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杨立民《现代大学英语精读(5)》(第2版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-Uni

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Unit 4一、词汇短语phantom [ˈfæntəm] n. 幽灵，鬼怪【例句】The castle is said to be haunted by a phantom. 据说那座城堡时常闹鬼。

【词组】the legend of the phantom ship 鬼船的传说【助记】phan显现，tom征兆—有显现的征兆—幻觉constitute [ˈkɒnstɪtjuːt] vt.组成，构成；建立；任命【例句】The committee was constituted in 1974 by an Act of Parliament. 该委员会是根据议会法案于1974年设立的。

wiles [waɪlz] n. 诡计，花招，花言巧语v. 引诱（wile 的第三人称单数）【例句】He was seduced by the wiles of a woman.他受了一个女人花言巧语的诱惑。

conciliate [kənˈsɪlieɪt] vt. 赢得；抚慰；安慰；劝慰；劝诱【例句】He would never stoop to conciliate. 他决不屈就和解。

【助记】concil=ouncil协商—协商解决问题—调节halo [ˈheɪləʊ] n. 光环，光轮；（日、月等的）晕【例句】A wide halo of pearly light can be seen around the dark moon.可以看到一大片珍珠似的光晕围绕着暗弱的月球。

fictitious [fɪkˈtɪʃəs] adj. 非真实的，虚构的，杜撰的【例句】His account of the bank robbery was completely fictitious. 他叙述的抢劫银行事件完全是虚假的。

lethargic [ləˈθɑːdʒɪk] adj. 呆滞的；昏睡的【例句】The cat became lethargic and had trouble breathing. 这只猫整天昏睡而且呼吸困难。

【派生】lethargically adv. 昏睡地；迟钝地lethargy n.昏睡；死气沉沉；嗜眠（症）【助记】let让，har=hard，gic：让你辛苦的劳动—昏睡的trance [trɑːns] n. 昏睡状态，催眠状态；出神，发呆【例句】She put her son into a trance. 她使她的儿子进入昏睡状态。

cranny [ˈkræni] n. 裂隙，裂缝【例句】Boxes are stacked in every nook and cranny at the factory. 箱子叠放在工厂的每个角落。

submerge [səbˈmɜːdʒ] vi. 潜入水中vt.浸没；淹没【例句】I’m absolutely submerged in work. 我工作多得不得了。

【词组】submerge in使浸入在【助记】sub（在下面）＋merge（吞没）→被吞没下去→沉没，淹没【派生】submergence n. 下潜，下沉；淹没slumber [ˈslʌmbə(r)] n.睡眠；麻木状态；静止状态vi.睡眠；蛰伏；麻木vt. 睡眠；睡着度过【例句】He had fallen into exhausted slumber. 他已经进入了沉睡。

figure [ˈfɪɡə(r)] n. 数字；人物；图形；价格；（人的）体形；画像vi. 计算；出现；扮演角色vt.计算；认为；描绘；象征【例句】A cube is a solid figure. 立方体是一种立体图形。

impede [ɪmˈpiːd] v. 妨碍，阻碍【例句】The development of the project was seriously impeded by a reduction in funds.基金削减导致工程进度严重受阻。

【派生】impediment n.妨碍人（物）；身体的某种缺陷hitherto [ˌhɪðəˈtuː] adv. 到目前为止；迄今【例句】This is a fact hitherto unknown.这是一个至今无人知道的事实。

二、课文精解1. Virginia Woolf弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫（Virginia Woolf），1882年1月25日出生于伦敦，英国女作家、批评家和文学理论家。

二十世纪现代主义与女性主义的代表人物，同时也是伦敦文学界的核心人物。

其主要作品有《达洛维夫人》(Mrs. Dalloway)、《到灯塔去》(To the Lighthouse)、《远航》(The Voyage Out)等。

她与詹姆斯·乔伊斯(James Joyce)和普鲁斯特(Proust)共同推动意识流小说在世界范围的传播，同时也对世界范围内的文学写作手法产生了重要的影响，推动了现代文学的发展。

2. Stream of Consciousness意识流小说于20世纪20年代在西方兴起，它主要展现人们的意识流动，以展现恍惚迷离的心灵世界。

其主要创作方法包括象征暗示、内心独白和自由联想，艺术特征强调“作家推出小说”，强调象征暗示与对比的联想。

意识流小说的主要代表人物有英国的弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫(Virginia Woolf)，法国的普鲁斯特(Proust)等。

3. My profession is literature; and in that profession there are fewer experiences for women than in any other, with the exception of the stage—fewer, I mean, that are peculiar to women.因为我的职业是文学；在这一行里，妇女工作的经历与其他行业相比要少。

