabulary, idioms and English to Chinese language1) 红白喜事———weddings and funeralsChina known as the wedding for weddings, funerals for the funeral, andAnglo-American countries marriage funeral custom is different, So it should not be directly translated into "red and white happyoccasions" in translation, or foreigners will be terrified.2) 红娘———go- between/match- maker"Matchmaker" Yuan drama "the West Chamber" heroine. Yingying's maid, she contributed to urge YingYing and Zhang Sheng binding, then folk is known as "matchmaker" eager to others marriage, not a name.3) 红粉; 红颜———a young beautyBoth the beauty, corresponding to the English "red" can't, Wu Weiye of the Qing Dynasty "round": "six Army Song wail with white mourning dress, red crown anger as a confidante." Chinese old beautiful woman die or be married to a bad husband is beautiful, often have "since ancient times, confidante much". So in the translation should adopt free translation, avoid direct translation of color.For example,红颜薄命译为“a beautiful girl has an unfortunate life”。
4)《红楼梦》———The Story of the Stone"A dream of Red Mansions" also known as "stone". A dream of Red Mansions in Chinese refers to the magnificent buildings, the old often refers to a rich woman. Many people directly translated into "A Dream of the Red Mansion", but the British translator David Hawks in translation is not to take the literal translation, but taking into account the "differences in English and Chinese culture, according to red" translate "a dream of Red Mansions" alias "stones".5)红本———memorials to the throne read and written in red by Chinese emperorsThe Ming Dynasty eunuch Liu Jin dictatorship, the memorial has two copies, a name for the emperor's white, a fine-sounding name red this to Liu Jin, but later until the Qing Dynasty, almost by Emperor Zhupi is red. Such as take the words too literally, directly translated into "red book", will let the Anglo-American countries were considered to be a cover for the red book, and misunderstand the meaning.6) 红尘———the world of mortals; human societyBuddhism, Taoism and other known world to red, so in the translation should be the translation of the true meaning of.7) 红豆———love peaWang Wei "Acacia" poem: "health and southern red beans, spring a few branches. Take home an armful, for my sake, as a symbol of our love. In China, red is used to symbolize love or love, so in the translation should adopt free translation can play a vivid effect.8)满堂红———all- round victory; success in every fieldIn the translation of this phrase should adopt free translation, translation of red in Chinese means "victory, the success of" symbolic significance.9) 红榜———honour rollIn the translation of "honor roll" also should adopt free translation, translation of the "red" "victory in the Chinese language, the symbolic meaning of success", not the literal translation.10) 红利———extra dividend; bonusChinese in the "dividend" means a part of the dividend, "red" is not a color, not the "red" in English, the translator should adopt free translation.11) 红运———good luck"Good luck" means good luck, the translator should adopt free translation.12) 红糖———brown sugarHere the "red" instead of "red" in English translation, this is the expression of English and Chinese color misalignment.13) 红茶———black teaLbid.14) 红得发紫———extremely popularThe word "red", with the color "purple", in order to translate the true meaning, should not use literal translation and free translation, color, in order to reach to a proper extent to express the true meaning of the word.15) 又红又专———both socialist- minded and vocationally proficient"Be both red and expert" is used to describe the advanced sex revolution, so the translation should be the translation of the Chinese characteristics.2. And "red" relevant vocabulary, idioms and their translation in English1) be in the red———亏损; 赤字In English "red" not only means "red" color, with "deficit" in terms of economic or business, "loss" and other means, the commonly used "in the red", "red ink" said, so the translator should grasp the correct meaning of the word, in order to avoid mistranslation.2) red- ball———(美俚)货运快车;铁路特快货车"Red- ball" is not a Chinese "red", but "express", namely the express freight train; railway express freight.3) red ink———赤字; 亏损; 亏空状态"Red ink" in English refers to the accounting records of Central Plains debit or loss of red ink balance, interpreted as "deficit; loss; the red.". For example:The company went into red ink last year.( 去年那家公司处于亏空状态。
