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高考英语代词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)

高考英语代词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
高考英语代词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)

高考英语代词常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)

一、单项选择代词

1.On average, the footprints discovered are 14 to 18 inches long, 5-9 inches wide and much larger than _____ of a human.

A.that B.ones C.those D.one

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:通常来说,被发现的长达14到18英寸,5到9英寸宽的脚印比人类的脚印要大得多。A. that特指代指前文的可数名词单数或是不可数名词, B. ones泛指,代替前文出现的可数名词复数, C. those特指,代替前文出现的同一个可数名词复数, D. one 泛指可数名词单数。这句话里those代指footprints。故选C。

考点:考查代词的用法。

2.A child should be receiving either meat or eggs daily, preferably ______.

A.neither B.none

C.either D.both

【答案】D

【解析】

考查代词。句意:孩子应该每日食用肉类或蛋类,最好两种都吃。A. neither两个都不;B. none没有人;一个也没有;没有任何东西;C. either两个中任意一个;D. both两个都。根据语境判断是“两者都”,故选D。

3.The Olympic Games makes _____ possible for people to live side by side in peace.

A.this B.it C.that D.不填

【答案】B

【解析】

本题的含义是奥运会使人们能够和平的生活在一起成为可能,本题make后的真正宾语位于句尾用动词不定式,那么在英文中通常用形式宾语it来代替真正的主语,故本题选B。

4.Heading out on the waters in search of whales is a routine he does, and ________ that, as he hopes, won’t be lost if whale-watching goes the way of so many mass tourism attractions. A.which B.one C.it D.that

【答案】B

【解析】

考查代词。句意:在水中搜寻鲸鱼是他所做的一件日常工作,一个他希望不会丢失的日常工作,如果鲸鱼观察走的是这么多大众旅游景点的老路的话。此处代指他从事的在水中搜寻鲸鱼的工作,故选B.

5.Of those who are married,in more than 80 percent of cases,the wives' education background

is equal or higher than of their husbands.

A.it B.one C.that D.the one

【答案】C

【解析】

考查代词。句意:在已婚者中,80%以上的妻子受教育程度等于或高于丈夫。此处是代词that代替“education background”,that代指同类但不是同一个的事物,即同类异物。it是替代前面提到的同一事物。one是泛指,代替单数可数名词;the one是替代与前面提到的事物同一类的事物,代替单数可数名词,education background 是抽象名词,不能用the one 替代。故选C。

6.While e-book sales this year have declined, it is still important for us to remember that the figures are still higher than ______ five years ago.

A.one B.that

C.those D.they

【答案】C

【解析】句意:尽管今年电子书的销量已经下降,但是对于我们来说记住数字仍然高于五年前的销售量仍然很重要。这里用代词those指代上文出现过的可数名词复数figures,故选C。

【名师点睛】

代词that和those用法:

一、代词that 的用法:代词that 的指代为特指,并且我们通常归纳为“同物异指”,即代词that 指代的物体与前文中的物体是同样的名称,但是有不同的内涵,另外代词that 可以指代前文中的不可数名词,

The climate of Jilin is not so mild as that of Jiangsu. 吉林的气候不如江苏温和。

代词that 指代前文中climate,同样都是climate,前文中为吉林的气候,而后文中that 所指代的气候是江苏的气候,名称相同但内涵不一样,这就是所谓的“同物异指”。此处代词that 指代的climate 即为不可数名词。

◆代词that 与one 的区别:

that 指代可数名词单数或者不可数名词,为特指, that 代替可数名词单数时等同于

the one。 one 指代可数名词单数,为泛指。

The weather in Beijing in winter is colder than that of Shanghai. 北京的天气比上海的天气要冷。

As they are retired,Mr. and Mrs. Scot prefer a house in the country to one in a large city. 因为他们退休了,司各特先生和太太宁愿要一座农村里的房子也不愿要一座大城市里的房子。二、代词those 的用法

that 可代替不可数名词,也可代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词单数时等同于the one,表示特指意义; those 只能代替可数名词复数,等同于the ones。

The days in summer are longer than those in winter. 夏天要比冬天长一些。

此句中代词those 指代前文中的复数the days。

Despite the negative image of nuclear energy, actually its public safety risks are no greater than those of fossil fuels.

代词those 指代前文中的public safety risks,指代前文中的复数名词用those 符合题意,句子意思为:尽管核能的形象比较负面,但是实际上核能的公共安全危害性还不如矿物燃料的公共安全危害性大。

7.The foreign Minister said “ ________ that the two sides will work towards peace”.

