新英汉翻译教程答案

第一章翻译的定义和翻译的原则一、翻译的定义1.Translation is the art of recomposing a work in another language without losing its original flavor.( Columbia Encyclopedia )2. Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. ( Eugene A. Nida )3.翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种语言传达出来，以达到沟通思想感情、传播文化知识、促进社会文明，特别是推动译语文化兴旺昌盛的目的。

（孙致礼2003：6 ）二、翻译的原则1. Yan Fu (1854-1921)In translation, there are three aspects difficult to bring about: faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance. It is no easy work to realize ―faithfulness‖! If there is only faithfulness without expressiveness , the translation doesn’t amount to translation. From here we can see expressiveness is of great importance.(译事三难，信，达，雅。

求其信已大难矣！顾信矣不达，虽译犹不译也，则达尚焉）①Japanese army killed millions of innocent people during the war.----那场战争中日本军队屠杀了成百上千无辜的平民②Action is equal to reaction, but it acts in a contrary direction.――作用力与反作用力大小相等，方向相反．③We shall all miss him, but we wish him a long and happy retirement.――我们都会想念他的，我们祝愿他退休后快乐、长寿．④For never was a story of more woe Than this of Juliet and her Romeo.古往今来多少离合悲欢, 谁曾见这样的哀怨辛酸！⑤Crafty men contempt studies, simple men admire them, and wise use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them , won by observation.――有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之．2. Fu Lei (1908-1966)①From there I could see the whole valley below, the field, the river , and the village. It was all beautiful, and the sight of it filled me with longing.――从这里望下去，整个山谷一览无遗，只见那田野、河流、村庄，全都美不胜收，真叫我心驰神往．②He carried on a business , but brought his pigs to the wrong market.――他经营生意，可是几乎血本无归．3.Qian Zhongshu①Capri is a gaunt rock of austere outline, bathed in a deep blue sea; but its vineyards, green and smiling, give ita soft and easy grace. It is friendly, remote, and debonair.卡普里岛是一块外形突兀的荒凉的岩石，沐浴在深蓝色的海洋里，但是它的葱绿的葡萄园仿佛在向人微笑，使这个海岛增添了几分令人舒爽的温柔宁静的姿色，卡普里岛远离尘嚣，但景色宣人，生机盎然。

英汉互译简明教程第二版答案张震久《实用英汉互译简明教程》第五章“主要翻译方法”课后翻译参考答案第一节确定词义，表达得体(1)I. Please translate following phrases and sentences into Chinese.(1)广播学校(即通过电台对各地学生授课的学校)(误：空军学校)(2)家谱(误：一棵家庭树)(3)他们要我们吃晚饭，我们说刚吃过，于是贝克小姐就让我们喝茶，吃点心。

(第一个tea意为a meal eaten in the early evening, 即晚饭)(4)他正闷闷不乐，因为他刚才和朋友吵了一架。

(blue: n. an argument, quarrel or fight)(5)有关这城主街的说法实在令人难以置信(或：真是离谱)。

(high street: the main street of a town or a city; tall: hard to believe, exaggerated)(6)她对我说她那18岁的儿子是她子女中最小的。

(baby: a person of any age, who is the youngest of a family among brothers and sisters)(7)她母亲是墨尔本一家医院的护士长。

(sister: senior nurse in a hospital 护士长或资历高的护士)(8)虽然这场经济衰退波及全球的每个角落，但各地受到的影响不尽相同。

(9)我们得到的是一个大零鸡蛋。

(10)卡特现在正拿石油开刀，下一个目标会是谁呢?(11)一些人在吹这种风。

(12)老兄，听着，没有人对你那乱弹琴的意见感兴趣。

(13)罗斯福要是光杆司令，他也不会有所作为。

(14)严格来说，他在政治上已被萨达特政权打入冷宫。

(15)他想学习，增长知识，也愿意把自己的知识教给别人。

(16)曙色中的海岛美极了，晨曦柔和，彩云片片。

《英汉翻译技巧》（钟书能主编）翻译练习参考答案第1章翻译练习参考答案：1. 翻译下列词组，注意表达出原文词组的真实含义：（1）电线杆（2）洗耳恭听（3）感到害怕（4）令人扫兴的事或人（5）旧瓶装新酒（6）容易干的事、不重要的事情（7）有贵族血统的、出生名门的（8）生手、没经验的人（9）成或败（10）笑里藏刀2. 翻译下列词组，注意译文的“忠实性”：（1）东西保存时间长，终会派上好用场。

