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课文翻译(Translation of the text)第一课超级摇滚巨星—关于我们自己和我们的社会，他们告诉我们些什么？摇滚乐是青少年反叛的音乐。
一一摇滚乐评论家约翰•罗克韦尔由其崇拜的人即可知其人。
——小说家罗伯特•佩恩•沃伦1972年6月中旬的一天，芝加哥圆形露天剧场里观众如潮，群情激昂，狂摇猛摆。
台上，滚石乐队的米克•贾格尔正在演唱“午夜漫步人”。
演唱结束时评论家唐•赫克曼在现场。
他说：“贾格尔抓起一个装有半加伦水的罐子沿着舞台前沿跑动，把里面的水往前几排狂热的听众身上洒。
他们蜂拥地跟随他，热切地希望能淋上几滴这洗礼的圣水。
”1973年12月下旬的一天，大约一万四千名尖声叫喊的歌迷在华盛顿市外的首都中心剧场嘈杂地涌向台前。
美国的恐怖歌星艾利斯•库珀正要结束自己表演。
他借助断头台假装结束自己生命来结束表演。
他的“头”落人一个草篮中。
“啊！” 一个穿黑衣服的女孩惊呼道,“啊，太了不起了！”十四岁的迈克•玻利也在场，但他的父母并不在。
“他们觉得他令人恶心，”迈克说，“他们对我说，'你怎么能忍受那种东西？1974年1月下旬的一天，在纽约州尤宁代尔的拿骚体育馆里，鲍勃•狄伦和乐队正在为音乐会上用的乐器调音。
场外瓢泼大雨中，摇滚乐迷克利斯•辛格正等着入场。
“这是朝圣，”克利斯说，“我应该跪着爬进去。
”你是如何看待所有这些溢美之词与英雄崇拜？当米克•贾格尔迷们把他视为至高的神父或神明时，你是赞成他们还是反对他们？你和克利斯•辛格一样对鲍勃•狄伦怀有几乎是宗教般的崇敬吗？你认为他或狄伦步入歧途了吗？你是否嫌艾利斯•库珀表演恶心而不接受他？还是你莫名其妙地被这个怪异的小丑吸引，因为他表现了你最疯狂的幻想？这并非是些随便问问的问题。
有些社会学家认为，你对这些问题的回答，很能说明你在想些什么，社会在想些什么。
换句话说，可以说明你和社会的态度。
“音乐表现其时代，”社会学家欧文•霍洛威茨说。
霍洛威茨把摇滚乐的舞台视为一个辩论的论坛，一个各种思想交锋的场所。
高级阅读散文中文翻译重返湖畔 E.B.怀特那年夏天，一九零四年左右吧，我父亲在缅因州某个湖畔租了一处营地，带全家去那里度过了八月。
我们全都因为几只猫而传染上了癣症，不得不早晚往胳膊和腿上涂旁氏浸膏，我父亲则和衣睡在小划子里；但除此之外，那个假期过得很好，从那时起，我们就都认为缅因州的那个湖是世上独一无二的地方。
我们年复一年去消夏，总是八月一日去，过上一个月。
后来，我就成了个水手，但是在夏季的某些日子，潮汐的涨落、海水那令人生畏的冰凉还有从下午一直吹到晚上的风，让我向往起林间湖泊的那种宁静。
几周前，这种感觉变得如此强烈，以至于我买了一对钓鲈鱼的鱼钩和一个旋式鱼饵，又回到我们以前常去的那个湖钓了一周的鱼，算是一次旧地重游吧。
我带上了儿子，他从未亲近过湖水，只是从火车窗口里看到过荷花。
在去湖边的路上，我开始想象它会是什么样，想知道时光会怎样损害这个独特的神圣地点??小湾，溪流，太阳落下的山谷，营房和它后面的小路。
我确信能找到那条柏油路，但是想知道它会以别的什么方式荒凉着。
奇怪的是，一旦让自己的思路回到通往过去的老路上，关于老地方，能记起那么多事。
你记起了一件事，突然又想到另外一件事。
我想我记得最清楚的是清晨，当时湖水清凉，水波不兴。
还记起卧室里有建房所用圆木的味道，还有透过纱窗的潮湿树林的味道。
营房的隔板不厚，而且没有一直接到房顶，由于我总是第一个起床，我会悄悄穿好衣服，以免吵醒其他人，然后溜到宜人的户外，驾起一只小划子，一直紧挨着岸边在松树长长的树影下航行。
我记得我非常小心，从来没把桨擦着舷边划，怕的是打扰那种教堂般的宁静。
那个湖从来不该被称为渺无人迹的。
湖畔上零星点缀着一处处小屋，这个湖位于以农为业的乡村，然而湖畔林木颇为繁茂。
有些小屋为附近的农人所有，你可以住在湖畔，在农舍用餐，我们家就是那么做的。
尽管不算偏僻，它仍是一个相当大、相当宁静的湖，其中有些地方至少在小孩看来，似乎无穷遥远和原始。
关于柏油路我猜对了：它一直通到离湖畔半英里的地方，但是当我带着儿子回到那里，当我们在一座农舍附近的小屋里安顿下来，进入我所了解的那种夏季时，我可以说它与旧日了无差别。
翻译资格高级笔译经典译文Moonlight over the Lotus PondZhu ZiqingIt has been rather disquieting these (lays. Tonight, when 1 Was sitting in the yard enjoying the cool, it occurred to me that the Lotus Pond, which I pass by every day, must assume quite a different look in such moonlit night. A full moon was rising high in the sky; the laughter of children playing outside had died away; in the morn, my wife was patting the son, Run-er, sleepily humming a cradle song. Shrugging on an overcoat, quietly, 1 made my way out, closing the door behind me.Alongside the Lotus Pond nuns a small cinder footpath. It is peaceful and secluded here, a place not frequented by pedestrians evenin the daytime; now at night, it looks mare solitary, in a lush, shady ambience of trees all around the pond. On the side where the path is, there are willows, interlaced with some others whose names I do not know. The foliage, which, in a moonless night, would loom somewhatfrighteningly dark, looks very nice tonight, although the moonlight is not more than a thin, grayish veil.I am on my own, strolling, hands behind my back. This bit of the universe seems in my possession now; and I myself seem to have been uplifted from my ordinary self into another world. 