珍妮姑娘悲剧分析论文

专业：英语班级：09 姓名：Contents Introduction (5)1 Influences Brought about by Social Transformation (11)1. 1 Ethic Transmutation (11)1. 2 Moral Confusion (14)2 Causes of the Tragedy from the P erspective of Freud‘s Psychoanalysis (19)2.1 The Viewpoint of Psychoanalysis (19)2.2 Jennie‘s Psychology (21)3 Causes of the Tragedy from the Perspective of Darwinism (25)3.1 Darwinist Analysis (25)3.2 The Environment of Early 20th Century (31)4 Causes of the Tragedy from the Perspective of Feminism (38)4.1 Feminist Analysis (38)4.2 Jennie‘s Feminist Thought (40)Conclusion (44)Acknowledgement (47)Bibliography (48)AbstractIn the first half of the twentieth century, the American literature stepped onto a new stage, which is the golden time of the American literature. During these years, a lot of writers who flourished the literary world turned up. And American literature experienced an unprecedented booming period in the history. At that time, Theodore Dreiser played an incomparable role in the literary world. He is not only the most outstanding writer in the twentieth century, but also the pioneer of American modern literature. In the history of American literature, he is the first one to describe the new city life in American without any prejudice, which is the great contribution to American literature. Just because of this, he draws more and more attention of recent readers.Jennie Gerhard is Theodore Dreiser‘s second novel, which brought him first true commercial success. It told us a story about a poor girl‘s miserable life at the end of 19th century. Since it‘s publication in 1911, it was well received by critics. Many people have made a lot of analysis about th e reason of Jennie‘s tragedy. Since the researches of both domestic and abroad pay close attention on society and class, while the author of the paper will analyze Jennie‘s tragedy from Spiritual Analysis‘theory, Social-Darwinism and Feminism under the background of the special social transformation in America.At that time, because of social transition, the rapid economic development and rapid urbanization, there were a variety of social problems. In the prevailing social conditions, social ethic changes and moral confusion makes Jennie‘s tragedy a social necessity. According to Freud‘s psychoanalysis theory, analyze Jennie‘s psychological process. This is the origin of Jennie‘s tragedy. Survival of the fittest was not only the core and the sole of Darwinism, but also applies to the Social-Darwinism, that is to say, every creature in the world must face all kinds of influences and challenges from inside and outside and those who coul dn‘t adapt must be eliminated. Jennie is in the low status in the capital society, she couldn‘t be accepted by the upper class, and her final density must be abounded by the upperclass. Take family as the most important thing, Jennie Gerhard has all of the typical traditional women‘s virtues-she was pure, kind and fable; she has no dependent social status but only has to depend on men. Different from those new women who didn‘t comply with men and were independent in economy, the fate of Jenn ie Gerhard must be a tragedy. The thesis is divided into three parts to discuss the cause of Jennie‘s tragedy by mainly applying the two theories above and discuss Dreiser‘s writing features in Jennie Gerhard.The first part describes the specialty of the social transformation in which Jennie lives-on the way of rapid modernization, the social economy of Jennie‘s time developed rapidly, so as the urbanization, but there are also many social problems such as social moral crisis and ethnical transmutation, while those are important reasons which led to Jennie‘s tragedy.The second part is to explain Jennie‘s tragedy by using the theory of Freud‘s psychoanalysis. Her psychological process, include desiring for material world, submitting to reality difficulties and imagining love and marriage. These internal factors make Jennie‘s tragedy inevitable.The third part is to explain Jennie‘s tragedy by applying the Social -Darwinism. The Social-Darwinism‘s core is ―struggle for existence‖ and ―survival of the fittest‖. In The Origin of Species by Charles Darwin, natural environment play an important part in biological living. In Jennie‘s life, because of her poor family, she struggled for the existence of her family unceasingly, but was hurt again and again. So social environment is one of the factors of Jennie‘s tragedy.The last part will tell Jennie‘s tragedy from the perspective of Feminism. From the novel, one fact can be recognized, that‘s women and men are unequal at Jennie‘s time, especial for Jennie who was a traditional woman without social status, and different from those new women who required equality with men in every area. Traditional women were of flabbiness, and they suffered a lot from society, take the family as the only core of their lives and depend completely on men in economy. That was also the inevitable reason for Jennie‘s tragedy.The social environment‘s specialty, her psychology and personality, the influence of Social-Darwinism and Jennie‘s own Feminism thought are the ke y reasons for Jennie‘s tragedy, her tragedy is the result of both the inner reason and the outer reason.Key words: Jennie Gerhard;tragedy;analysis摘要二十世纪上半叶，美国文学揭开了一个新的时期，这是美国小说创作的黄金时代。