A.It is no doubt B.There is our hope

C.There is no wonder D.It is our hope

【答案】D

【解析】

考查it作形式主语。句意:外交部长说:“我们的希望是双方朝着和平的方向发展”。通过分析句子结构,可知引号中的句子把主语从句放在句末,故前面需要 it作形式主语,构成it + 系动词 + 名词 + that从句结构。故选D.

8.“Made in China 2025” aims to transform China from a product-making factory into a product-making power, ______________ driven by innovation and emphasizing quality over quantity. A.the one that B.one that

C.one D.the one

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词的用法。句意:“2025中国制造”的目标是把中国从一个产品制造工厂变成一个产品制造大国,一个以创新为导向、强调质量而不是数量的大国。one表示泛指,相当于“a(an)+名词”,代替的是同类事物中的“一个”;that表示特指,相当于“the+名词”;代词one=a/ an +n,此处one=a product-making power;而________driven by innovation and emphasizes quality over quantity中driven by 只是一个非谓语短语(be driven by 被……驱使)作定语,因此不需要连词引导。所以排除A、 B。one表示泛指,相当于“the+名词”可以排除D。故选C。

9.He is a strict but kind teacher, is always trying to make his classes and interesting. A.one ; living B.one who; lively C.he ; lovely D.he who; live

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词,形容词和定语从句。句意:他是严格但善良的人,一个总是让课堂生动有趣的人。A. living活着的; B. lively生动的; C. lovely可爱的; D. live现场直播的。一空填one代替a teacher,且为先行词,在后面的定语从句中作主语,所以关系代词为who。第二空填lively“生动的”,符合句意。故选B。

10.I got them a grand piano because they like when I come home and play for them.A.one B.it

C.this D.that

【答案】B

【解析】考查it的用法。我给他们买来一架大钢琴,因为他们喜欢我回家的时候为他们演奏。此处it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面when引导的宾语从句。故选B。

【名师点睛】

英语中有些动词像like/dislike/hate/appreciate等后面的宾语从句通常用it做形式宾语,再跟when/if等引导的宾语从句。I hate it when talk with their mouth full of food.本题就是考查it的这种用法。我给他们买来一架大钢琴,因为他们喜欢我回家的时候为他们演奏。此处it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面when引导的宾语从句。故选B。

11.Li Hua’s parents hold different opinions on whether they should have ________ child. A.another B.other C.others D.the other

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:考查不定代词。句意:李华的父母在是否应该再有一个孩子的问题上持不同的看法。another指不定数目中的“另一个,又一个;other意思是“另外的,其他的”,修饰复数名词;others泛指“另外的人或物”;the other通常指两个中的“另一个”。根据句意,故选A。

考点:考查不定代词

12.—Which driver was to blame?

—Why, ________! It was the child’s fault. He suddenly came out between two parked cars. A.neither B.each C.either D.both

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:考查不定代词。问句问的是“是哪一个司机的错”,答语中后面一句说“很明显是那个孩子的错”,所以两个司机都没有责任,选neither,表示“两者之中任何一个都没有”。【知识拓展】

neither两者都不;both两个都;either两者之一;none三者或三者以上没有。

考点:考查不定代词

13.--Have you heard about Apple iPhone 6s?

--Sure.It is a hit these days.I am thinking about getting _____.

A.one B.them

C.that D.it

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:考查代词用法。one 是泛指,同名异物,相当于a/an + 名词;that 是特指,同名异物,相当于the + 名词;it 同名同物。句意:——你听说过苹果6s吗?——当然了,这些日子非常流行。我正考虑买一个呢。one在这里相当于an Apple iPhone 4,所以选A。考点:考查代词用法

14.Of all the books on the desk, ______ is of any use for our study.

A.nothing B.no one

C.neither D.none

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:前面的“all”提示我们“书不是两本,而是三本及其以上”,故排除C项(指两者都不)。none="none" of the books.“nothing(没有东西),no one (没有人)”均不符合句意。

考点:不定代词

15.To their great surprise, they found ________ in the meeting.

A.they were not understanding B.themselves not understood

C.they had not understood D.themselves not understanding

【答案】B

【解析】

B 考查语态。这里oneself和后面的动词是被动关系,所以应该用过去分词。find oneself done发现自己被……,故选B。

16.Don’t __ that all those who get good grad es in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.

