2023年新高考英语二轮拔高班阅读理解训练题
型说明文题组复习资料
阅读理解训练题型：说明文题组训练（五）
（2022·福建厦门·校联考模拟预测）Our planet is home to many radioactive substances-not just in is geologic innards but also in its hospitals, at its industrial sites and in its food processing plants. In Colorado, for instance, 27 buildings house scary-sounding chemical elements such as cesium 137 and cobalt 60. These materials are not there for risky purposes, though. They play a part in cancer treatment, blood irradiation, medical and food sterilization, structure and equipment testing, geologic exploration, etc.
The radioactive material is not always bad in a black and-white way: it can be a useful tool. The rays given off by cesium and cobalt can kill germs multiplying in your meat and make your apples last longer. Radiographic instruments can detect, say, cracks in a city’s pipes in a similar way to an x-ray picking up a hairline fracture in your knee. A practice called “well logging”uses sealed radioactive sources to map the geology of holes oil seekers drill into the earth. And of course, radiation is key to cancer treatment.
The risk arises because the same radioactive material that is beneficial
could also be stolen or misplaced and find its way into trafficking rings or dirty bombs. It might also barn workers if something accidentally goes wrong during a normal nine-to-five day. In 2017 alone, according to a report from the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, there were 171 “incidents of nuclear or other radioactive materials outside of regulatory control”based on open source reports, 104 of which happened in the U.S.
An initiative called RadSecure 100 was launched to remove and better secure energetic material in 100 U.S. cities. “Where is the most high-risk material located around the most people?”says Emily Adams, deputy director of a domestic program in the Office of Radiological Security. “And that’s how we got our 100.”
1．What message does the author seem to convey in paragraph 1? A．Radioactive substances can warm our planet.
B．Food processing does harm to workers in plants.
C．The radioactive material is basically everywhere.
D．It’s hard to remove scary-sounding elements in buildings. 2．Why does the author mention “well logging”in paragraph 2? A．To make a summary. B．To raise a question.
C．To provide a contrast. D．To support an idea.
3．What is RadSecure 100 intended for?
A．Making use of energetic substances. B．Ensuring safety of the
radioactive material.
C．Warning people of the most high-risk material D．Protecting the Office of Radiological Security.
4．What is the writer’s attitude towards the radioactive material? A．Pessimistic. B．Objective. C．Disapproval. D．Carefree.
（2022·重庆·校联考二模）A new study has found that water in the air, not just heat, is important in measuring global warming. The researchers say, when considering humidity and heat, the temperature increase is two times greater than earlier estimates.
The researchers also note, temperature by itself is not the best way to measure the effects of climate change and using temperature underestimates conditions in the tropical areas of the world.
The study was published on January 31 in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The researchers team show that the energy created in extreme weather, such as storms, is related to the amount of water in the air. For this reason, they decided to use a special atmospheric measurement to show the amount of heat in an area of air. It is expressed in a scientific measurement for temperature known as degrees Kelvin.
Ramanathan is one of the writers of the study. He is a climate scientist at
