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英汉翻译基础教程练习答案汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
How to explain that I was not a proud owner seeking admiration for his vehicle, but a tourist who had broken down如何解释,我不是一个骄傲的主人寻求佩服他的汽车,但游客坏了吗Special equipment assures that the computers will not be disturbed by power interruptions that last less than two hours.特种设备确保计算机就不会被打断,力量持续不到两个小时。
It is actually very, very old and was not always as beautiful as it is now. It is not certain how the Earth began. Probably it began as a huge globe of gas and dust. The globe became smaller and denser. Today the outer layer or crust is cool and hard,它实际上是非常非常老的,并不总是像现在这样美丽。
这都是不确定的地球就开始了。
可能起源于一个由气体和尘埃组成的庞大球体。
地球变得更小且致密。
今天的外层或地壳是凉爽且硬,It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, not horror, nor any of the other emotions that she had been prepared for.那表情不是生气，不是惊讶，不是不满，不是嫌恶，也不是她原先准备应付的任务一种感情。
Modern geology has for its aim the deciphering of the whole evolution of the earth from the time of the earlier records that can be recognized in the rocks to the present day.当代地质解释为其目标的整体演化的地球早期的时间记录,可以识别岩石到当代。
练习参考译文第1课1.我相信，美国的早期定居者爱家的情感一定非常强烈。
2. 少男少女们离开父母的家，住进自己的房子。
3.老师选中我扮演学校上演的剧中的公主。
4. 演出前几分钟，老师走到我面前，递给我一朵蒲公英。
5. 在相隔遥远的地域突然出现了成就最为卓著的一批发明家和革命家。
好莱坞好莱坞并不真正是一座城市，而是洛杉矶市的一部分。
这个地方也代表着一种思维方式，一种生活方式。
第一批电影是在洛杉矶市西区摄制的。
当时那里遍地都是/ 漫山遍野是一种状似冬青的树林（英语中“冬青林”念“好莱坞”）。
“好莱坞”由此而得名。
电影业始于1911年前后，随后迅速发展。
到1920年，电影业成了洛杉矶市的一种重要产业。
最初的/ 首批/ 第一批电影很短。
这些影片没有声音，所以放映时影院里有人弹钢琴或风琴（伴奏）。
对白放映/ 投射在银幕上。
塞西尔·B·德米尔摄制了第一部大型史诗（影）片/史诗大片《一个国家的诞生》。
1928年，沃尔特·迪斯尼的米老鼠在卡通片《威利号轮船》中首次露面/ 亮相/ 同观众见面。
第一部有声片《爵士歌手》一夜之间大获成功。
第一部全彩卡通片是迪斯尼于1932年摄制的《花草树木》/《花与树》// 1932年摄制了第一部全彩卡通片，即迪斯尼的《花草树木》/ 《花与树》。
不久，摄制了许多有声彩色影片。
电影业继续发展。
默默无闻的男女演员一夜之间成为明星。
人们到处追逐有名的男女演员。
他们买报纸来读，了解自己最喜爱的明星的私生活。
……好莱坞仍然以其魅力吸引着人们，但如今好莱坞摄制的影片已经不多了。
许多老制片厂现在用来制作电视节目。
然而人们仍然怀念好莱坞的鼎盛时期/ 辉煌时期，常去参观马恩中国式剧院，踏进电影明星的混凝土脚印里，装一会儿电影明星/ 过一回明星瘾。
第2课1. Mt.Tianzi has / boasts / enjoys beautiful scenery and a pleasant climate.2. Each stone is more than 1000 kg in weight / weighs more than 1000 kg.3. Out of the living-room walked an old gentleman in a western suit.4. He put on his jacket hastily and walked out with a hoe on his shoulder.5. (You) buy some fruit with this money to take to the hospital. / This money you use to buy some fruit to take to the hospital.Wonders in IndiaI arrived in India / came to India by plane / by air. It was a novel place.Throughout the year, there was always a wide variety of flowers. Sometimes even the locals couldn’t tell the names of the flowers. One day, I saw a lot of very big fruit hanging in a big tree. When I took a closer / more careful look, it turned out to be a flock of bats. During the night, when they spread out their wings, they were / looked / appeared as big as basins.To the southwest of Delhi was a beautiful ancient city (which was) called Jaipur. The buildings of the whole city were painted pink, so it was also known as the City of Roses. In fact, we might as well call it the Land of Peacocks / In fact, it might as well be called the Land of