2011届高考英语二轮专题复习学案：专题二 完形填空之说明文

2011届高考英语写作指导写作技巧1.首先要认真审题。

读懂题目所给信息，初步确定要点内容，并可用序号标出以免遗忘。

2.列题纲使要点条理化，有序化，统筹安排布局。

3.勿要直译，需意译。

尤其对看图情景作文要构建完整故事结构，不可逐句罗列了事。

4.要刻意把好语言关。

要用自己最熟悉的句型结构和词语，力求文理通顺，语言准确。

没有把握的词句不要写，确有把握的的可以锦上添花。

5.遇到一时想不起的词语，需变通。

可以用同义近义词代替，也可以用否定词加反义词来表达，亦可变换句式。

不可钻牛角尖，更不能生造词语，汉化表达。

6.注意文章的长度。

看具体内容而定，如果内容多应多用复杂句式，如果内容不多，为了达到词的限数应多用简单句式，并适当增补合理内容。

7.注意保持卷面整洁，书写工整清楚。

书写的好坏会直接影响阅卷老师的情绪。

8.最后应注意复查全文。

看内容要点有无遗漏，标点、格式、大小写是否规X，是否有语病等。

总之，要心有全局。

英文写作如果结构意识良好，应试写作就简化成为一个填空的过程了，适当地填入观点、素材，文章就自然而然立起来了。

临考在即，同学们要牢记英语写作的基本要领，特编顺口溜如下：细审题，巧构思，列要点，防遗漏。

写日记，同汉语；书信、通知格式要牢记。

看清图表细梳理，写人记事按顺序；完稿后查遗漏，整洁干净莫忘记。

英语作文写作的步骤由于时间限制，高考时一般在30分钟内必须完成英语作文。

高考的英语作文步骤如下：1. 作文动笔之前一般都要先打腹稿。

在确立中心上、运用材料上、篇章结构上，充分酝酿。

2. 考虑好想写多少句子，该用哪些动词和词组等。

3. 边写边思考内容的连贯性，语言和句子的准确性。

4. 写完后一定要再细看一遍。

如何冲刺英语写作1.重视增加阅读量是提高英语写作的途径之一目前，考生在进行大量阅读的同时，应注重所读材料的文章结构以及连接词的运用〔ontheotherhand,however,furthermore〕、作者的表达方式〔词汇、习惯用语和典型句子的使用〕、作者是如何进行表达和议论的。

2022届高考英语二轮专题复习学案：专题二完形填空之说明文（2）（新课标）二、说明文【体裁诠释】说明文一般用简练的语言，按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及规律。

说明文十分讲究条理性，一般采用时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序。

1 说明文一般分为三类：①事物的说明；②事理的说明; ③文艺性的说明。

2 说明文通常具有下列特点：1多用现在时态。

因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释，而这种客观介绍与解释一般是不随时间变化而变化的。

2采用客观描述。

说明文一般是对客观存在的说明与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。

3遣词用字简练、平实、确切。

说明文的主要目的是帮助读者认清事物，明白事理，故其语言通常较为浅显、通俗，比较易于读者理解。

其内容也很客观真实，它的用词总是贴近事物的本来面目，不会使用华丽的词藻和夸张的写作手法，一般也不加描述和议论。

3 做好说明文完形填空，最主要的是抓住文章说明的中心，这要求考生做好三方面：（1）注意文章的说明顺序，常见的说明顺序有时间、空间、逻辑（指先因后果或先果后因，先主后次的顺序）和认识顺序（指由此及彼，由浅入深，由局部到整体，由现象到本质，由具体到抽象的顺序）。

