每日英语外刊阅读：最佳的创业时间是你上学的时候I spent my high school years carefully polishing my grades and extracurricular activities soI could prepare an impressive resume package to send to colleges. When the collegeapplication period ended, however, I realized that very few of my high school “achievements”stuck with me past graduation. My high school GPA and my long list of officer positionsbecame irrelevant to me and the job market. I loved learning, but I hated that modernschooling was so shaped by test scores and resume building. When I arrived at the Universityof Michigan for college, I wanted to avoid focusing on grades, and, instead, make a lastingimpact on the world.As a pre-medical student, however, my obsession with my GPA and extracurricularactivities only escalated. It was frustrating that I chose to sacrifice valuable learningopportunities to take “easy classes” that helped me maintain a high GPA. Conventionalwisdom encourages risk-averse behaviors. No matter how many educators or recruitersdownplay the importance of the GPA, the numbers are used to screen candidates for medical schools, graduate schools, scholarships, and jobs. It did not take long before I was remindedof my self-defeating obsession with test scores in high school, and I was ready to shut outthe noise of the crowd to pursue my interests.My desire to work on an impactful project drove me to pursue entrepreneurship. Atschool, I immediately noticed how difficult it was for students to get academic research opportunities. For many students, conducting research with academic faculty is a defining experience of their undergraduate years, and it is a requirement for those applying tograduate schools. Because most research positions are found through a haphazard processof searching for information on the internet and emailing professors, students face lowsuccess rates applying to research groups outside of their personal network and are oftenunaware of the entire scope of university research in their discipline. Conversely, this processalso impedes academic employers trying to recruit the best talent to their labs.I was frustrated with the academic recruitment process. I personally emailed over 50research labs before landing my first research position. I was grateful for the researchopportunity given to me, but I wanted to help others get the same experience. I found like-minded peers, Nolan Kataoka, Benjamin Bear, Akshay Rao, and Han Wang, to create Perch,which started as a student organization at the University of Michigan. After holding morethan one hundred customer discovery interviews across 10 university campuses, weconfirmed that the need for our service was universal. I realized that through Perch I could dothe impactful work I was searching for. Working on an independent project would also be aliberation from the educational expectations placed upon me in school. After countless hoursof hacking at our computers, pitching at university startup competitions, and writing upbusiness plans, we have reached where we are today.Perch is an online employment solution for academics looking for research opportunitiesand research labs looking to hire the best talent. With Perch, students who are passionateabout research but struggle to overcome entry barriers to labs due to social, financial, orother factors will have more direct access to the world-class research opportunities offeredat the University of Michigan. Recruiters will also be able to hire the best-suited candidatesfor their labs. In a sense, we “de-awkwardize” the academic recruitment process. To date, wehave received over $60,000 in grants and have initiated partnerships with 16 universities nationwide.Perch was created by dissatisfied college students who sought impactful learningopportunities outside of school. Concerns with higher education are not unique to us. Several famous millionaire college dropouts and education gurus have criticized the modern higher education landscape. Even more stunning is the outcome to an online poll posing thequestion “Does school teach useless things?” The question is no doubt biased (onlysomeone who doubts the value of school would ask if school is “useless”), but it is stillastonishing that 95% of responders said “Yes.” Sitting in an engineering lecture hall, scribblingdown fluid dynamics equations that cover entire sheets of paper, I often wonder whether calculating the exact amount of heat required to melt an ice cube contained in a Styrofoamcup will ever be of use to me.Over the years, I have come to understand how well entrepreneurship and highereducation can work together to aid a student’s learning and career progression. Working on a startup is like drinking from a firehose – my team was forced to learn everything at abreakneck pace, from UX design to learning legalese. At the university, seemingly impracticalclasses have taught me the intangible. I may never end up calculating the heat requirements for melting ice cubes, but the mathematical rigor of my Chemical Engineering classes has helped me make logical business decisions. Most importantly, the human connections I made in college are priceless. The fundamentals of higher education are critical for entrepreneurs to succeed, and the entrepreneurship experience complements university curricula. Recognizing this, the University of Michigan has committed to supporting student entrepreneurs, including me, with amazing financial and non-financial resources.In fact, for those in fortunate enough circumstances to allow it, I think the best time