Peacocks. The peacocks there were surprisingly numerous / There were surprisingly numerous peacocks there. Early in the morning, you could see a few peacocks dancing in the flowering shrubs. Every evening, they came out to look for food. They wondered around / about in threes and fours / in small groups. They never avoided people.There were elephants as well / too. They were prettily decked out / up all over. Their keepers called them “Miss Elephant.”Well, they also enjoyed listening to music. When climbing the hill, I rode on an elephant’s back. There was someone ringing a bell behind / Someone was ringing a bell behind. “Miss Elephant” rocked from side to side to the rhythm. After I got down / climbed down from the elephant’s back, the keeper said, “Please give Miss Elephant a little money to buy sweets with (to eat).” The elephant stretched out her trunk to me. I stuffed a coin into her nostril. She flung / threw her trunk back, and passed the coin into her master’s hand. Very cute / smart / clever she was indeed.第3课1. 我(是) 在一个小镇上长大(的) ，镇上的小学到我家，只要步行十分钟。
1. He wanted to learn, to know, to teach.【译文】他想学习，增长知识，也愿意把自己所学教给别人。
2. She is young enough to get married.【译文】她还年轻，可以结婚。
3. From there I could see the whole valley below, the fields, the river, and the village. It was all very beautiful, and the sight of it filled me with longing. (N.S. Momaday: The End of My Childhood)【译文一】从那里，我可以看见下面的整个山谷，那田野、河流和村庄。
这一切非常美丽，见到后使我心里充满了渴望。
【译文二】从此望去，整个山谷一览无遗，田野、河流和村庄，美不胜收，使我心驰神往。
4〃We have 365 days in a year.【译文】一年365天。
5〃He stood up straight with arms folded, and laughed at the cap hanging there on the pole.【译文】他交臂直立，笑看帽子挂在杆子上那个样子。
6〃Our son must go to school. He must break out of the pot that holds us in.【译文】我们的儿子一定要上学，一定要出人头地。
7〃Is the press a great power in your country?【译文】贵国新闻界有很大的影响（力）吗？8〃Brown may say what he likes, but it is his wife who wears the trousers.【译文】布朗爱说什么就说什么，但当家作主的却是他老婆。
Unit 11. 他们都认为他成功的可能性很小。
They all believed that his chances of success were slim.2. 我不知道她为何总带有一种闷闷不乐的神情。
I don’t know why she always has an air of sadness.3. 等到所有同学都就座后，学生会主席才开始宣布野营的日程安排。
After all students were seated, the president of the students’ union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary.4. 胃是人体至关重要的器官，请善待之。
Please take good care of our stomach which is a vital organ of our human body.5、他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事是荒唐的。
He considered it absurd for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles.6. 她的研究涉及多种语言和文化，富有挑战性。
Her study was full of challenge, which was concerned with many languages and cultures.7. 根据安排，全体工作人员依次值晚班。
As is scheduled, all staff should take turns to do late duty.8. 想到要远离父母独自生活，她深感不安。
She felt upset at the thought of leaving her parents and having an independent living in a remote area.9. 对于她是否胜任这份工作我们不甚担心，我们所担忧的却是她的健康状况。
新英汉翻译教程第三章课堂互动及综合练习答案课堂互动一1.我认为,如果一个人思路不清,他写文章也会杂乱无章,如果他性情多变，喜怒无常，他的文章也会充满奇思妙想;如果他思想敏捷,能由眼前的事情联想到上百件事,除非他有很强的自我约束力，否则他的文章就会满篇是比喻联想。
2.我们诚恳的希望，你们在表示祝贺之后，能做出相应的共同努力，以使形成一个公正可行的办法，来解决这个多年来一直困扰着联合国的问题。
3.他们通常没有意识到在很多国家，形形色色的贿赂行为正日益增多。
