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英汉翻译基础教程练习答案汉英翻译基础教程第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译 (2)第二章词法翻译的一般技巧 (4)第三章名词的抽象和具体译法 (9)第四章动词的翻译 (11)第五章数词和冠词的翻译 (12)第六章成语的英译 (13)第七章修辞格的翻译 (17)笫八章文化词语的翻译 (19)第九章汉英句子比较与翻译 (20)第十章换序和转态译法 (23)笫十一章断句合句译法 (25)笫十二章长句的翻译 (27)第十四章汉英语篇比较与翻译 (29)第十五章风格与翻译 (30)第十六章语用与翻译 (32)第一章汉英词汇比较与翻译第一节翻译中的选义一、结合语境选择较贴切的译文1. b2. a3. b4. a二、译出下列词语，注意词语的不同搭配1． a swarm of beesa brood of chickensa litter of pups2. a bevy of beautiful ladiesa pack of houndsa team of ducksa herd of antelopes3. unfailing supportproactive fiscal policymake effective use of overseas resources4. make a phone calltake a taxiknit a woolen sweaterfetch waterplay basketballspray insecticide5. basic wagecapital constructionessential commodityprimary industryfundamental interest三、翻译下列句子，注意画线词语的理解1. The two leaders exchanged views on bilateral relations and issues of common concern2. Party members should listen carefully to the opinions of the general public.3. They offered some suggestions for the revision of the plan.4. Everyone complained against such a practice.5. They had a dispute at the meeting.6. You should follow the doctor's advice.7. They reached a consensus on this issue.8. There is still some unfinished business to settle.9. We have consulted him about the matter.10. Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now第二节翻译中的选词一、翻译下列各句，注意词的选择和搭配。
How to explain that I was not a proud owner seeking admiration for his vehicle, but a tourist who had broken down如何解释,我不是一个骄傲的主人寻求佩服他的汽车,但游客坏了吗Special equipment assures that the computers will not be disturbed by power interruptions that last less than two hours.特种设备确保计算机就不会被打断,力量持续不到两个小时。
It is actually very, very old and was not always as beautiful as it is now. It is not certain how the Earth began. Probably it began as a huge globe of gas and dust. The globe became smaller and denser. Today the outer layer or crust is cool and hard,它实际上是非常非常老的,并不总是像现在这样美丽。
这都是不确定的地球就开始了。
可能起源于一个由气体和尘埃组成的庞大球体。
地球变得更小且致密。
今天的外层或地壳是凉爽且硬,It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, not horror, nor any of the other emotions that she had been prepared for.那表情不是生气，不是惊讶，不是不满，不是嫌恶，也不是她原先准备应付的任务一种感情。
Modern geology has for its aim the deciphering of the whole evolution of the earth from the time of the earlier records that can be recognized in the rocks to the present day.当代地质解释为其目标的整体演化的地球早期的时间记录,可以识别岩石到当代。
《新英汉翻译教程》章课后答案How to explain that I was not a proud owner seeking admiration for his vehicle, but a tourist who had broken down 如何解释,我不是一个骄傲的主人寻求佩服他的汽车,但游客坏了吗Special equipment assures that the computers will not be disturbed by power interruptions that last less than two hours.特种设备确保计算机就不会被打断,力量持续不到两个小时。
It is actually very, very old and was not always as beautiful as it is now. It is not certain how the Earth began. Probably it began as a huge globe of gas and dust. The globe became smaller and denser. Today the outer layer or crust is cool and hard, 它实际上是非常非常老的,并不总是像现在这样美丽。
这都是不确定的地球就开始了。
可能起源于一个由气体和尘埃组成的庞大球体。
地球变得更小且致密。
今天的外层或地壳是凉爽且硬,It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, not horror, nor any of the other emotions that she had been prepared for.那表情不是生气，不是惊讶，不是不满，不是嫌恶，也不是她原先准备应付的任务一种感情。
Modern geology has for its aim the deciphering of the whole evolution of the earth from the time of the earlier records that can be recognized in the rocks to the present day.当代地质解释为其目标的整体演化的地球早期的时间记录,可以识别岩石到当代。
郭著章、李庆⽣《英汉互译实⽤教程》（第3版）课后习题及详解-第3、4章【圣才出品】第3章翻译常⽤的⼋种技巧⼀、翻译下列各段。