to work on a startup is during school. My three years at the University of Michigan have been one of the most resource-rich times of my life. I encourage every student with sufficient resources to start a venture, not only to make the most of their collegiate career, but also to share their resources with those who need them most. The value of a startup depends not on the number of dollars it amasses but on the number of people it positively influences. And whether our ventures succeed or fail, we are students, and we learn how better to help people and make an impact.I am not alone in this thinking. I am the product of a cultural shift we have experienced asa society over the past few decades. Prior to the 21st century, fresh college graduates started their careers off as junior staff members in companies, and it was not until they were in their forties and fifties that they were able to hold top executive positions. The repeated founding of immensely successful tech companies by college dropouts, including Bill Gates, Mark Zuckerberg, and Larry Ellison, over the past several decades was resounding proof to most students that it was possible for 20-year-olds to skip straight to the top of an incredibly influential company without taking the traditional route of gradually climbing up a corporate ladder.。
推荐报纸的英文作文高中As a high school student, reading newspapers is an essential part of our daily routine. It not only helps usto stay informed about current events but also improves our language skills and critical thinking abilities. In this essay, I would like to recommend some newspapers that are worth reading for high school students.Firstly, The New York Times is a must-read for anyone interested in global news and current affairs. It covers a wide range of topics, including politics, business, science, and culture. The newspaper is known for its in-depth reporting, insightful analysis, and high-quality writing.It also has a section dedicated to education, whichprovides useful information and advice for students and teachers.Secondly, The Wall Street Journal is another excellent newspaper that high school students should consider reading. It focuses on business and finance news, but also coversother topics such as politics, technology, and lifestyle. The newspaper is known for its rigorous reporting and analysis, and it provides valuable insights into the world of business and economics. It also has a section dedicated to education, which provides useful information and advice for students and parents.Thirdly, The Guardian is a British newspaper that is known for its progressive and liberal views. It covers a wide range of topics, including politics, society, culture, and the environment. The newspaper is known for its high-quality writing and investigative journalism, and it provides a unique perspective on global events. It also has a section dedicated to education, which provides useful information and advice for students and teachers.Finally, The Economist is a weekly newspaper that is known for its insightful analysis and commentary on global events. It covers a wide range of topics, including economics, politics, and international affairs. The newspaper is known for its rigorous reporting and analysis, and it provides valuable insights into the world ofbusiness and economics. It also has a section dedicated to education, which provides useful information and advice for students and teachers.In conclusion, reading newspapers is an essential part of our daily routine as high school students. The newspapers I have recommended in this essay are all excellent sources of news and information, and they provide valuable insights into the world around us. By reading these newspapers, we can improve our language skills, critical thinking abilities, and stay informed about current events.。
英语报刊阅读练习题（二）及答案英语报刊阅读练习题（二）I.Translate the following words into Chinese.1. International Herald Tribune2. U.S. News & World ReportScientist3. DailyTelegraph 4. NewTreasurythe6. Secretary5. IRNof7. National Economic Council 8. Governor9. Federal Judicial Center 10. Lord Pricy Seal CountyMetropolitan11.Solicitor-General 12.13. High Court of Justice 14. distance education mateADB16.running15.GATTCHR 18.17.20.UNDPG-719.II.Translate the following two short paragraphs.1.America’s strength and prosperity are testaments to the enduring power of our foundingideals, among them, that all men are created equal, and that liberty is God’s gift to humanity, the birthrigh t of every individual.2.台湾是中国的一部分。
国家绝不允许“台独”分裂势力以任何名义、任何方式把台湾从中国分裂出去。
III.Rewrite the following headlines if necessary.1.Married Women to Get Care Allowance2.No Survivors in Gulf Air Crash3.Killing in the Name of God4.Thailand, Malaysia Ink Sea Treaty5.Mao: We Should Support Third World CountriesIV.Read the following news and then choose the right answer to each question.News Item 1Important talks have been taking place between the Prime Minister and Trade Union leaders. They have agreed to work together to find ways of combating inflation and reducing the present level of unemployment in industry. Meanwhile, the Government has failed to prevent a national bus strike, and the bus drivers’ union has announced that no buses will run from Monday. The decision to go ahead with the strike was announced by a union spokesman at the end of a meeting earlier this afternoon during which Government representatives failed topersuade the union and the employers to agree on a new wage plan.1.The Prime Minister and Trade Union agreed