english idioms s -1

Unit 11) Burn the midnight oil熬夜读书，开夜车To study or work until late at night.2) Hit the books用功读书，与熬夜无关To study, especially with particular intensity3) Do back-breaking work劳累至极腰酸背痛的工作To do some physically difficult work and makes you very tired.4) Work like a dog拼命工作To work very hard.5) Fall down on the job敷衍了事，没做好工作Be incapable for a work.6) Work one’s fingers to the bone非常努力的工作To work very hard.Unit 21) Be a breeze像一缕清风一样很容易做 A thing that is easy to do.2) Have a green thumb擅长园艺To be good at gardening.3) Be easy as pie小菜一碟，小事一桩To be very easy.4) Have a golden touch点石成金，无所不能It means that you can do anything that you want to do.5) Have two left feet笨手笨脚To be very awkward in your movements, especially when you are dancing or playing a sport.6) Have a nose for something善于发现某物，有洞察力To be perspective and good at discovering.Unit 31) Down to earth脚踏实地，实事求是To do something with no illusions or pretensions, sensible and practical. 2) Think one is god’s gift to mankind自以为了不起，自负To think oneself is really something in some areas; conceited.3) Show off炫耀To show one’s ability with pride to anyone.4) Put someone in someone’s place安分守己To make someone do his own duty and abide by the law.5) Put on airs摆架子，摆谱It means someone is conceited in order to show his identity.6) Blow one’s own horn自吹自擂，自我吹嘘To brag about oneself.Unit 4言归于好，和解，摒弃前嫌To stop being unfriendly and become friends again.2) Button one’s lips一言不发，守口如瓶To refuse to talk and be silenced.3) Flow with the tide跟风，紧随潮流To keep following someone or the trend.4) Hold one’s tongue保持沉默，不开口To say nothing about something and stay silent.5) Let sleeping dogs lie别无事生非，招惹麻烦To avoid mentioning a subject or something that happened in the past, in order to avoid any problems or arguments.6) Mind one’s own business少管闲事，管好自己To concern oneself only with what is of interest to oneself and not interfere in the affairs of others.7) Rock the boat捣乱To do something that upsets a situation and causes problems.8) See eye to eye看法完全一致，完全同意To share the same views as somebody about something.Unit 51) Face up to something勇敢的面对To accept and deal with something that is difficult or unpleasant.2) Point one’s finger at someone指责某人To accuse somebody .3) Leave someone high and dry使某人很无助To leave someone unsupported and unable to maneuver; to leave someone helpless.4) Shoulder the responsibility能够承担责任To take responsibility.5) Pass the buck推卸责任To shirk the responsibility.6) Worm out of something推卸摆脱某事To get rid of somethingUnit 61) All or nothing孤注一掷的，没有商量余地 A situation which will end either in complete success or complete failureHaving no middle position or compromise available2) Meet someone halfway向某人妥协To compromise to somebody3) Give-and-take妥协，互让，互相迁就To have an exchange of views on some topic in order to make mutual concessions 4) Middle-of-the-road折中的办法，折中之计 A compromising solution that can be accepted by most people5) Stick to one’s guns固执己见To maintain one’s position or viewpoint when faced with opposition6) Find middle ground寻求找到一个中间立场 A set of opinions and decisions that two or more groups who oppose each other can agree on1) Go through with经历困难而完成，把事情坚持到底To do something even though it may be very unpleasant or difficult for you2) Hang in there坚持，不气馁，不畏困难To maintain a course of action despite negative outlook; to persist; to subsist while keeping high spirits 3) Give up放弃To stop trying to do something4) Stick with坚持做某事To continue or persist; to stick to5) Sweat out努力的忍耐以达到某个目的To work very hard to achieve somethingUnit 81) Be a copycat模仿别人To imitate or copy others2) Cut the apron strings摆脱依赖，独立生活To be or become impossible to manage or to control3) Be a yes-man唯唯诺诺的人To be a person who always agrees with people in authority in order to gain their approval.4) Have a mind of one’s own自有主见，能够独立思考To have one’s own idea and think independently5) Be on one’s own独立自主，不依靠他人To be independent6) Lead someone by the nose牵着别人的鼻子走，完全控制别人To have a full control of somebody7) Stand on one’s own two feet独立自主，自力更生To be independentUnit 91) Be as cool as a cucumber表示非常冷静，毫不紧张。

＊Over use of idioms---clichés陈词滥调 (an expression or idea used so often that it has lost much of its expressive force.) e.g. the apple of one s eye one’s eye掌上明珠, bee in , one’s bonnet想得入迷, head over heels手忙脚 乱, hit the nail on the head击中要害, know the ropes内行, screw up one’s courage鼓起勇 气, take to one’s heels逃走, run away at once 拔腿就跑
II. Sources of English Idioms (P192)
1. People’s life (class1T3color,class3/4T3/2animal,class3 T4sports) 2. Bible 3. Shakespeare’s works (class1T2P42) 4. Fables, myths or legends (class1T1P35)
3) position-shifting: "The Johnsons keep up with sb" from "keep up with the Johnsons" 4) replacement: "wash one's clean linen in public" from "wash one's dirty linen in public"
2. Semantic opaqueness and completeness An idiom functions as a unit of meaning. We cannot get the meaning of an idiom by adding the meanings of its components.