在某些国家，这已成为人们几百年来的生活方式。
4.他心中的所谓文化，与人的精神心灵有关。
不能用物质的丰富，甚至艺术文明来衡量。
他跟东方人交往很久，也同情东方人；在东方人的心目中，文化也是如此。
5.亚洲经济出现的问题使北京领导层感到紧张，朱镕基和其他领导人现在更有理由相信，为了防止国际货币基金组织和其他的外部干涉，中国必须把自己的事情办好。
课堂互动二1.那女人是个街头女郎。
2.比尔今晚要带他的‘小鸟’去看电影。
3.他还不至于病得不能上学。
4.他英语很棒。
5.他，只有他，才能控制局面。
6.外面下着倾盆大雨。
7.就新手而言，这是相当不错的了。
8.别轻视他们的方案。
9.他是学外语的学生。
10.25年前的今天，我来到这所大学。
11.下个月的这个时候，我们将到那儿。
12.我能做些木工活。
13.小高有点儿君子风度。
14.他全无音乐家的风范。
15.我们以歌声辞旧迎新。
课堂互动三1.那是个是非之地，大家都看得出来。
2.我含上双目，感谢上苍，然后挂挡上路。
3.这位站长就得接近董事，因为董事是核心集团的成员。
4.这地方实在漂亮，所以许多人都把自己的家小搬来居住。
5. 今年4月8日，来自费城96岁高龄的伟大女低音歌唱家玛丽安·安德逊逝世，噩耗传来，世界各地，尤其是音乐界人士，无不为之黯然神伤。
6. 我在绘画方面谈不上有所专攻，只是热爱这门艺术而已，因此要为这部画册作序，只能三言两语谈一点肤浅的看法。
《新英汉翻译教程》章课后答案How to explain that I was not a proud owner seeking admiration for his vehicle, but a tourist who had broken down 如何解释,我不是一个骄傲的主人寻求佩服他的汽车,但游客坏了吗Special equipment assures that the computers will not be disturbed by power interruptions that last less than two hours.特种设备确保计算机就不会被打断,力量持续不到两个小时。
It is actually very, very old and was not always as beautiful as it is now. It is not certain how the Earth began. Probably it began as a huge globe of gas and dust. The globe became smaller and denser. Today the outer layer or crust is cool and hard, 它实际上是非常非常老的,并不总是像现在这样美丽。
这都是不确定的地球就开始了。
可能起源于一个由气体和尘埃组成的庞大球体。
地球变得更小且致密。
今天的外层或地壳是凉爽且硬,It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, not horror, nor any of the other emotions that she had been prepared for.那表情不是生气，不是惊讶，不是不满，不是嫌恶，也不是她原先准备应付的任务一种感情。
Modern geology has for its aim the deciphering of the whole evolution of the earth from the time of the earlier records that can be recognized in the rocks to the present day.当代地质解释为其目标的整体演化的地球早期的时间记录,可以识别岩石到当代。
is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile・我认为，如果一个人思路不清，他写文章也困惑，如果他喜怒无常的文章就会荒诞不经;如果他思想敏捷，和能，由眼前的事情，他将一百件事情，除非他有很大的自我控制、负荷在文章中隐喻和明喻。
I sincerely hope that your congratulations will be matched by your collective endeavour to seek a just and practical solution to the problem which has bedeviled the United Nations for so many years・我真诚地希望你的祝贺将相媲美的集体努力追求公正和实际解决问题的困扰，联合国己经多年了。
Culture to him, as to the Orientals3 with whom he lived so much and sympathized so deeply, was an affair of the spirit and of mind not to be measured by material progress, or, even by the arts.文化，在东方人，和他一起住这么多，深深同情的事情，是灵，可以不可以通过衡量物质进步、或,即使是艺术。
With Asia s economic meltdown rattling the Beijing leadership, Zhu and his colleagues now have a powerful argument that China must get its own house inorder to prevent meddling by the International Monetary Fund or other outsiders・(China: Zhu is Taking a Broom to the Bureaucrats与亚洲经济危机年代震动了北京的领导下，朱和他的同事们现在有一个强有力的论点，中国必须得到它的自己的房子为了防止干涉国际货币基金组织或其他外人。
(中国:朱正在一个扫帚官僚扌宜权that woman walks the streets・那个妇女常在那些街上走Bill is taking his bird to the pictures tonight.比尔今晚带着他的女朋友去看电影。
He is not so ill but that he can come to school ・他还没有病到不能上学的地步。
She is at home in English她在家里用英语He and he alone could control the situation他和他一个人能控制局势It is raining cats and dogs outside !看看外面，是猫狗大战，还是瓢泼大雨It is not half bad for a beginner.这是不错的一个初学者。
Don t make light of their design.不要让光的设计。
