2014上海高三英语二模静安宝山杨浦青浦四区

宝山区2012年高三英语学科模拟测试卷 考生注意： 1、本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。

全卷共11页。

满分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

2、答第一卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号。

3、第I卷（1—16小题，25 — 80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。

第I卷中的第17—24小题、81—84小题和第II卷的试题在电脑上阅卷，其答案用黑色或蓝色钢笔或水笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。

答题时，请按题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案一律无效。

第I卷 （共105分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questionswill be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Giving advice. B. Making comments.C. Asking for permission.D. Directing the way. 2. A. A hiking plan.B. Their friend Mary. C. The weather.D. A TV programme. 3. A. To choose a proper color. B. To dress professionally.C. To reconsider the style.D. To start a new career. 4. A. He doesn’t notice anything. B. He is in the dark room.C. He couldn’t see anything at night.D. He doesn’t know the contents of the notice. 5. A. Husband and wife. B. Manager and clerk.C. Cook and waitress.D. Doctor and patient. 6. A. She stayed in her friend’s house. B. She stayed in a hotel with her friends.C. She lived near a school campus.D. She camped near the mountains. 7. A. He has no interest in wild life protection. B. He is sorry to fail in the examination. C. He can’t join the group. D. He’s already busy with the Student Union issue. 8. A. She is a middle school student. B. She works in a food processing company.C. She is in charge of the school.D. She is a CEO of the Airline. 9. A. He behaved bravely in a fire. B. He rescued a baby from a fire.C. He ran the fastest in a race.D. He jumped from a carriage which was in fire. 10. A. Enjoying the scenery. B. Commenting on a novel.C. Watching a movie.D. Grading a student’s maths assignment. Section B Passages Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. The decoration. B. The location. C. The competition. D. The menu. 12. A. They were organic. B. They were rare. C. They were nutritious. D. They were juicy. 13. A. Confused. B. Amazed. C. Anxious. D. Regretful. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The weather was cold and rainy. B. The long drive was too much for her.C. She didn’t take interest in them.D. She was afraid to climb up the mountain. 15. A. She was a single middle-aged woman. B. She was employed as a gardener.C. She grew roses in order to make a living.D. She was a woman of determination and love. 16. A. It is the first time that they have seen the roses. B. The Rose Garden was next to a small church. C. The Rose Garden was run by one woman. D. More than 1, 000 bulbs are planted every year. Section C Longer Conversations Directions: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you will be required to fulfill the task by filling in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer. Why does the woman want to have some sports?She wants to be 17 .How will the woman learnyoga?From the man’s 18 .What kind of sports does the man often play?Basketball and 19 .How many times does the man play sports every week? 20 times. Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Why was the woman told to come to the man’s office?She’s often 21 recently. What does the woman do before coming to school every morning?She 22 to some houses. What does the man decide to do to help her?To offer her 23 .How does the woman do in her studies at school? 24 .II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. 25. If you have a self-centered attitude, it is, in my view, too selfish _____ you when making friends with others.A. forB. inC. ofD. on 26. The two iPads are both in fashion and of good quality, but _____ of them are not on sale. So you’ d better make your decision as soon as possible.A. bothB. eitherC. neitherD. all 27. Vehicles made of fiberglass weigh _____ those made of metal.A. much more thanB. little thanC. much thanD. much less than 28. Don’t swim out too far from shore or you _____ drown.A. couldB. are able toC. shallD. will 29. Chinese medicine _____ using special plants that can be used for medicine.A. is normally cookingB. is normally cookedC. normally cooksD. is normally to cook 30. Since the financial crisis occurred in 2008, the unemployment of the United States _____ at the level of around 9 percent.A. has beenB. isC. had beenD. was 31. Charlotte assured Tony that they could easily find the restaurant _____ she was familiar with the area.A. althoughB. untilC. becauseD. as long as 32. Talking of greetings, sometimes it depends on the age or sex of the person _____.A. having been greetedB. greetedC. greetingD. being greeted 33. _____, Liu Wei achieved the goal many normal people couldn’t accomplish.A. As he was disabledB. Disabled as he wasC. Was he as disabledD. Disabled as was he 34. “Giving is _____ fuels us,” says Mycoskie. “Giving is our future. It’s the centre of ourbusiness, and it’s time we celebrate it.”A. thatB. howC. whetherD. what 35. Some people wear masks only in crowds, _____ they expect to come into contact with lots of germs.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. as 36. The advertisement convinced Kelly to buy the makeup by _____ her self-admiration.A. appealing toB. being appealed toC. having been appealed toD. appeal to 37. It is the duty of a teacher _____ the interest of students and pass on knowledge to them.A. to be stimulatingB. to have stimulatedC. to be stimulatedD. to stimulate 38. Badly _____ charities often give a portion of donations to their causes while spending the majority of money on salaries.A. managingB. managedC. having managedD. to be managed 39. _____ the robbery was committed, the police began searching for the criminals.A. As soon asB. As long asC. As far asD. As well as 40. Chinese medical experts have warned _____ antibiotics(抗生素) have been “heavily overused” at hospitals, which might cause serious side-effects.A. whatB. whetherC. thatD. why Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. pursuingB. conditionsC. protectD. remoteE. debateF. illegalG. contestedH. aimingI. seriesJ. decidedORGAN PIPE CACTUS NATIONAL MONUMENT, Ariz. —— On a hot desert morning last week, a group of 20 tourists gathered in the visitor center in Arizona’s Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument to attend a mandatory safety briefing (简报会before taking a guarded van tour to Quitobaquito Springs. The Springs is part of the 69 percent of the __41__border park west of Tucson that has been closed to the public since Kris Eggle was shot and killed while __42__drug runners armed with AK-47s in 2002. Organ Pipe was named “the most dangerous national park” that year and also in 2003 by the U.S. Park Rangers Lodge of the Fraternal Order of Police, before the group discontinued the__43__. The sharp increase of drug activity on Arizona’s southern border since the 1990s has turned Organ Pipe rangers into Border Patrol agents, and encouraged state lawmakers to pass several laws cracking down on (严厉打击) __44__immigrants within the state. Since 2009, the park has offered van tours to the Springs, as long as rangers armed with rifles go along to __45__the visitors. Now, ten years after Eggle’s murder, the park’s leadership has __46__to open up a portion of the closed areas to the public in March, citing improved safety __47__and a big increase in Border Patrol agents in the area. In the run-up to Tuesday's Republican presidential primary in Arizona, immigration has once again been a hotly __48__topic in the state: Mitt Romney in a __49__last week praised Arizona’s immigration laws as a “model” for the country, while President Obama’s Justice Department is appealing Arizona to turn over one of those laws, called SB1070. III.Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. During the initial stages of instructed L2( the second language) acquisition students learn a couple thousand, mainly high frequency words. Functional language proficiency, however, __50__mastery of a considerably large number of words. It is therefore __51__ at the intermediate and advanced stages oflanguage acquisition to learn a large vocabulary in a short period of time. There is not enough time to __52__the natural(largely incidental) L1( the first language) word acquisition process. Incidental acquisition of the words is only possible up to a point, __53__, on account of their low frequency, they do not __54__often enough in the L2 learning material. Acquisition of new words from authentic L2 reading texts by means of strategies such as contextual deduction(演绎) is also not a __55__for a number of reasons. There appears to be no __56__to intentional learning of a great many new words in a relatively short period of time. The words to be learned may be __57__in isolation or in context. Presentation in bilingual（双语的） word lists seems an __58__shortcut because it takes less time than contextual presentation and yields excellent short term results. Long term memory, __59__, is often disappointing so contextual presentation seems advisable. Any suggestions on how to use this in educational contexts should be based on a systematic __60__ of the two most important aspects of the L2 word learning problem, this is to say, selecting the relevant vocabulary (which and how many words) and creating the best conditions for the acquisition process. This article sets out to __61__a computer assisted word acquisition programme(CAVOCA) which tries to do exactly this: the programme operationalises current theoretical thinking about word acquisition, and its __62__ are based on a systematic list of the vocabulary relevant for the target group. To __63__its frequency, the programme was __64__ in a number of experimental settings with a paired associated method of learning new words. The experimental results suggest that an approach combining the two methods is most advisable. 50. A. inquires B. requires C. receives D. inspires 51. A. difficult B. easy C. possible D. necessary 52. A. copy B. focus C. find D. clean 53. A. howeverB. moreover C. because D. nevertheless 54. A. disturbB. seem C. occur D. disappear 55. A. solution B. approach C. problem D. wonder 56. A. official B. annual C. objective D. alternative 57. A. predicted B. presented C. postponed D. preferred 58. A. available B. outstanding C. attractive D. evident 59. A. by means of B. moreover C. in spite of D. however 60. A. focus B. analysis C. object D. target 61. A. describe B. grasp C. link D. force 62. A. conclusions B. appointments C. aspects D. contents 63. A. react B. establishC. memorize D. leave 64. A. enhanced B. invented C. contrasted D. behaved Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Submitting Homework Online In order to upload an assignment to the system properly, you must save the assignment using one of the following applications: Microsoft Word, Corel WordPerfect, or Microsoft Excel. After you complete an assignment, it is important to save your work. This ensures that assignment being uploaded to the system is the most updated version. Your word processing program may attempt to save the assignment to a default folder on your computer. We recommend creating a new folder, namedafter your course, in a location that is easy to remember, such as “My Documents.” File Name Requirements Select a file name for the assignment that is easy to remember. The file name must NOT contain spaces. Any spaces used in the file name will prevent the file from uploading to the system. File names using the extensions .rtf, .html, .zip, .jpg, or .exe are NOT allowed. Review the following examples tobe sure that you use the proper format: ( Example of an acceptable file name: lesson1.doc ( Example of an unacceptable file name: lesson 1.doc Assignment Upload Procedure Make sure you save the assignment using one of the applications previously identified and ensurethat it meets the file name requirements described above. When the file is ready to upload, follow these steps: Log into the system. Enter your address information and click the CONTINUE button. You will be routed to the “Directions” screen. Review the directions and click the CONTINUE button. You will be routed to the “Special Assignment Upload” screen. Click the BROWSE button. The “Choose File” pop-up window appears. Navigate to the location on your computer where you saved your assignment, and select the file. After you have selected the file, click the UPLOAD button to upload your assignment to the system. 