2020年高考英语二轮复习考点学与练专题08 定语从句(高考押题)(含解析)

定语从句一．考情分析，命题探究2015-2019年定语从句考情一览表纵观近五年全国卷高考试题，定语从句仍是近五年高考考查热点。

对定语从句的考查主要集中在对关系代词、关系副词的的选用及判断以及非限制性定语从句的考查上。

二．真体演练，品味高考1. (2019全国卷III) They were well trained by their masters who had great experience with caring for these animals.2. (2019全国卷II) Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,which she opened with her late husband Les.3. (2019全国卷III) (改错) In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment which is created for them.4. (2018全国卷I)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014,which showed a mere five to 10. minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.5.(2018全国卷II) The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005---when the government started a soil-testing program that/which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers----and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7. 7 million tons.6. (2018全国卷I) (改错) They also had a small pond in which/where they raised fish.7. (2017全国卷I) Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both,which is not good for the health.8.(2017全国卷II) (改错)In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, which is on the rooftop of their house.9. (2017全国卷III) (改错) Around me in the picture are the things that were very important in my life at that time.10. (2017全国卷III) But sarah,who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.11.(2016全国卷III) Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius who lived from roughly 551- to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.12. (2016全国卷I) But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.13. (2015全国卷I) I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking thelimestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artistsin so many Chinese paintings.14.(2019·江苏卷)We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true.15.(2019·天津卷)Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.16.(2018·江苏卷)Self-driving is an area where China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.17.(2018·北京卷)She and her family bicycle to work, which helps them keep fit.18. (2017·北京卷)The little problems that/which we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.19.(2017·天津卷)My eldest son, whose work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.20.(2017·江苏卷)In 1963, the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.21.(2017·浙江卷)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.22．(2019·北京卷)The students benefitting most from college are those who are totally engaged in academic life, taking full advantage of the college's chances and resources．23.(2019·浙江卷)On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth that/which gives off light in the dark.三.考点总结，查漏补缺知识点一：定语及定语从句翻译句子,画出句子的定语成分。

高考英语二轮专题总复习语法定语从句1.回顾复习上节课虚拟语气用法：①我要睡觉了。

希望你能将电视机声音调小点。

→②If you have really been studying English for so long, it’s about time you ___ able to write letters in EnglishA. should beB. wereC. must beD. are③Her facial expression suggested that she ___ angry.A. should beB. must beC. wasD. be④We’d rather you___ the account tomorrowA. settledB. settleC. will settleD. would settle⑤if only that photoA. hadn’t missedB. missedC. not missedD. missing2.上节课盲点回顾停下来去喝水→停止喝水→Science→（科学的）→（科学家）该上学了→It is timeIt is time听写单词：3.定语从句的概念Green team（绿队）→Team in green（绿队）→The team who wear in green.(穿绿衣服的队伍)↓↓↓形容词介词短语从句（即为定语从句）▶▶▶▶▶The Attributive Clause→在句子中修饰或限定名词，代词的从句就是定语从句☻The team who先行词4．关系代词的用法：which, who, whom, whose, that4.1 ①These are the trees which / that were planted last year。

②These are the students who won the first place last year.③The runner who you are asking about is over there.④The games which / that the young men competed in were difficult.▶▶▶▶▶归纳总结：在定语从句中当先行词是事物时，那么该从句要用关系代词：引导。

高考英语二轮语法巩固-《定语从句》专题讲练【正误比对】误区之一关系代词that与which的误用(1)【误】All the books which were borrowed from the library must be returned on time.【正】All the books that were borrowed from the library must be returned on time. [分析] which改为that。

当定语从句的先行词被all, some, any, no, few等修饰时,关系代词用that。

句意:所有从图书馆借出的书必须按时归还。

(2)【误】He lives in the room, the window of that faces the south.【正】He lives in the room, the window of which faces the south.[分析] that 改为which。

在“介词+关系代词”型的定语从句中,指物时,关系代词用which不用that;指人时,关系代词用whom不用which。

表示所有格关系时,一律用whose,the window of which相当于whose window。

(3)【误】Dinner starts with a small dish, that is often called a starter.【正】Dinner starts with a small dish, which is often called a starter.[分析] that 改为which。

在非限制性定语从句中,用which而不用that。

误区之二关系代词与关系副词的误用(1)【误】I still remember the days when I spent with farmers in the countryside. 【正】I still remember the days (that/which) I spent with farmers in the countryside. [分析] when改为that/which。