（2）得之艰难失之易。

（3）她来自于丹佛市附近的一个名不见经传的小镇。

（4）她买了13个鸡蛋。

（5）你占着那么多东西，而你自己又不想用，不就像狗占马槽吗？（6）他做事很老成。

（7）众所周知，过胖或过瘦肯定都是不健康的。

（8）我不知道他是否是个内奸。

（9）没有工具，人便一事无成；有了工具，人便无所不能。

（10）这两个星期，我一直坐卧不安地等待结果。

3. 翻译下面语篇，注意译文的“忠实性”和“流畅性”：改变了我生命的一封信丹尼斯·史密斯那时，我还不到30岁，在南布朗克斯第82消防支队做消防员，那也许是当时世界上最忙的消防队了。

一个星期天，天气晴和温暖，人们闲暇无事，邻近社区的活动也就比平时更多，消防员的任务也比平时更多。

那一天，我们肯定接到过15次或20次火警电话，最大的火灾发生在一栋废弃楼房背后的一个车库，光棉裹的水管就拖拽了有600英尺长。

在没有出警任务的间隙里，我会赶紧跑到队里办公室去读葛瑞队长的那份周日版《纽约时报》。

时近傍晚，我才终于读到了“书评”栏目。

一读之下，不由得怒火中烧。

有一篇文章居然公开宣称：诺贝尔文学奖得主，爱尔兰文艺复兴运动的领袖——威廉·巴特勒·叶芝超越了其爱尔兰精神，将永远作为一位世界诗人而被人铭记。

而我认为这简直是胡说八道。

对叶芝这份爱尔兰遗产，我十分引以为豪，很少有什么东西能够胜之。

我服兵役时曾从兵营书架上拿起一本叶芝的诗集，从那时起，他就成为了我最喜爱的爱尔兰作家，其次才是希恩·奥凯西和詹姆斯·乔伊斯。

英汉翻译教程——上海外语教育出版社1、John can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game.约翰为人可靠，他既忠诚又正直。

2、He who would eat the nut must first crack the shell.(前置)要吃核果，必先敲壳。

（要享受果实，必先劳动。

）3、They fought so bravely that the invasion was crushed inseventy-two hours.（后置）他们打得勇敢，七十二小时内就粉碎了敌人的入侵。

（后置）We worked fast and well, so that we overfulfilled our production plan. (后置)我们工作得又快又好，超额完成了生产计划。

（后置）4、He is the last man to come.他是最后来的。

He is the last man to do it.他是绝不会干那件事。

He is the last person for such a job.他最不配干这个工作。

He should be the last (man) to blame.怎么也不该怪他。

He is the last man to consult.根本不宜找他商量。

This is the last place where I expected to meet you.我怎么也没料到会在这个地方见到你。

5、He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately he had a certainreputation. I believe the reputation was not deserved.他是一个正直诚实的人，但不幸有某种坏名声。

我相信他这个坏名声是不该有的。

6、He had lied to me and made me the tool of his wicked deeds.他欺骗了我，使我成了进行罪恶勾当的工具。

实用英汉翻译教程答案【篇一：大学英语实用翻译教程练习答案】s=txt>第二章第一节练习一：p10一、1．保护人类基因健康是个比较严峻的问题，但这不过是问题的一个方面而已。