把握了说明的顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，抓住文章中心。

（2）注意段落之间的逻辑关系，说明文的首段往往是文章的主题段，每段的首句也是主题句，一定把握好主题段和主题句，这是做好这类完形填空题的前提。

（3）注意文章结尾，文章结尾的段落往往对说明的问题进行总的概括，有时就是文章的点睛之处。

【典例探究】（2022·安徽卷）Mot fortab in our hand and be 40 to ue The thicne of the fort Having a ma hand and thic finger, ou ma be comfortabe with a thin 43 afort A mand 54 net to mend C mend推荐，建议；40 ”45 a51 amon B．ad C．mon D．dai47．A．dream B．fortune C．advantage D．uc48．A．38 inmon a ide effect of de47 a51 infortabe C cam D atified38 A ive B ret C eee C e out C ta out D mae out53 A remember B increae C ee37 in48 ae after graduation31 A now B recognie C reaie D ie32 A undertand B earn C tr D te33 A teacher B da C ca D reaiation34 A hament: “I am convinced （48） ot of water on Mar．” An urface water wi be in the （49） of ice．But it coud ave e3 ae If the are ate, the food wi not be o 5 , and the hote wi be 6 7 the guet cannot come on time, he houd ca hi hot or hote on the e 9 the ituation, guet ometime bring a bo ofcand, a botte of wine or a bunch of fower to give to the hote a a 10of a11 in10 in15 in18 aingC difficutieD diadvantage12 A e 可知，如果客人晚到，食物就不会那么可口了，故选C。

2015年高三二轮复习讲练测之练案【全国通用版英语】第七部分 完形填空之夹叙夹议文1.练高考【2014·安徽卷】If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a __1__ reason, such as your job or your studies? __2__ perhaps you're interested in the __3__，films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a __4__ of the language. Most people learn best using a variety of __5__， but traditional classes are an ideal (理想的) start for many people. They __6__ an environment where you can practice under the __7__ of someone who's good at the language. We all lead __8__ lives and learning a language takes __9__. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a __10__. It doesn't matter if you haven't got long.Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes __11__.Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I'm too __12__，” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __13__ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any __14__. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I've also heard people __15__ about the mistakes they make when __16__. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __17__ you're much less likely to make them again. Learning a new language is never __18__. But with some work and devotion, you'll make progress. And you'll be __19__ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in __20__ own language. Good luck!【小题1】A. technical B ．political C ．practical D ．physical【小题2】A. After B ．So C ．Though D ．Or【小题3】A. literature B ．transport C ．agriculture D ．medicine【小题4】A. view B ．knowledge C ．form D ．database【小题5】A. paintings B ．regulations C ．methods D ．computers【小题6】A. protectB ．changeC ．respectD ．provide 【小题7】A. control B ．command C ．guidance D ．pressure【小题8】A. busyB ．happyC ．simpleD ．normal 【小题9】A. courageB ．timeC ．energyD ．place 【小题10】A. theory B ．business C ．routine D ．project【小题11】A. some risks B ．a lot less C ．some notesD ．a lot more 【小题12】A. old B ．nervous C ．weak D ．tired【小题13】A. closely B．quickly C．privately D．quietly【小题14】A. age B．speed C．distance D．school【小题15】A. worry B．hesitate C．think D．quarrel【小题16】A. singing B．working C．bargaining D．learning 【小题17】A. if B．and C．but D．before【小题18】A. tiresome B．hard C．interesting D．easy【小题19】A. blamed B．amazed C．interrupted D．informed 【小题20】A. their B．his C．our D．your【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】D【小题3】A【小题4】B【小题5】C【小题6】D【小题7】C【小题8】A【小题9】B【小题10】C【小题11】B【小题12】A【小题13】B【小题14】A【小题15】A【小题16】D【小题17】B【小题18】D【小题19】B【小题20】A【解析】文章大意：本文是说明文。

