考研翻译能力训练_11_

翻译考研英汉互译能力训练近年来，随着国际交流和合作的日益增多，人们对翻译能力的需求也越来越高。

对于考研生而言，英汉互译能力是他们备考中不可忽视的一环。

在这篇文章中，我们将探讨翻译考研英汉互译能力的训练方法和技巧。

首先，为了提升翻译能力，考生需要注重积累词汇。

词汇是翻译的基础，只有掌握了足够的词汇量，才能更好地理解并翻译出准确的意思。

建议考生利用词典、词汇书和语料库等工具，系统地扩充自己的词汇量。

其次，考生还需要培养自己的语感和语言表达能力。

语感是指对语言的敏感度和把握能力，而语言表达能力则决定了我们是否能准确地将一种语言表达转换为另一种语言表达。

为了培养语感和语言表达能力，考生可以多读多写，参加语言角，积极与英语母语人士进行交流等。

此外，了解文化差异也是翻译能力训练中的重要一环。

每个国家和地区的文化背景都不同，因此翻译时需要考虑到这些文化差异带来的影响。

考生在备考过程中，应该注重学习和了解英语和中文之间的文化差异，并且要能够灵活运用这些知识。

除了以上的方法和技巧，还有一些考生可能容易忽视的细节需要注意。

例如，翻译时要注意句子结构的转换和语法的准确性。

有时候，两种语言的句子结构并不相同，考生要学会理解原文的语法结构，并将其转换为合适的目标语言结构。

此外，还要注意使用恰当的短语和习惯用法，避免直译，使翻译更加自然和流畅。

最后，考生可以进行大量的练习来巩固所学知识和提高翻译功力。

练习可以包括翻译文章、句子、短语以及其他类型的文本，以此提升自己的翻译速度和准确性。

此外，还可以参加翻译比赛或与其他考生进行翻译对练，借助他人的批评和建议来提高自己的翻译水平。

综上所述，翻译考研英汉互译能力的训练需要注重词汇积累、语感培养、语言表达能力的提高以及对文化差异的了解。

此外，要注意细节的处理和大量的练习，以此全面提升自己的翻译水平。

希望以上的方法和技巧能够对考生们在备考中起到一定的帮助和借鉴作用。

祝愿所有的考生都能够取得优异的成绩！。

翻译技巧对于每一个英语句子的翻译, 并不只是使用一种翻译方法, 而是多种翻译方法的综合运用, 这在英语长句的翻译中表现得尤为突出。

无论是多么复杂的句子，它都是由一些基本的成分组成的。

其次要弄清英语原文的句法结构, 找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思, 然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系, 再按照汉语的特点和表达方式, 正确地译出原文的意思, 不必拘泥于原文的形式。

一、英语长句的分析◎一般来说, 造成长句的原因有三方面: (1) 修饰语过多;(2) 并列成分多; (3) 语言结构层次多。

在分析长句时可以采用下面的方法:找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语, 从整体上把握句子的结构。

找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。

分析从句和短语的功能, 例如, 是否为主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句等,若是状语, 它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等等)。

分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系, 例如, 定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。

注意插入语等其他成分。

注意分析句子中是否有固定词组或固定搭配。

下面我们结合一些实例来进行分析:例 1. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.分析: (1) 该句的主语为behaviorists, 谓语为suggest, 宾语为一个从句, 因此整个句子为Behaviorist suggest that-clause 结构。

(2) 该句共有五个谓语结构, 它们的谓语动词分别为suggest, is raised, are, develop, experience等, 这五个谓语结构之间的关系为: Behaviorist suggest that-clause 结构为主句; who is raised in an environment为定语从句, 所修饰的先行词为child; where there are many stimuli 为定语从句, 所修饰的先行词为environment; which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses为定语从句, 所修饰的先行词为stimuli; 在suggest的宾语从句中, 主语为child, 谓语为experience, 宾语为greater intellectual development. 在作了如上的分析之后, 我们就会对该句具有了一个较为透彻的理解, 然后根据我们上面所讲述的各种翻译方法, 就可以把该句翻译成汉语为:行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。