2．这些是科学家和技术专家研制的机器和产品。

3．科学已成为力量的一种源泉，不只是适宜于幻想的题材了。

4．建造和装饰宫殿、教堂和寺院的款项都由经商的富户承担支付。

5．查理一世和下议院的争吵已到了紧要关头，后来内战爆发，并在白厅把斯图尔特王朝的君主送上了断头台。

6．在开辟第二战场之前，美国步兵精神饱满，营养充足，还没有在战斗中受过创伤。

练习二：p16一、1．已经拟就一张至今已教过的所有动词的表。

2．每天从全国各地传来各行各业取得伟大成就的消息。

3．城乡之间的差别依然存在。

4．那一年，建立了旨在促进研究和试验的英国航空学会。

5．这里出版的报纸谴责侵略者屠杀大批无辜人民。

6．凡是成功的科学家常常把注意力集中在他发现尚未得到满意解答的问题上。

练习三：p191．所有植物组织和动物组织主要由碳化合物、水和少量的矿物质组成。

2．他们并不认为有必要提供学生经常使用的名词化规则和构造使役句的规则。

3．各种族集团的文化特性、民间传说、神话和信仰都是根据文化进化规律起源于每一个集团的内部。

4．个别国家的科学努力可能将由跨国机构来进行统一和协调。

5．解放前，这个城市的垃圾和苍蝇一向无人过问，结果经常发生地方性病疫。

6．他是美国印第安人作家、演讲家和争取印第安人权利运动的活动家。

第二章第二节练习一：p26一、1．我原先以为这部机器不过是一种没有什么价值的玩具。

2．第二天一早，饱饱地吃了一顿早餐之后，他们便动身了。

3．你愿意别人如何待你，你就应该如何待别人。

4．这部打印机真是物美价廉。

5．我七岁时就会织毛衣。

6．钢铁制品常常涂上油漆以免生锈。

二、1．he who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak.2．before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved.3．the ear is the organ which is used for hearing. the nose is used for smelling. and the tongue is used for tasting.4. modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.5．as it was getting quite dark, we decided to stop at that temple for the night.6．internet is so convenient that we can find any information with the click of the mouse.练习二：p30一、1．勇敢过度，即成蛮勇；感情过度，即成溺爱；俭约过度，即成贪婪。

If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that's before I've had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I'm interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alone till I'm 60。

练习参考译文第1课1.我相信，美国的早期定居者爱家的情感一定非常强烈。

2. 少男少女们离开父母的家，住进自己的房子。

3.老师选中我扮演学校上演的剧中的公主。

4. 演出前几分钟，老师走到我面前，递给我一朵蒲公英。

5. 在相隔遥远的地域突然出现了成就最为卓著的一批发明家和革命家。

好莱坞好莱坞并不真正是一座城市，而是洛杉矶市的一部分。

这个地方也代表着一种思维方式，一种生活方式。

第一批电影是在洛杉矶市西区摄制的。

当时那里遍地都是/ 漫山遍野是一种状似冬青的树林（英语中“冬青林”念“好莱坞”）。

“好莱坞”由此而得名。

电影业始于1911年前后，随后迅速发展。

到1920年，电影业成了洛杉矶市的一种重要产业。

最初的/ 首批/ 第一批电影很短。

这些影片没有声音，所以放映时影院里有人弹钢琴或风琴（伴奏）。

对白放映/ 投射在银幕上。

塞西尔·B·德米尔摄制了第一部大型史诗（影）片/史诗大片《一个国家的诞生》。

1928年，沃尔特·迪斯尼的米老鼠在卡通片《威利号轮船》中首次露面/ 亮相/ 同观众见面。

第一部有声片《爵士歌手》一夜之间大获成功。

第一部全彩卡通片是迪斯尼于1932年摄制的《花草树木》/《花与树》// 1932年摄制了第一部全彩卡通片，即迪斯尼的《花草树木》/ 《花与树》。

不久，摄制了许多有声彩色影片。

电影业继续发展。

默默无闻的男女演员一夜之间成为明星。

人们到处追逐有名的男女演员。

他们买报纸来读，了解自己最喜爱的明星的私生活。

……好莱坞仍然以其魅力吸引着人们，但如今好莱坞摄制的影片已经不多了。

许多老制片厂现在用来制作电视节目。

然而人们仍然怀念好莱坞的鼎盛时期/ 辉煌时期，常去参观马恩中国式剧院，踏进电影明星的混凝土脚印里，装一会儿电影明星/ 过一回明星瘾。

第2课1. Mt.Tianzi has / boasts / enjoys beautiful scenery and a pleasant climate.2. Each stone is more than 1000 kg in weight / weighs more than 1000 kg.3. Out of the living-room walked an old gentleman in a western suit.4. He put on his jacket hastily and walked out with a hoe on his shoulder.5. (You) buy some fruit with this money to take to the hospital. / This money you use to buy some fruit to take to the hospital.Wonders in IndiaI arrived in India / came to India by plane / by air. It was a novel place.Throughout the year, there was always a wide variety of flowers. Sometimes even the locals couldn’t tell the names of the flowers. One day, I saw a lot of very big fruit hanging in a big tree. When I took a closer / more careful look, it turned out to be a flock of bats. During the night, when they spread out their wings, they were / looked / appeared as big as basins.To the southwest of Delhi was a beautiful ancient city (which was) called Jaipur. The buildings of the whole city were painted pink, so it was also known as the City of Roses. In fact, we might as well call it the Land of Peacocks / In fact, it might as well be called the Land of Peacocks. The peacocks there were surprisingly numerous / There were surprisingly numerous peacocks there. Early in the morning, you could see a few peacocks dancing in the flowering shrubs. Every evening, they came out to look for food. They wondered around / about in threes and fours / in small groups. They never avoided people.There were elephants as well / too. They were prettily decked out / up all over. Their keepers called them “Miss Elephant.”Well, they also enjoyed listening to music. When climbing the hill, I rode on an elephant’s back. There was someone ringing a bell behind / Someone was ringing a bell behind. “Miss Elephant” rocked from side to side to the rhythm. After I got down / climbed down from the elephant’s back, the keeper said, “Please give Miss Elephant a little money to buy sweets with (to eat).” The elephant stretched out her trunk to me. I stuffed a coin into her nostril. She flung / threw her trunk back, and passed the coin into her master’s hand. Very cute / smart / clever she was indeed.第3课1. 我(是) 在一个小镇上长大(的) ，镇上的小学到我家，只要步行十分钟。

