高一英语_必修1+必修2_语法复习_打印版_4页

高一英语语法复习

第一模块：被动态

必修2 Unit2（一般将来时被动态）

必修2 Unit3（现在完成时被动态）

必修2 Unit4（现在进行时被动态）

必修1 Unit3（现在进行时表将来）

所有时态的被动态都需注意：

1. 介词短语不能省略（eg. take care of→be taken care of: of不能省）

2. 一些特殊动词无被动态（eg. wash, sell, write, open, cut等及感官动词: sound, taste, smell,

feel, look等）

(一) 必修2-Unit2 一般将来时被动态

用法：发生在将来的事

标志词：tomorrow, next day/month/year等表将来的词

方法：do→be done (be不能换成am/is/are)

结构： will/shall do→will/shall be done （过去时：would/should be done）

am/is/are going to do→am/is/are going to be done (过去时：was/were going to be done)

am/is/are about to do→am/is/are about to be done (过去时：was/were about to be done)

am/is/are to do→am/is/are to be done (过去时：was/were to be done)

例子：A new hospital will be built next year.

(二) 必修2-Unit 3 现在完成时被动态

用法：动作从过去持续到现在，或已经结束但对现在有影响

标志词：since, already, yet, for+一段时间, so far, by now.(注意: 句子里出现具体的过去时间

，就不能用完成时!)

方法：done→been done

结构：has/have done→has/have been done (过去时：had been done)

例子：This problem has been discussed(讨论) for two weeks.

(三)Unit 4 现在进行时被动态

用法：现在正在进行的事

标志词：now

方法：doing→being done

结构：am/is/are doing→am/is/are+being done (过去时：was/were being done)

例子：A new hospital is being built now.

(四) 必修1 -Unit3 现在进行时表将来

结构：am/is/are+V-ing (was/were V-ing)

标志词：移动性V(come/go/leave/arrive,等)+短暂性V (get/start/begin,等）

→只有这两种动词可以用V-ing的形式表将来。

例子：I’m leaving tomorrow. / He is coming back this Sunday.

How are getting there?(你怎么去那里？)

第二模块：定语从句

必修1 Unit4 /Unit5 + 必修2 Unit1/Unit5

定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。

例：The girl who is singing there is my girlfriend. 那边唱歌的那个女孩是我女朋友。

先行词：the girl; 关系词：who; 定语从句：is singing there

(一) 关系代词who/whom/which/that/whose （必修1-Unit4）

★先行词是人时用：who/whom/that

主语→who/that (一般用who)

宾语→whom/that/who (一般用whom)

例子：The girl who is singing there is my girlfriend.

★ 先行词是物时用：which/that

例子：This is the factory which/that we visited last year.

注意1→只能用that不用which的情况：先行词前有下列词出现时只能用that

序数词(the first等) 特指(the only/the very) 先行词同时有人和物

“第一个最好的特指人物吗？不一定，有疑问。” 在who/which问句中

形容词最高级(the best等) 不定代词(something/nothing/anything/all等表不确定数量)

注意2→只能用which不用that：

1） 有介词时，介词+which (介词只能与which/whom连用)

2） 在非限定定语从句（有逗号的定语从句）

3） 先行词为that/those时：What’s that which is floating on the river?

★ 先行词为“某人的”“某物的”用：whose

例子：The girl whose coat is red called Mary.

We are using the book whose title is Top English as our exercise book.

(二) 关系副词 where/when/why （必修1-Unit5）

先行词为地点：where (=at/in/on等介词+which)

例：I will never forget the village where I spent my childhood.

先行词为时间：when (=at/in/on/during等介词+which)

例：I still remembered the time when I became a senior school student.

先行词为原因(reason)：why (=for which)

例：The reason why he was late is that he missed the first bus.

注意：有时先行词虽然表示地点或时间，但不用where/when而是which/that

例：I’ll never forget the village that we visited last year. →此处先行词the village(村庄)表示地点，因为后面的从句we visited(我们访问„)缺少宾语(访问的对象)，所以用that.

例：The reason which/that he made up was hard to accept.→从句he made up(他编造„)缺宾语。

此类题目解题诀窍：看从句有没缺少主语或宾语，有缺→用which/that，不缺→where/why.

(三)限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 （必修2-Unit1）

区别：1）有逗号→非限制性定从（一定不能用that）

无逗号→限制性定从

2）限制性定从→先行词只能为一个词

非限制性定从→先行词可为一个词或一个句子（先行词为一个句子时，用which/as,

句首时用as）

特别考点：1)非限制性定从（有逗号的）不用that； 2)只能用that； 3)只能用which;

4)where/when和which/that; 4)选关系代词时，一般要排除有it的选项。

第三模块：直接引语与间接引语

必修1-Unit1 + 必修1-Unit2

区别：直接引语指直接引用别人说的话，有引号“”

间接引语指用自己的话转述别人的话，没有引号。

考点：将直接引语改成间接引语

规则：(一) 人称要变：一随主，二随宾，三不变。

例：He said, “I’m sorry.” →He said that he was sorry. (I→he)

He asked me, “Dou you like me?” →He asked me if I like him. (you→I, me→him)

(二) 时态要变：变成“过去时”

例：He said, “I’m sorry.” →He said that he was sorry. (I am→he was)

注意：时态不需变化的4种情况：(1)主句谓V为现在时或将来时；（2）所说的内容为客观真理；（3）所说内容有情态V(must,need,should,had better,could等); (4) 有具体的时间点（例：at 7:30 pm.）

(三) 句子结构变化

1) 陈述句：+that(或省略)

例：He said, “I’m sorry.” →He said that he was sorry.

2) 一般疑问句：+if/whether(句子改成陈述语气)

结构：ask sb if/whether+„

例：He asked me, “Dou you like me?” →He asked me if/whether I liked him.

3) 特殊疑问句(wh-或how开头的问句)

结构：ask„+wh-/how+陈述语气的句子

例：The boy asked me, “What are you doing?” →The boy asked what I was doing.

4) 祈使句：do →to do (suggest例外: suggest doing sth/suggest that…should do)

结构：ask sb (not) to do sth. (ask也可按照句子意识换成：tell/advise/warn/beg等)

例：“Please speak English.” The teacher said to us →The teacher asked us to speak English.

“Be careful with strangers.” Mr. Black said to her. Mr. Black warned her to be carful with

strangers.

5) 感叹句（照抄或改成that引导）

例, “What a beautiful girl she is!” he said.→He said what a beautiful girl she was.

→He said that she was a beautiful girl.

(四) 其他变化

1） 指示代词：this→that, these→those

2） 时间状语：now→then, ago→before, yesterday→the day before, today→that day,