红曲色素固态发酵优化研究
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红曲红是什么_红曲红的发展应用大家知道红曲红是什么东西吗?以下是小编整理的关于红曲红的相关内容,欢迎阅读和参考!红曲红是什么_红曲红的发展应用红曲红是什么红曲红(Monascus colours,red rice starter)红曲色素。
是指将红曲米用乙醇抽提得到的液体红曲色素或从红曲霉的深层培养液中提取、结晶、精制得到的产物。
红曲红的发展应用红曲是中国古代的一项重大发明,宋朝时期已将红曲应用于食品及药物上,元朝已有红曲具有医疗功效的记载。
长期以来中外多数学者的研究已充分显示了红曲色素具有极高的安全性,在所有已知天然色素中具有极优良的稳定性,是我国食品法规允许使用的天然色素之一。
近年来的研究进一步证实了红曲的医疗保健功效。
[2] 红曲红作为一种色调自然鲜亮,而且安全、稳定,具有一定医疗保健功效的着色剂,已广泛应用于食品(肉制品、豆制品、酒、果汁、饮料、糖果、糕点)、医药、化妆品等行业中。
尤其是肉肠加工业,对提高产品档次,效果十分理想。
近年来,日本发明了许多红曲色素应用方面的专利,有望开发红曲红新的应用领域。
[2]红曲红具有良好的水溶性,可将该产品按所需用量用水或酒精溶解,然后加入配料中着色。
用量可根据所需色调而定。
若用50℃左右的热水先溶解,可缩短溶解时间。
部分产品的用量(以液体培养品为准):肉制品,50~500mg/kg;冰淇淋,30~120mg/kg;酒类,15~150mg/kg 。
拓展阅读:红曲红的发展动向近年来,由于合成色素的安全性受到挑战,天然色素日益受到重视,特别是具有保健功能的红曲色素更受到消费者的青睐。
通过固体或液体培养红曲霉可迅速而大量地生产红曲红。
由于具有生产周期短、产量稳定,价格波动较小等优点,使其它天然色素望尘莫及。
红曲色素在中国、日本、朝鲜、东南亚及港澳地区应用较普遍,在亚洲国家已经合法化。
欧美许多国家现已将红曲红用于肉制品工业,取得了满意的效果。
欧洲有些国家已经建议欧共体通过法律,批准红曲红作为食品添加剂使用。
红曲菌深层发酵工艺技术胡文林谢凤娇谭兰英许世锦覃爱红广东天益生物科技有限公司广东湛江524300摘要红曲菌发酵工艺分为固态和液态两种方式:固态发酵是传统的生产模式,其产业化受诸多因素制约,技术发展趋缓;随着科技的进步,采用液态深层发酵工艺生产红曲色素应运而生,在工艺控制、产品质量和安全性等方面,获重大突破,对红曲业的发展有着划时代的影响。
相对于用固态发酵工艺生产红曲米、功能性红曲的局限性,液态深层发酵技术或将成为红曲产业化之方向。
关键词红曲菌固态发酵液态发酵产业化The process technology of deep layer fermentation of Monascus sppHU Wenlin,XIE Fengjiao,TAN Lanying,XU Shijin,TAN AihongAbstract The fermentation processes of Monascus spp.were divided into two ways:solid state and liquid state.Solid-state fermentation was traditional production mode,and industrialization was con-strained by many factors,and technology development was slowing down.With the progress of science and technology,liquid deep layer fermentation process was adopted,and Monascus pigment was pro-duced.It had made great breakthroughs in process control,product quality,safety and others,which had an epoch-making effect on the development of Monascus industry.Compared with the limitation of producing red yeast rice and functional red yeast by solid-state fermentation process,liquid deep layer fermentation process may become the direction of industrialization of Monascus.Key words Monascus spp.;solid state fermentation;liquid state fermentation;industrialization红曲是指以大米为原料,用红曲菌属红曲霉菌发酵培养制得,是具有中国特色的传统发酵产品。