to _____.A.rebuild industryB.reduced unemploymentC.stop a bus drivers’ strikeD.work out a new wage plan2.The bus drivers’ union has decided to _____.A.go on the national bus strikeB.accept the Government’s planC.agree on a new wage planD.stop the strike from next Monday3.The decision for the bus strike was announced _____.A.earlier this afternoon/doc/be7863374.html,st Monday/doc/be7863374.html,st nightD.this morningNews Item 2Local police in the Yangtze River port of Chongqing, China have seized a total of 6 kilograms of drugs in an anti-narcotics campaign during the year. Since July 1996, 1,200 drug-related cases have been cracked and around 200 drug traffickers arrested, said public security bureau drugs officers in the city. Chongqing is the largest inland industrial center in China, and its port is the largest on the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River.4.How many drug-related cases have been cracked by Chongqing local police since July 1996?A.20.B.100.C.1,200.D.600.News Item 3In a significant reversal for the IRA, the Clinton administration has denied a visa to Berry Adams, the Sinn Fein leader and a prominent member of the organization’s ruling army council. Now the administration believes neither Adams nor the IRA is to be trusted. In recent months, Private discussion between Sinn Fein leaders and the administration have been tough, with American officials warning that unless action was taken to enforce a ceasefire official contact would be broken.5.We can know from the news that _____.A.Gerry Adams was denied a visa by the administrationB.private talks have been going on very smoothlyC.the administration trusts the IRA and AdamsD.there has been no change in their relationship6.Official contact between the U.S. and the IRA can be kept if _____.A.Gerry Adams is allowed into the countryB.the IRA takes action to cease fireC.they hold more private discussionD.the U.S. changes its attitudeNews Item 4Seven members of an extreme right-wing terrorist group involved in a plot send letter bombsto addresses in London were arrested following a series of raids by armed police in Denmark. A Danish police officer was shot and wounded during one of the raids. The targets in London are understood to have been two right-wing activities and a journalist. Three letter bombs, disguised as videotapes, believed to have been made in Denmark, were also intercepted in Sweden.Six men and a women, all aged between 20 and 22, were arrested.7.To whom were the letter bombs intended to send?A.The Danish Police.B.Six Swedish people.C. A Danish woman.D.Three right-wingers.8.What can be inferred from the news?A.There has been an internal struggle among right-wingers.B.These letter bombs were all made in Sweden.C.There has been no injury during the raids.D.The Letter bombs have caused great damage.News Item 5An army dentist was killed and another soldier injured when they fell 500ft during an expedition to climb North America’s highest peak. Major Mark Trevillyan, attached to the Royal Army Dental Corps at Bicester and believed to be in his early thirties, died after falling on Mount Mckinley in Alaska. He was attached by rope to Lance Corporal Paul Holmes, 27, who suffered concussion.9.The accident took place _____.A. in Alaska.B. in South America.C. at Bicester.D. in the army camp.10.What does Mark Trevillyan do?A. A scientist.B. A chemist.C. A dentist.D. A student.V.Read the following article and then answer the questionsbelow.Ice May Hold Clues to Life on MarsNick Hoffman of the University of Melbourne said the latest images taken by the Mars Odyssey orbiter had revealed curious hotspots in the Hellas Basin that could be similar to ice towers in Antarctica, where microbial life forms live on chemical energy.These hotspots, he said, could prove a better place to find signs of life than gullies that some speculate may have been gouged by running water.“I don’t personally believe that (finding life) is a credible possibility, but nonetheless, if you are going to find life on Mars, this is probably the place it will be,” he said.Tracking bacteriaHoffman has worked on potential Mars ice towers with Professor Phil Kyle of the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology in the United States.Their research, based on NASA imagery and the study of the Mount Erebus volcano on Antarctica’s Ross Island, was presented at the 6th international Mars conference in Pasadena, California, in July.On Ross Island, steam from volcanic vents is converted directly into ice as it touches the frigid air, building tall, hollow chimneys where a microclimate allows bacteria to live.“On Mars, similar structures could be doubly valuable for potential Mars microbes,” Hoffman sa id, dubbing the prospect of finding life on the planet “a remote possibility”.NASA’s latest Mars mission, carrying two rovers to probe for signs that conditions on Mars once favored life, will not go anywhere near Hellas Basin, a deep impact crater about the size of Australia in the southern hemisphere of the planet.Nor will the European Space Agency’s Mars Express, which blasted off in June.Searching for waterScientists hope the two expeditions, plus a Japanese mission, will find evidence that liquid water once existed on Mars and may have left long gullies or channels in the inhospitable terrain.Hoffman said infrared images taken by the Odyssey showed the hotspots in the Hellas Basin — laid out in a chain — were hotter than the surrounding environment both during the day and at night.Once the Odyssey’s companion satellite, the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft, takes high-resolution images of the formations in clear light, it will be possible to identify them definitively as ice towers or something else.Hellas Basin is the deepest part of Mars and has the highest air pressure, a prerequisite for liquid water. Elsewhere, the planet’s atmosphere is so thin that water cannot form so heated ice is likely to become vapor, missing out the liquid phase.