人教初一上册英语语法讲解及练习名补教案 on和in等方位介词和短语-精选文档

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初一上册英语补习班名补教案

目标提高班名师培优精讲

【教学标题】on和in等常用方位介词和短语

【教学重点】

1、掌握方位介词的含义并熟记;

2、介词on和in的区别点。

【教学难点】

1、under和below的区别;

2、between和among的区别;

3、拓展方位词语的应用。

【进门得分】

Ⅰ.把下列词组翻译成英语。

1.在沙发上_____________

2.在桌子底下____________

3.在你的背包里____________

4.在抽屉里___________

5.在教室(外部)前面__________

【教学内容】

1. on

介词on表示“在某物之上”的意思,它通常表示一个物体在另一个物体之表面上面。两者之间有接触。

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例如:Your book is on the desk.你的书在课桌上面。

There is a ball on the floor.地板上有个球。

拓展:above和over的区别

on指的有接触面的上面,但是over和above都是没有接触面的上面。

over“在……正上方”,与under相对。

例如:There is a bridge over the river.河上有一座桥。

The picture is hanging over the blackboard.那张图挂在黑板的正上方。

above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”,不一定是正上方,与below相对。

例如:A plane flew above our heads.一架飞机从我们头上飞过。

The Turners live above us.特纳一家人住在我们的上面。

2. in

介词in表示“在某物的里面”,它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的内部、中间或者在某个范围之内。

例如:Your pen is in the pencil case.你的钢笔在铅笔盒里面。

She is the tallest in her class.她是她们班最高的。

3. under

介词under表示“在某物的下面”,它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的垂直正下面,两者之间没有接触。

例如:My bike is under the tree.我的自行车在树的下面。

The shoes are under the chair.鞋在椅子的下面。

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拓展:under和below的区别

under表示“在……之下”,通常表示位置处于正下方,与介词over“在……上第2页

方”相对应。

例如:There is a book under the table.桌子下面有一本书。

A cat is sitting under the table.一只猫在桌子下面。

below表示“在……之下”,“在……的下游”,与介词above相对应,常指在某物体之下,但不一定在该物的正下方。

例如:He is below the average at school.他的学习成绩在水准以下。

He looked down at the hall below.

他瞧了瞧下面的大厅。

4. behind

介词behind表示“在某物的后面”,它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的后面。

例如:Your brother is behind the tree.你的弟弟在树的后面。

She is standing behind her mother.她站在她妈妈的后面。

5. next to

next to是由形容词next和介词to构成的介词短语表示“紧挨着、在某物的旁边”的意思。

例如:The table is next to the wall.桌子紧挨着墙。

6. between

介词between表示某个物体、某人位于两者之间,通常表示一个人、物处于另外两个人、物之间。

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例如:Your desk is between the door and the window.你的课桌位于门和窗户之间。

Lily sits between Mary and Ann.丽丽坐在玛丽和安中间。

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拓展:between和among的区别

between指两者之间, among指三者或三者以上的人或物之间。

例如:The teacher is among the students.老师在学生们中间。

7. outside

outside指“在……外面”

例如:There are many people outside the room.房间外有很多人。

What did you see outside the hall?你在大厅外看见了什么?8.near

near在……附近,与far相对

例如:A hospital was built near the railway station.在火车站附近建了一所医院。

My home is near the school.我的家离学校很近。

9.in front of,in the front of

in front of在……前面,in the front of表示“在……前部”,指里面。

例如:A river flows in front of the house.房子前有一条河。

There is a boy in the front of the car.车的前座坐着一个小男孩。

10. around

around在……周围,围绕

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例如:There are many trees around the village.村子周围有很多树围绕。

There are flowers around the stage.舞台周围摆着鲜花。

11. at

“at”意为“在……”,可以用在地点前也可以用在时间前。

例如:Let’s meet at the school gate.我们在学校门口见面吧。

I get up at seven o’clock.我七点起床。

【过手练习】

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Ⅱ.单项选则。

1. Your computer is ______ to the door.

A. behindB. onC. inD. next

2 The map is ____ the wall ____ our classroom.

A. on; onB. of; onC. on; atD. on; of

3 Look! The window is _____ the wall and the picture is _____ the wall.

A. on; onB. in; inC. in; onD. on; in

4-Where is my ball? I can’t see it. Look! It’s _____ the door.

A. onB. inC. atD. behind

5. Sally is very happy. There is a big smile ______ her face.

A. onB. toC. inD. at

6. My father is ill (生病), He is ______.

A. in bedB. in the bedC. on bedD. on the bed

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7. There is a map of China ______ the wall in the classroom.

A. inB. onC. underD. at

8. There are three windows ______ the wall.

A.inB. onC. atD. to

9. There are many oranges ______ the tree. A bird ______ the tree is eating an

orange.

A. in; onB. on; onC. in; inD. on; in

10.-What time do you usually go to bed?

-I usually go to bed ______ 11:00.

A. inB. onC. atD. for

11. We can see ______ old bike ______ the tree.

A. a; underB. the; atC. an; inD. an; under

12. My hats and coats are ______.

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A. on the bedB. under deskC. in roomD. under the my bed

13.He put up a map ______ the back wall because there was a hole ______ it.

A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at

14.Don“t read ____ the sun.

A. atB. underC. withD. in

15. The boat is passing___ the bridge.

A. throughB. belowC. underD. across

【真题链接】

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1.—My green ring is in the room. What about yours?

—_________.

A. It’s redB. It’s on the tableC. It’s Alice’s

2.Thereare30classrooms____________ourschool.Mineis_____________thesecondfloor.

A. on; inB. in; inC. in; onD. on; on

3. I have a friend and my friend is ________ China.

A. inB. atC. onD. under

【拓展训练】

III.用合适的介词填空。

1. A boy is ____ the tree.

2. Can you pick(摘) the apples _____ the tree?

3. There is a picture _____ the wall.

4. There are two windows _____ the wall.

5. I live _____ Shanghai.

【课后作业】

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Ⅳ.阅读短文回答问题。

Tom’s room

It’s small but nice. A computer and some CDs are on the desk. His backpackis on

the wall. The ID card is on his bed. The shoes are under the bed. A baseball ison the

floor.