65.Which file name is acceptable for submitting homework?A. research paper.docB. research paper.pdfC. researchpaper.docD. researchpaper.rtf 66.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Applications.B. Uploading steps.C. The file name.D. Code numbers. 67.The directions suggest saving an assignment to a specific folder in order to help thestudent_____.A. navigate the systemB. remember the location of the documentC. choose the appropriate applicationD. remember the document name quickly （B） SOUTH PARIS, Maine For eight students in the Wilderness Leadership class at Oxford Hills High School, a three-day weekend hike in the White Mountain National Forest sounded like a fun, challenging course requirement. But when a storm dumped up to 3 feet of snow on western Maine, a harsh learning experience turned into a crash course in winter survival. Reported missing from their scheduled meeting place in Gilead at 5:30 p.m. Sunday, the eight students and two teachers were not found until 11 a.m. yesterday [Monday], after a pilot spotted the group moving in rugged snow-blanketed area. The discovery followed an unsuccessful ground search by volunteers on snowshoes. After the group was reported missing Sunday, volunteers hiked 3 miles into the woods to look for the students. The five-hour effort turned up nothing and the decision was made to wait until yesterday morning to also canvass the area by air. A Maine Warden Service pilot lifted off and spotted the group close to their intended trail at about11 a.m. Strong airflow prevented him from descending toward the hikers but the group clearly recognized the plane as part of a search team. “They waved at the plane. They laid down, spread out, and waved,” said Mark Latti, a spokesman for the Maine Warden Service. “The pilot then guided a search party into their location.” 68.Before yesterday, the three-day weekend hike was supposed to be a _____.A. fun and relaxing excursionB. ridiculous course requirementC. crash course for wilderness survivalD. challenging learning experience 69.The underlined word “canvass” in paragraph 4 probably means _____.A. intrudeB. searchC. harvestD. exploit 70.Which of the following is in the correct order? ( The group was reported missing. ( A pilot spotted the group in the snow-blanket area. ( A rescue team arrived at the site of the accident. ( A volunteer search group set out to look for the students. ( The hikers waved to make themselves discovered.A. (((((B. (((((C. (((((D. ((((( 71.Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. The volunteers gave up the search at last because of the airflow. B. The pilot succeeded in landing besides the hikers. C. The hikers almost stuck to their planned route in spite of the heavy snow. D. The search party went into the woods by air, and saved the students out. ( C ) Being less than perfectly well-dressed in a business setting can result in a feeling of great discomfort that may well require treatment to eliminate. And the sad truth is that “clothing mismatches” on the job can ruin the day of the person who is wearing the inappropriate attire(着装)—and the people with whom he or she comes in contact. Offices vary when it comes to dress codes. Some businesses have very high standards for their employees and set strict guidelines for office attire, while others maintain a more relaxed attitude. However, it is always important to remember that no matter what your company’s attitude is regarding what you wear, you are working in a business environment and you should dress properly. Certain items may be more appropriate for evening wear than for a business meeting, just as shorts and a T-shirt are better suited for the beach than for an office environment. Your attire should reflect both your environment and your position. A senior vice president has a different image to maintain than that of a secretary or sales assistant. Like it or not, you will be judged by your personal appearance. This is never more apparent than on “dress-down days”, when what you wear can say more about you than any business suit ever could. In fact, people will pay more attention to what you wear on dress-down days than on “business professional ” days. Thus, when dressing in “business casual” clothes, try to put some good taste into your wardrobe choices, recognize that the “real” definition of business casual is to dress just one notch(等级) down from what you would normally wear of business-professional attire days. Remember, there are borders between your career and our social life. You should dress one way for play and another way when you mean business. Always ask yourself where you are going and how other people will be dressed when you get there. Is the final destination the opera, the beach, or the office? Dress properly and you will discover the truth in the principle that clothes make the man—and the woman. When in doubt, always misjudge on the side of dressing slightly more traditionally than the situation demands. 72. What is the passage mainly about? A. How to dress properly in a business setting. B. A president of a company should dress differently from a secretary or sales assistant. C. The differences between professional and casual dress. D. Improper dress will make a person feel uncomfortable. 73. Which of the following statements is true? A. Every company has strict rules regarding office dress. B. You can wear whatever you like if your company doesn’t have high standards for dressing. C. You should dress according to the business setting even when there are no fixed rules. D. In companies with relaxed rules on office dress, you can’t spot a manager among others. 74. Which statement best describes “dress-down days”? A. On dress-down days, you can wear whatever you like. B. People’s clothes on dress-down days don’t receive much attention. C. We can’t judge a person’s taste by his clothes on dress-down days. D. People are usually more careful about what they wear on dress-down days than on other occasions. 75. Which of the following is NOT the rule offered in the passage with regard to business dress? A. Remember to ask others for advice when you are not sure about what to dress. B. Think about how other guests will wear if you are invited to a dinner. C. For a business meeting and a concert, you should dress differently. D. Dress a bit traditionally if you are not sure about proper dress for a certain occasion. Section C Directions: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need. A. The comparison between renewable energy and nuclear energy B. The benefits and risks of using nuclear energy C. The reason for keeping nuclear power D. The panic caused by the leak of radiation E. The main energy source and its problems F. An ideal energy and the proportion it accounts for 76. One of the consequences of the terrible earthquake and tsunami in Japan on 11 March was, of course, a leak of radiation at the Fukushima nuclear power station on the country’s east coast. Soon afterwards, all the people living within twenty kilometres of the plant were told to leave because of the danger from the radiation. 77. The pros and cons of nuclear power always come up in debates about how the world should produce the energy it needs. Those who think the risks are too great can obviously use Chernobyl and now Fukushima in their argument, while also pointing out that nuclear waste stays radioactive for hundreds of years, and asking what might happen if terrorists ever chose to attack a nuclear power plant. Those who support nuclear power point out that a very small amount of nuclear fuel can create a huge amount of energy, and that unlike the burning of fossil fuels such as oil, coal and natural gas, nuclear power stations don’t contribute to global warming by pushing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. 78. Most of the world’s energy currently comes from fossil fuels, but this can’t go on forever. As well as the problem of global warming there is the simple fact that the Earth has a limited amount of these resources. They will eventually run out although there is a lot of disagreement about when that might be. 79. Apart from nuclear power, which currently provides less than 10% of the world’s energy, the other alternative is energy from renewable sources. These include hydropower, biofuels (made mostly from crops), wind power and solar power, and together they currently provide around 15% of the world’s energy. Some scientists think renewable energy is the great hope for the future not only because it won’t run out but also because it is less risky than nuclear power and produces far fewer greenhouse gases than burning fossil fuels. 80. Other scientists, however, believe we will never produce enough renewable energy to fill the gap when fossil fuels begin to run out. That is why, even while watching the very worrying events in Japan, they argue that nuclear power will always have to be part of the solution to the world’s energy problems. Section D Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Frogs, toads and salamanders usually make us think of green, slimy little monsters. These monsters actually belong to a very special class of animals called the amphibians. Amphibians can live both onland and in the water. They commonly inhabit ponds, rivers, marshes and other wetlands. Today, amphibians are becoming extinct very quickly from all the six continents where they are found. More than 25 countries are reporting sharp drops in the populations of amphibians. In some places, embryos (胚胎) are dying; in others, adults are missing. Why are they dying off? Scientists blame human interference. Industrial waste and toxic gases given out by factories, manufacturing plants and cars are steadily poisoning the breeding grounds of amphibians. Chemicals such as sulphur dioxide rise high into the atmosphere and mix with rain. This makes the rain acidic and thus kills off delicate amphibian embryos. More rare species of amphibians are already gone. Costa Rica's Golden toads have not been seen since 1989. The Australian Gastric Brooding frogs are extinct. Leopard frog numbers are dropping in the Rocky Mountains. Leopard frogs live in the wetland regions in these areas. The wetlands are being drained to make way for highways, industry and new housing. Another threat to the amphibians is the increased ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet rays come from the sun and are extremely harmful to living things. They can cause skin cancer in humans. Luckily for us, ultraviolet rays are blocked by a thick layer of ozone above the earth's atmosphere. Ozone is a special kind of oxygen which absorbs ultraviolet radiation. Now, the ozone layer is being destroyed by chemicals called CFC's which are given off by factories. A hole in the ozone layer was discovered over Antarctica in the late 1980’s. As a result, more ultraviolet rays are reaching the earth and more amphibians are dying. Just as the emergence of new infectious diseases such as Bird Flu are a threat to human and animal populations across the world, amphibian species are also facing their most significant threat from a little understood disease. A chytrid fungus is understood to be of the major causes of frog death across the world. (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS) 81._____________________________________indicate that amphibians are dying out quickly. 82.What’s the destructive force of acid rain? _________________________________________________________________________. 83.The ozone layer protects people by _____________________________________________. 84.List at least two major factors that lead to the extinction of amphibians. _________________________________________________________________________. 第II卷 （共45分） . Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 85. 听到要放假的消息，我们都很兴奋。