“There will not be a convenient hot spring of liquid water flowing on the surface but there will be a steamy, moist vent in the ground with a lot of ice present and possibly an ice tower.” Hoffman said.Comprehension1.According to Hoffman, _____.A.there was a great possibility to find life on MarsB.it is impossible to find life on MarsC.infrared images taken by the Odyssey showed the hotspots in Hellas Basin were hotterthan the surrounding area all the timeD.Hellas Basin is the deepest part of Mars, thus has liquidwater/doc/be7863374.html,test images take by the Mar Odyssey orbiter revealed _____.A.hotspots where microbial forms liveB.hotspots in the Hellas Basin similar to ice towers in AntarcticaC.gullies gouged by running waterD.potential life on Mars3.Structures on Mars _____.A.similar to those on Ross Island are suitable for microbial life formsB.similar to those on Ross Island are of valueless for potential Mars microbesC.are not so valuable for potential Mars microbes than those on Ross IslandD.are much more valuable for potential Mars microbes than those on Ross Island4.On Ross Island, steam from volcanic vents is converted to ice as it touches the followingexcept _____.A.cavesB.hollow chimneys with a microclimateC.cold airD.tall building5.Which of the following statement is true?A.The formations of the hotspots in the Hellas Basin are identified as ice towers.B.Scientists have found long gullies left by liquid water on Mars.C.NASA’s latest Mars mission will try to find out evidencethat conditions on Mars oncefacilitate life.D.NASA’s latest Mars mission will probe places around the Hellas Basin.Word StudyComplete each sentence with a word or phrase given below (in its appropriate form if necessary). inhospitable prerequisite live on dub revealblast off base on similar convent probe1.The uncurtained window _____ a cluttered room.2.The room was _____ from a kitchen to a lavatory.3.The region _____ the paradise on earth.4.Searchlights _____ the night sky.5.Apollo 11 _____ at noon.6.The camel travels around the _____ desert.7.This novel is _____ historical facts.8. A master’s degree is _____ for employment at this level.9.We have _____ tastes in music.10.She _____ fruits and vegetables.VI.The following questions are connected to your reading course studies. Write down in English your own opinions, using 100-120 words each.Question: What do you consider to be the advantages of motor car possession, and also the social and environmental problems connected with its use?英语报刊阅读练习题（二）答案I.Translate the following words into Chinese.1. 《国际先驱论坛报》2. 《美国新闻与世界报道》3. 《每日电讯报》4. 《新科学家》5. （英）独立广播新闻社6. 财政部长7. 国家经济委员会8. 州长9. 联邦司法中心10. 掌玺大臣11. 副检察长12. 都市郡13. 高等法院14. 远程教育15. 竞选伙伴（搭档）16. 亚洲开发银行17. （联合国）人权委员会18. 关税和贸易协定19. （西方）七国集团20. 联合国开发计划署II.Translate the following two short paragraphs.参考译文：1.美国的强大和繁荣证明了我们建国理想的源源不绝的力量。
《英语报刊阅读》试题（A卷）……………………………………………………………………………………………………得news of following headlines Reconstruct the messages of the Part Ⅰ分stories: (1% for each, 10%)Example: Italian Ex-Mayor Murdered---An Italian Ex-Mayor Is Murderedtold not exploit ________ Tibet issue. 1. ________ US ________at odds. 2. Rubin ________ Greenspan ________s birth place.' flocking to Mao3. Visitors ________4. ________ man ________ quizzed after ________ wife is knifed in ________ sportsstore.得5-34 Questions A passage and answer the Part Ⅱ Read the following 分(1% for each,30%) and B 35-44 (2% for each,20%)Tuition Reform for Higher EducationArecent in of their pace reform Chinese institutions of higher learning have quickened years. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees constitute and important part ofstate to almost exclusively according reform. Schools which once admitted students theplans are becoming more accepting of students sent by work groups for further training andthose who pay their own fees.Regular universities and colleges plan to enroll about 786 200 students this year, up 158200 or 25 percent over last year's figure. Of these, 216 000, or 27.4 percent, will be sent bytheir work groups or will pay their own way.In the past, the state paid all tuition and school fees for university students, a matter of the practice guaranteed this established in 1949. Although since policy New China wasfurther sate, hindering burden to the it supply of qualified personnel, brought a heavy compulsory education in —development of higher education. Since higher education is nonthe expedite facilities and fees will help improve school appropriate China, tochargewill way their own paying As education of in this stage. an added benefit, developmentencourage students to study harder.beginwill students financed —Statedirections. two in effect take will reform Thepaying part of the costs of their education, and more self—paying students will be accepted.In August 1989, under the direction of the State council, the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the Sate Price Bureau drew up stipulations concerning the amount of charges on tuition, accommodation and other expenses for students of institutions of