1 like a serene and peaceful life, as much as a busy and active one; I like being in solitude, as much as in company. As it is tonight, basking in a misty moonshine all by myself, I feel I am a free man, free to think of anything, or of nothing. All that one is obliged to do, or to say, inthe daytime, can be very well cast aside now. That is the beauty ofbeing alone. For the moment, just let me indulge in this profusion of moonlight and lotus fragrance.荷塘月色朱自清这几天心里颇不宁睁。
Unit OneSection AThe Green Banana 参考译文青香蕉[1] 我与青香蕉的邂逅始于巴西内地一条陡峭的山路上，尽管这样的事也可能发生在其它任何地方。
正当我的老掉牙的吉普车吃力地爬着坡，穿过风景迷人的乡野时，车子散热器开始漏水了，而那里距最近的修理铺有十英里路。
发动机温度太高，逼得我在下一个村庄边把车停下。
村里有一家小店和零散的一些房屋。
人们过来围观。
三股细细的热水从散热器外壳的漏洞喷出。
“这好修理，”一个男人说。
他叫一男孩跑去拿几根青香蕉来。
这人拍着我的肩膀要我相信一切都会解决的。
“青香蕉，”他微笑着说。
周围的人表示赞同。
[2] 我们互相寒暄的同时，我琢磨着青香蕉能会有什么用。
要是追问的话就显得我无知。
所以我就评论起这一带的美景了。
巨大的岩石构造像里约热内卢的糖塔山一样耸立在我们的周围。
“你看见那边那块高高的岩石了吗？”这位要帮我忙的男人指着一座细长高耸的黑色岩块的尖顶问道。
“那块岩石标志着世界的中心。
”[3] 我看着他，想知道他是否在开我玩笑，但他满脸严肃的表情。
这时他也仔细地盯着我，看我是否理解了他那话的含义。
此时此刻需要我做出认可的表示。
“世界的中心？”我重复着。
尽管我不是全然相信，仍竭力表示出我很感兴趣。
他点点头，“绝对是中心。
这一带，人人皆知。
”[4] 这时一个男孩拿着为我摘的青香蕉回来了。
那个人把香蕉掰成两半，把断面压在散热器的外壳上。
香蕉碰在热金属上后，化成了胶状物，立即就把漏洞堵住了。
所有人都被我惊讶的神态逗乐了。
他们重新灌满了我的散热器，并给我了一些备用的香蕉带上。
路上我又用青香蕉堵了一次。
一小时后，我和我的散热器到达了目的地。
当地的机修工笑着对我说：“谁教你用青香蕉的？”我说出了那个村子。
”“他们让你看标志着世界中心的那块岩石了吗？”他问道。
我作了肯定的回答。
“我的爷爷是那儿人。
”他说，“那儿是正中心，这一带的所有人都知道。
”[5] 作为美国高等教育的产物，我还从未对青香蕉发生过一丁点儿兴趣，只不过把它作为一种成熟时机未到的水果。
高级英语第二期翻译练习参考译文OneFrom here, the train is to climb up onto the overpass and wobble its way through this dirty and messy block. Looking downward, in the window of a certain extremely dilapidated building, passengers may see by chance some mysterious-looking Orientals dressed in Japanese-style dark suits practicing karate. Looking further downward, they may spot an old black woman, wearing a dirty flowery skirt, with a big plastic bag in her hands, struggling to catch her breath as she totters along on fat legs swollen with gout. Should a passenger happen to be in a dreamy and imaginative mood, he might think he has blundered into Hollywood where a crime movie is just being photographed.很多人拥有获得幸福的全部物质条件，即健康的身体和丰足的收入，但他们却非常不快乐。
如此说来，错误似乎是出在了生活的理论上。
在某种意义上，我们可以说任何关于生活的理论都是不正确的。
我们和动物的区别并没有我们想象的那么大。
动物是凭本能生活的，只要客观条件有利，它们就会快乐。
翻译会·高级翻译能力培训散文翻译原文及译文（四）学问与趣味梁实秋前辈的学者常以学问的趣味启迪后生，因为他们自己实在是得到了学问的趣味，故不惜现身说法，诱导后学(1)，使他们也在愉快的心情之下走进学问的大门(2)。