A.take as granted B.take this for granted

C.take that for granted D.take it for granted

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:考查固定搭配和it用法。动词短语take sth for granted认为...理所当然;排除A 项。在英语中只有it可以作为形式宾语,本句中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的从句that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.句意:不要想当然地认为入学考试成绩好的那些人就会是最成功的。故D正确。

考点:考查固定搭配和it用法

17.Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my next birthday, ______ beyond my imagination. A.which B.that C.something D.the one

【答案】C

【解析】

考查同位语。something beyond my imagination 是 a nice gift 的同位语,补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句子中没有动词构成不了句子,所以which不能选。the one 指代与gift 是同一个东西的礼物,意思成了“出乎想象的已知的礼物”,与上文的 promised to buy 不符。句意:妈妈承诺我下个生日给我买一个超乎我的想象的好看的礼物。故选C。

18.I agree with most of what you said,but I don't agree with _____.

A.everything B.anything

C.something D.nothing

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:考查不定代词的用法。not everything意为“不是所有的”。句意“我同意你说的大部分,但不是所有的。”故选A。

考点:考查不定代词的用法

19.Which of the following sentences is WRONG?

A.There is no point in arguing with him further.

B.There is no need to worry about your son –he’s fine.

C.There is no doubt that we will finish all the work in two days.

D.There is a wonder that he remained alive after dropping form the tall building.

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查主语从句。句意:下列哪句话是错的。分析句子可知,D选项错误,正确的应该为:It is a wonder that he remained alive after dropping form the tall building。其中it作形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的从句。故D选项正确。

20.I hate ____when people shout loudly in public.

A.it B.these C.them D.that

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查it做形式宾语。句意:我讨厌人们在公共场合大声喊叫。在enjoy (享受),hate (恨),like(喜欢), love (爱)等动词之后用it充当形式宾语,在it 后面用宾语从句作真正宾语,故选A。

21.Dancing with the feet is one thing, but dancing with the heart is .

A.one B.other C.others D.another

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词辨析。句意:用脚跳舞是一回事,用心跳舞是另一回事。结合上文Dancing with the feet is one thing中与one形成对照应用another,表示“一个……另一个”,故选D。

【点睛】

another 的用法与语法特点

1. another的主要用法

another主要有两个用法,一是表示“另外一个”,即暗指除这个之外的另外一个,具有不确指性。如:

You’d better try and find another job. 你最好设法另找一份工作。

此句的背景是:“你”现在有一份工作,或已找到一份工作,但由于某种原因不想做,所以要另找一份工作。这里说的“另外一份工作”指的就是“除此之外的另外一份工作”。another的另一个用法是表示“增加的”“额外的”,暗指在原有基础上另增加一个。如:Could I have another piece of bread? 我可以再吃一块面包吗?

此句的背景是:“我”原来已吃了一些面包,现在还想吃一块,即在原来的基础上再额外增加一块。

2. another 的语法特点

another后原则只用于指代或修饰单数可数名词,不用于指代或修饰不可数名词或复数名词,但有一个例外,就是当复数名词前带有数词或few修饰时,其前可以用another修饰。如:

We need another three chairs. 我们还需要三把椅子。

You’d better stay at hospital for another few days. 你最好在医院再住几天。

英语不能说another chairs,但可说another three chairs;不能说another days,但可说another few days,原因就是复数名词chairs, days前带有修饰语three和few。

3. one有时可与another对照使用。如:

One (boy) wanted to read, and another wanted to watch TV. 一个(男孩)想看书,另一个则想看电视。

One day he wanted his lunch early, another day he wanted it late. 他一天要早点吃午饭,另一天又要晚点吃午饭。

22.I’m as big as human. In fact, I look like ______ too.

A.the one B.that

C.it D.one

【答案】D

【解析】

考查不定代词。句意:我同人一样大,事实上,我看起来像一个人。此处用one代替前面的human,故选D。

23.Jim sold most of his things.He has hardly___left in the house.

A.anything B.everything

C.nothing D.something

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:吉姆卖掉了他的大部分东西。他家里几乎什么都没剩下。anything用于疑问句、否定句、条件句中,或用于肯定句,但与含有疑问、否定意义的词连用,意为“任何事(物),什么事(物)”,根据所提供的情景Jim sold most of his things.可判断出他房子里几乎没有什么东西了。hardly意为“几乎不”,构成否定句;everything 意为“每件事物,万事”;nothing 意为“(什么也)没有,没有什么东西(什么事) ”;something 意为“某物,某事”。故选A。

24.In my opinion, there’s no greater happiness than of succeeding in one’s career.

A.one B.it

C.that D.those

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词辨析,句意:在我看来,在一个人的职业生涯中,没有比成功更幸福了。one一个;it它;that那个;those那些。在比较级中,某个事物和另外一个事物作比较,后者用that或者those代替,其中单数用that,复数用those。此处succeeding为单数,用that代替,故选C。

25.Applicants are not required to take IELTS or TOEFL test but it will be appreciated if someone has taken _____.