He is a foreign-language student他是一个外语的学生I came to the university this day 25 years ago. 我来到大学25年前这一天。
We II be there this time next month.我们会有下个月这个时候。
I m something of a carpenter我能做些木匠活Xiao Gao is anything of a gen tieman小高有一点君子风度He is nothing of a musician.没有任何一位音乐家。
We sang the old year out and the New Year in.我们唱了旧的一年，新的一年。
That region was the most identifiable trouble spot.那个地区是个麻烦的地方，这是大家都容易看得出来的。
I closed my eyes and said a prayer of thanks before putting the car in gear and returning to the highway.我闭上眼睛，说一个祈祷感谢前先把汽车齿轮，并回到高速公路。
The station chief would have to be close to the director, a member of the inner circle ・这位站长将得不接近董事，因为董事是核心集团成员。
This place is really beautiful, and many people bring their wives and families out here to live .这个地方真的很美丽，许多人都带自己的妻子和家庭到这里居住。
The music world and the world at large became poorer places on April 8, when Marian Anderson, the greatest alto from Philadelphia, died at 96.音乐世界和世界贫穷地区大型成为今年4月8日,玛丽安•安德森,最大的女低音来白费城逝世，享年96。
This preface must necessarily by short and modest, for I cannot claim to be an expert in painting, merely an ardent lover of the art这篇前言就必须由短和谦虚，因为我不能声称自己是一位专家在绘画中，仅仅是一个虔诚的情人的艺术He accomplished this by getting rid of the irons with which his wrists and ankles were shackled, cutting through a double grille of oak and iron bars, descending twenty-five feet by a knotted sheet and blanket, and climbing a 22-foot wall・他完成了这个摆脱了总与手腕和脚踝被禁锢,穿过一间双人格栅的橡木和铁棍、降二十五呎一床单和毯子把命中22英尺，攀爬墙。
A quarter of century ago the General Assembly and the Security Council symbolized, especially for the small countries, the supreme guarantee of a new international order based on peace and justice一个世纪前季度大会和安全理事会标志,尤其是对小国，最高保证建立国际新秩序的建立在和平和止义This man fished alone in a small boat; just like the protagonist of Emest Hemingway s the Old Man and the Sea, and endured a struggle just as epic, but lost the battle and his life这个人独自一人呆在一只小船上钓鱼，就像海明威年代的主角《老人与海》，经历了一个斗争,但就像史诗落败和他的生命she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood , wrapped up, at her window , with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn . 她度过了一个不眠之夜，于是很早起身，披衣凝立窗前。
晨风习习，拂面微凉，她注视着那天的黎明。
she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood , wrapped up , at her window , with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn . 她度过了一个不眠之夜，次日很早起身，披衣凝立窗前，在拂面的习习晨风中，注视天色破晓。
Failure to greet a person you recognize or to answer a greeting given to you is an unkindness to the other person, and very bad manners・问候一个人失败你承认或回答祝福给你们是一个不善让给别人，也可以做很坏的礼仪It was a keen disappointme nt when I had to postp one the visit which I intended to pay to China in Jan uary .译文）我原本打算元月份要访问屮国，后来不得不推迟，这使我非常失望It was a kee n disappoi ntment when I had to postp one the visit which I inte nded to pay to China in Jan uary ・我原打算一月访问屮国，后来不得不推迟，这令我异常失望。
It was a keen disappointment when I had to postpone the visit which I had intended to pay to China in January .I我原来打算在今年一月访问中国，后来我不得不推迟，这使我深感失望。
Now Jane is delighted to get her diploma . For twice she had wanted to quit school, but she changed her mind with the help of her teacher. 现在珍妮很高兴拿到毕业文凭。
