Lesson 17 Always young Vocabulary
1. appear v. 登场，扮演
appear：显示，露面
≠disappear(都是不及物动词）
The plane disappeared.
The plane appeared.
appear on the stage as... 扮演...角色
Eg: My aunt appeared on the stage as young girl.
appear：露面，显得He appears nervous.
2. stage n. 舞台
on the stage：在舞台上
in the stage：在某一阶段
3. bright adj. 鲜艳的
bright red：鲜红色
bright yellow：明黄色
bright blue：宝蓝色
4. stocking n. （女用）长筒袜
sock n. 短袜
Text
1. actress：女演员actor：男演员
以-or,-er结尾的，是男性
以-ress结尾的，是女性
Eg: waiter：男服务员waitress：女服务员prince：王子princess：公主
god：神God：上帝goddess：女神
lion：公狮子lioness：母狮子
doctor：男医生woman doctor：女医生2. must be
must + 动词原形：＂不得不，必须：（对现在的）推测＂
least: little的最高级＂至少，最少＂
at most……＂最多＂
eg: She is fifteen years old.
She must be fifteen years old.
She must be at most fifteen years old.
She must be at least fifteen years old.
She must be a model.
3. in spite of：尽管
in spite of this：尽管如此
in spite of this, I still like school.
4. join:参加了某一种团体
take part in :参加某一种活动
attend：出席
join the army：参军
join us:(口)加入我们中来
attend meeting：参加会议，出席会议
5. a girl of seventeen
She is eighteen years old.
She is a girl of eighteen.
She is a old man of sixty.
6. must do：必须做＝have to; 推测
7.in…（介词）穿着...样的衣服（＋颜色、衣
服）
用介词短语取代动词，避免了一句话中出现两个动词
the boy in green.
in a bright red dress：鲜红色的连衣裙
8. ever==at any time：任何时候（时间副词）
9. grown up：（形容词短语）成年人
grow up：（人）成长
be a grown-up：作为一个成年人
Key structures——Must用法
must+原形
(1)＝have to＂不得不，必须＂
(2)（对现在的）推测
在过去时的句子中，要用have to 来表示＂必须＂have to……可以有任意时态
eg: She will have to... She had to...
She has to... She has/I have had to...
have to……作为实义动词，
否定式为:don't have to
will not have to didn't have to
对现在的推测：must do
对过去的推测：must have done
在I think, he thinks...的从句中，一定要用事实说话。
in one's opinion=I think"就某人看来＂Special difficulties
1. as:
as a young girl...(介词)"作为"
as I learned,...(代词)＂正如＂
as I am busy==because＂由于＂
as I was leaving the house...==when＂当...时＂
Do as you are told. as……方式状语从句的引导词
I work as...＂作为...工作＂
Lesson 18 He often does this! Text
I had left it on a chair beside the door and now it wasn't there!
leave 除了“离去，离开，出发”的意思，还可以表示“把（人、物）留下，遗留，丢下”等。
Have you left anything in the car?
Key structure ——have用法
1.have 作为助动词构成各种完成时和完成进行时
2.have 还可以作完全动词，当作“具有、拥有”讲时，它和have got 通常可以互换。have 做“有, 患病” 概念时, 可作为实义动词, 也可作为非实义动词。在英国英语中的疑问句和否定句中have（具有）的用法与be 相同，即可以不用助动词do 或did；在美国英语中，常用do 助动词和have 一起构成疑问句和否定句。
I don’t have a pen/a headache.
I haven’t a pen /a headache.
3.have 作完全动词时，还可以表示eat，drink，enjoy，take 等意思，这时它是行为动词，可以用于包括进行时的各种时态。当have 用于表示这些含义时，它必须与助动词do 等连用以构成疑问句或否定句。
have dinner, have a cigarette, have coffee, have a holiday, have a good time
have a swim, have a rest
have a pen, have a headache
3.三种情况have 可以用have got 取代
I have / have got a pen. “有”
I have / have got a headache. “得病”
have to = have got to
have 作“具有，拥有”讲时是状态动词，不能用于进行时态或被动语态，通常用于一般现在时。在其它时态中，一般用have 而不用have got。
You can have these apples if you want them. I’ve got a lot more.
如果你想要这些苹果你可以把它们拿走。我还有许多。
Special difficulties
1.give 的几个固定搭配
give 常用含义是“给予，交给”
gave away 赠送
He gave away all his books to the library.
give in 上交，呈交；屈服，让步，投降Give in your examination papers after you’ve finished.
You can do what you like. I will never give in. give up doing sth. 放弃，抛弃
He gave up drinking a few years ago.
give up 交出，让出
Jack has given up the watch he stole last week. Three of our officers gave themselves up to the enemy. 我方的三名军官向敌人投降了。2.Beside and Besides
beside pron. 在……旁边，在……附近Come and sit beside us.
besides a dv. 而且，并且，此外；pron. 除……之外（还）
She has so much else to do besides. 此外，她还有许多其他事要做。
I’m quite busy today. Besides, I’ve go t a bad cold. There were a lot of people at the party besides us.