例如，瘐任公先生就说过(3)：“我是个主张趣味主义(4)的人，倘若用化学化分‘梁启超’这件东西(5)，把里头所含一种原素名叫‘趣味’的抽出来，只怕所剩下的仅有个零了。
”任公先生注重趣味，学问甚是渊博，而并不存有任何外在的动机，只是“无所为而为”(6)，故能有他那样的成就。
一个人在学问上果能感觉到趣味，有时真会像是着了魔一般(7)，真能废寝忘食，真能不知老之将至，苦苦钻研，锲而不舍，在学问上焉能不有收获？不过我尝想，以任公先生而论，他后期的著述如历史研究法，先秦政治思想史，以及有关墨子佛学陶渊明的作品，都可说是他的一点“趣味”在驱使着他，可是在他在年青的时候，从师受业，诵读典籍(8)，那时节也全然是趣味么？作八股文，作试帖诗(9)，莫非也是趣味么？我想未必。
大概趣味云云，是指年长之后自动作学问之时(10)而言，在年青时候为学问打根底之际恐怕不能过分重视趣味。
学问没有根底，趣味也很难滋生。
任公先生的学问之所以那样的博大精深，涉笔成趣，左右逢源，不能不说的一大部分得力于他的学问根底之打得坚固。
Learning and Personal InclinationLiang ShiqiuScholars of the older generation often urge young people to develop interest in learning because they themselves have been enjoying the real pleasure of academic studies.And they are ever ready to cite their own example by way of advice,in hopesof enabling young people to gain access to scholarship in an enjoyable way.For example,the distinguished scholar Liang Qichao once said wittily,“I always stand for interest-ism.If you broke down Liang Qichao’s stuff into its component parts,there would be nothing left except an element named‘interest’.”Mr.Liang was a man of profound learning who attached much importance to interest.He attained great academic success because he pursued scholarly study solely for its own sake,without any ulterior motive.A man who is really interested in learning sometimes does act like one possessed.He forgets his approaching old age and works hard even to the neglect of his meals and sleep.Isn’t it but natural for a man of such devotion to have great scholarly achievements?But,though Mr.Liang’s later works,such as those on method of historical studies,political and ideological history of the pre-Qin days,as well as those on Mohism,Buddhism and Tao Yuanming,were motivated by his personal inclination,can the same be said of his younger days when he was a pupil chanting ancient Chinese books under a private tutor?Was he motivated by his personal inclination while learning to write stereotyped essays and poems prescribed for the imperials civil service examinations?No,I think not.Generally speaking,the so-called interest begins to exist only when one is mature enough to engage in independent studies.It is improper,I am afraid,for young people to overstress the importance of interest while they are still in the period of learning the basics of knowledge.Interest will never develop where no solid foundation has been laid for learning.There is no denying the fact that Mr.Liang owed his wide erudition and unusual literary talent,for the most part,to his good grasp of foundation knowledge.我尝见许多年青的朋友，聪明用功，成绩优异，而语文程度不足以达意，甚至写一封信亦难得通顺，问其故则曰其兴趣不在语文方面。
翻译会·高级翻译能力培训散文翻译原文及译文（五）母亲的回忆朱德得到母亲去世的消息，我很悲痛。
我爱我母亲，特别是她勤劳一生，很多事情是值得我永远回忆的。