09-10学年度第二学期高三质量检测英语学科试卷考生注意：1、答第一卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名和准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号。

2、第I卷（1—16小题，25 — 80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。

第I卷中的第17—24小题、81—84小题和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。

第I卷（共105 分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. $11. B. $6. C. $7. D. $4.2. A. Buy some glasses. B. Go to her classes.C. Go to a movie.D. Get a new pair of glasses.3. A. He's not hungry.B. He has to finish his work first.C. Typing will take him a whole afternoon.D. He hates missing his lunch.4. A. She lost her job because of her laziness.B. She was asked to work longer hours.C. She was warned not to be late for work.D. She was praised for her services.5. A. Russian ballet. B. A new movie.C. A bowling match.D. A football game.6. A. Drive her to the game. B. Call her a taxi.C. Telephone Lisa.D. Lend his car.7. A. Boss and secretary. B. General manager and clerk.C. Interviewer and interviewee.D. Teacher and student.8. A. Their taste in books is different. B. She doesn’t like to read.C. The library isn’t open late.D. She only reads interesting books.9. A. She went home early. B. She came home later than expected.C. She was badly hurt.D. She went to see Mary.10. A. Peter received a large sum of money after a relative died.B. Peter heard his aunt had a lot of money.C. Peter earned some money by taking care of a relative.D. Peter was quite grateful to a relative.Section B PassagesDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Control blood pressure. B. Aid muscle movement.C. Help digestion.D. Avoid cold.12. A. It has five times the amount of vitamins A and C found in an apple.B. It contains much more fat and protein than other fruit.C. It gives people physical, mental and emotional benefits.D. Its skin can produce a great shine on your shoes.13. A. Its appearance will remain the same. B. It will spoil less quickly.C. It will go bad more quickly.D. It will never be soft.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. It was difficult for other cars to pass.B. The dog couldn’t follow his car.C. He was driving at too high a speed.D. The dog was likely to be injured.15. A. He required Railton to pay the fine.B. He took Railton to the police station.C. He asked Railton to put the dog into the car.D. He sent him home and charged him.16. A. He had never broken the traffic rules.B. He was bitterly punished for his laziness.C. It was his daily routine to walk his dog by car.D. He was too old to run after his dog.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.AppointmentName: 17 BurnsPhone number: 18Time: 2:45 p.m.Special circumstances: Just c ame back from 19 .Symptoms: Gaining weightFeeling tiredFeeling sick to the 20Vomiting in the morningsComplete the message. Write ONE WORD for each answer. Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.What does the woman think the world will be like in 50 years? There won’t be enough 21 for people to live comfortably.What’s the woman’s prediction of the oil price?It will 22 every year from now on.How will the government handle the situation? By improving the 23 .What’s the woman’s suggestion to the man?She suggests him riding a bicycle to work or24 with others.Complete the message. Write THREE WORD S for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _______ easy reach.A. nearB. uponC. withinD. around26. We are ensured that there are enough textbooks for each student to have _______ when the new semestercomes.A. itB. thoseC. oneD. them27. — She looks very happy. She _______ have passed the exam.—I guess so. It’s not difficult after all.A. shouldB. couldC. mustD. might28. — Why did you leave that company?— I _______ a better position at IBM.A. offerB. offeredC. am offeredD. was offered29. _______ more about Participant Service of Expo 2010, Shanghai China, call Hotline +86-21-962010.A. To find outB. Finding outC. Find outD. Having found out30. They are considering ____ the house before the prices go up.A. purchaseB. purchasingC. purchasedD. to purchase31. Teenagers have reached a point in their life _______ they are supposed to make decisions of their own for thefirst time.A. whichB. whereC. howD. why32. There is a great deal of research _______ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A. indicateB. indicatingC. to indicateD. to be indicating33. Evidence has been piled up _______ drinking water after getting up in the morning contributes to one’shealth.A. whatB. whichC. ifD. that34. Many experts believe that teachers’ development is _______ the key to better education lies.A. thatB. whatC. whereD. which35. The cause he had devoted himself to _______ a perfect success.A. provingB. provedC. was provedD. has been proved36. Only when you leave your parents for college education _______ how much you love them.A. do you realizeB. you realizeC. you will realizeD. will you realize37. Bad habits, _______ formed, are difficult, and sometimes impossible to shake off.A. onceB. beforeC. untilD. unless38. — Did you take enough money with you?— Yes, but I spent _______ I had expected.A. not so many asB. as many asC. much more thanD. much less than39. —I’ve read another essay this week.— Well, maybe _______ is not how much you read but what you read that matters.A. thisB. thatC. thereD. it40. ______along either bank of Huangpu River, trees and flowers added beauty to the newly-decorated bund.A. PlantingB. PlantedC. To plantD. To be plantedSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. involveB. analysisC. immediatelyD. certainE. worthF. remarksG. upsetH. slightlyI. respondJ. noteWhy does a woman have the last (and longest) laugh? The answer is that women enjoy a joke more once they get it. If you tell a woman a joke and get a blank look, don’t 41 despair. She’s just taking her time to understand it. But if the punchline（妙语）does eventually make her laugh it will be 42 the wait.Scientists have found that while women are slower than men at getting jokes, they enjoy them more when they truly understand. Research shows that women use their brain more than men to process witty 43 and have less expectation that they will be funny.When a joke does hit the right 44 , however, women derive more pleasure from it. Scientists asked ten men and te n women to look at dozens of black and white cartoons and rate them on a “funniness scale”. During the process they underwent sophisticated scans that mapped which parts of their brain were lighting up and timed how long it took them to 45 to a joke. The women tended to use 46 parts of their brain. Professor Allan Reiss said: “We found greater activity in the parts of their brain in women, showing women are processing stimuli that 47 language areas of the brain.”The 48 of a “feelgood” brai n region also revealed that men and women have different attitudes to humour. Experts said: “Women appeared to have less expectation of a reward. So they were more pleased about it.” The funnier the cartoon, the more the women’s parts of their brain lit up. This was not the case for men. The women took 49 longer than the men to react to jokes that were funny — but were quicker to spot the “truth”.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.People with a positive attitude toward aging can adjust very well when individual circumstances change. Their positive outlook allows them to 50 to the inevitable physical and biochemical changes of the body that are associated with the natural 51 of aging. With a healthy outlook on the golden years, even unpredictable setbacks and disabilities can be managed 52 .Individual genetic makeup (基因构造) explains the great 53 in the aging rate. Some seniors experience more challenges than others of the same age, and some seniors continue to function better than many younger people. But genetics only 54 about 30 percent of aging. Most of the changes we associate with age 55factors such as diet and exercise habits; lifestyle issues, including over 56 of alcohol and tobacco, and psychological traits.We can make healthy lifestyle choices by staying 57 both physically and mentally and by 58 a healthy diet. Some of the setbacks associated with advancing age such as 59 eyesight, loss of hearing, forgetfulness, weakness can be forestalled with some active intervention（干预）.Growing older does not always mean you see poorly. Many older people have 60 good eyesight well into their eighties and beyond. However, the single greatest contributor to vision loss is a lifetime of 61 to damaging ultraviolet (紫外线) radiation in sunlight.Carotenoids（类胡萝卜素）, a nutrient found in brightly colored vegetables and fruits, are powerful protectors against free-radical damage. Research shows that simply eating leafy greens and other foods rich in these protective nutrients can 62 vision loss.Problems with hearing can create 63 and insecurity in later years. One of the major causes of age-related hearing loss is damage to the hair cells in the inner ear that transmit sounds to the brain. These hair cells and their nerve endings can be damaged by infections, genetic diseases, or treatment with certain drugs. The most common cause, 64 , is loud noise.50. A. stick B. devote C. adapt D. lead51. A. progress B. process C. program D. project52. A. successfully B. purposefully C. unwillingly D. carefully53. A. surprise B. variation C. increase D. possibility54. A. relies on B. accounts for C. results from D. lies in55. A. involve in B. relate to C. combine with D. substitute for56. A. reputation B. enjoyment C. consumption D. encouragement57. A. active B. calm C. efficient D. diligent58. A. maintaining B. feeding C. surviving D. controlling59. A. keen B. failing C. sharp D. remote60. A. generally B. frequently C. relatively D. occasionally61. A. contribution B. introduction C. explanation D. exposure62. A. cure B. relieve C. reduce D. suffer63. A. communication B. isolation C. competition D. occupation64. A. therefore B. otherwise C. moreover D. howeverSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)From snow-clogged mountain roads to desert highways, freeways to crowded city streets, Californians face a variety of tough driving conditions. But thanks to savvy driving, they consume proportionately less gasoline the rest of the nation. Here, some tips from the Golden State that will help drivers all over the country to get up to 25% more miles per gallon! By SUSAN NESTORFREEWAY FRENZY●Try to maintain a steady speed — especially on freeways and expressways. Never exceed a steady 55 mph.Varying speed by as little as 5mph can reduce mileage by 1.5 miles per gallon. Avoid constant lane changes to “get ahead.”