52 Most Common Business Idioms from the New York Times to Make Your Business English Spectacular1. Hand in hand2. Same boat3. Multi-task4. Cut corners5. Between a rock and a hard place6. Start-up7. Blow you away8. Ahead of the game9. Go for broke10. Game plan11. Go down swinging12. A long shot13. Trade-off14. Fall through the cracks15. Burn out (rate)16. Miss the boat17. Land on your feet18. Take the bull by the horns19. On the same page20. See eye to eye21. Think out of the box22. Give and take23. Meeting someone halfway24. Cut to the chase25. Shot (shoot) from the hip26. Bent over backwards 27. Water over the bridge28. Win-win situation29. Ball rolling30. On the right track31. Screw up32. In the office loop33. Ahead of the curve34. Take off35. In the black36. Kickback37. On the ball38. Shooting the breeze39. Stay on your toes40. Know the ropes41. Troubleshoot42. Get the bugs out43. Bummed out44. Raise the bar45. Play it by ear46. Punch to the gut47. Hold your horses48. Jump the gun49. Drop the ball50. Keep pace51. You can’t have your cake and eat it, too52. Stay on top of things52 Most Common Business Idioms from the New York Times to Make Your Business English SpectacularI suppose some people buy the New York Times to read about technology or internationalnews. Others enjoy reading about science or health, sports or politics. Then there is the group that turns first to the editorials or the classifieds, the fashion section, real estate pages or even the job market listings. Still others enjoy the crosswords and the daily bridge tips. But my main reason to read the New York Times is the business section, several pages of up-to-date articles about the latest news from the business world.In doing so, I have come to notice the word choices in the business articles and how these go hand in hand(together; along with)with the goal of my company TalktoCanada. We help with online teaching of English to a myriad of students all over the world. I’ve finally narrowed the top 50 (okay, 52) business idioms down that I continually see in the New York Times. I realize that if you study and learn these idioms, you are well on your way to understanding business English.In starting TalktoCanada about 7 years ago, I am reminded daily of the rewards and challenges of owning a large and growing business. Maybe you are in the same boat(in the same situation) as I am and you also own a business or you are thinking of starting one. Maybe you work in a business or deal with businesses on a daily basis in the course of your workday. Well, I’ve learned to multi-task(do many things at once) along the way as there is seldom enough time to get everything done. One thing I promise myself is that I will not cut corners(do something the cheapest or easiest way) or sacrifice quality in what is provided to our students. Even at times when I’ve been between a rock and a hard place (a dilemma; two possibilities that are not good), I will always put our students and staff first. Some of the start-ups(new businesses aimed at new markets) that are surfacing around the world will just blow you away (affect intensely; overwhelm). The products and services seem way ahead of the game (successful). Many of these entrepreneurs decided to go for broke(wagering everything) after developing a strong game plan (the strategy of reaching an objective). When faced with opposition, they were determined to go down swinging (keep trying until the end) even when others said it was a long shot (something that will probably not succeed but is worth trying).You see, I think the trade-off(to lose something in return of gaining something) of owning your own business is that you have more control of your business. Sure there are a lot of things, many almost overwhelming at times that might fall through the cracks(to be forgotten; to fail) and the burn out rate (physical or mental exhaustion)is quite high. But, if you’re like me, you don’t want to miss the boat(miss an opportunity)so you’ll do everything in your power to land on your feet (to do well; to succeed).I’ve learned to be adaptable. There are times when I need to take the bull by the horns (to confront a problem head on) and just do it. There are times when I must move more slowly and make sure everyone else is on the same page(have the same understanding or knowledge) and that we