Loving Memories of MotherZhu DeI was deeply grieved to learn of mother’s death.I love my mother.Of her hardworking life,in particular,a great many things will forever be cherished in my memory.我家是佃农，祖籍广东韶关籍人，在“湖广填四川”(1)时迁移四川仪陇县马鞍场。
世代为地主耕种，家境是贫苦的(2)，和我们来往的朋友也都是老老实实的贫苦农民。
I come from a tenant farmer’s family.My original family home was Shao Guan, Guangdong Province,into which my ancestors had moved from another province as settlers.During the mass migration of peasants from Huguang to Sichuan Province, my ancestors moved to Ma An Chang,Yi Long County,Sichuan.From generation to generation,they tilled land for landlord only to eke out a bare subsistence.People who associated with them as friends were likewise honest impoverished peasants.母亲一共生了十三个儿女，因为家境贫穷，无法全部养活，只留下八个，以后再生下的被迫溺死了。
文学英译汉（哲理类散文）What is leadership?Its qualities are difficult to define. But they are not so difficult to identify.什么是领导（力）？领导应具备什么样的素质，这很难精确地解说，但辨认直陈却也不难。
Leaders don’t force other people to go along with them. They bring them along. Leaders get commitment from others by giving it themselves, by building an environment that encourages creativity, and by operating with honesty and fairness.领导者不强制别人与自己协调一致，而是帮助他们跟上。
领导者让别人承担义务，首先自己承担义务，造成一种能鼓励创造的环境，待人诚恳，处事公正。
Good leaders aren’t lone rangers. They recognize that an organization’s strategies for success require the combined talents and efforts of many people. Leadership is the catalyst for transforming those talents into result.好的领导者不是独行侠。
他们认识到一个组织要获得成功，其方针在于把许多人的才能和力量集中起来。
领导艺术是一种催化剂，把众人的才智转化成业绩。
Successful leaders are emotionally and intellectually oriented to the future-not wedded to the past. They have a hunger to take responsibility, to innovate, and to initiate. They are not content with merely taking care of what’s already there. They want to move forward to create something new.成功的领导者，无论是在感情上还是在理智上都着眼于未来，而不是眷恋过去。
高级翻译能力培训·高译教育翻译会散文翻译原文及译文（一）吹牛是一种夸大狂，在道德家看来，也许认为是缺点①，可是在处世接物上却是一种刮刮叫的妙用②。
假使你这一生缺少了吹牛的本领，别说好饭碗找不到，便连黄包车夫也不放你在眼里的。
西洋人究竟近乎白痴③，什么事都只讲究脚踏实地去作，这样费力气的勾当，我们聪明的中国人④，简直连牙齿都要笑掉了。
西洋人什么事都讲究按部就班的慢慢来，从来没有平地登天的捷径，而我们中国人专门走捷径，而走捷径的第一个法门，就是善吹牛。
吹牛是一件不可看轻的艺术，就如修辞学上不可缺少“张喻”一类的东西一样。
像李太白什么⑤“黄河之水天上来”，又是什么“白发三千丈”，这在修辞学上就叫作“张喻”，而在不懂修辞学的人看来，就觉得李太白在吹牛了。
而且实际上说来，吹牛对于一个人的确有极大的妙用。
人类这个东西，就有这么奇怪，无论什么事，你若老老实实的把实话告诉他，不但不能激起他共鸣的情绪⑥，而且还要轻蔑你冷笑你，假使你见了那摸不清你根底的人，你不管你家里早饭的米是当了被褥换来的⑦，你只要大言不惭的说“某部长是我父亲的好朋友，某政客是我拜把子的叔公，我认得某某巨商，我的太太同某军阀的第五位太太是干姐妹”，吹起这一套法螺来，那摸不清你的人，便贴贴服服的向你合十顶礼，说不定碰得巧还恭而且敬的请你大吃一顿燕菜席呢⑧！吹牛有了如许的好处，于是无论那一类的人，都各尽其力的大吹其牛了。
但是且慢！吹牛也要认清对手方面的。
不然的话必难打动他或她的心弦，那么就失掉吹牛的功效了。
比如说你见了一个仰慕文人的无名作家或学生时，而你自己要自充老前辈时，你不用说别的，只要说胡适是我极熟的朋友，郁达夫是我最好的知己⑨，最妙你再转弯抹角的去探听一些关于胡适郁达夫琐碎的佚事，比如说胡适最喜听什么，郁达夫最讨厌什么，于是便可以亲亲切切的叫着“适之怎样怎样，达夫怎样怎样”，这样一来，你便也就成了胡适郁达夫同等的人物，而被人所尊敬了。