注意翻译术语的适当运⽤，尤其是有关翻译技巧的定义1. There are in the main eight techniques and principles in translation, either from English into Chinese or from Chinese into English. They are: diction, amplification, omission, conversion, inversion, negation, division and repetition.【答案】不管是英译汉还是汉译英，主要有⼋条翻译技巧(和原则)，即选词⽤字法，增译法，减译法，词类转移法，词序调整法，正说反译法、反说正译法，分译法和重译法。
2. By “diction” we mean proper “choice of words” in translation on the bas is of accurate comprehension of the original.【答案】所谓“选词⽤字法”，就是在正确理解原⽂的基础上适当地选择词语。
3. Repetition is useful chiefly for clearness, which is of course the first quality to be acquired in a discourse. Secondly, words are repeated also for the sake of emphasis or force, which is another important quality in expression. Lastly, repetition will give life to the discourse and make it more attractive.【答案】重译法之所以有⽤，第⼀是它可使译⽂明确(明确是衡量语⾔质量的第⼀个标准)；第⼆是为了强调，使语⾔有⼒(这是衡量语⾔质量的另⼀重要标准)；第三是为了使译⽂⽣动形象，引⼈⼈胜。
1. He wanted to learn, to know, to teach.【译文】他想学习，增长知识，也愿意把自己所学教给别人。
2. She is youngenough to get marrie d.【译文】她还年轻，可以结婚。
3. From thereI couldsee the wholevalley below, the fields, the river, and the villag e. It was all very beauti ful, and the sightof it filled me with longin g. (N.S. Momada y: The End of My Childh ood)【译文一】从那里，我可以看见下面的整个山谷，那田野、河流和村庄。
这一切非常美丽，见到后使我心里充满了渴望。
【译文二】从此望去，整个山谷一览无遗，田野、河流和村庄，美不胜收，使我心驰神往。
4〃W e have 365 days in a year.【译文】一年365天。
5〃He stoodup straig ht with arms folded, and laughe d at the cap hangin g thereon the pole.【译文】他交臂直立，笑看帽子挂在杆子上那个样子。
6〃Our son must go to school. He must breakout of the pot that holdsus in.【译文】我们的儿子一定要上学，一定要出人头地。
7〃Is the pressa greatpowerin your countr y?【译文】贵国新闻界有很大的影响（力）吗？8〃Brownmay say what he likes, but it is his wife who wearsthe trouse rs.【译文】布朗爱说什么就说什么，但当家作主的却是他老婆。
Chinese Translations of Texts A (Units 1-8)参考译文第一单元生活方式的改变课文A在美国，不少人对乡村生活怀有浪漫的情感。
许多居住在城镇的人梦想着自己办个农场，梦想着靠土地为生。
很少有人真去把梦想变为现实。
或许这也没有什么不好，因为，正如吉姆·多尔蒂当初开始其写作和农场经营双重生涯时所体验到的那样，农耕生活远非轻松自在。
但他写道，自己并不后悔，对自己作出的改变生活方式的决定仍热情不减。
多尔蒂先生创建自己的理想生活售姆·多尔蒂有两件事是我一直想做的——写作与务农。
如今我同时做着这两件事。
作为作家，我和E·B·怀特不属同一等级，作为农场主，我和乡邻也不是同一类人，不过我应付得还行。
在城市以及郊区历经多年的怅惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪终于在这里的乡村寻觅到心灵的满足。
这是一种自力更生的生活。
我们食用的果蔬几乎都是自己种的。
自家饲养的鸡提供鸡蛋，每星期还能剩余几十个出售。
自家养殖的蜜蜂提供蜂蜜，我们还自己动手砍柴，足可供过冬取暖之用。
这也是一种令人满足的生活。
夏日里我们在河上荡舟，在林子里野餐，骑着自行车长时间漫游。
冬日里我们滑雪溜冰。
我们为落日的余辉而激动。
我们爱闻大地回暖的气息，爱听牛群哞叫。
我们守着看鹰儿飞过上空，看玉米田间鹿群嬉跃。
但如此美妙的生活有时会变得相当艰苦。
就在三个月前，气温降到华氏零下30度，我们辛苦劳作了整整两天，用一个雪橇沿着河边拖运木柴。
再过三个月，气温会升到95度，我们就要给玉米松土，在草莓地除草，还要宰杀家禽。
前一阵子我和桑迪不得不翻修后屋顶。
过些时候，四个孩子中的两个小的，16岁的吉米和13岁的埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修葺一下，那是专为室外干活修建的。
这个月晚些时候，我们要给果树喷洒药水，要油漆谷仓，要给菜园播种，要赶在新的小鸡运到之前清扫鸡舍。
在这些活计之间，我每周要抽空花五、六十个小时，不是打字撰文，就是为作为自由撰稿人投给报刊的文章进行采访。
I suppose that if a man has a confused mind he will write in a confused way, if his temper is capricious his prose will be fantastical, and if he has a quick, darting intelligence that is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and simile.我认为,如果一个人思路不清,他写文章也困惑,如果他喜怒无常的文章就会荒诞不经;如果他思想敏捷,智能,由眼前的事情,他将一百件事情,除非他有很大的自我控制、负荷在文章中隐喻和明喻。
I sincerely hope that your congratulations will be matched by your collective endeavour to seek a just and practical solution to the problem which has bedeviled the United Nations for so many years.我真诚地希望你的祝贺将相媲美的集体努力追求公正和实际解决问题的困扰,联合国已经多年了。
Culture to him, as to the Orientals, with whom he lived so much and sympathized so deeply, was an affair of the spirit and of mind not to be measured by material progress, or, even by the arts.文化,在东方人,和他一起住这么多,深深同情的事情,是灵,可以不可以通过衡量物质进步、或,即使是艺术。