higher learning. Beginning from that year, freshmen at regularuniversities and colleges and professional schools (including cadres taking special trainingcourses and students working on a second degree) were charged 100 yuan (about us $17)each for their tuition fee, and this low charge is expected to be raised gradually. The figurewas higher in special economic zones and economically developed regions such as Guangdong Province and Shanghai, but was capped at 300 yuan. Students living on campuspaid about 20 yuan per year for accommodation and the charge was slightly higher for betterfurnishing. Normal school students and those admitted on scholarships need only pay foraccommodation. Reduced tuitions and fees are available to students in need of financialassistance, but accommodation expenses will remain the same.In June 1992, the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the StatePrice Bureau decided to allow regular institutions of higher education to set their own tuitionrates and charges for accommodation, short—term training programs, correspondence courses and night school. These should be determined according to the needs of each school,the abilities of students to pay and general conditions in each area. The tuition for students inthe sciences and engineering can range from 300 to 500 yuan per academic year. Liberal arts,history and economics students of the fine arts pay 400 to 600 yuan per year, and students ofthe fine arts 400 to 750 yuan. Statistics for 1992 show students paid an average of 340 yuanin tuition that year, only 5 percent of the real cost.Measures have been taken to limit the possible detrimental affects of risingtuition. Shanghai, for instance, exempts the children of revolutionary martyrs from paying tuition. And these costs may be reduced or waived for students with limited family financial support as their parents are either both dead or are receiving subsidies from their work units. Some colleges have also set up work—study programs to benefit students with financial difficulties.Guidelines concerning self—paying students were first set out in 1989. The State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau stipulated that these students should pay 80 percent of the cost of their education. Such students who live on campus pay the standard rate for accommodation and must cover their own medical expenses. The charge for each self—paying student averaged 2 000 yuan of the cost in 1992, or 30 percent of the cost. Charges for undergraduates and students of special colleges whose education is sponsored by work units, with payment coming either in part or in full from their units, are somewhat higher. Self—paying students are not assigned jobs by the state after graduation, whereas students sent by their units will return to them after graduating.Charges for correspondence courses and night school are equal to or slightlyhigher than those for full-time students enrolled according to the state plan.With their improvement of their living standards and the deepening of reform, people in general accept the changes in the tuition system. To facilitate the development of higher education, the increases in tuition rates will be more flexible and diversified. Student payments will be augmented by finding from the state, enterprises and funds raised from the public. Laws and regulations will by enacted to ensure steady progress, and overseas organizations and individuals are encouraged to set up and operate schools in China.--21st Century, Apr.20, 1992 Reading ComprehensionCircle the letter that best suits the answer or completes the statement.5. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees ____.A. pay an important part in the reformB. make up an important part of the reformC. include an important part of the reformD. hold an important part of the reform6. Regular universities and colleges plan to enroll about 786 200 students thisyear ____.A. which is the same as last years figureB. which is more than last year's figure by 158 200C. which is 25 per cent over last year's figureD. both B and C7. Among 786 200 students ____ will be sent by their work groups or will paytheir own way.A. 158 200B. 21 600C. 27.4 per centD. 25 per cent8. Since New China was established, all tuition and school fees for university students ____.A. Were paid by their work groupsB. Were paid by the students themselvesC. Were paid by the stateD. Were paid by the local government9. The policy which the state paid all tuition and school fees for university students ____.A. Brought lots of profits to the stateB. Was helpful to further development of higher educationC. Brought many advantages to the stateD. Brought expense and trouble to the state10. Which statement is not trueA. To charge appropriate fees will help improve school facilitiesB. As an added benefit, paying their own way will encourage students to study harderC. Higher education is compulsory education in ChinaD. Tuition reform for higher education will take effect in two directions11. Stipulations concerning the amount of charges on tuition, accommodation and otherexpenses for students of institutions of higher learning was drafted by ____.A. the State Education CommissionB. the State CouncilC. the universities and collegesD. the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau12. The figure on tuition fee was higher in special economic zones and economically developed regions, but was ____.A. fixed at 300 yuanB. limited in 300 yuanD. much more than 300 yuanC. over 300 