all see eye to eye(to be in agreement) as we move together. There are other times when the same practices are important to continue and then there are times to think out of the box (to think differently from a new perspective) for new innovation. I have learned the gentle art of give and take (free flowing of ideas and conversation; making a deal by trading) and the importance of meeting someone halfway (compromise). You might have similar stories of how you had to cut to the chase (to focus on what’s important) or how you shot from the hip (impromptu, spontaneous, spur of the moment reaction ordecision)or bent over backwards (try hard to please; go out of the way)in your workings with others. And, when there are disagreements, you may have put these aside and considered them water under the bridge(something that has happened and can’t be changed) so you could have a win-win situation (a situation in which everyone participating come out on top; everyone wins or gets what they want).Well, it’s great that you have decided to study English. Communication is one of the keys to success in business. It helps to get the ball rolling (a situation in which everyone participating came out on top; everyone won or got what they wanted) and to keep you on the right track (to continue on the right path or process)so there’s less chance of a screw up (not doing well; a mistake). When everyone is in the office loop (understands what’s happening), the business has more of a chance to be ahead of the curve (doing better than expected).When your business begins to take off(move ahead and do well) and get in the black (become profitable opposed to being “in the red”), you can kickback(rest and enjoy your time)a little. You must always be on the ball (to be alert and aware), but some time can be spent shooting the breeze (talking casually without purpose). You still need to stay on your toes (pay attention and be aware) but having a little less pressure and a little more freedom will remind you of why you got in the business in the first place. You’ll know the ropes (have knowledge of) and be able to troubleshoot (solve problems) with confidence to get the bugs out (find the mistakes or prevent problems) and not get so bummed out (tired out or stressed out).Now you might be thinking how to raise the bar(to raise standards or expectations) in your business or in your job. Do you just play it by ear (decide to deal with something how it happens rather than planning) or punch to the gut (give it all you’ve got)? Do you hold your horses (slow down and wait or move slowly) or jump the gun (get a head start or move quickly)? Do you drop the ball (fail to do your job or to do well) or keep pace (continue on)?On second thought, if you’ve gotten this far in this article you definitely have taken some steps to becoming better at English. So reward yourself. Who said you can’t have your cake and eat it, too (you can’t have it both ways; you can’t have the bes t of both worlds)?Yes, I’ve been fortunate. Call it perseverance. Call it hard work or luck. My own business and continued progress in Improving the World with Better Communication.Do write to me and tell me how you’ve used these idioms. Also, If you have any idioms that you read in a business magazine or paper that aren’t in this list please let me know by commenting below. And remember, this is one way of continuing to improve your business English. Actually, to make it spectacular! I think I’ll ask for a subscription to the Times for my birthday. You know, just to stay on top of things (learn and know what’s happening).。

a brother.
Be slow in choosing a friend, slower in changing.选择朋友
兄弟不一定是朋友，而朋友一定是兄弟。
要慢，换朋友更要慢。
Section B: Pair Work
Part I Warm-up
Directions: Please discuss the following questions in pairs. Try to speak in English as much as possible.
or
encounter setbacks, we also resort to our friends for comfort and 7 suggestion
, which
will make us feel much better. So, it is lucky for us to have a good friend who can share our
friend. 最珍贵的财富是拥有一个聪明而又忠诚的朋友。
Friendship multiplies joys and divides grieves.友谊能增 A brother may not be a friend, but a friend will always be
添欢乐，分担忧愁。
Unit Two
Friendship
Part I Warm-up
Part V Self-learning
Part II Phonetic focus
Part IV Speaking Practice
Part III Listening Practice
Section A: Language Points Part I Warm-up