●Buy radial tyres. If you do a lot of expressway driving, they can increase mileage by as much as 10%. Your fuel savings will pay for the higher tyre price.ON CITY STREETS● Plan your route. City driving consumes about 50% more fuel than highway driving (100% more in crowed traffic). Always choose a route with synchronized traffic signals to get the best run for your money.● Avoid unnecessary braking. Anticipate（预期）traffic light changes; it takes a lot of extra gas to get the car up to speed again.COLD●In winter, keep the car in a garage. It will start up easier, and start-up time is when you use the most gasoline. No garage? Cover the engine compartment with an old blanket or rug to shield it from cold winds; remove before starting up.●Remove all ice and snow. Driving in snow consumes more gas anyway; no sense hauling around extra weight.65. All these above are ______ for drivers.A. noticesB. tipsC. lessonsD. advertisements66. Highway driving can use about ______ fuel than city driving.A. 20% moreB. 20% lessC. 50% moreD. 50% less67. Which of the following is TRUE?A. In winter, you will have difficulty starting up a car if it is kept in a garage.B. Drivers should avoid necessary breaking and constant lane changes.C. A steady 65 mph is the ideal speed to save gasoline.D. Radial tyres can help increase mileage in expressway driving.(B)Martin Luther King, Jr., is well known for his work in civil rights and for his many famous speeches, among them his moving “I Have a Dream” speech. But few people know much about King’s childhood, Martin Luther as he was called was born in 1929, in Atlanta, Georgia, at the home of his maternal grandfather. Martin Luther’s grandfather, the Reverend A.D. Williams, purchased their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909, 28 years before Martin Luther was born. The Reverend A.D. Williams, an eloquent speaker, played an important role in the community because so many people’s lives centered around the church. He allowed his church and his home to be used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks. Martin Luther grew up in this atmosphere, with his home being used as community gathering place, and was no doubt influenced by it.Martin Luther’s childhood was not especially memorable. His father was a minister and his mother was a musician. He was the second of three children, and he attended all-black schools in a black neighbourhood. The neighbourhood was not poor, however, Auburn Avenue was the main artery through a prosperous neighbourhood that he had come to symbolize achievement for Atlanta’s black people. It was area of banks, insurance companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, lawyers and other black-owned or black-operated businesses and services. Even in the face of Atlanta’s segregation (种族隔离), district thrived. Dr. King never forgot the community spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial prejudice（歧视）that was a seemingly insurmountable barrier that kept black Atlantans from mingling with whites.68. This passage mainly gives an account of ______.A. the prejudice that existed in AtlantaB. Martin Luther’s grandfatherC. Martin Luther King’s childhoodD. the neighbourhood where King grew up69. According to the author, King was influenced by ______.A. community spiritB. black lawyerC. his motherD. his grandfather’s speeches70. The word “mingling” in paragraph 2 is the closest in meaning to ______.A. interferingB. consumingC. associatingD. meeting71. This passage tells us that Martin Luther King, Jr. ______.A. had a difficult childhoodB. was a good musician when he was a boyC. loved to listen to his grandfather speakD. grew up in a relatively rich area of Atlanta(C)A weather map is an important tool for geographers. A succession of three or four maps presents a continuous picture of weather changes. Weather forecasters are able to determine the speed of air masses and fronts（冷暖空气团接触的锋）to determine whether an individual pressure area is deepening or becoming shallow and whether a front is increasing or decreasing in intensity. They are also able to determine whether an air mass is retaining its original characteristics or taking on those of the surface over which it is moving. Thus, a most significant function of the map is to reveal a synoptic picture of conditions in the atmosphere at a given time.All students of geography should be able to interpret a weather map accurately. Weather maps contain an enormous amount of information about weather conditions existing at the time of observation over a large geographical area. They reveal in a few minutes what otherwise would take hours to describe. The United States Weather Bureau issues information about approaching storms, floods, frosts, droughts, and all climatic conditions in general. Twice a month it issues a 30-day “outlook” which is a rough guide to weather conditions likely to occur over broad areas of the United States. These 30-day outlooks are based upon an analysis of the upper air levels which often set the stage for the development of air masses, fronts, and storms.Considerable effort is being exerted today to achieve more accurate weather predictions. With the use of electronic instruments and earth satellites, enormous gains have taken place recently in identifying and trackingstorms over regions which have but few meteorological stations (气象站). Extensive experiments are also in progress for weather modification（改变）studies. But the limitations of modification have prevented meteorological results except in the seeding of super-cooled, upslope mountainous winds which have produced additional orographic (山岳形态的) precipitation on the windward side of mountain ranges. Nevertheless, they have provided a clearer understanding of the fundamentals of weather elements.72. By reading weather maps, students majoring in geography can .A. design a project of weather modificationB. interpret the weather condition before the time of observationC. obtain data on atmospheric conditions over a wide areaD. survey ever-changing fronts in local meteorological stations73. A thirty-day forecast is determined by examining .A. daily weather mapsB. upper air levelsC. satellite reportsD. changing fronts74. The observation of weather conditions by satellites is advantageous because ______.A. electronic instruments are usedB. it enables man to alter the weatherC. it makes weather prediction more time-consumingD. information not obtained readily otherwise can be gained75. At the present time, experiments are being conducted in .A. controlling and influencing weatherB. determining density of pressure groupsC. 30-day “outlooks”D. predicting stormsSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. The power and habit of thinkingB. The value of previous educationC. The correctness in using mother tongueD. The development of an educated manE. The possession of gratitudeF. Refined and natural manners76.The first characteristic of an educated man is the precision of the use of the native language. When one hears English well spoken, with pure diction, correct pronunciation, and an almost unconscious choice of the right word, he recognizes it at once. How much easier he finds it to imitate English of the other sort.77.When manners are artificial and forced, no matter what their form, they are bad manners. When, however, they are the natural expression of fixed habits of thought and action, and when they reveal a refined and cultivated nature, they are good manners. There are certain things that gentlemen do not do, and they do not do them simply because they are bad manners.78.Human beings for the most part live wholly on the surface or far beyond the present moment and that part of the future that is quickly to follow it. They do not read those works of prose and poetry which have become classic because they reveal power and habit of reflection and induce that power and habit in others. When one reflects long enough to ask the question how? He is on the way to knowing something about science.79.An educated man continues to grow and develop from birth to his dying day. His interests expand, his contacts multiply, his knowledge increases, and his reflection becomes deeper and wider. It would appear to be true that not many human beings, even those who have had a school and college education, continue to grow after they are twenty-four or twenty-five years of age. By that time it is usual to settle down to life on a level of more or less contented intellectual interest and activity. The whole present-day movement for adult education is a systematic and definite attempt to keep human beings growing long after they have left school and college, and therefore, to help educate them.80.The more visionary dreamer, however charming or however wise, lacks something that an education requires. The power to do may be exercised in any one of a thousand ways, but when it clearly shows itself, that is evidence that the period of discipline of study and of companionship with parents and teachers has not been in vain. SectionＤDirections:Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Exceptional children are different in some significant ways from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance of the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society’s understanding — the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.“All men are created equal,” we heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. Although the phrase was used by this country’s founders to indicate equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children — the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capability, whether that capability is small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children — disabled or not — to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.）81. This passage is concerned primarily with the necessity of adapting ________________.82. What affects the growth of exceptional children according to the author?83. People have shown great interest in the education of exceptional children over the last three decades becausethey believe that ________________________________________.84. According to the passage, what does “All men are created equal” mean to the country’s founders?第II卷（共45 分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.85. 父亲听到这个消息很兴奋。