yuan13. Students in need of financial assistance ____.A. can get a grantB. need only pay for accommodationC.can get support from the local governmentD. can enjoy reduced tuitions and fees14. According to the stipulations made by the State Education Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau, the tuition for students in the sciences andengineering can ____.A. be changed between 300 and 500 yuan per academic yearB. be fixed at 300 or 500 yuan per yearC. be set at 400 or 600 yuan per yearD. be extended from 400 to 750 yuan per year15. The children of revolutionary martyrs in Shanghai ____.A. enjoy reduced tuitionB. enjoy free charge tuitionC. gain allowance from governmentD. receive subsidies from their parents work units16. Stipulations concerning self—paying students took effect in ____.A. 1989B. 1992C. 1990D. 199117. Charges for undergraduates and students of special colleges whose education is sponsored by work units ____.A. are set at 2 000 yuan per yearB. are exempted 50 per cent from the whole cost of their educationC. are rather higherD. are exempted 30 percent18. Self—paying students, after their graduation, ____.A. will return to their unitsB. will be appointed to do some work by the stateC. are provided employments by the statD. are not assigned jobs by the state19. Which statement is trueA. The increases in tuition rates can not be changed easilyB. Students payment will be decreased by funding from the state and enterprisesC. Laws and regulations will be made to ensure steady progressD. People in general can't accept the change in the tuition reformVocabularyChoose the best answer to explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase.20. Chinese institutions of higher learning have quickened their pace of reform in recentyear____.A. WalkingB. stepC. footD. speed21. Changing enrollment practices and higher tuition fees constitute an important part of the reform____.A. Make upB. establishC. holdD. Complete22. Although this practice guaranteed the supply of qualified personnel, it brought aheavy burden to the state____.A. it brought the state expense and troubleB. it brought the state sufferingC. it made the state involve in difficultiesD. it caused the state involved in troubles23. The reform will take effect in two directions____.A. will take placeB. will come into forceD. will have an influenceC. will affect24. The figure was higher in special economic zones and economicallydeveloped regions such as Guangdong, province and Shanghai, but was capped at 300 yuan____.A. coveredB. aboutD. much more thanC. over25. This Ministry of Finance and the State Price Bureau decided to allow regular institutions of higher education to set their own tuition rates and charges for accommodation____.A. decideB. fixD. Both A and BC. put forward26. The tuition for students in the sciences and engineering can range from 300to 500 yuan per academic year____.A. be charged between 300 and 500B. set at 300 or 500C. be decided at 300 or 500D. extend from 300 to 50027. Measures have been taken to limit the possible detrimental affects of rising tuition____.A. determinedB. damageD. influentialC. harmful28. Shanghai, for instance, exempts the children of revolutionary martyrs from paying tuition____.A. charges a little forB. makes free charge forD. Both A and BC. reduces the charge for29. And these costs may be reduced or waived for students with limited family financial support as their parents are either both dead or are receiving subsidies from their work units____.A. insisted onB. not enforcedC. chargedD. exempted30. Some colleges have also set up work—study programs to benefit studentswith financial difficulties____.A. helpB. give money toC. give profits toD. send allowance of money to31. The State Educational Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the StatePrice Bureau stipulated that these students should pay 80 percent of the cost of their education____.A. arrangedB. advocatedC. stated clearlyD. stimulated32. Such students who live on campus pay the standard rate for accommodationand must cover their own medical expenses____.A. includeB. exemptD. provide money forC. change33. Self—paying students are not assigned jobs by the state after graduation, whereas students sent by their units will return to them after graduation____.A. After graduation the state doesn't give employments to the self—paying studentsB. After graduation, the state doesn't appoint the self—paying students to dosome workC. After graduation, the self-paying students are not going to apply for jobsD. All are wrong34. To facilitate the development of higher education, the increases in tuitionrates will be more flexible and diversified____.A. will be more easily bent and variousB. will be more limited and various.C. will be easily changed and in variety to adapt to new conditionsD. will be raised more than before B Endangered Trade(The Asian Wall Street Journal, Mar., 1999)Such is the special relationship between America and its NATO partners that while thatalliance cooperates to bomb Serbian forces, the U.S. and the EU are managing a trade waragainst each other. Fortunately, no lives are at stake in the latter conflict. Yet if it spreadsunchecked, the rest of the world is sure to feel the pain of it.It's hard to decide whether the U.S. or Europe deserves the most contempt for expandingfruittwo between struggle a essentially is bananas, over fight, first The war. trade their distributors with strong political connections. Now Washington and Brussels are escalatingtheir