如果你遇见一个好虚荣的女子呢，你就可以说你周游过列国，到过土耳其南非洲！并且还是自费去的⑩，这样一来就可以证明你不但学识阅历丰富，并且还是资产阶级⑪。
于是乎你的恋爱便立刻成功了⑫。
他如遇见商贾、官僚、政客、军阀，都不妨察言观色⑬，投其所好，大吹而特吹之，总而言之，好色者以色吹之，好利者以利吹之，好名者以名吹之，好权势者以权势吹之，此所谓以毒攻毒之法，无往而不利。
或曰吹牛妙用虽大，但也要善吹，否则揭穿西洋镜，便没有戏可唱了。
这当然是实话，并且吹牛也要有相当的训练，第一要不红脸，你虽从来没有著过一本半本的书，但不妨咬紧牙根⑭说：“我的著作等身，只可恨被一把野火烧掉了！”你家里因为要请几个漂亮的客人吃饭，现买了一副碗碟，你便可以说：“这些东西十年前就有了，”以表示你并不因为请客受窘⑮。
假如你荷包里只剩下一块大洋⑯，朋友要邀你坐下来入圈，你就可以说：“我的钱都放在银行里，今天竟匀不出工夫去取！”假如那天你的太太感觉你没多大出息⑰时，你就可以说张家大小姐说我的诗作的好，王家少奶奶说我脸子漂亮而有丈夫气，这样一来太太便立刻加倍的爱你了。
这一些吹牛经，说不胜说。
The Wonderful Use of BoastingBoasting is a kind of megalomania.Though moralists may call it a human failing,it does,however,serve extremely useful purposes in social intercourse.Without the capability for boasting,you will be looked down upon by even a rickshaw puller,to say nothing of finding a good job. Because of their earnest and down-to-earth approach to work,Westernersare,in the eyes of Chinese smarties,next door to idiotic.They are being laughed at by Chinese smarties for the tremendous amount of energy they put into their activities.While Westerners go about whatever work they do methodically and patiently,never dreaming of reaching great heights in one step,we Chinese are always given to seeking a shortcut and regard the ability to boast as the master key to it.Boasting is an essential art of life just as hyperbole is an indispensable rhetorical figure.The Tang poet Li Bai's famous lines"The Yellow River comes from the sky"and"My white hair of thirty thousand feet"are examples of hyperbole,which,to those who know little about the art of rhetoric,may sound like a gross exaggeration on the part of the poet.That boasting is of extremely great use to one is beyond doubt.Man is a queer animal.Suppose you tell someone the plain truth about a certain matter without holding anything back,he will probably laugh at you scornfully instead of returning a congenial response.On the other hand, suppose,penniless as you are,you brag unabashedly to somebody who knows little about you,"Minister So-and-So is a good friend of my father's," "Politician So-and-So is my grandpa's sworn brother,""I know a certain business tycoon very well,"or"My wife is a nominally adoptive sister of a certain warlord's fifth concubine."The listener will adore you like a deity or may even,at an opportune moment,respectfully treat you to a big dinner featuring edible bird's nest!People of every description,being aware of the usefulness of boasting, are doing all they can to put it into practice.But wait a minute!You' ve got to know enough about the person you are boasting to.Otherwise,you'll make a bungle of it and fail to touch a chord in his or