2024届上海市部分区高三下学期二模英语试题汇编六选四2024届上海市青浦区高三下学期二模英语试题Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. The reaction is caused by nerves that reach into the airway.B. Scientists know about many different stimuli that can cause cough.C. Many infections involve dry coughs that don’t produce phlegm (痰) at all.D. We can’t really detect virus any more in these individuals, and yet they’re still coughing.E. But at least temporarily, they can send us into coughing even when we’re no longer sick.F. Scientists still aren’t sure exactly why otherwise healthy people experience this kind of persistent cough.Why Are You Still CoughingHave you caught a cold recently — but can’t get rid of the cough You’re not alone. The symptom can stick around for weeks after our bodies have cleared a virus. Michael Shiloh, a physician specializing in infectious disease research at UT Southwestern Medical Center, says coughing patients often report that they were sick as many as eight weeks prior to seeing him. He says, “____67____”The United States saw a sharp rise in cases of influenza in late 2023 that’s dragged on into 2024. And though positive tests for the illness have leveled off or decreased countrywide over the past weeks, the number of people seeking healthcare for respiratory (呼吸的) diseases is still elevated across much of the U.S. ____68____ But research on how infections affect nerves in the airway is revealing new clues.Coughing is an important reaction that protects the airway from dangers like water or bits of mis-swallowed food, says doctor and researcher Lorcan McGarvey of Queen’s University Belfast. ____69____ These nerves are decorated with receptor (受体) proteins that react to everything from cold air to hot pepper. When a stimulus causes those receptors, nerves send signals to the brain that we experience as the urge to cough.While it may seem obvious that coughing is meant to clear our throats, it’s also possible that viruses cause the reaction to help themselves spread. ____70____ And if we do ultimately cough to clear out our airway during an infection, that still wouldn’t explain what exactly our nerves sense during an infection that causes a cough.“We don’t know,” says electrophysiologist Thomas Taylor-Clark of the University of South Florida. “But what we can say is that we do know some things, one being that viruses cause infection.”2024届上海市金山区高三下学期二模英语试题Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Young consumers no longer blindly chase trendy or luxury items.B. They excel in using mobile devices and social media for getting information.C. Their tendency to pay much leads to the development of products and services.D. Their changing behaviors in consumption have promoted high-quality products.E. In fact, young people are slowly becoming the main force in the consumer market.F. They are willing to pay for products with unique features and innovative services.The young lead new trends in consumption marketWith the post-1990 generation becoming a vibrant (充满活力的) force in society and the post-2000 generation gradually entering the workforce, the purchasing power of the new generation of consumers has been steadily growing.(67) _______________________ Growing up in the internet era, the young consumers generally have higher education levels and a broader global outlook, and come from a relatively strong economic background. As such, their consumption behavior is different from that of the earliergenerations.In terms of consumption pattern, online shopping has become the top choice for young people. Young people not only comprise a comparatively high percentage of internet users but also tend to shop online. (68) _______________________ This makes them easily influenced by product promotions and influencers on social media.And yet a trend toward rational consumption has been growing rapidly over the past few years. (69) _______________________ Instead, they focus more on product quality and functionality. They tend to compare products and services, and do some research before making purchasing decisions, in order to get the best out of their purchase. According to a study conducted by the Social Survey Center of China Youth Daily, 90.1 percent of the 1,000 young respondents said their consumption decision is based on the “spending where necessary and saving where possible” principle. Besides, young consumers seek more personalized and diversified products, reflecting their emotional needs and increasing sense of self-worth. (70) _____________________When it comes to brand cognition, young consumers seem to favor domestic products. Thanks to information online, young consumers no longer blindly pursue foreign brands and instead prefer local brands, highlighting their confidence in Chinese-made products. From Li-Ning, Anta to Warrior shoes, domestic brands in various fields are beingwarmly welcomed by young consumers.2024届上海市嘉定区高三二模考试英语试题SectionC（8分）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. They highly recognized the effectiveness of TCM, especially its use in pain treatment.B. Even when drinking herbal milk tea, it's best to make choices accordingly.C. Being extensive and far-reaching, TCM is deeply connected with Chinese philosophy.D. Overseas students of TCM, like Phan, are not rare.E. This led her to major in TCM at a traditional medical school in China.F. Many other Chinese medicine institutions have adopted similar strategic initiatives.Global Rise of TCMPhan Thi Kim Chi's connection with Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM）began at an early age. Growing up in a small village in Vietnam, it was inconvenient for Phan to travel to hospitals in neighboring cities. Whenever she caught a cold or experienced a headache as a child, her family would seek the help of a local TCM practitioner. 67 According toPhan, even though TCM has long been commonly practiced and accepted in Vietnam, finding a good school to learn TCM in Vietnam is not easy.As a foreign student, Phan finds the TCM basic theory course to be the most challenging one in the curriculum. 68 It requires years of learning and practice to truly understand the concepts of yin and yang, harmony between human and nature, and the five elements of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. Sometimes she even translates the TCM vocabulary and scripts into Vietnamese so she can remember and comprehend them better.69 According to a report, the total number of international students studying TCM in China was 8, 187 last year, with the largest population of 6, 441 coming from Asian countries, followed by 832 from Africa and 432 from Europe. Also, many Chinese medical universities had projects that sent professors overseas to teach TCM.The booming situation of TCM is not limited to schools and clinics. It has also become a lifestyle choice for many young people. There is a trend among young people to place more emphasis on health conditioning and preservation. However, experts remind that TCM emphasizes the importance of diagnosing and treating based on identifying syndromes （症状）. It is impossible to offer a one-size-fits-all approach to all patients. 702024届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.And so, what once took your breath away becomes part of life’s furniture. But could it be that many of our lives are already better than we recognize Habituation to the good drives you to move forward and progress. But if we can make the constant less so, our attention will naturally turn back to it. Rather than focus on how to see our life better, we need to learn to better our life. The good news is that you can dishabituate.Your Life Is Better Than You ThinkThe undeniable popularity of self-help books, wellness podcasts, and happiness workshops reflects the constant human desire to make life better. 67While we may have a loving family, a good place to live, and a decent job, we often fail to notice those things. It’s not because we are ungrateful or stupid, but it’s because of a basic feature of our brain, known as habituation.Habituation is the tendency of neurons to fire less and less in response to things that are constant. You enter a room filled with roses and after ashort while, you cannot detect their scent any longer; and just as you get used to the smell of fresh flowers, you also get used to a loving relationship, to a promotion, to a nice home, to a wonderful work of art. Like the front page of a daily newspaper, your brain cares about what recently changed, not about what remained the same. 68 You habituate to it—you fail to notice and respond to elements of your life which you previously found amazing.69 That is, you can suddenly start perceiving and responding to things to which you have become desensitized.The key is taking small breaks from your daily life. For example, when people return home from a long business trip, they often find their old life has “reshined.” Ordinary things suddenly seem amazing. If something is constant, we often assume (perhaps unconsciously) that it is there to stay, and as a result, we focus our attention and effort on the next thing on our list. 70 If it is good at its core, it may just reshine. This is why time away, however short, will enable you to perceive your life with fresh eyes—and to break up reality.2024届上海市松江区高三下学期模拟考质量监控（二模）英语试卷Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.A．Labeling poses even more of a problem when it comes to kids. B．It can be helpful for those not quite able to understand why they feel the way they do. C．There seems to be a desire to see negative emotions as something requiring intervention or diagnosis. D．Labeling leads to children’s overcoming their addiction to what is posted online. E．Someone has had only a certain experience and judges all behavior with that experience. F．The basic function of a diagnosis is to give you a name for those behaviors once felt unusual.Addiction to LabelingMaybe you’ve noticed it in the comments section of popular social media posts about anxiety. depression or things alike, with a number of people claiming to pick these labels for themselves.These days, labeling is everywhere. （67）______ However, the negative part is that it’s easy for someone to identify with the characteristics without truly recognizing the context in which these characteristics would require diagnosis, according to Charlotte Armitage, a registered integrative psychotherapist and psychologist.If you have done your research and genuinely feel that you have some form of mental health concern, then finally having a name for your behaviors can be great. But the risk is that many people will seek labels and intervention for any behavior, pattern or emotion that is outside of the permanent happy group that society has set as the norm. “（68）______ Then the saying ‘a little bit of knowledge is dangerous’ springs to my mind,” Armitage adds.（69）______“Children are still developing and evolving, and many childhood behavioral features may seem like those of a disorder when there’re other potential explanations for that behavior,” Armitage notes. Ideally, a diagnosis for a child should be carried out by a qualified mental health professional. So it is with an adult.Nevertheless, the most important thing to bear in mind is that diagnosis doesn’t mean to indicate that you are broken or less capable.（70）______ And if you go deeper, it can alert you to the fact that you are not alone, and that many people experience life in the same way as you do.参考答案2024届上海市青浦区高三下学期二模英语试题67-70 DFAC2024届上海市金山区高三下学期二模英语试题67-70.EBAF2024届上海市嘉定区高三二模考试英语试题67-70 ECDB2024届上海市虹口区高三下学期二模英语试题67-70: BAFD2024届上海市松江区高三下学期模拟考质量监控（二模）英语试卷67-70 BEAF。

