新建 并列句与状语从句

并列句和状语从句

(一)并 列 句

一、并列连词

①At school, some students are active while some are shy, yet

they can be good friends with one another.

②I was glad to meet Jenny again, but I didn't want to spend all

day with her.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)

③It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.。

④Yesterday, I forgot to pick my son up, so he waited in the

kindergarten for nearly two hours.(2014·苏州模拟)

⑤Would you like to leave or would you like to stay?

[规律总结]

1．表示并列、顺承关系的并列连词有and。

2．表示转折关系常用的并列连词有but, yet(然而),

whereas(然而，但是), while(然而)等。

3．表示因果关系的并列连词有for, so等。

4．表示选择关系常用的并列连词有or, either ... or ..., not ...

but, neither ... nor ...等。

二、祈使句＋and/or/otherwise句式

①Practise listening to English every day, and you will make

progress soon.

＝If you practise listening to English every day, you will make

progress soon. ②Hurry up or we will be late.

＝If you don't hurry up, we will be late.

快点儿，否则我们就迟到了。

③A few more efforts and you will succeed.

＝If you make a few more efforts, you will succeed.

[规律总结]

1．祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If ...，＋主句。

2．祈使句＋or＋陈述句＝If ... not ...，＋主句。

考点一 并列连词

1．(2013·北京高考)Don't turn off the computer before closing

all programs, ________ you could have problems.

A．or B．and

C．but D．so

考点二 祈使句＋and/or/otherwise ...

2．(2013·上海高考)________ at the photos, illustrations, title

and headings and you can guess what the reading is about.

A．To look B．Looking

C．Having looked D．Look

3．(2011·辽宁高考)Bring the flowers into a warm room

________ they'll soon open.

A．or B．and

C．but D．for (二)状 语 从 句

一、时间状语从句

1．when, while, as

①Nancy enjoyed herself so much when she visited her friends

in Sydney last year.

②I want the girls to experience that while they are young.

我希望那些女孩们趁着年轻的时候去体验一下那样的生活。

③As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer.

④When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came

across an old friend of mine.

[规律总结]

(1)when既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。

(2)从属连词while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。

(3)从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边„„，(一边„„)”或“随着„„”。

(4)如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when, while与as可互换使用。

2．when的特殊用法

①I was about to call Tom up when he came to my house. ②We were having a class in the classroom when a big

explosion came.

③He had just finished his homework when his mother asked

him to play the piano.

[规律总结]

when引导时间状语从句，意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。常见句型有：

 be about to do ... when ...be doing ... when ...be on the point of doing ... when ...had just done ... when ...

when还可表原因，意为“既然”。

3．表示“刚„„就„„，一„„就„„”的常用表达

①The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.

②The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.

③He had no sooner finished his speech than the students

started cheering.

＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students

started cheering.(2011·辽宁高考)

④I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to

go back home at once.

[规律总结]

(1)as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the

minute, the instant, no sooner ... than ..., hardly/scarcely ... when ...意思为“(一„„就„„) ”. 这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生， 常译为“一„„就„„”。

(2)no sooner ... than ...，hardly/scarcely ... when ...的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。

4．before与since

①You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason

before you reach any decision.(2013·湖南高考)

在做任何决定之前，你必须学会顾及自己的情感和理智。

②John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new

job.(2010·陕西高考)

③It was several years before I realized that David had lied to

me.(2014·山西四校模拟)

④As is reported, it is 100 years since Qinghua University was

founded.(2011·四川高考)

[规律总结]

(1)before表示“还未„„就„„；不到„„就„„；„„才„„；趁„„；还没来得及„„就„„，在„„之前”。

(2)It will be＋一段时间＋before ...“多久之后才„„”。

(3)It won't be long before ...“不久之后就„„”。

(4)It was＋一段时间＋before ...“过了多久才„„”。

(5)It is＋一段时间＋since ...“自从„„多久了”。 5．表示“每次；下一次„„”的常用表达

①Every/Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help

me out.

②Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.

③The last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.

[规律总结]

every time, each time, next time, the last time, any time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当„„；每次„„；下次„„”等。

6．till, until和not ... until

①Have you heard the meeting will be put off till/until next

Tuesday?

②I won't tell the student the answer to the math problem until

he has been working on it for more than an hour.

[规律总结]

(1)until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”，此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词，主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。

(2)not ... until表示“某动作直到某时间才开始”，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式。

二、地点状语从句

①A number of high buildings have arisen where there was

nothing a year ago but ruins. (2012·山东高考)

很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方拔地而起。