(英语)高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案含解析
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（英语）高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案含解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解The number of giraffes is becoming smaller across Africa, according to the Giraffe Conservation Foundation. The total population has dropped by 40 percent in the last 15 years. Surprisingly, even scientists haven't given much attention to giraffes. We are learning more about their ecology, but what we know is still way behind what we know about other species. "It's a silent extinction," said Dr. Julian Hennessy, a wildlife scientist."The main reason for the smaller number of giraffes is their loss of living places," said Hennessy, "as an increasing part of land is used for farming. But hunting also has a big influence." You might wonder why hunters would focus on giraffes. First of all, once a giraffe is brought down, there is lots of meat with a small amount of effort. Besides, there is another thing encouraging the hunting. In Tanzania, Hennessy says, the latest word on the street is that eating giraffe meat could cure AIDS. Fresh giraffe heads and bones can be sold at prices of up to $140 per piece.Another widespread misconception about giraffes is that they are everywhere. Look at kids' books which are full of giraffes. They are always in zoo collections. They can be seen easily, so you don't think we have to worry about them. But the truth is that they are in danger of extinction. There is a lack of right and true data.Hennessy and other researchers are now pulling together the data needed to improve the situation of the entire giraffe species and all nine subspecies (亚种). The information will be used to change the giraffe's listing on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, which now lists the species as of "least concern" but two subspecies as "endangered". "It's a lot of work to gather the necessary information," Hennessy says. "And several other giraffe subspecies will be recommended for endangered listings next year or the year after." He hopes that the world will finally start to take notice of how endangered these beloved animals have become.（1）By saying "It's a silent extinction", Hennessy tells us that ______.A. giraffes are unpopular in AfricaB. the giraffe is always silent in daily lifeC. the ecology of Africa needs more attentionD. the extinction occurs without enough attention（2）What has caused the high price of giraffe meat in Tanzania?A. The country's custom.B. The illegal international trade.C. The cost of hunting a giraffe.D. The idea that it's a cure for AIDS.（3）The misconception in Para. 3 can be corrected by ______.A. preventing illegal hunting in AfricaB. rewriting kids' books about giraffesC. providing reliable data about giraffesD. spreading scientific knowledge of AIDS（4）The final purpose of Hennessy's great effort is to ______.A. collect more information about giraffesB. raise public awareness of protecting giraffesC. prove giraffes will disappear in the next few yearsD. work with the International Union for Conservation of Nature【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了长颈鹿濒临灭绝的原因，并指出提供准确的数据，提高人们的保护意识至关重要。
（1）考查词义猜测。
根据第一段中的“Surprisingly, even scientists haven't given muc h attention to giraffes. We are learning more about their ecology, but what we know is still way behind what we know about other species.”可知人们对其关注很少，了解很少，这时期灭绝的原因，所以silent extinction 意为在人们不知不觉中灭绝。
故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“In Tanzania, Hennessy says, the lates t word on the street is that eating giraffe meat could cure AIDS. Fresh giraffe heads and bones can be sold at prices of up to $140 per piece.”可知人们认为长颈鹿肉能治愈艾滋病，因此其肉价很贵，故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“There is a lack of right and true data.”可知造成人们误解的原因是，缺乏正确真实的数据，再根据第四段中的“Hennessy and other researchers are now pulling together the data needed to improve the situation of the entire giraffe species and all nine subspecies (亚种).”可知要想根正人们的认知，需要提供准确可靠的数据，故选C。
（4）考查写作意图。
根据最后一段中的“He hopes that the world will finally start t o take notice of how endangered these beloved animals have become.”可知Hennessy的努力的目的是提高公众保护长颈鹿的意识。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和写作意图四个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解Plants are boring. They just sit there photosynthesizing (光合作用) while animals have all the fun. Right? Not so much. A new study has found that there is a long history of interactions between ants and plants. The ant and plant co-evolution (协同进化) started with ants feeding on plants and plants evolving ant-friendly features.Plants make a number of different structures that are specific for ant use. Some plants have evolved features that persuade ants into defending them from attack from other insects and even mаmmаlѕ. Тhеѕе іnсludе hollow thorns that аntѕ will live іnѕіdе, or ехtra nесtаr (琼浆) оn lеаvеѕ or stems for the ants to eat. Some ants will just cheat and take the nectar and run, but some will stick around and attack anything that tries to hurt the plant. Other plants get ants to help them move their seeds around, by providing them with rich food packets attached to the seeds. The ant will pick up the seed and carry it away, eat the food packet, and leave the seed - often in a nutrient-rich area where it'll grow better, and since it's farther away from its parent, they won't have to compete for resources.But scientists weren't sure how the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants gotstarted. If evolution is an arms race between species developing ways to make use of their neighbors, then scientists wanted to know whether plants or ants fired the first shot. It was a chicken-and-egg question, whether things started with ants developing behaviors to take advantage of plants, or plants evolving structures to take advantage of ants.The history of ants and plants evolving together goes back to the time of the dinosaurs, and it's not easy to tell from fossils who fired the first shot. However, it is a question of little significance. Scientists say their study maters because it provides a look at how these widespread and complex interactions evolved.（1）Some plants attach food packets to their seeds in order to .A.reward the antsB.make a fool of antsC.provide nutrition for the seedsD.get the seeds moved around（2）What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?A.How plants and ants interact.B.What ants do to protect plants.C.How plants and ants survive attacks.D.Why plants and ants need co-evolution.（3）Which is true about the evolutionary relationship between ants and plants?A.Ants depended more upon plants.B.It caused a race for better evolution.C.How it got started was uncertain.D.It was of little value for future studies.（4）What's the author's purpose of writing the passage?A.To introduce a science research method.B.To inform readers of a latest research findingC.To arouse readers' interest in science research.D.To criticize people's traditional views about plants.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究发现，蚂蚁和植物之间的互动有着悠久的历史。