红曲霉固体发酵豆粕及其产物分析刘安军,尚校兰,朱振元,满金浩(天津科技大学食品工程与生物技术学院,天津 300457)摘要:以豆粕为原料,利用红曲霉菌株(Monascus purpureus)进行固态发酵,豆粕与水的质量比为1:1时得到的发酵产物的质量较高。
并测定了发酵前后的产物色价、蛋白质类型、蛋白质含量、多肽含量及发酵产物中Monacolin K的含量,结果表明红曲霉固体发酵所得豆粕的色价不高;蒸汽加热会使豆粕中的蛋白质变性,溶解度显著降低,红曲霉发酵豆粕的过程使可溶性蛋白质含量增加,且使大分子蛋白质变成小分子肽类,从而提高了蛋白质的功能特性;发酵产物存在莫纳可林K,但含量不高。
用红曲霉固体发酵豆粕生产红曲霉色素或莫纳可林K不可取。
关键词:豆粕;红曲霉;发酵;大豆多肽;莫纳可林K中图分类号:TQ920;文献标识码:A;文章篇号:1673-9078(2009)01-0149-03Analysis of the Solid-State Fermented Soybean meal by MonascusLIU An-Jun, SHANG Xiao-Lan, ZHU Zhen-Yuan, MAN Jin-Hao(College of Food Science and Biotechnology, TianJin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China)Abstract: M. rubber (Monascus purpureus) mediated solid state fermentation of the soybean meal was studied. The high-value fermented soybean meal was obtained with the ratio of soybean meal to water being of 1:1. The color-value, the comparison of the protein type, the contents of protein, and the detection of polypeptide before the fermentation and after the fermentation was determined and the contents of Monacolin K in the fermented product were determined. The results showed that the color-value of the solid-state fermented soybean mea was low and the solubility of the protein in the fermented soybean was reduced due to denaturation by steam heating. Through the solid-state fermentation, the contents of the soluble protein increased and the proteins decomposed to peptides and thus improve the function of the protein. Low content of Monacolin K was found in the fermented soybean meal, which indicated that the solid state fermentation of soybean meal by Monascus was unsuitable to the production of Monascus Pigment and Monacolin K.Key words: soybean meal; monascus; fermentation; soybean polypeptide; Monacolin K豆粕是目前畜牧养殖业使用量很大的一种优质蛋白源,具有较高的粗蛋白含量及较平衡的氨基酸组成。
红曲甜米酒生产过程中红曲色素稳定性研究
李永波;肖国学;马媛
【期刊名称】《食品与机械》
【年(卷),期】2016(032)003
【摘要】通过固态发酵的方法,制备红曲米,并从中提取出天然红曲色素.以色价为指标,研究光照、温度、受热时间及金属离子对红曲色素稳定性的影响.结果表明:光照条件对红曲色素稳定性影响的大小顺序为日光>紫外灯>避光处,其中,日光对红曲色素稳定性的影响最为明显;另外随着温度的升高,红曲色素的稳定性越来越差,加热时间越长,色价损失越大;金属离子中,Fe3+对红曲色素的影响最大,而Cu2+和Zn2+影响不显著.