唯一的例外是舞台演出——我这里所说的要少，指的是特别针对妇女的工作。

（1）with the exception of的意思是“除……以外”，相当于except for。

（2）be peculiar of意思为“对……是所特有的”。

与形近词组辨析be particular about的意思为“对……挑剔”。

4. Many famous women, and many more unknown and forgotten, have been before me, making the path smooth, and regulating my steps.很多著名的妇女，以及更多的不为人所知或已被人遗忘的妇女，在我之前就已经一直在努力铺平这条道路并指导我如何一步步向前走。

（1）make the path smooth的意思是“铺平这条路”，相当于pave the way for。

（2）regulate my step意思为“指导向前走”，相当于同义词组guide me as I move forward。

5. Writing was a reputable and harmless occupation.写作是一种名声很好受人尊敬并且，不会造成任何危害的职业。

（1）reputable的意思是“声誉好的；受尊敬的”。

名词形式为reputation，名声。

（2）occupation意思为“工作”，相当于job，都是可数名词。

6. Then it occurred to her to do what is simple and cheap enough after all---to slip a few of those pages into an envelope, fix a penny stamp in the corner, and drop the envelope into the red box at the corner.突然她想到，该去做一件简单而且便宜不过的事情——把写的东西抽出几页，塞进一个信封，在角上贴上一张价值为一便士的邮票，然后把这信封投到路角的红色信箱里。

（1）it occurred to somebody的意思是“某人突然想到”，相当于somebody suddenly thought of，例：It occurred to me that I had left my umbrella in the cinema.我突然想起雨伞忘在了电影院。

同义词组还有：something occured to somebody。

（2）slip意思为“滑落，脱离位置”，此处表示抽出几页放入信封。

形容词形式为slippy，光滑的，敏捷的。

7. No demand was made upon the family purse.不需要动用家里的钱财。

此处purse一词运用了借喻的写作手法。

借喻，即将一个物体用与之有关联的事物进行指代。

在本句话中，作者使用purse来指代金钱，或者财政情况。

类似的句子还有：He chose a gun instead of a cap and gown.他选择了当兵，而不是求学深造。

这句话中就用了gun借喻士兵，a cap and gown借喻求学深造。

8. And while I was writing this review, I discovered that if I were going to review books I should need to do battle with a certain phantom. 当我在写这篇书评的时候，我发现，如果我要写书评，我得要想象出一个和我争论的对象。

（1）if I were...I should使用了虚拟语气，用来表示假想，并非客观事实，此时条件状语从句的主句需要使用“主语＋would/should/could/might＋动词原形”的句子结构。

如：If you came tomorrow, we would have a meeting. 要是你明天来的话，我们就开会，事实你明天是否会来不确定，故用虚拟语气。

（2）battle with意思为“与某人战斗”。

battle的词组还有lose a battle，战败。

battle for，为……而战斗。

9. It was she who bothered me and wasted my time and so tormented me that at last I killed her. 就是她会不停打岔，浪费我的时间，最后，我实在被折腾得忍受不了了，就把她给杀了。

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杨立民《现代大学英语精读(4)》(第2版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-Uni

杨立民《现代大学英语精读(4)》(第2版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-Uni

Unit 7一、练习答案I. Cloze (20 points)1—5: CDBBD6—10: CCBAD11—15: BCAAD16—20: BCADDII. Grammar & Vocabulary (30 points) 21—25: CCDCD26—30: DCBAD31—35: ADCAC36—40: BCBAB41—45: DACAD46—50: BCDABIII. Reading Comprehension (20 points) 51—55: ADBBC56—60: ABDCC61—65: DBACD66—70: ADCBDIV.Writing (30 points)Section A: CompositionShould Citizens Be Granted Full Right to Whatever Name They Choose?I think citizens should be granted full right to whatever name they choose as long as the name meets the requirement of the law. But naming with a Chinese characters plus an English letter, as the father of the graduate student did, is not a good idea. It is not very appropriate and normal.Normally, our names consist of three Chinese characters, which is quite different from the names in other countries. The first one is the family name. The second one is the generation name and the last one is the given name. This is the general rule for a Chinese name. In fact, nowadays, a lot of people omit the generation name. However, this is acceptable. The student had trouble in transferring her hukou because of her name. This trouble is caused by not following the rules of writing personal names.What’s more, our Chinese characters are unique without numbers that can not be the same with other languages. But the English letters are different from Chinese characters. If we use the letters, the pronunciation is a big problem, because those letters can also be found in other languages with differentpronunciations. There is no standard how they should be pronounced.Personal names are also a kind of traditional culture in China, which consist of the information of your family and the hopes of our parents. In order to protect our culture and respect the tradition, we should stick to our nation’s standard form of personal names.Section B: Note-WritingUnit 8一、词汇短语Text Arigorous [] adj. 严格的，严厉的；严酷的，严峻的【例句】He makes a rigorous study of the plant in the area. 他对该地的植物进行了慎密的研究。

