考研翻译能力训练_1_

考研英语阅读全文翻译考研英语阅读全文翻译阅读能力的测试包括阅读速度,理解程度以及记忆能力等。

要想获得满意的考研英语成绩,最根本的方法就是提高词汇量,加强阅读训练,下面就是店铺给大家准备的考研英语的阅读真题及全文翻译，欢迎大家阅读参考!Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word 'amateur' does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenthcentury, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.Although the process of professionalisation and specialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.1. The growth of specialisation in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as ________.[A] sociology and chemistry [B] physics and psychology[C] sociology and psychology [D] physics and chemistry2. We can infer from the passage that ________.[A] there is little distinction between specialisation andprofessionalisation[B] amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science[C] professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community[D] amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones3. The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate ________.[A] the process of specialisation and professionalisation[B] the hardship of amateurs in scientific study[C] the change of policies in scientific publications[D] the discrimination of professionals against amateurs4. The direct reason for specialisation is ________.[A] the development in communication [B] the growth of professionalisation[C] the expansion of scientific knowledge [D] the splitting up of academic societies>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<重点词汇：1.specialisation(专业化)即special+is(e)+ation，special(特别的;额外的)，-ise动词后缀(specialise即v.专业化)，-ation名词后缀;specialist(专家;专科医生)←special+ist后缀表“人”。

翻译考研英语冲刺：汉英互译成绩提高三步曲考研进入了真正倒计时阶段，对于广大考生来说，这个阶段，快速掌握各科短期提高成绩的技巧并加以运用是非常重要的。

在英语科目中，翻译这一部分其实是涨分最快的。

每个同学都觉得翻译特别难做，因为考研都是考的长难句，读一遍读不懂，读二遍读不懂，所以大家想放弃，正因为大家都想放弃，其实大家不知道这块特别好提分，所以，现在还有30天的时间翻译完全足以让你从最基本，哪怕你一点分都得不到，可以迅速提高到五分的状态。

建议：每天坚持用20分钟做一个长难句。

每天只需要花20分钟，30天就可以做到30个长难句，30个长难句相当于你考试已经做了五六套试题了。

因为每年考五句话，这样的话足以确保你对考研的真题非常了解了。

就是翻译的真题非常了解了。

20分钟怎么来做这么一个长难句?每天练好，把这一个长难句发挥好。

建议大家可以分为三个步骤：第一步：先花4分钟、5分钟做一遍模考题。

为什么是4分钟、5分钟呢?因为每年考研真正的考场上翻译一句话是4分钟、5分钟，这4、5分钟，模考的时候一定要注意，一定往死里做，哪怕自己单词一个都不认识，连蒙带猜，蒙出来一个答案，假设你只认识“桌子”“杯子”，既然有桌子和杯子，我马上蒙出来一句话，桌子上有一个杯子，或者杯子在桌子上。

为什么?翻译考研考的是英译汉，你让老师看到的是汉语答案，只要你认识那么一个英语单词，只要知道它的一个汉语意思就能蒙出一个正确的答案来。

这是20分钟做一句话的第一步，往死里蒙，连蒙带猜，跌跌撞撞做出来一个答案。

第二步是最重要的一步，也是这一段时间提高翻译能力最重要的一步，就是对译文进行自我修改。

就是需要根据你自己的英语阅读能力，以及你的可能在借助辞典的帮助下，或者借助一些词汇书的帮助下，这一步只查辞典，或者只看大纲单词，自己把单词稍微翻一下，然后再简单地理解一下这句话的结构。

理解结构的时候又该怎么理解呢?我认为只需要抓三点就可以了。

这句话的主干当中谁、做、什么，就是抓住这个主干，哪三点呢?第一，“谁”。

2021年考研《英语》模拟试题及答案（卷一）The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. (46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. (47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalists intellectual preparation for his or her career.(48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. (49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. (50) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.重点词汇：discipline:[记]联想记忆：dis(不)+cip(拿)+line(线)——不拿老百姓一针一线——纪律n.纪律，规定[例]Without discipline, there is no method.没有规矩，不成方圆。

2010-2015年考研英语二翻译参考Deng Lan2015年1）Think about driving a route // that’s very familiar. // It could be your commute to work, // a trip into town or // the way home.// Whichever it is, // you know every twist and turn //like the back of your hand.想象一下，你正开车行驶/驰骋在一条你非常熟悉的路线上，可能是你上班或进城或回家的道路。

无论是哪条路，你都熟悉到对他的每个迂回拐弯处都了如指掌。

（增译/尽量简洁/意译）On these sorts of trips //it’s easy to lose concentration on the driving // and pay little attention // to the passing scenery.行驶在这类道路上，你的注意力很容易分散，极少会留心沿途的风景。