【总页数】3页(P203-205)
【作者】李永波;肖国学;马媛
【作者单位】黔南民族师范学院生命科学与农学学院,贵州都匀558000;黔南民族师范学院生命科学与农学学院,贵州都匀558000;黔南民族师范学院生命科学与农学学院,贵州都匀558000
【正文语种】中文
【相关文献】
1.红曲霉固态发酵产红曲色素的发酵条件优化及稳定性研究 [J], 郑虹;姚德华
2.红曲米中红曲色素的提取及稳定性研究 [J], 蒋琼凤;陈莫林;袁志辉
3.红曲霉液态发酵生产红曲色素的工艺优化 [J], 张锐
4.红曲霉JR所产红曲色素的稳定性研究 [J], 黄林;程新;魏赛金;涂晓嵘;李昆太
5.紫红曲霉与酿酒酵母共发酵对红曲甜米酒风味的影响 [J], 车逸心;刘雯娴;徐瑞欣;王琦;杨冬梅;余淼;尹胜
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毕业设计说明书年产3万吨红曲色素生产工艺设计摘要:红曲色素是一种优良的色素,是红曲在菌体生长代谢过程中产生的天然色素,具有较高的营养价值和药用价值,目前广泛应用于医药、食品、饲料和化妆品等领域。
本设计以从土壤中筛选的红曲霉为出发菌株,通过紫外线超声波复合诱变选育出红曲色素高产菌株,通过摇瓶筛选和稳定性试验,得到稳定性高产红曲色素的突变菌株。
在此基础上,尝试了三级发酵的发酵方式,优化了培养基,确定了发酵工艺条件:接种菌龄20h、接种量5%、初始pH5.0、培养最适温度32℃及发酵时间96h,并选择了合适下游提取工艺。
设计的生产工艺稳定、简便,发酵后所得的红曲色素产量达到300g/L。
关键词:红曲霉,红曲色素,发酵,诱变Abstract:Monascus pigment is a good natural pigment, which Monascus pigment in the cell growth in the metabolism process produces, has high nutritional value and medicinal value, is now widely used in the fields of medicine, food, feed and cosmetics etc The design of the screening from the soil of Monascus as starting strain, through ultraviolet ultrasonic compound mutation breeding of the monascus pigment producing strains, through shake flask screening and stability test, the stability of mutant strains obtained high yield of Monascus pigment. On this basis, try the fermentation level three fermentation, optimization of the culture medium, fermentation conditions were determined: inoculating age 20h, 5% inoculation quantity, initial pH5.0, culture optimum temperature is 32 ℃and the fermentation time was 96h, and select the appropriate downstream extraction process. Design of production process stability, simple, after fermentation of Monascus pigment yield income reached 300g/L.Keywords:Monascus, Monascus pigment, fermentation, mutation目录1引言 (1)1.1 概述 (1)1.2 发酵方式 (1)1.3 红曲色素合成机理 (1)1.4 国内外研究现状 (2)1.4.1 国内研究现状 (2)1.4.2 国外研究现状 (3)1.5 本课题的意义 (4)2红曲霉菌种的选育 (5)2.1红曲色素生产菌 (5)2.2菌种描述 (5)2.3色价分析方法 (5)2.4 诱变选育 (5)2.4.1复合诱变 (6)2.4.2摇瓶筛选 (6)2.4.3 稳定性试验 (6)2.5 菌种保藏 (6)3 培养基 (7)3.1红曲霉的培养基 (7)3.2 培养基的设计 (7)3.2.1 碳源 (7)3.2.2 氮源 (8)3.2.3 无机盐及微量元素 (8)4 灭菌 (9)4.1 仪器灭菌 (9)4.2 培养基灭菌 (10)4.2.1分批灭菌 (10)4.2.2连续灭菌 (10)4.3 空气除菌 (10)4.4 发酵罐灭菌 (11)5 种子扩大培养和装料发酵 (11)5.1 斜面培养 (11)5.2 一级种子培养 (11)5.3 二级种子培养 (11)5.4 装料发酵 (12)6 发酵控制 (13)6.1 pH值的控制 (13)6.3 溶氧的控制 (13)6.4 补料工艺的控制 (14)6.4.1磷酸与氨水 (14)6.4.2 葡萄糖与蛋白胨 (14)7 下游加工 (16)7.1下游加工工艺的一般流程 (16)7.2发酵液的预处理与固液分离 (16)7.3提取 (16)7.31 胞外色素 (16)7.3.2 胞内色素 (17)7.4 成品加工与包装 (17)8 物料衡算 (18)8.1 发酵罐数量衡算 (18)8.2 发酵液组成衡算 (19)8.3 发酵罐工艺设计 (20)9 结果与讨论 (21)致谢 (25)1引言1.1 概述红曲色素,是以大米、大豆为主要原料,经红曲霉菌液体发酵培养、提取、浓缩、精制而成及以红曲米为原料,经萃取、浓缩、精制而成的天然红色色素。
产洛伐他汀红曲菌的筛选及中药对其固态发酵的影响车 鑫1,2,毛 健1,2,3,*,刘双平1,2,3,周志磊1,2,3,薛景波1,2(1.江南大学食品学院,江苏无锡 214122;2.江南大学粮食发酵工艺与技术国家工程实验室,江苏无锡 214122;3.国家黄酒工程技术研究中心,浙江绍兴 312000)摘 要:经洛伐他汀(Monacolin K)抗性平板筛选和固态发酵实验验证,从红曲分离源中得到一株产洛伐他汀能力最强的菌株,并命名为M2-1,发酵12 d后其洛伐他汀产量可达1.472 mg/g(以干基计)。