A.none B.either C.neither D.all

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查不定代词词义辨析。句意:申请人不要求必须参加雅思或托福考试,但如果有申请人参加其中之一,将受到重视。A. none 没有一个;B. either (两者之中)任何一个;C. neither 两者都不;D. all 全部。由“IELTS or TOEFL”可知,(两者之中)任何一个用either。故选B项。

26.As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _____ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.

A.this B.it C.that D.one

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定用法。句意:作为诺顿最忙碌的女人,她有责任处理镇上所有其他人的事务。此处为动词+形式宾语+宾语补足语+不定式结构,四项中只有it能作形式宾语,故B项正确。

27.You may rely on __________ that Jennifer will come and help us if we are in trouble.

A.it B.that C.which D.this

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查形式宾语it的用法。句意:如果我们有困难,你可以相信詹妮弗会来帮助我们。it做形式宾语时,常用于“动词 + prep + it + that-从句”结构,此处用it作rely on的形式宾语,真正宾语为其后的宾语从句。故选A。

【点睛】

能用于“动词 + prep + it + that从句”结构的动词,常见的还有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。

28.Astronomers have discovered that three planets have sizes and temperatures similar to

_______ of Earth.

A.them B.these

C.those D.ones

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词的指代。句意:天文学家发现了三个在大小和温度方面与地球相似的星球。根据句意可知此处是三个星球的大小和温度与地球的大小和温度相似,因此空白处应该是代指复数名词sizes and temperatures。those代指上文中的可数名词复数。故选C。

【点睛】

one, ones, that, those与it的区分

1.one指代上文提到的单数人的人或物,指“同一类中的一个”,表示泛指意义:即:a/an十单数可数名词;ones则代指可数名词,表泛指意义。

The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today.(one=a problem)

2.that指上文出现的名词,表示同类的东西,一般不指人,既可指代可数名词单数,又可指代不可数名词,常要求有后置定语修饰,表特指。

The weather of this week is worse than that of last week.(that=the weather)

3.those 用来代替复数可数名词,常要求有后置定语,表示特指,即the+复数可数名词。

The students in Class one are more than those in Class Two.(those=the students)

4.it 指上文提到的同一事物,与前面名词是同一物。

Is this book yours, I want to use it.(it=your book)

在本题中,此处是三个星球的大小和温度与地球的大小和温度相似,代指的内容为复数名

词sizes and temperatures,且表特指地球上大小和温度,故应用those。

29.Harry never enjoys visiting large cities because he thinks one such city is much like ______. A.another B.the other C.the others D.others

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词辨析。句意:Harry从不喜欢参观大城市,因为他觉得这样的城市都差不多。A. another另一个(不定数目中的);B. the other另一个(通常与one搭配成one…the other…结构);C. the others其余的人或物(特指);D. others别的人或物(泛指)。题干中表示的是这样的城市和其它任何一个城市都差不多,故选A。

30.I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use this computer.

A.that B.this

C.you D.it

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查it做形式宾语。句意:如果你能教我如何使用这台电脑,我将不胜感激。此处it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的从句。固定句式:I would appreciate it if...,“如果.......,我将不胜感激”。故选D项。

31.The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from spoken in England. A.which B.what C.that D.the one

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:在美国说的英语与在英国说的英语略有一点不同。由spoken in England 可知,此处不是从句,不能使用which/what。在比较级中,为了避免重复,要用that代替前面出现的同一事情,但此处English为不可数名词,要用that, 而不用the one,the one代替可数名词时,可与that互换。故选C。

32.If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, ____ means many more people in the world can enjoy it.

A.as B.which

C.what D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果一个优秀的中文小说被翻译成英语,这意味着世界上更多的人可以

享受它。If引导的是条件状语从句,后面应该是主句,as,which应该引导非限制性定语从句,what应该名词性从句,这里用那个that做主句的主语,指上文的内容。选D。

考点:考查句式结构

33.I’d appreciate ______ if you would pick me up at seven this evening.

A.hat B.this C.it D.you

【答案】C

【解析】

试题解析:句意;如果你明早到机场来接我,我将不甚感激。appreciate,like,love,hate等表喜好,憎恨之类词后不能直接接从句,必须先补充it后再接从句。it表虚指,无实义。另外,一些动词短语也不能直接加从句,必须加it再接从句,如see to it that ,depend on it that 等。

考点:固定句型

34.– ________ of us think the English examination was difficult.

– But I st ill don’t think ________ could pass it.