【高考】英语二轮复习第二部分题型突破专题14完形填空说明文和议论文对点特训---炳辉书店---说明文和议论文AFor a long time I saw happiness as a huge banner(横幅) across the finish line of a long race. I felt that only when I __1__ certain things could I finally be happy in my life. Most of the time I felt like a tortoise believing that being slow and __2__ would win the race. At other times I would __3__ like a rabbit trying different side roads at a dangerous __4__ hoping to reach that banner a little faster. __5__，I began to see that no matter how long I raced towards it, the banner was never any __6__. I finally decided one day to __7__ and take a break.It was then that I saw my __8__ sitting beside me.It had been with me as I __9__ hard to support my family, as I played with my children and heard their __10__ and even when I was __11__ with my wife at my side looking after me. It had been with me as I raced towards that stupid banner. I just didn't have the __12__ to see it.The re is an old Chinese proverb that says, “Tension is what you think you should be. __13__ is who you are.” Perhaps we all should stop our race towards the __14__ life we think we should have and __15__ the life we have now. Happiness will never be found under some banner far away. It will be found __16__ your own heart, soul and mind. It will be found when you __17__ that others love you just as you do.Don't be a tortoise or a rabbit when it comes to your happiness. Be a playful puppy and carry your stick of __18__ with you everywhere you go. __19__ yourself out of the race and realize that when it comes to love and happiness you are __20__ there.体裁：议论文题材：生活哲理主题：幸福就在身边语篇导读：当我们满怀期待、行色匆匆地去追逐幸福时，幸福其实就在我们身边，只是毫不起眼罢了。

专题强化练(十三) 完形填空之说明文、议论文ANumber sense is not the ability to count.It is the ability to recognize a__12__，experiments show that many animals are，too.For example，many birds have good number sense.If a nest has four eggs and you remove one，the bird will not__3__．However，if you remove two，the bird__4__leaves.This means that the bird knows the__5__between two and three.Another interesting experiment showed a bird's__6__ number sense.A man was trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦)that had a nest in a tower，but the crow always left when she saw him coming.The bird did not__7__until the man left the tower. The man had an__8__．He took another man with him to the tower.One man left and the other stayed，but they did not__9__the bird.The crow stayed away until the second man left，too.The experiment was __10__with three men and then with four men.But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were__11__．It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were__12__able to fool the crow.How good is a human's number sense? It's not very good.For example，babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a__13__group.But when the number goes beyond three or four，the children are__14__fooled.It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world，and that our human__15__is not much better than a crow's.1．B．patternC．change D．trend2．A.Importantly B．SurprisinglyC．Disappointedly D．Fortunately3．A.survive B．careC．hatch D．notice4．A.generally B．sincerelyC．casually D．deliberately5．A.distance B．rangeC．difference D．interval6．A.amazing B．annoyingC．satisfying D．disturbing7．B．recoverC．react D．return8．A.appointment B．excuseC．idea D．explanation9．A.fool B．hurtC．catch D．kill10．A.reported B．repeatedC．designed D．approved11．A.confused B．goneC．tired D．drunk12．A.gradually B．luckilyC．strangely D．finally13．A.single B．smallC．local D．new14．A.seldom B．temporarilyC．merely D．often15．A.sight B．natureC．ability D．belief【语篇解读】本文是说明文。

语鹅市安置阳光实验学校5.4 完形填空篇之说明文Ⅰ.完形填空We convince ourselves that life will be better once we are married, have a baby，then another. Then we get __1__ because our children are not old enough, and that __2__ will be well when they are older. Then we are frustrated __3__ they reach adolescence and we must deal with them. Surely we'll be __4__ when they grow out of the teen years.We tell ourselves our __5__ will be better when our spouse(配偶) gets his/her act together, when we have a nicer car, when we can take a __6__，when we finally retire. The __7__ is that there is no better time to be happy than __8__. If not, then when? Your life will always be full of __9__. It is better to admit as much and to decide to be happy __10__ it all.For the longest time, it seemed that life was about to start—real life.But there was always some obstacle(挫折) along the way, an ordeal(苦难)to __11__， some work to be finished, some time to be given, a bill to be __12__. Then life would __13__. It finally dawned on me that those __14__ were part of life. Little by little, that point of __15__ also helped me see that there isn't any road to happiness.Happiness is the road. So, __16__ every moment. And bear in mind that __17__waits for no one. So stop __18__school to end, for a return to school, to lose ten pounds, to __19__ ten pounds, for work to begin, to get married, …before deciding to be happy.Happiness is a voyage, not a destination.There is no __20__ time to be happy than…NOW！Live and enjoy the moment.1．A.pleased B．happyC．frustrated D．frightened2．A.we B．theyC．all D．nothing3．A.because B．butC．so D．and4．A.luckier B．happierC．older D．healthier5．A.life B．studyC．children D．condition6．A.rest B．bathC．breath D．vacation 7．A.idea B．opinion C．truth D．thought8．A.before B．everC．just then D．right now 9．A.challenges B．troubles C．awards D．chances 10．A.instead of B．in addition to C．in spite of D．up11．A.meet with B．go ahead C．turn to D．get through 12．A.paid B．gotC．asked D．printed 13．A.end B．start C．reward D．appear 14．A.achievements B．obstacles C．duties D．opinions 15．A.view B．life C．position D．condition 16．A.work B．studyC．enjoy D．wait17．A.happiness B．timeC．age D．road18．A.asking for B．supposingC．waiting for D．hoping for19．A.gain B．reduceC．weigh D．enjoy20．A.worse B．betterC．more D．less[语篇解读] 本文是议论文。