杨立民《现代大学英语精读(2)》学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-Unit 13~

杨立民《现代大学英语精读(2)》学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-Unit 13~

Unit 13一、词汇短语Text Aminister [] n. 部长，大臣；牧师v.（to）帮助；服侍【例句】He is the Minister of Education. 他是教育部长。

【助记】mini（小）+ster→大臣见到皇上时，自称小人【派生】ministerial adj. 部长的；内阁的；公使的；牧师的pray [] v. 请求，恳求；乞求；[宗] 祈祷；请【例句】Pray be careful. 求您小心一点【词组】pray for为…祈祷pray sb to do sth 恳求…做某事【助记】p（联想：趴）+ray（光线）→趴在上帝的光辉下→祈祷hitchhike [] v. 搭便车旅行【例句】He hitchhiked his way to New York. 他一路搭乘便车到了纽约。

comet [] n. 彗星【例句】If I had binoculars, I could see that comet clearly. 如果我有望远镜，我就可以清楚地看见那颗彗星。

【助记】co(m)(共同)+met(meet的过去式)→以前共同遇到过的彗星expedition [] n. 远征，考察；远征队，探险【例句】The scientists are on a(n) expedition into the Brazilian jungle. 科学家到巴西的丛林去考察。

【助记】ex（出）+pod（脚）+ition→出行，远征ribbon [] n. 缎带；带状物v. 撕成碎条【例句】①Her hair was tied up with a ribbon. 她的头发用一条丝带扎着。

②The flag was ribboned by the wind. 旗子被风吹成条条碎片。

stimulus [] n. 刺激（物），激励（物）；引起兴奋的事物【例句】Ambition is a great stimulus. 野心是一种巨大的刺激因素。

杨立民《现代大学英语精读(2)》学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-Unit 7~U

杨立民《现代大学英语精读(2)》学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-Unit 7~U

Unit 7一、练习答案I. SpellingII. Word-formationIII. ClozeIV. TranslationChinese → English1) When he was a child, he was exposed to great works of literature, for both hisparents were well-read in classics.2) The military announced that they had succeeded in developing a new stealthfighter.3) They’re working hard to come up with practical ways to reduce productioncosts for this township factory.4) Most people think that all things considered, life is much better today than itwas 30 years ago.5) Success doesn’t only depend on what you do. What you don’t do is equallyimportant.6) How do you account for the company’s high staff turnover?7) Most of the buildings in the town were reduced to rubble in the earthquake.8) How can I concentrate on my work with my roommates talking and laughing?9) We admire the way he answered awkward questions at the press conferencewith wit and facts.10) The moment he entered the conference room, he had a feeling thatsomething had gone wrong.English → Chinese1) 那时我还是个小姑娘，脑子里充满童话般的梦想，什么彩虹呀，一碰就会带来幸福的神奇的银雨点呀。

杨立民《现代大学英语精读(1)》(第2版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-Uni

杨立民《现代大学英语精读(1)》(第2版)学习指南【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】-Uni

Unit 1一、词汇短语Text Aclutch [] v. 抓住，攫住n. 离合器【例句】Careless use of the clutch may damage the gears. 离合器使用不慎可能损坏传动装置。

【词组】clutch at 抓住palm [] n. 手掌，掌状物；棕榈树；胜利v. 将…置于掌中；欺骗【例句】①Growing along the river are tall palm trees. 沿着这条河生长的是高大的棕树。

②He palmed off the fake Swiss watches on the shop keeper. 他把假瑞士表骗卖给那家店主。

【词组】grease sb.’s palm贿赂某人；打点have sb. in the palm of one’s hand完全掌握某人；完全控制某人grease/oil sb.’s palm with买通；向…行贿curiosity [] n. 好奇（心）；求知欲（想知道或学习的欲望）；古玩，珍品【例句】He is full of curiosity. 他充满了好奇心。

【助记】cur（关心）＋iosity→“家事，国事，天下事，事事关心”→好奇心sort [] n. 种类；类别v. 整合，整理【例句】I’ll leave you to sort this problem out. 我把这个问题交给你来处理。

【词组】sort of有点sort out 挑选出out of sorts身体不适；脾气坏的；恼怒的【派生】sorted adj.分类的；分选的；挑选的rank [] n. 军衔；社会阶层；排列，横列v. 排列；分等级，把…分类【例句】This town ranks high among beauty spots. 这城市在风景区中享有盛名。

【词组】in the ranks 当兵，当战士in rank 成行列；成队列first rank 一流的rank among 跻身于…；属于…之列rank with 与…并列keep rank 保持队形in the front rank 著名；在前列【派生】ranking n.等级；地位overlook [] v. 漏看，忽略；俯瞰，眺望；宽容，放任n. 忽视；眺望【例句】They overlooked the enormous risks involved. 他们忽略了其中涉及的极大危险。