XX市杨浦、静安、宝山、青浦四区2014届高三地理下学期质量调研（四区二模）新人教版（考试时间：120分钟，满分：150分）1、答题前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、XX、XX号填写清楚，并认真核对XX号与填涂数字的一致。

2、选择题部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题部分使用0.5毫米以上蓝、黑色字迹的钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。

3、请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

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一、选择题（共60分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确答案）（一）中国南极第四个考察站——泰山站于2014年2月建成。

读“我国南极考察站分布图”。

1．四个考察站中，地理坐标最接近62°S，59°W的是A．长城站 B．XX站C．昆仑站 D. 泰山站2．结合所学知识分析下列叙述正确的是A．XX站常年吹东北风B．昆仑站气压最高C．泰山站光照时间最长D．长城站降水量最大（二）下图为我国某地地形发育示意图。

3．图中甲地反映的地形主要分布在我国的A．黄土高原 B．云贵高原 C．XX高原 D．准噶尔盆地4．图中地形的发育主要受到的外力影响是A．流水侵蚀 B．风力侵蚀 C．冰川侵蚀 D．流水沉积5．在甲地建设铁路面临的主要困难最可能是A．冻土和冰川 B．地质基础不稳固 C．沼泽、软土 D．流沙和水土流失（三）读①②③三地气温与降水统计表。

1月4月7月全年气温(℃) 21.3 28 23.9 24.1 ①降水量(mm) 1 32 106 905气温(℃) 24.6 30.9 30.7 28.8 ②降水量(mm) 27 12 121 1 541气温(℃) 26.8 29.6 26 27.5 ③降水量(mm) 2 84 770 3 063 6．上表为右图中甲乙丙三地的气候资料，下列对应关系正确的是A．甲—③；乙—②；丙—①B．甲—②；乙—①；丙—③C．甲—②；乙—③；丙—①D．甲—③；乙—①；丙—②7．右图中甲乙丙三地气候的叙述，正确的是A．三地7月平均气温均高于4月B．三地4月降水量均高于7月C．甲、乙两地气候差异的主导因素是地形D．甲、丙两地气候差异的主导因素是洋流（四）俄罗斯南部城市索契是2014年冬奥会举办城市。