1．我的吃相很糟糕——说起吃相，我简直退化到了几百年以前；实际上，我没有一点儿吃相。

如果我高兴，我可以用手拿东西吃，直接就着罐子喝，甚至站着吃——换句话说，怎么方便怎么来!2．我觉得大部分时间独自一个人是有好处的。

和别人作伴，即使是和最好的朋友在一起，很快就会觉得无聊和浪费时间。

3．那个农夫可以一个人独自在农田或树林里工作一整天，除草，劈柴，干得十分投入，一点儿都不觉得累和无聊。

第一次飞行连姆·欧弗拉赫提小海鸥独自站在悬崖伸出的岩架上。

他的两个哥哥和姐姐前天都已经飞走了，但他不敢和他们一起飞。

不知怎么地，每当他朝着悬崖边跑，拍打翅膀试图飞起来的一瞬间，他就会突然地害怕起来，然后放弃。

悬崖下面，一望无际的大海依然向远处延伸。

岩架很高，离海平面有好几英里远。

小海鸥觉得自己的翅膀肯定不能不能支撑自己飞起来，于是他耷拉下脑袋，沮丧地跑回了晚上睡觉的洞里。

小海鸥的哥哥姐姐的翅膀远不如他的强壮有力，但即使是这样，每当他们朝悬崖边跑去，拍打翅膀，然后飞走的时候，小海鸥却仍然没有勇气冒险尝试那个让他绝望的起飞。

小海鸥的爸爸妈妈在他周围盘旋着，厉声地叫他，责备他，吓唬他说，如果他不飞起来就让他待在那儿饿肚子。

但是，无论怎样，小海鸥也不敢动一下。

一天的时间已经过去了。

从前一天开始就没有一个人再靠近他。

前天，整整一天的时间，他看着爸爸妈妈带着哥哥姐姐们飞来飞去，教他们如何更熟练地掌握飞行技术，如何掠过水面捉鱼吃。

实际上，他的哥哥已经抓到了自己的第一条鲱鱼，小海鸥看到他站在岩石上津津有味地吃着。

他的爸爸妈妈觉得很自豪，盘旋着，发出咯咯的笑声。

整个早上，一家人都在对面悬崖半中央的高原上来回走动，嘲笑他的懦弱。

太阳出来了，温暖的阳光洒在岩架向阳的一侧。

他觉得浑身发热，因为从前天晚上到现在，他没有吃任何东西。

突然他看到岩架的另一头有一片干的鲭鱼尾巴。

吃掉那个以后，他再也找不到一丁点儿食物了。

他已经找遍了每一寸角落，包括自己和哥哥姐姐们出生的那个粗糙且沾满泥土的稻草窝，却依然毫无发现。

一、英译汉1、We all sensed we were coming to the end of our stay here, that we would never get a chance like this again, and we became determined not to waste it. Most important of course were the final exams in April and May in the following year. No one wanted the humiliation of finishing last in class, so the peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Libraries which were once empty after five o’clock in the afternoon were standing room only until the early hours of the morning, and guys wore the bags under their eyes and their pale, sleepy faces with pride, like medals proving their diligence.我们都觉得在校时间不多了，以后再也不会有这样的学习机会了，所以都下定决心不再虚度光阴。

当然，下一年四五月份的期末考试最为重要。

我们谁都不想考全班倒数第一，那也太丢人了，因此同学们之间的竞争压力特别大。

以前每天下午五点以后，图书馆就空无一人了，现在却要等到天快亮时才会有空座，小伙子们熬夜熬出了眼袋，他们脸色苍白，睡眼惺忪，却很自豪，好像这些都是表彰他们勤奋好学的奖章。

2、Tomorrow? It’s all a lie; there isn’t a tomorrow. There’s only a promissory note that we are often not in a position to cash. It doesn’t even exist. When you wake up in the morning it’ll be today again and all the same rules will apply. Tomorrow is just another version of now, an empty field that will remain so unless we start planting some seeds. Your time, which is ticking away as we speak (at about 60 seconds a minute chronologically; a bit faster if you don’t invest your ti me wisely), will be gone and you’ll have nothing to show for it but regret and a rear-view mirror full of “could haves”, “should haves” and “would haves”.明天行吗？明天只是个谎言；根本就没有什么明天，只有一张我们常常无法兑现的期票。

汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。