考研英语阅读全文翻译考研英语阅读全文翻译阅读能力的测试包括阅读速度,理解程度以及记忆能力等。

要想获得满意的考研英语成绩,最根本的方法就是提高词汇量,加强阅读训练,下面就是店铺给大家准备的考研英语的阅读真题及全文翻译，欢迎大家阅读参考!Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word 'amateur' does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenthcentury, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.Although the process of professionalisation and specialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.1. The growth of specialisation in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as ________.[A] sociology and chemistry [B] physics and psychology[C] sociology and psychology [D] physics and chemistry2. We can infer from the passage that ________.[A] there is little distinction between specialisation andprofessionalisation[B] amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science[C] professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific community[D] amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones3. The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate ________.[A] the process of specialisation and professionalisation[B] the hardship of amateurs in scientific study[C] the change of policies in scientific publications[D] the discrimination of professionals against amateurs4. The direct reason for specialisation is ________.[A] the development in communication [B] the growth of professionalisation[C] the expansion of scientific knowledge [D] the splitting up of academic societies>>>>>>答案解析<<<<<<重点词汇：1.specialisation(专业化)即special+is(e)+ation，special(特别的;额外的)，-ise动词后缀(specialise即v.专业化)，-ation名词后缀;specialist(专家;专科医生)←special+ist后缀表“人”。

考研英语翻译常出现的问题及对策考研英语翻译得分率并不高，经过观察我们可以发现，一般来说有几个失分的普遍问题。

小编为大家精心准备了考研英语翻译普遍的问题和应对方法，欢迎大家前来阅读。

考研英语翻译普遍的问题和策略1.长难句结构划分不清晰划分英语长难句结构，是理解英语句子含义的基础。

许多同学反映，一看到长句就恐慌;再加上几个不认识的单词，根本无从下手，不知道原文在表达什么，所以只能认识几个单词就翻译几个单词，写出的译文自己都不知所云。

事实上，要成功翻译一篇英文文章，既要对英语原文理解正确无误，又要把汉语表达得流畅通顺。

但在这两者中，正确理解原文既是起点也是关键。

而要做到正确理解原文，就需要有扎实的英语语言基础，特别是英语句型结构知识和正确分析英语句子结构的能力。

2.逻辑关系梳理不明确在正确理解原文句子结构的基础上，如果局限于原文的句子结构，没有真正弄懂各句之间的逻辑关系，也会造成误译。

这是因为，英语中的许多连接词本身就有不同的含义，比如 as ，既可以引导原因状语从句，也可以引导时间状语从句和定语从句，还能和其他词构成新的引导词和短语等;而且某些连接词引导的从句的表面逻辑关系与实际逻辑关系并不相同，比如所有的定语从句看起来都是作定语，但实际上有时却从原因、结果、目的或条件等方面对被修饰词加以限定，所以为了更确切地表达这种逻辑关系，往往将一些定语从句译成相应的状语从句。