上海市静安、杨浦、青浦、宝山四区2014届高三模拟理科数学试卷（带解析）1．在实数集R 上定义运算*：(1)x y x y *=⋅-．若关于x 的不等式()0x x a *->的解集是集合{|11}x x -≤≤的子集，则实数a 的取值范围是（ ）. A.[0,2] B. [2,1)(1,0]--- C. [0,1)(1,2] D.[2,0]-【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：依题意()0x x a *->可得(1)0x x a -+>.由于解集为{|11}x x -≤≤，所以011a <+≤或110a -≤+<，即10a -<≤或21a -≤<-.当1a =-时，解集为空集，所以成立.故选D.考点：1.新定义问题.2.不等式的解法.3.集合间的关系.2．“1=ω”是“函数x x x f ωω22cos sin )(-=的最小正周期为π”的（ ）. A.充分必要条件 B.充分不必要条件 C.必要不充分条件 D.既不充分又必要条件 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：因为x x x f ωω22cos sin)(-=可化为()cos 2f x x ω=-.所以可得1=ω是函数()f x 最小正周期为π的充分条件.由于函数的最小正周期为π,则2,12T ππωω==∴=±.所以必要性不成立.故选B.考点：1.三角函数的恒等变形.2.充要条件的知识.3．若圆柱的底面直径和高都与球的直径相等,圆柱、球的表面积分别记为1S 、2S ,则1S :2S =（ ）.A.1:1B.2:1C.3:2D.4:1 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：假设球的半径为r .则圆柱的底面半径为r .高为2r .所以圆柱的表面积为216S r π=.球的表面积为224S r π=.所以12:3:2S S =.故选C.考点：1.圆柱的表面积.2.球的表面积.3.方程的思想.4．函数()f x 的定义域为实数集R ，⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<≤--≤≤=.01,1)21(,10,)(x x x x f x 对于任意的x R ∈都有(1)(1)f x f x +=-.若在区间[1,3]-上函数()()g x f x mx m =--恰有四个不同的零点，则实数m 的取值范围是（ ）.O xyA.10,2⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦ B.10,4⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭ C.10,2⎛⎤ ⎥⎝⎦ D.10,4⎛⎤⎥⎝⎦ 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：因为对任意的x R ∈都有(1)(1)f x f x +=-，所以函数()f x 的周期为2. 由在区间[1,3]-上函数()()g x f x mx m =--恰有四个不同的零点，即函数()f x mx m =+在[1,3]-上有四个不同的零点.即函数()y f x =与函数()h x mx m =+在[1,3]-有四个不同的交点.所以0(3)1h <≤.解得1(0,]4m ∈.故选D. 考点：1.分段函数的性质.2.函数的周期性.3.函数的等价变换.5．已知j i ,是方向分别与x 轴和y 轴正方向相同的两个基本单位向量，则平面向量j i +的模等于 .【解析】试题分析：由2i j +=.考点：向量的模的含义. 6．二阶行列式ii i ++-1101的值是 . （其中i 为虚数单位）【答案】2【解析】 试题分析：由ii i ++-1101可得(1)(1)2i i -+=.考点：1.行列式的运算.2.复数的运算.7．二项式7)1(+x 的展开式中含3x 项的系数值为_______________. 【答案】35 【解析】试题分析：717r rr T C x -+=.依题意可得73,4r r -=∴=.所以展开式中含3x 项的系数值为35.考点：1.二项式定理的展开式.2.项的系数的概念.8．已知圆锥的母线长为5,侧面积为π15,则此圆锥的体积为__________.(结果中保留π) 【答案】12π 【解析】试题分析：由圆锥的母线长为5,侧面积为π15.则根据12s lr =.即可求出圆锥的底面周长6π.从而解出底面半径3r =.再求出圆锥的高4h =.根据体积公式213V r h π= 12π=.考点：1.圆锥曲线的侧面积.2.圆锥曲线的体积公式.3.图形的展开前后的变化. 9．已知集合{}sin ,A y y x x R ==∈，{}21,B x x n n Z ==+∈，则A B = .【答案】{1,0,1}- 【解析】试题分析：依题意可得集合{11}A y y =-≤≤，集合{,1,0,1,}B =⋅⋅⋅-⋅⋅⋅.所以A B ={1,0,1}-.考点：1.集合描述法表示.2.三角函数的值域.10．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，若圆22(1)4x y +-=上存在A ，B 两点，且弦AB 的中点为(1,2)P ，则直线AB 的方程为 . 【答案】30x y +-= 【解析】试题分析：假设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y .AB 的中点坐标为00(,)x y .所以可得22112222(1) 4(1) 4 x y x y ⎧+-=⎪⎨+-=⎪⎩①②.由①-②可得001AB x k y =-.即1AB k =-.所以:30AB l x y +-=. 考点：1.点差法的应用.2.直线与圆的位置关系.3.直线方程的表示. 11．已知1log log 22=+y x ，则y x +的最小值为_____________.【答案】【解析】试题分析：由1log log 22=+y x 可得2log ()1,2xy xy =∴=.又y x +≥=.当且仅当x y =时取等号. 考点：1.对数的知识.2.基本不等式.12．已知首项31=a 的无穷等比数列{}n a )(*N n ∈的各项和等于4，则这个数列{}n a 的公比是 ． 【答案】14【解析】试题分析：首项31=a 的无穷等比数列{}n a )(*N n ∈，设公比为q ,由各项和等于 4.即341q=-.解得14q =.考点：无穷等比数列的求和公式.13．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，曲线1C 的参数方程为⎩⎨⎧==,sin 2,cos 2ααy x （α为参数），O 为坐标原点，M 为1C 上的动点，P 点满足2OP OM =，点P 的轨迹为曲线2C ．则2C 的参数方程为 .【答案】4cos 4sin x y αα=⎧⎨=⎩（α为参数）【解析】试题分析：设点(,)P x y .由2OP OM =，可得4cos 4sin x y αα=⎧⎨=⎩.即2C 的参数方程为4cos 4sin x y αα=⎧⎨=⎩（α为参数）. 考点：1.参数方程的知识.2.向量相等.14．阅读右面的程序框图，运行相应的程序，输出的结果为 .【答案】138【解析】 试题分析：由程序框图可知，x=1,y=1,z=2;当x=2,y=3,z=5;当x=3,y=5,z=8;当x=5,y=8,z=13;当x=8,y=13,z=21.由21>20.所以退出循环.即可得138y x =. 考点：1.程序框图.2.数的交换运算. 15．从5男和3女8位志愿者中任选3人参加冬奥会火炬接力活动，若随机变量ξ表示所选3人中女志愿者的人数，则ξ的数学期望是 ． 【答案】98【解析】试题分析：由8位志愿者中任选3人参加冬奥会火炬接力活动共有3856C =种情况.所以3510(0)5656C P ξ===.215330(1)5656C C P ξ===.125315(2)5656C C P ξ===.03531(3)5656C C P ξ===.所以ξ的数学期望是30151639()23565656568E ξ=+⨯+⨯==. 考点：1.概率问题.2.数学期望.16．设各项均不为零的数列{}n c 中，所有满足01<⋅+i i c c 的正整数i 的个数称为这个数列{}n c 的变号数.已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和442+-=n n S n ，nn a b 41-=（*N n ∈），则数列{}n b 的变号数为 . 【答案】3【解析】试题分析：由数列{}n a 的前n 项和442+-=n n S n ，所以11a =.当2n ≥时，125n n n a S S n -=-=-.所以42912525n n b n n -=-=--.当10i i bb +<（正整数i ）时，即292702523i i i i --⋅<--.