With Asia s economic meltdown rattling the Beijing leadership, Zhu and his colleagues now have a powerful argument that China must get its own house in order to prevent meddling by the International Monetary Fund or other outsiders. (China: Zhu is Taking a Broom to the Bureaucrats与亚洲经济危机年代震动了北京的领导下,朱和他的同事们现在有一个强有力的论点,中国必须得到它的自己的房子为了防止干涉国际货币基金组织或其他外人。
(中国:朱正在一个扫帚官僚擅权that woman walks the streets.那个妇女常在那些街上走Bill is taking his bird to the pictures tonight.比尔今晚带着他的女朋友去看电影。
He is not so ill but that he can come to school.他还没有病到不能上学的地步。
精品She is at home in English她在家里用英语He and he alone could control the situation他和他一个人能控制局势It is raining cats and dogs outside !看看外面，是猫狗大战，还是瓢泼大雨It is not half bad for a beginner.这是不错的一个初学者。
Don t make light of their design.不要让光的设计。
He is a foreign-language student他是一个外语的学生I came to the university this day 25 years ago.我来到大学25年前这一天。
We ll be there this time next month.我们会有下个月这个时候。
I m something of a carpenter我能做些木匠活Xiao Gao is anything of a gentleman小高有一点君子风度He is nothing of a musician.没有任何一位音乐家。
We sang the old year out and the New Year in.精品我们唱了旧的一年,新的一年。
That region was the most identifiable trouble spot.那个地区是个麻烦的地方，这是大家都容易看得出来的。
I closed my eyes and said a prayer of thanks before putting the car in gear and returning to the highway.我闭上眼睛,说一个祈祷感谢前先把汽车齿轮,并回到高速公路。
The station chief would have to be close to the director, a member of the inner circle.这位站长将得不接近董事，因为董事是核心集团成员。
This place is really beautiful, and many people bring their wives and families out here to live .这个地方真的很美丽，许多人都带自己的妻子和家庭到这里居住。
The music world and the world at large became poorer places on April 8, when Marian Anderson, the greatest alto from Philadelphia, died at 96.音乐世界和世界贫穷地区大型成为今年4月8日,玛丽安·安德森,最大的女低音来自费城逝世,享年96。
This preface must necessarily by short and modest, for I cannot claim to be an expert in painting, merely an ardent lover of the art这篇前言就必须由短和谦虚,因为我不能声称自己是一位专家在绘画中,仅仅是一个虔诚的情人的艺术He accomplished this by getting rid of the irons with which his wrists and ankles were shackled, cutting through a double grille of oak and iron bars, descending twenty-five feet bya knotted sheet and blanket, and climbing a 22-foot wall.他完成了这个摆脱了总与手腕和脚踝被禁锢,穿过一间双人格栅的橡木和铁棍、降二十五呎一床单和毯子把命中22英尺,攀爬墙。
A quarter of century ago the General Assembly and the Security Council symbolized, especially for the small countries, the supreme guarantee of a new international order based onpeace and justice一个世纪前季度大会和安全理事会标志,尤其是对小国,最高保证建立国际新秩序的建立在和平和正义This man fished alone in a small boat; just like the protagonist of Ernest Hemingway s the Old Man and the Sea, and endured a struggle just as epic, but lost the battle and his life 这个人独自一人呆在一只小船上钓鱼,就像海明威年代的主角《老人与海》,经历了一个斗争,但就像史诗落败和他的生命•she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood, wrapped up, at her window, with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn.她度过了一个不眠之夜，于是很早起身，披衣凝立窗前。
晨风习习，拂面微凉，她注视着那天的黎明。
•she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood, wrapped up, at her window, with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn.精品她度过了一个不眠之夜，次日很早起身，披衣凝立窗前，在拂面的习习晨风中，注视天色破晓。
Failure to greet a person you recognize or to answer a greeting given to you is an unkindness to the other person, and very bad manners.问候一个人失败你承认或回答祝福给你们是一个不善让给别人,也可以做很坏的礼仪•It was a keen disappointment when I had to postpone the visit which I intended to pay to China in January .译文）我原本打算元月份要访问中国，后来不得不推迟，这使我非常失望•It was a keen disappointment when I had to postpone the visit which I intended to pay to China in January .我原打算一月访问中国，后来不得不推迟，这令我异常失望。