（按照汉语习惯进行意译）The consequence //is that you perceive // that the trip has taken less time //than it actually has.结果，你感觉到这趟旅程所花费的时间比它实际的时间要短。

2）This is the well-travelled road effect: // people tend to underestimate the time //it takes to travel a familiar route.这就是在常开的道路上开车所产生的效果：人们倾向于低估在熟悉的道路上开车的时间。

3）The effect is caused //by the way we allocate our attention. //我们注意力的分配方式导致了这种效应。

2021年考研英语翻译真题及详细解析(英译汉)2021年考研英语英译汉试题及解析In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but (46) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.(47) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry. (48) On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. This, he thought, could not betrue, because the “Origin of Species” is one long argument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning. He was willing to assert that “I have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree.” (49) He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years. Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very great, delight. In 1881, however, he said: “Now for many years I cannot endure to read a line of poetry. I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music.” (50) Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.真题解析46. He believes / that (this very )difficulty may have had the compensating advantage (of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, // and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.) 句子结构分析(1)本句是一个主从复合句，含有一个that引导的宾语从句;其主干是he believes that (difficulty may have had the advantage).(2)宾语从句“that this very…his own observations”含有of引导的两个后置定语“of forcing him to…his own observations”;由于是分词短语作定语，且太长，翻译时要找到与主句的逻辑关系，翻译成非定语成分。

2019考研英语语法：长短句例句解析【1-5】【篇一】Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing-much like an effective exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.译文：最重要的是，它能不断地调整和改进你的训练内容，以不断强化你正在训练的能力，这与有效的日常锻炼要求你加大运动阻力并多样化运用肌肉非常相似。

分析：本句是一个复合句，包括一个主句和一个方式状语从句。

主句的主干是it(主语)+modifies and enhances(谓语)+ the games(宾语)。

you play 是省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词games。

状语to build…表示主句谓语的目的，其中又包含一个省略了that的定语从句you are developing，修饰先行词strengths。

破折号之后是一个由like引导的方式状语从句，从句的主语是aneffective exercise routine，谓语是requires，宾语是 you，不定式结构 to increase…是宾语补足语。

句首的Most importantly是程度状语。

词汇指南constantly ['kɔnstəntli](adv.)坚定不变地,始终如一地(超纲词汇)(2011年-阅读4)(ly-副词后缀)1个派生词：●constant ['kɔnstənt](adj.)固定的,不变的;持续的,永恒的(高考词汇)(2013年-阅读1、2011年-阅读3)(con-完全，stant-词根,站立→完全站着的、一动也不动的——即“固定的,不变的”，引申为“持续的,永恒的”)modify ['mɔdifai](vt.)修改,更改;缓和,减轻(CET-4)(2003年-翻译、2005年-阅读3)(mod-词根,模式;方式,方法，ify-动词后缀→源于“修改、更改”都是方法上的改变——即“修改,更改”，引申为“缓和,减轻”。

翻译硕士考研科目内容介绍本文系统介绍翻译硕士考研难度，翻译硕士就业，翻译硕士考研辅导，翻译硕士考研参考书，翻译硕士专业课五大方面的问题，凯程翻译硕士老师给大家详细讲解。

特别申明，以下信息绝对准确，凯程就是王牌的翻译硕士考研机构！一、翻译硕士考研初试参考书是什么翻译硕士初试参考书很多人都不清楚，这里凯程翻译硕士王牌老师给大家整理出来了，以供参考：英语笔译（语言服务管理）方向汉语写作与百科《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社；《中西翻译思想比较研究》，刘宓庆，中国对外翻译出版公司（2011）；《翻译研究》，思果，中国对外翻译出版公司（2011）；《问学·余秋雨：与学生谈中国文化》，余秋雨，陕西师范大学出版社；《中国翻译》期刊；翻译硕士英语《英语笔译综合能力2级》，汪福祥，外文出版社；《英语专业考研基础英语高分突破》，世界图书出版社；《英语专业考研基础英语试题》，郭棲庆，天津科学技术出版社；英语翻译基础《高级英汉翻译教程》，叶子南，清华大学出版社；《英汉简明翻译教程》，庄绎传，外语教学与研究出版社；《英语笔译实务2级》，汪福祥，外文出版社；《散文佳作108篇》，译林出版社；《英译中国现代散文选》，张培基，上海外语教育出版社；日语口译方向日语笔译方向汉语写作与百科《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社；《中西翻译思想比较研究》，刘宓庆，中国对外翻译出版公司（2011）；《翻译研究》，思果，中国对外翻译出版公司（2011）；《问学·余秋雨：与学生谈中国文化》，余秋雨，陕西师范大学出版社；《中国翻译》期刊；日语翻译基础《日语口译实务2级》，陆留弟，外文出版社；《日语口译实务3级》，邱鸣，外文出版社；提示：以上书比较多，有些书的具体内容是不需要看的，凯程授课老师届时会给大家详细讲解每个重点的内容，减少大家盲目复习。

