说开卷有益(郁达夫)翻译
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说开卷有益1
郁达夫
开卷有益，是古人奖励读书2的一句成语。
从前读到一册坏书，读后每觉得为古人所欺3；现在多了一点智识，反过来又觉得古人的不欺我了4。
总之，好书读了，原有所得，就是可以知道它的好处在哪里。
可是坏书读了，而知道它的坏的原因与地方5，岂不也是一得？从前孔子6说的“三人行，必有我师”之意，也不一定是从正的一方面着想，反过来在负的一方面，也何尝不可以为鉴戒7。
因此，从前是非有定评之书不读的，现在却马勃牛溲8，一例的都想看看了，这大约总也是一种进步的现象9。
注释：
1.“开卷有益”可以直译为Open a book and you will be benefited. 但译为Reading is always beneficial ( profitable) 简洁明快。
2.奖励读书指"鼓励读书" to urge (encourage) people to do more reading (to read more books)。
3.为古人所欺意为"被古人愚弄或欺骗", 现按"被古人误导"之意译为misleading me。
4."现在多了一点智识,反过来又觉得古人的不欺我了." 译为Now I know better than to do that，know better than…是习惯搭配,意为"明事理而不致于……","有头脑而不致于……"。
to do that 指to blame the ancients for misleading me...
5."知道它坏的原因与地方"也可译为to know why it is bad and what makes it so bad, 但不如to know all the whys and wherefores of its being bad,其中the whys and wherefores是成语,意为"原因和理由".
6.孔子Confucius
7."可以为鉴戒"意为"可以使人警惕","可作为教训"，译为to serve as a warning (a lesson)。
8."马勃牛溲"中的"马勃"指一种菌类, "牛溲"意同"牛尿",比喻无用之物.所以可按"现在不管书的好歹,什么都想读了"译为people nowadays have taken to reading whatever books they are, trashy or not...。
9."一种进步的现象"可理解为"表示一种社会进步"而译为an indication of social progress.
On "Reading Is Always Beneficial"
"Reading is always beneficial" is an old idiom first used by our ancients to urge people to do more reading. I used to blame the ancients for misleading me whenever I finished reading a bad book. Now I know better than to do that. Of course we profit from a good book because, by reading it, we know why it is good. But, on the other hand, after reading a bad book, we know all the whys and wherefores of its being bad. Isn't that something of benefit to us too? Confucius says, "When three walk together, there must be one who can be my teacher." However, it does not necessarily follow that one of the three is always a teacher by positive example; on the contrary, he could be a teacher by negative example for us to take warning from. Therefore, that people nowadays have taken to reading whatever books they like, trashy or not, including those already generally judged to be good or bad, is probably an indication of social progress.。
