2017新课标高考英语阅读理解细节理解主旨大意(归纳法)解题附带标准答案

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高三英语阅读理解---主旨大意(查找、归纳法)解题

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高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解部分考纲要求:

阅读部分要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能:(1)理解主旨要义;(2)理解文中具体信息;(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;(4)做出判断和推理;(5)理解文章的基本结构;(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

高考英语阅读理解常见的设题形式有:细节理解题、推理判断题、词意猜测题、主旨大意题。阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题Facts(文章中客观存在的事实,客观题的

答案一般都可以在原文中找到,即文中的具体事实或者抽象概念。)和主观理解题(Opinions)(这类问题不可能直接从原文中找到答案,需要通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深的理解,并据此进行判断和推理。)

今天主要处理的是主旨大意(归纳法)解题。

阅读策略:主旨大意(查找、归纳法)解题

一篇文章一般表达一个中心或主题。这个中心或主题通常用一个句子来概括,此句叫主题句,这类题主要考查读者把握全文内容或理解中心思想的能力,也包括分析归纳文章段落大意、重要情节、人物特征、写作特点的能力。一般说来说明文和议论文都有主题句,而且多位于文章的开头,有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。但有时不能直接在文章中直接找到主题句,在弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容,具有高度的综合性和概括性,文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步的解释、说明、论证或拓展。

常见的主旨大意题的考查形式:

The text is mainlyabout____.

The main idea/Thegeneralidea/The mainpurpose is ______.

Whatwould bethe best title/headline for the text?

This articlemainly tells aboutthestory of ____.

Whatis the topic ofthe text?

The subject discussedin thistextis____.

Whatdoes the second paragraph discuss?

The paragraph (passage) deals with _____.

Whatis mainlydiscussed in thetext?

主旨大意范例

1.Today the problem of environment hasbecome moreand more serious.

The world population is rising, soquicklythat theworld has become toocrowded.

We areusing up ournatural resources too quickly and at the same time

we are polluting our environment withdangerouschemicals.

Themain idea of the paragraph is________.

2.When you arepoor,you canalso sayyouarevery happy, becauseyou have somethingelsethatcan' tbe bought with money. When youmeet withdifficulties,you can say loudly you are very happy, because you havemore chancestochallenge yourself. So youshouldalwayssay you are happy.

The topic sentence of the paragraph is________________

3.Somepeople likereading,and some peoplelikeswimming.I have many hobbies, such as reading, skating,and traveling.In fact,differ ent people havedifferent hobbies. My friend Annstudies very hard.So herhobbyis readingallkinds ofbooks. Tony lovesworking with her hands,and hishobby is gardening.

The main idea of the paragraph is ________.

4.Going greenseemstobe fad(时尚)for a lotofpeople thesedays. Whetherthat isgoodor bad,we can’t reallysay,but forthe t ow of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.

On April22, 2011, wedecided to go greeneverysingle day for an entire year.Thismeant doing365differentgreen things, and it alsomeant challenging ourselves to gogreen beyond easy things.Rather than recycleand reduce our energy,we had tothink of365 diffe rent green thingsto do and this was no easy task.

What mightbe the best title for thepassage?

A.Going Green.ﻩ

B.Protecting the Planet.

C.Keeping Open-Minded D.Celebrating Our GreenYear.

5. 自己需要归纳总结类的主旨类阅读理解

Everyone’s at it,even myneighbors. IthoughtI might be the onl yperson left inthe world who hadn’t done an eBaydeal. So, I decid edto trymy hand at online auction(网上拍卖).

Buying for beginners: Sign up on www.ehay. co.uk. Most items(e.g.tables, computers, and books) ready forauctionwillcome with a pictureand a shortdescription; othersmaybe marked with “Buy ItNow” and have a fixedprice.You can buythese right