her heart. Suppose you meet an unknown writer or a young student who worships men of letters and you want to pretend to be a senior,all you have to say is that Hu Shih is a close friend of yours or that Yu Dafu is your second self.And,what is better,you can try to find out by a roundabout way some trifling personal anecdotes about the two celebrities,such as what Hu Shih best likes to know and what Yu Dafu strongly dislikes,so that you can refer to them affectionately by their first names.Consequently, you'll end up becoming a personage on a par with both of them,and enjoying the respect of all.When you meet a girl who is vain,just tell her that you have toured to various countries,such as Turkey and South Africa,...and at your own expense into the bargain!That suffices to prove you are not only a man of much learning and experience but also well-to-do.And you will thereby win her heart instantly.When you meet a businessman,bureaucrat,politician or warlord,you can, after gathering each and every mood of them,start boasting wildly to cater to their likes.To sum up,you should brag about women to those who are fond of women,about money to those who are money-mad,about fame to those who are desirous of personal fame,and about power to those who hanker after a position of great influence.Like combating poison with poison, this trick will always work wonders.Yes,bragging is of great use,but you need to be very skillful in the performance of it,otherwise you'll give away the show and end up in a complete fiasco.And to be good at bragging,you also need a considerable amount oftraining.You should first of all be thick-skinned.For instance,although you have never authored a single book,you can nevertheless brazenly declare,"I've published a great many books,but unfortunately they've all been destroyed by a big fire!"When you are entertaining some stylish guests at dinner,you can,for appearances'sake,refer to the table set you have just bought for the occasion by saying,"We've been using it for as long as ten years."When your friends invite you to join them in a mahjong game,you,though worth only one silver dollar in your pocket, can tell them,"All my money is in a bank.I've no time today to go there to draw money."If your wife happens to complain you're sort of good for nothing,you can tell her that the eldest daughter of a certain Zhang family has been admiring you for the excellent poems you write and the daughter-in-law of a certain Wang family has been admiring you for being handsome and manly.That will make your wife instantly redouble her love for you.I could thus go on and on enumerating various manifestations of self-praise!。