结合形态学特征和核糖体DNA内转录间隔区序列分析,将其鉴定为红色红曲菌(Monascus ruber)。
考察15 种药食同源中药及其添加形式(药粉、药汁)对菌株M2-1固态发酵产洛伐他汀、色价等指标的影响,结果显示:陈皮粉、山楂粉、山楂汁、桑叶粉、丁香汁、黑胡椒汁、白芷粉制备药红曲效果最佳(P<0.05),其中陈皮粉红曲和山楂汁红曲的洛伐他汀和色价最高,分别为2.118 mg/g和320.12 U/g,分别较普通红曲提高43.89%和71.79%。
本研究发现多种中药能够促进红曲菌产洛伐他汀和红曲色素,为进一步提升传统红曲的药食两用功能提供了新的思路。
关键词:红色红曲菌;中药;固态发酵;洛伐他汀;色价Screening of Monacolin K-Producing Monascus and Effects of Chinese Medicinal Herbal Materials on Monacolin KProduction in Solid-State FermentationCHE Xin1,2, MAO Jian1,2,3,*, LIU Shuangping1,2,3, ZHOU Zhilei1,2,3, XUE Jingbo1,2(1. School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;2. National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;3. National Engineering Research Center of Chinese Rice Wine, Shaoxing 312000, China)Abstract: One strain with the most powerful capability of producing Monacolin K named M2-1 was screened from red mold rice (RMR) using Monacolin K-containing plates and validated by solid-state fermentation. The yield of Monacolin K reached 1.472 mg/g (dry basis) after 12 d fermentation. The strain was identified as Monascus ruber by morphological and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis. The effects of powders and water extracts of 15 edible and medicinal herbs on Monacolin K production and color value of M2-1 in solid-state fermentation were studied. Results indicated that Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, Fructus Crataegi, Folium Mori and Radix Angelicae Dahuricae powder as well as Fructus Crataegi, Flos Caryophylli and Fructus Piperis extracts significantly improved the quality of RMR (P < 0.05). By adding Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae powder and Fructus Crataegi extract to the fermentation medium, the maximum Monacolin K production of2.118 mg/g and the highest color value of RMR of 320.12 U/g were obtained which were increased by 43.89% and 71.79%compared those obtained with the ordinary strain, respectively. This study discovered a variety of Chinese medicinal herbs that could promote the production of Monacolin K and Monascus pigment by Monascus ruber, which will provide a novel strategy for improving the efficacy of traditional RMR as an edible and medicinal resource.Key words: Monascus ruber; Chinese medicinal herb; solid-state fermentation; Monacolin K; color valueDOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201613020中图分类号:TS201.3 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1002-6630(2016)13-0114-06引文格式:车鑫, 毛健, 刘双平, 等. 产洛伐他汀红曲菌的筛选及中药对其固态发酵的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2016, 37(13): 114-119.DOI:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201613020. 收稿日期:2015-09-10基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(31571823)作者简介:车鑫(1990—),男,硕士研究生,主要从事食品生物技术研究。