刘润清《新编语言学教程》章节题库(语言习得)【圣才出品】

第11章语言习得

I. Fill in the blanks.

1. The type of language constructed by second or foreign language learners who are still in the process of learning a language is often referred to as ______.（中山大学2008研）

【答案】interlanguage

【解析】中介语是在外语或第二语言学习中形成的。

2. Error is the grammatically incorrect form; _______appears when the language is correct grammatically but improper in a communicational context.（中山大学2008研）

【答案】mistake

【解析】mistake是指在语法上正确但在交流语境中不恰当。

3. Such errors as “teached”and “womans”are caused by_____.

【答案】second language learners

【解析】这些错误一般是第二语言习得者犯的。

4. ______ is formed when the leaner attempts to learn a new language, and it has features of both the first language and the second language but is neither.（中山

大学2006研）

【答案】Interlanguage

【解析】当学习者学习一种新语言时，就产生了中介语。中介语具有第一语言和第二语言的特征，但中介语是一个动态的语言系统，我们不能把中介语看成是母语和二语的过

渡阶段或者是二者的简单混合。

5. Hymes’theory leads to nation/function-based syllables, and a step further, ______ syllabuses.（中山大学2005研）

【答案】communicative

【解析】海姆斯提出的交际教学大纲以功能—意念大纲为基础，它教授表达和理解不同语言功能时所需要的语言，并且强调交际的过程。

Ⅱ. Multiple Choices.

1. In Krashen’s monitor theory, “i”in “i + 1”hypothesis of second language acquisition refers to _____.（对外经贸2006研）

A. interaction

B. interference

C. input

D. intake

【答案】C

【解析】克拉申的“监控理论”中有一种二语习得输入假说，他用i表示学习者现有水平，用1表示略高于的水平，这就是克拉申的“i﹢1”输入假说。

2. Negative transfer in learning a second language is known as_____.

A. interference

B. interlanguage

C. fossilization

D. acculturation

【答案】A

【解析】语言学习者在学习第二语言时，难免受到母语的种种影响。其中有正面的影响,称作正迁移，也有负面的影响，称作负迁移或者干扰。

3. _____ sees errors as the result of the intrusion of L1 habits over which the learner had no control.

A. Error analysis

B. Performance analysis

C. Contrastive analysis

D. Discourse analysis

【答案】C

【解析】对比分析是通过对比不同语言来确定潜在错误的方法，它将错误看作是受母语习惯的结果，并认为这是学习者无法控制的。

4. ______ is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language usually obtained in school settings.

A. Competence

B. Performance

C. Learning

D. Acquisition

【答案】C

【解析】在学校里我们会学到第二语言，对第二语言知识的这种有意识的积累，叫做“学习”。

5. During language acquisition, children go through several stages, during which stage they begin to have sensitivity to the phonetic distinctions used in their parents’language?

A. Holophrastic stage.

B. Two word stage.

C. Three word stage.

D. Fluent grammatical conversation stage.

【答案】A

【解析】孩子们的语言习得要经历三个阶段，单词句阶段，双词句阶段，以及三词句阶段。

在单词句阶段，孩子们会对其父母话语中的语音特征特别敏感。

6. ______ is the study of psychological aspect of language.

A. Language acquisition

B. Applied linguistics

C. Psycholinguistics