battle over beef, with European farmers stooping to science in their claims that hormone-treated American beef is unsafe.In his first term in office, President Bill Clinton teamed up with the Republicans to pushmajor free-trade liberalizations. Now, however, he seems bent on pursuing 'level even ifplaying fields,'torpedoing the world economy. The latest salvo was fired this week, with theU.S. announcing it has targeted close to $1 billion of European products for 100% tariffs ifthe European Union doesn't drop the hormone nonsense.The move follows an earlier announcement that the U.S. administration will fight Europe's banana import regime by hitting a range of European goods with prohibitive tariffs.Add to this renewed American threats to raise the drawbridge to Russian, Japanese andBrazilian steel, as well as administration support for a congressional vote to ban Concordeflights from Europe in relation for EU threats to refuse landing rights to old-American planesretrofitted with noise reducing technology.Mr. Clinton sounded the protectionist battle cry in his January State of the Union address,where he vowed to fight for 'a freer and fairer trading system for 21st century America.' Inthe case of agriculture, when the respective lobbies on both sides of the Atlantic enter thefray, that translates into a sticky situation. On the whole, American farmers are major exporters. And U.S. farmers have a good case on beef hormones. But it is nonetheless dangerous for the U.S. to shut off $1 billion in trade.This is not to excuse the EU. The hormone argument is nonsense. The World Trade Organization has acknowledged as much, ordering the EU to allow imports of Americanmeat by May 13. Brussels has responded by saying that it needs more time because European citizens, who supposedly don't like hormones in their food, would rebel againsttheir governments if American meat suddenly appeared on their store shelves.Were it not for the high stakes involved for both producers and consumers, theargument might be amusing. When governments curtail trade the global economy shrinksand for all the jobs 'saved' by protections, there are a lot more lost. TheSmoot-Hawleyagricultural protections imposed by the U.S. Congress in the late 1920s certainly contributedto the Great Depression. Mr. Clinton may believe he is fighting the good fight. But we'venever thought much of the kind of war where you pose even when you win.Judge whether the following statement are True or False:35. ( ) The Trade war between the U.S. and the EU has cost no lives but is equally dangerous.36. ( ) It's very easy to decide who is to blame for expanding the trade war.37. ( ) The very beginning of the trade war suggests that it bears political significance.38. ( ) The author agrees that hormone-treated beef is harmful to one's health.39. ( ) President Bill Clinton used to be a believer of free trade, but not now.40. ( ) Level playing fields ca do good to the world economy.41. ( ) Besides its trade war with the EU, the U.S. is also in conflict with Japan, Russia and Brazil.42. ( ) The author thinks that in the case of beef, the American farmers are justified.43. ( ) The author thinks that it is a right decision for the U.S. to shut off $1 billion intrade.44. ( ) The two sides have submitted the case of beef to the WTO for settlement.得49 (4% Read the following passage and answer Questions 45～Part Ⅲ分for each,20%)The Rich Get Richer and Elected. RobertsBy Steven Vthe as as wealthy 1984 were almost four times in The representatives newly electedfirst-term lawmakers elected only six years before, according to a new study based one thefinancial reports.members'court factors: a are the study says, two main swing, remarkable Behind this adecision that outlawed limits on what candidates could give to their own campaigns, and the enormous growth in the cost of pursuing a seat in Congress. As a result, it is increasingly difficult for candidates of modest means, particularly women, to mount successful challenges to entrenched office holders.One solution, the authors contend, is a system of public financing for campaigns,but Congress seems in no mood to change the political rules any time soon.said Mark Green, the president of The”The lower chamber is going upper class,“Democracy Project, a public policy institute based in New York. “But this evolutionfrom a House of Representatives to a House of Lords denies the diversity of our democracy. It establishes a de facto property qualification for office that increasingly says: low and middle income need not apply.”The Democracy Project produced the study in cooperation with the United States Public Interest Research Group, a similar institute situated in Washington. But their research was not entirely theoretical. In 1980 Mr. Green was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for Congress in New York's 15th District, in Manhattan. The winner was Bill Green, one of the wealthiest members of Congress.Of Assets and MillionairesMembers of Congress must report their assets in broad categories, not exact numbers, so the figures in the study are not precise. But the minimum average wealth of the 43 lawmakers first elected last year was $251,292. Six years earlier, the 74 new members reported an average of only $41,358 in assets. With inflation figured in, the increase was almost 400 percent in real terms.Moreover, financial data on the class of 1978 indicated only one millionaire, William F. Clinger Jr., a Pennsylvania Republican. Last year's newcomers included 15 possible millionaires, more than a third of the entire group. Topping the list was Joseph J. Dioguardi, a Westchester Republican, who listed assets of $1 million to $2.46 million.The main reason for the change, Mr. Green maintains, is the Supreme Court decision of 1976 in the case of Buckley V. Valeo. In that case, the Court ruled that limits mandated by Congress on the amount a candidate could give to his or her own campaign were an unconstitutional abridgment of individual rights. At the same time, the Court upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders.“Quite naturally”, Mr. Green said, “this puts a premium on personal wealth.The 43 Representatives newly elected in 1984 spent an average of $459,344; of that, $50,329 was their own money in an average case. Eight of the 43 spent more than $100,000 in personal funds but the clear leader was Tommy F. Robinson, an Arkansas Democrat, who contributed $441, 167 to his own campaign. Mr. DioGuardi was next with a personal donation of $210,000.The Senate Puts an even higher premium on wealth. Last year the average candidate for the Senate spent $2 million, and the roster of millionaires in the Senate is steadily growing.The second factor putting a premium on personal wealth, Mr. Green argues, isthe rapid rise of political action committees. They tend to favor incumbents with their campaign contributions, and a result, Mr. Green says, is that it takes a wealthy challenger to make a race of things.One apparent effect is the obstacle this poses for women who run for Congress. While women in rapidly rising numbers are capturing local and state offices, their representation on the national level has stayed static. The class of 1984 included only two women: Helen D. Bentley of Maryland and Jan Meyers of Kansas, both Republicans.“It is largely men who control wealth in America,”Mr. Green said, “and if wealth is a major variable in political success, that automatically means more menwill run and win.”Fred Wertheimer, president of Common Cause, the public affairs lobby that , if you're not personally wealthy, and you're not willing to indebt yourself to the PAC's, you face an uphill struggle just to get your message on the table.The authors of the study argue that some form of public financing for campaigns should be instituted. “Competition for public office should be based more upon merit than money,”asserted Gene Karpinski, executive director of the public interest research group.Mr. Wertheimer argues that “members of Congress know they have a national scandalon their hands”and are willing to consider public financing, or at least a total limit on PACcontributions. But the chances for change in the current system remain decidedly poor.Obviously the current occupants of Capitol Hill have kept their seats under the present rules, which clearly favor incumbents. Accordingly, Mr. Green maintains, Congress is stillprobably “several scandals away”from a serious push to change the campaign system.(From The New York Times, September 24, 1985)45. Why has the House of Representatives been changing into a rich man's club or a House of Lords46. In what way did the Court decision favor the wealthy candidates47. Are women far behind men in getting Congressional offices Please give an examplefor your answer.48. What role do political action committees play in a campaign for public office49. According to the author of the study, on what basis should the political race for public office be placed得 Translate the following into Chinese .(20%)ⅥPart 分How to negotiateworld brought the business culture, which has attractive The US is an market. Its”, has been leading commercial thinking in recent years and ”and “IPOs “shareholder valuewill continue to do so. But whoever wants to succeed in the US needs to remember the rulesof the game.If you can US business is described by the lyrics of the song New York, New York: “no by to business is ”anywhere! Yet a euphoric approach make it here, you can make itmeans enough. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it isat the same time ruthlessly focused.the meet, negotiating partners talent is natural of Americans. When Communicating emphasis is on small talk and smiling. There is liberal use of a sense of humour that is moredirect than it is in the UK. If you give a talk in America, you should speak in a relaxedwayand with plenty of jokes to capture your audience's attention.卷参考答案）《英语报刊阅读》试卷（A Reconstruct the messages of the following headlines of news stories: (1% for ⅠParteach, 10%)are、3 are1、The is the and 、2 A 4、is his afor and passage following Read ⅡPart the answer A Questions the 5-34 (1%each,30 %) and B 35-44 (2% for each,20%)A:5～9 BDCCD 10～14 CDBDA 15～19 BACDC30～39 BACBD20～24 DAABA ～34 ACDBC25B:4035～39 TFTFT～44 FTTFTPart ⅢRead the following passage and answer Questions 45～49 (4% for each,20%)45. Because the House of Representatives is largely composed of wealthy men, and they getelected not on their merit, but on their money.46. The court decision outlawed limits on the amount that a candidate could give to his owncampaign. At the same time it upheld limits on amounts contributed by outsiders. 47. Yes. Take the Congressional election in 1984 for example, only two women got elected.48. They play a very important role to help officeholders to get re-elected with campaigncontributions.49. Some form of public financing should be taken. Competition for public office should bebased more on merit than money.Part ⅣTranslate the following into Chinese .(20%)美国是一个有吸引力的市场。