另外，在正义反说或反义正说方面，还有对状语是修饰限定动词还是整句话，某些词语是作状语还是作定语，或者是否存在否定转移的理解等，都可能造成逻辑关系的误译。

3.词意把握不到位一位语言学家曾经说过：“在新的上下文里使用的每一个词都是新词。

”英语中普遍存在一些一词多义、一词多类的现象，除了一些专有名词之外，几乎没有绝对等值的词语。

正是词的这种多义性和变义性，决定了对英语词义的理解及其汉语表达是英译汉的难点所在。

所以，对于英译汉中每个词语的翻译都需要仔细斟酌，不可轻易凭经验而译。

英语二考研翻译练习题英语二考研翻译练习题考研英语二的翻译部分一直是考生们备考的重点和难点之一。

翻译练习题是考生们在备考过程中必不可少的训练工具。

下面将给出一些翻译练习题，希望对考生们的备考有所帮助。

练习题一：中文翻译成英文1. 他是一位著名的科学家，他的研究成果在国际上享有盛誉。

2. 这座城市的发展得益于政府的大力支持和人民的共同努力。

3. 这个项目的成功离不开团队成员之间的密切合作和良好的沟通。

4. 这本书的内容非常丰富，适合各个年龄段的读者阅读。

5. 在这个数字化时代，人们越来越依赖于电子设备来进行工作和生活。

练习题二：英文翻译成中文1. The rapid development of technology has greatly changed people's way of life.2. The government has implemented a series of measures to promote economic growth and improve people's livelihood.3. The company has a strong sense of social responsibility and actively participates in various public welfare activities.4. The conference attracted experts and scholars from different countries to discuss the latest research findings.5. The Internet has greatly facilitated information exchange and communication between people around the world.以上是一些常见的英语翻译练习题，通过这些题目的练习，考生们可以提高自己的翻译能力和应对考试的能力。

2021年考研英语翻译真题及详细解析(英译汉)2021年考研英语英译汉试题及解析In his autobiography, Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but (46) he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley.(47) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry. (48) On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. This, he thought, could not betrue, because the “Origin of Species” is one long argument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning. He was willing to assert that “I have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree.” (49) He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years. Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very great, delight. In 1881, however, he said: “Now for many years I cannot endure to read a line of poetry. I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music.” (50) Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.真题解析46. He believes / that (this very )difficulty may have had the compensating advantage (of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, // and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.) 句子结构分析(1)本句是一个主从复合句，含有一个that引导的宾语从句;其主干是he believes that (difficulty may have had the advantage).(2)宾语从句“that this very…his own observations”含有of引导的两个后置定语“of forcing him to…his own observations”;由于是分词短语作定语，且太长，翻译时要找到与主句的逻辑关系，翻译成非定语成分。

考研北京市考研翻译技巧与实践指南考研是每个热衷于翻译事业的学子的梦想，而在选择合适的城市进行考研也是至关重要的一步。

作为我国的首都，北京凭借其丰富的教育资源和优越的学术氛围，成为了许多考生追逐的目标。

然而，在考研过程中，翻译技巧以及实践经验的积累是非常重要的。

本文将分享一些考研北京市的翻译技巧与实践指南，以帮助考生更好地备战考试。

一、积累词汇量翻译是一个基于语言的艺术，而词汇是翻译的基础。

考生在备考期间应该注重积累词汇量，包括常用词汇、领域专业词汇、习惯用语等等。

可以通过背单词、阅读英语书籍、听力训练等方式进行积累。

此外，考生也可以参加词汇量测试，以评估自己的掌握程度并针对性地加强词汇的记忆与应用。

二、拓展阅读素材阅读是提高翻译能力的重要方式之一。

考生应多读一些关于翻译领域的经典著作、翻译理论与实践案例等，可以从中学习到不同领域的翻译技巧与经验。

同时，阅读外文原著也是非常有益的，可以提高对原文的理解和翻译能力，培养自己的语感。

三、注重翻译实践翻译实践是提高翻译技巧的有效手段。

考生可以参加翻译比赛、翻译培训班等活动，提升自己的实际翻译能力。

此外，也可以尝试找一些翻译工作进行实践，积累实际经验。

通过实践，可以更好地将理论知识与实际运用相结合，提高整体翻译水平。

四、了解行业动态了解行业动态对考生来说也是非常重要的。

翻译行业在不断发展，专业词汇和翻译技巧也在不断更新。

考生可以通过关注翻译类论坛、参与行业交流会议等途径获取最新的行业动态，关注行业变化，及时更新自己的知识储备。

五、培养适应力和应变能力翻译考试是一项高强度的任务，考生需要有良好的身心素质。

在备考期间，适当进行调节与休息，培养良好的生活作息习惯，保持积极乐观的心态。

考生还应该培养自己的应变能力，能够在考试中应对各种突发情况，保持冷静和高效。

六、借助辅助工具辅助工具在翻译过程中具有重要作用。

考生可以借助一些翻译软件、词典、语料库等工具提高翻译效率和准确性。