【2021英语二轮复习】阅读理解专题说明文说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。

它通过对实体事物科学地解说，对客观事物作出说明或对抽象事理进行阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能、关系或对事理的概念、特点、来源、演变、异同等有科学的认识，从而获得有关的知识。

【考情分析】说明文所选材料题材丰富多样，涉及社会、科技、文化、生活、人物、教育、生态、安全等方面。

说明文在高考阅读理解中的重要性不容忽视。

即便是第一节中的细节理解题，大多数情况下考生也无法从文章中直接找到与选项表述完全一致的信息，而是需要在理解文章细节信息后作出归纳和判断；第二节七选五部分对考生阅读理解能力要求更高，要求考生不仅能理解文章内容，还要能理清篇章和段落的结构与层次，弄清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。

此外，就全国卷而言，通常一套卷中主旨大意、词义猜测、写作意图/观点态度类高难度试题的考查数量为2道左右，说明文考查此类题目的频率较高，且命题点呈多样化。

一、文体特点与阅读策略1. 语言特点：阅读理解主要考查考生对词汇和句式的掌握和运用情况。

说明文因其生僻词汇多、句式复杂等特点，相对于其他体裁的文章来说难度更大。

2. 结构特点：说明文的特点是客观、简练，文章很少表达作者的感情倾向。

说明文通常采用以下结构形式：总分式。

事物说明文常用“总－分”式、“总－分－总”式和“分－总”式结构，完整的“总－分－总”式说明文先总体概括，再分说，最后再总结。

递进式。

事理说明文常用这种结构形式，通常由浅入深、由表及里、由现象到本质，逐层递进，一层一层地剖析事理。

并列式。

文章各部分的内容没有主次轻重之分。

对照式。

通过两个事物的比较和对照说明其异同。

不管采用何种方式行文，说明文基本上都会遵循“首段引入所要说明的话题，其他部分采用并列式段落或递进式段落对其进行说明”这一规律。

3. 备考误区（1）阅读方法错误。

比如用手指划着读或者边读边译都会减慢应有的阅读速度。

专题二完型填空第3课时说明文、议论文类完形填空题组一体验真题Cloze 1体裁：说明文话题：环境保护词数：290 时间：16′(2021 ·安徽卷)1__is that countries around the world have growing mountains of __2__because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we__3__a throwaway society？First of all，it is now easier to__45__modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology，companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.Products are plentiful and__6__．Another cause is our__78__people，we are always looking for__9 __10__ thousands of different kinds of disposable products：paper plates，plastic cups，and cameras，to name a few.Our appetite for new products also__11__to the problem.We are__12__buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that__13__is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we__14__useful possessions to make room for new ones.All around the world，we can see the__1516__the amountof rubbish and to protect the__1718__，this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.Maybe there is another way out.We need to repair our possessions__19__throwing them away.We also need to rethink our attitudes about__20__．Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.【语篇解读】文章主要讲是堆积如山垃圾给环境带来影响。