二、翻译硕士难度大不大，跨专业的人考上的多不多?近些年翻译硕士很火，尤其是像这样的著名学校。

英汉翻译高分攻略一.近年英译汉考题内容英译汉短文内容大体上涉及当前人们普遍关注的社会生活、政治、经济、历史、文化、科普等方面的一般常识或社会、自然科学与技术常识的题材。

体裁多为议论文。

科学常识性的题材占了相当大的比重。

1990～2004年英译汉短文主题1990年：个性形成的教育(434词)；1991年:能源与农业（444词）1992年:智力评估的科学性（406词）1993年:科学研究方法（443词）1994年:天才、技术与科学发展的关系（308词）1995年:标准化教育与心理评估（364词）1996年:科学发展的动力（331词）1997年:动物的权利（417词）1998年:宇宙起源（376词）1999年:史学研究方法（326词）2000年:科学家与政府（381词）2001年:计算机与未来生活展望（405词）2002年:行为科学发展的困难（339词）2003年:人类学简介（371词）2004年:语言与思维（357词）平均值:短文词数:370词;要求翻译的词数:160词从英译汉试题内容分析，考生就应明确认识到，要想在英语考试中取得成功，必须在基本训练上狠下工夫。

首先要扩大知识面，提高自身文化素质。

考生如果熟悉试题内容，将有助于对短文的深入理解，增强信心，提高翻译水平。

考生应利用各种渠道，特别是通过大量浏览中、英文报纸杂志，扩大相关的知识面。

二.近年英译汉考题的特点从题型改革后、特别是1996年以后的试题分析，命题组更侧重考生综合运用语言的能力，题难度加大，趋向稳定。

考题要求考生在理解全句、全段或全文的基础上，把语法、词汇的意思和上下文结合起来理解，表面看上去画线的句子语法不很复杂，词汇似乎也不陌生，但翻译时很多考生觉得难以动笔，难度增大体现在:不能采用就词论词、就句子论句子的简单直译方法，而要求把词和句子放在篇章里去理解，还可强调英语习惯用法、语感和翻译技巧的掌握。

这样仅靠熟悉语法规则和孤立地背单词已远远不够了。

考研英语翻译词类及结构转换法技巧考研英语翻译词类及结构转换法技巧词汇辨析题是考研完形填空必要考察的一类题型，大家一定要掌握，虽然完型投入产出比不高，但是必要的方法技巧还是应该多看看。

店铺为大家精心准备了考研英语翻译词类及结构转换法的资料，欢迎大家前来阅读。

考研英语翻译词类及结构转换法方法一、词类转换转译成动词1.名词转换成动词经典例题: Interest in historical methods has arisen，less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.分析:interest在原文中是名词，而在译文中为了符合中文的表达方式，在不改变意思的前提下，将它改成动词。

参考译文: 人们之所以关注历史研究的方法，主要是因为史学家们内部分歧过大，其次才是因为外界并不认为历史是一门学科。

(1999年真题)经典例题: With the click of a mouse，information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the dizzying speed of seven_and_a_half times around the earth per second.参考译文: 只要一点鼠标，来自世界另一端的信息便会以每秒绕地球七周半的惊人速度传输到你的电脑屏幕上。

2.形容词转换成动词经典例题: Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easynowadays by modern means of transport.参考译文: 由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使大量人口流动变得相对容易)所造成的种种问题也会增加社会压力。

考研英语翻译电子教材主讲：唐静第一课时（FY01-1~4）开场白三个论断：1、考研英语是中国大陆组织的最难一级的英语考试2、考研翻译是考研英语中最难的一部分翻译满分10分，平均3.5分3、非英语专业，未接受翻译训练中国目前翻译现状课程安排：系统的翻译知识解决考研翻译的所有问题讲解考研真题（1994－2003）本次课讲解四个方面的问题，包括三大核心概念一、考研翻译中英汉语语言特点考生试卷中常见两种问题：1、空白2、不是人话什么是翻译翻译理论、翻译教学、翻译实践英汉语两种语言之间的转换考研翻译是把试卷上的英语弄成汉语1、英汉语两种语言的四大特点1）形合与义合突破口2）繁复与简短(62) Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.72) How well the predictions will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.63) The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.化繁复为简短：长句拆译3）被动与主动化被动为主动：少用‗被‘字4）抽象与具体化抽象为具体：根据汉语习惯增加表示范畴和概念的词来解释具体第二课时（FY02-1~4）evolution 进化in evolution 在进化过程中find v. 找到，发现finding n. 发现report their finding 汇报他们的发现成果tension 紧张ease the tension in the Middle East 缓解中东的紧张局势must 必须The Great Wall is a must for tourists. 对游客来说长城是一个必须到的地方。