急性非感染性腹泻:10% medications, toxic ingestions, ischemia, other
Acute Infectious Diarrhea
the pathogens responsible for the most cases of diarrhea in 2002 were salmonella (16.1 /100,000 ), campylobacter (13.4 / 100,000), shigella (10.3 /100,000), Escherichia coli O157:H7 (1.7/ 100,000 ), and cryptosporidium (1.4 /100,000 ); vibrio, yersinia, listeria, and cyclospora were reported in fewer than 1 / 100,000. 5 oher enteropathogens for which diagnostic testing is readily available include Clostridium difficile, giardia, rotavirus, and Entamoeba histolytica . Additional agents of infectious diarrhea for which clinical diagnostic testing is not routinely available include enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, nteroaggregative, and enteroinvasive strains of E. coli, toxinproducing Clostridium perfringens, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and noroviruses.