专题强化练(八) 完形填空之说明文 Passage 1(2019·河南信阳高三模拟) Reading good books is one of the greatest pleasures in life.It__1__our happiness when we are cheerful，and lessens our__2__when we are sad.A good book may absorb our attention so__3____that for the time being we forget our__4__．Whatever may be our main purpose in reading，good books should never fail to give us__5__．With a good book in our hands we will never be__6__．Whether the characters in the book are taken from real life or are purely__7__，they may become our companions and make us laugh.The people we meet in books may__8__ us either because they are similar to our close friends or because they present__9__ types whom we are glad to welcome as new acquaintances.Our human friends sometimes__10__ us，but the friends we make in books always respect us.By turning the pages we can__11__ them without any fear of hurting their feelings.When our human friends__12__ us，good books are always there to give us sympathy and encouragement. One of the most valuable gifts from books is__13__．Few of us can travel far from home，__14__ all of us can lead varied lives through the pages of book.When we wish to__15__ from the dull realities of everyday life，a book will help us when__16__ else can.To travel by book we don't have to__17__ and save a lot of money.Through books we may get the thrill of adventure without__18__．We can climb high mountains or cross the hot sands of the desert，__19__，through books the whole world is ours for the asking.The__20__ of our literary experiences are almost unlimited. 1．A.achieves B．reduces C．increases D．threatens 2．A.duties B．sorrows C．chances D．diseases 3．A.completely B．naturally C．frequently D．desperately 4．A.performances B．prejudices C．responsibilities D．surroundings 5．A.agreement B．treatment C．enjoyment D．judgement 6．A.lonely B．lazy C．tired D．guilty 7．A.average B．imaginary C．typical D．fortunate 8．A.greet B．shock C．worry D．delight 9．A.uncertain B．unpractical C．unfamiliar D．unnecessary 10．A.make fun of B．take care of C．catch sight of D．pay attention to 11．A.order B．control C．believe D．ignore 12．A.challenge B．abandon C．understand D．persuade 13．A.pleasure B．knowledge C．experience D．success 14．A.but B．or C．if D．so 15．A.return B．recover C．graduate D．escape 16．A.anything B．nothing C．everything D．something 17．A.pay B．stop C．guess D．race 18．A.reason B．evidence C．danger D．instruction 19．A.However B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Anyway 20．A.purposes B．possibilities C．directions D．suggestions 【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。主要说明一本好书可以给我们带来快乐、朋友、经验和指导。 1．解析：当我们高兴的时候，它增加(increases)我们的幸福；我们难过的时候，它降低我们的悲痛(sorrows)。 答案：C 2．解析：参见上题解析。 答案：B 3．解析：一本好书会完全(completely)吸引我们，以至于我们忘记了周围的环境(surroundings)。 答案：A 4．解析：参见上题解析。 答案：D 5．解析：无论我们读书的目的是什么，好的书应该总是给我们享受(enjoyment)。 答案：C 6．解析：手中有一本好书从来都不会寂寞(lonely)。 答案：A 7．解析：无论书中的人物形象来自于真实生活还是虚构的(imaginary)，都会使我们发笑。 答案：B 8．解析：我们在书中遇到的人使我们高兴(delight)，要么是因为他们与我们亲密的朋友相似，要么是因为他们呈现给我们不熟悉(unfamiliar )的类型的人，我们很高兴把他们当作新的熟人。 答案：D 9．解析：参见上题解析。 答案：C 10．解析：有时我们人类的朋友会取笑(make fun of)我们，但是书中的朋友会尊重我们。 答案：A 11．解析：通过翻书页我们可以忽略(ignore)它们，不用担心会伤害到他们的感情。 答案：D 12．解析：当我们人类的朋友遗弃(abandon)我们时，书中的朋友总是给我们以同情和鼓励。故选B。 答案：B 13．解析：书中最有价值的礼物之一就是经验(experience )。 答案：C 14．解析：我们很少能出远门。但是(but)我们都可以通过书了解丰富多彩的生活。 答案：A 15．解析：当我们想从日常乏味的生活中逃脱(escape)时，如果没有别的东西(nothing)的话，一本好书将会给我们帮助。 答案：D 16．解析：参见上题解析。 答案：B 17．解析：在书中旅游不用花钱(pay)。 答案：A 18．解析：在书中我们可以没有危险(danger)地得到冒险的刺激。 答案：C 19．解析：不管怎样(Anyway)，通过书整个世界我们都可以去询问。 答案：D 20．解析：我们文学经历的可能性(possibility)几乎是没有限制的。 答案：B Passage 2(2019·宁夏高考仿真模拟) Do you ever feel like you are studying a mad rush of one subject after another? When things happen at such a__1__pace，it is easy to lose sight of what you are learning.It is important to__2__ every now and then to think about what you've been learning. Self reflection means stopping the mad rush and__3__ yourself so your brain can evaluate what it has already__4__．Some people prefer to do their self reflections__5__，while others keep a journal.Either method can work，depending on what your own personal__6__ is. School textbooks are often divided into units.This can make it__7__ for someone to begin the process of self reflection.Watch for the times when you complete a unit of study.Sometimes you are reminded that the unit is__8__ because there is some kind of test or quiz.Use these natural__9__ as opportunities to stop and reflect. You should find a__10__ place—anywhere without noise is OK.This can even be sitting at your desk at school when you finish something__11__ and the other students are still working.If you are going to take notes，take out your journal.Write down some notes on things that you__12__ learned in this unit.Let your mind think about the notes you have written and make some__13__． Sometimes just pausing to think deeply allows your brain to make connections__14__ new information can quickly appear when you__15__ it again.Next，think about things that you still wonder about.__16__ maybe you learned about a certain body system，but you don't__17__ how it works with the other body systems.Maybe you learned a new way to solve a math problem，but you're not sure when to use it.Writing