A.All, everybody B.None, anybody

C.All, anybody D.None, everybody

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:考查部分否定和全部否定。none,nobody,no通常表示全部否定;否定词和all,every,each连用,表示部分否定。句意:—我们中没有一个人认为这次英语测试难。—但是我仍然不是所有人都能通过这次考试。故D正确。

【名师点睛】

英语中的部分否定(即不完全否定)有如下一些表示方法:

一、 all 的否定式:not all…(或:all…not)表示"并非都……"、"不是所有的都……"例如:Not all men can be masters. (=" All" men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。

Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长得很高。

二、 both 的否定式:not…both (或:both… not) "并非两个……都……" 例如:

I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。

Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。

三、every…的否定式:"不是每……都……" 例如:

Not every book is educative. (或:Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。

This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。

四、 always的否定式:"并非总是(并非一直)……" 例如:

He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。

五、 entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式,"不完全……","并非完全……" 例如:The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。

He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。

I don't agree completely. 我并不完全同意。

What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。

六、 all the time 的否定式:"并非一直……"、"未必老是……"

例如: A foolish man doesn't make a mistake all the time. 笨人未必老是犯错误。

七、not…and…的否定式,被否定的往往是and后面的那一部分。

例如: He did not speak clearly and correctly. 他讲得清楚但不正确?

This film is not interesting and instructive. 这部电影有趣但无教育意义。

She cannot sing and dance. 她会唱歌但不会跳舞。

如果将and 换成or,not 对其后面的两部分就全盘否定了。

He did not speak clearly or correctly. 他讲的既不清楚也不正确。

如要对上述的all, both, every, always, 以及

entirely, altogether, completely, quite 和 all the time 等词作完全否定,那就分别要用与之相对应的全否定词,如no, none, neither, no one, never, not (never)… at all 等。

All of them can do it.--- None of them can do it.

Both are good.---Neither is good.

Everybody likes it. ---Nobody likes it.

He is always late. --- He is never late.

We don't trust them entirely. --- We never trust them at all.

He was here all the time. --- He was never here.

考点:考查部分否定和全部否定

35.— Did you call on any of your old friends when you returned to your hometown ?

—______ of them . They were all very busy .

A.Nobody B.None C.Both D.Neither

【答案】B

【解析】

考查代词:A . Nobody没有人,不能接of,B .None(三者以上)没有人,C .Both 两者都

D .Neither两者都不,句意是:你回到家乡时拜访老朋友了吗?-没有,他们都很忙。说明是三者以上都不,选B。

36.To qualify for the job, .

A.a high school diploma is needed B.it is required that one has a high school diploma C.one needs a high school diploma D.a diploma from high school is necessary

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查表示人的代词作主语。句意:人们要有高中文凭,才有获得这份工作的资格。分析句子可知,动词不定式的逻辑主语是主句的表示人的主语。故C选项正确。

37.Don’t take _____ for granted that he will k eep his promise.

A.one B.it

C.this D.that

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查it作形式宾语。句意:不要想当然地认为他会信守诺言。句中的“take sth. for granted”为固定搭配,意为“把……想当然”。本句中的take缺少宾语,分析句子可知,that he will keep his promise是其宾语,因此可以用it作形式主语,而真正的宾语是后面的that从句。故选B。

38.I noticed that she had placed my old shoes under the bed, ________ with a hole at each of the big toes.

A.the one B.the ones

C.that D.which

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查不定代词辨析。句意:我注意到她把我的那双每个大脚趾部都有一个洞的旧鞋放在了床底下。the one代指前文提到一件事或某一事物,单数的,特指;the ones代指前文提到的复数的事物,特指;that指代的物体与前文中的物体是同样的名称,但是有不同的内涵,另外代词that可以指代前文中的不可数名词;which指物,在从句中作主语或谓语动词的宾语。with a hole at each of the big toes是介词短语作定语,特指前面提到的my old shoes,是复数。故选B。

39.This was a courageous decision, all the board members of the company opposed.

A.it B.that C.one D.the one

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词用法。句意:这是一个需要勇气的决定,公司委员会所有成员都反对这样的决定。It代指上文提到的事物本身;that同类事物中不同一个,是特指,相当于that+名词;one相当于a+名词,是泛指;the one 是特指。根据句意,对decision的解释说明,特指这一个决定,故选D。

40.I turned to bookstores and libraries seeking information about the book mentioned in his lecture,but found_____.

A.no one B.none

C.nothing D.anything

【答案】B

【解析】

考查代词。A. no one没有人,指人,通常用who提问;B. none没有人,一个也没有,none是表示数量上的没有,通常用how many提问;C. nothing无物,指物,通常用what 提问;D. anything任何事。句意:我转向书店和图书馆寻找他演讲中提到的那本书的信息,但什么也没找到。此处指数量上一个也没有,故选B。

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