所以3522i <<或7922i <<.所以i=2,4又因为1235150bb =-⨯=-<，所以i=1.所以数列{}n b 的变号数为3.考点：1.数列的求和公式.2.数列与不等式交汇.3.分类归纳的思想.4.递推的数学思想. 17．已知定义在[)+∞,0上的函数)(x f 满足)2(3)(+=x f x f .当[)2,0∈x 时x x x f 2)(2+-=.设)(x f 在[)n n 2,22-上的最大值为n a ，且数列}{n a 的前n 项和为n S ，则=∞→n n S lim . （其中*N n ∈）【答案】32【解析】试题分析：依题意可得函数2222 [0,2)1(68) [2,4)3()1(1024) [4,6)9x x x x x x f x x x x ⎧-+∈⎪⎪-+-∈⎪=⎨⎪-+-∈⎪⎪⋅⋅⋅⎩.所以11a =，213a =，319a =，…，113n n a -=.所以数列}{n a 是一个首项为1，公比为13的等比数列.所以31(1)23n n S =-.所以=∞→n n S lim 32.考点：1.函数的性质.2.数列的通项.3.函数的最值.4.极限问题.18．正方形1S 和2S 内接于同一个直角三角形ABC 中，如图所示，设α=∠A ，若4411=S ，4402=S ，则=α2sin .ABCDEFS 1 αABCPNF S 2αMQ【答案】110【解析】试题分析：依题意可得4411=S ，所以21FD =，4402=S ,所以MQ =.所以21cos sin AF αα=，所以即21cos 21sin AC αα=+.AM CM α==，所以AC α=.即可得21c o s2110c o s s i n ααα+=+.即21(sin cos )cos αααα+=.令sin cos tαα+=.则22sin cos 1t αα=-.所以可得2210t -=.解得t =或t =（由于1sin 2011α=-<，所以舍去.），所以21sin 2110t α=-=. 考点：1.解三角形的知识.2.三角形相似的判定与性质.3.三角的运算.19．如图，四棱锥P ABCD -中，底面ABCD 是平行四边形，︒=∠90CAD ，PA ⊥平面ABCD ，1PA BC ==，AB =，F 是BC 的中点.ADCFPB（1）求证：DA ⊥平面PAC ；（2）若以A 为坐标原点，射线AC 、AD 、AP 分别是x 轴、y 轴、z 轴的正半轴，建立空间直角坐标系，已经计算得)1,1,1(=n 是平面PCD 的法向量，求平面PAF 与平面PCD 所成锐二面角的余弦值. 【答案】（1）参考解析；（2）5【解析】试题分析：（1）需证明DA ⊥平面PAC ，转化为证明AD ⊥AC,AD ⊥PA.因为PA 垂直平面ABCD ，由题意可得AD ⊥AC,AD ⊥PA 显然成立，即可得结论.（2）如图建立空间直角坐标系，因为)1,1,1(=是平面PCD 的法向量，所以求出平面PAF的法向量(1,2,0)m =u r，再根据两平面的法向量的夹角的余弦值，即可得到平面PAF 与平面PCD 所成锐二面角的余弦值，试题解析： 1(0,0,0),(1,0,0),(1,1,0),(0,1,0),(1,,0),(0,0,1)2A C B D F P --. (1) 证明方法一：Q 四边形是平行四边形，Q PA ⊥平面ABCD ∴PA DA ⊥，又AC DA ⊥，AC PA A =I ，∴DA ⊥平面PAC .方法二：证得DA uu u r是平面PAC 的一个法向量，∴DA ⊥平面PAC .(2)通过平面几何图形性质或者解线性方程组,计算得平面PAF 一个法向量为(1,2,0)m =u r， 又平面PCD 法向量为(1,1,1)n =r，所以||cos ,5||||m n m n m n ⋅<>==u r ru r r u r r∴考点：1.线面垂直的证明2.二面角.3.空间向量的运算.4.运算的能力.20．某公司承建扇环面形状的花坛如图所示，该扇环面花坛是由以点O 为圆心的两个同心圆弧AD 、弧BC 以及两条线段AB 和CD 围成的封闭图形．花坛设计周长为30米，其中大圆弧AD 所在圆的半径为10米．设小圆弧BC 所在圆的半径为x 米（100<<x ），圆心角为θ弧度．（1）求θ关于x 的函数关系式；（2）在对花坛的边缘进行装饰时，已知两条线段的装饰费用为4元/米，两条弧线部分的装饰费用为9元/米．设花坛的面积与装饰总费用的比为y ，当x 为何值时，y 取得最大值？【答案】（1）10210x x θ+=+；（2）参考解析 【解析】试题分析：（1）由于花坛设计周长为30米，其中大圆弧AD 所在圆的半径为10米．设小圆弧BC 所在圆的半径为x 米（100<<x ），圆心角为θ弧度.所以AD 的弧长为10θ，BC 的弧长为x θ.所以可得102(10)30x x θθ++-=.即可得结论.（2）由花坛两条线段的装饰费用为4元/米，两条弧线部分的装饰费用为9元/米．即可得所需费用的关系式. 花坛的面积由大扇形面积减去小的扇形面积即可，再利用基本不等式即可求得结论.试题解析：(1)设扇环的圆心角为θ，则()30102(10)x x θ=++-， 所以10210xxθ+=+， (2) 花坛的面积为2221(10)(5)(10)550,(010)2x x x x x x θ-=+-=-++<<． 装饰总费用为()9108(10)17010x x x θ++-=+，所以花坛的面积与装饰总费用的比22550550==1701010(17)x x x x y x x -++---++，令17t x =+，则3913243()101010y t t =-+≤，当且仅当t =18时取等号， 此时121,11x θ==． 答：当1x =时，花坛的面积与装饰总费用的比最大．考点：1.扇形的面积.2.函数的最值.3.基本不等式的应用.21．已知椭圆2222:1x y C a b+=(0)a b >>的右焦点为F (1,0)，短轴的端点分别为12,B B ,且12FB FB a ⋅=-. （1）求椭圆C 的方程；（2）过点F 且斜率为k (0)k ≠的直线l 交椭圆于,M N 两点，弦MN 的垂直平分线与x 轴相交于点D .设弦MN 的中点为P ，试求DP MN的取值范围．【答案】（1）22143x y +=；（2）1(0,)4【解析】试题分析：（1）由椭圆2222:1x y C a b +=()0a b >>的右焦点F (1,0)，即1c =.又短轴的端点分别为12,B B ,且12FB FB a ⋅=-，即可求出a ，b 的值.从而得到椭圆的方程.（2）由（1）可得假设直线AB 的方程联立椭圆方程消去y 即可得到一个关于x 的二次方程，由韦达定理得到根与直线斜率k 的关系式.写出线段AB 的中点坐标以及线段AB 的垂直平分线的方程.即可得到点D 的坐标.即可求得线段PD 的长，根据弦长公式可得线段MN 的长度，再通过最的求法即可得结论.试题解析：（1）依题意不妨设1(0,)B b -，2(0,)B b ，则1(1,)FB b =--，2(1,)FB b =-. 由12FB FB a ⋅=-，得21b a -=-. 又因为221a b -=，解得2,a b ==.所以椭圆C 的方程为22143x y +=. （2）依题意直线l 的方程为(1)y k x =-.由22(1),143y k x x y =-⎧⎪⎨+=⎪⎩得2222(34)84120k x k x k +-+-=.设11(,)M x y ，22(,)N x y ，则2122834k x x k +=+，212241234k x x k -=+.所以弦MN 的中点为22243(,)3434k k P k k -++.所以MN == 2212(1)43k k +=+.直线PD 的方程为222314()4343k k y x k k k +=--++， 由0y =，得2243k x k =+，则22(,0)43k D k +，所以DP =.所以224312(1)43DP k k MN k +==++=. 又因为211k +>，所以21011k <<+.所以104<. 所以DP MN 的取值范围是1(0,)4.考点：1.向量的数量积.2.椭圆的性质.3.等价转化的数学思想.4.运算能力. 22．设函数xx g 3)(=，xx h 9)(=.（1）解方程：)9)((log )8)(2(log 33+=-+x h x g x ； （2）令3)()()(+=x g x g x p ，3)(3)(+=x h x q ，求证：)20142013()20142012()20142()20141()20142013()20142012()20142()20141(q q q q p p p p ++++=++++（3）若bx g ax g x f +++=)()1()(是实数集R 上的奇函数，且0))(2()1)((>⋅-+-x g k f x h f 对任意实数x 恒成立，求实数k 的取值范围. 【答案】（1）2=x ；（2）参考解析；（3）2<k 【解析】试题分析：（1）由于函数x x g 3)(=，x x h 9)(=，所以解方程0)1()(8)(=--h x g x h .通过换元即可转化为解二次方程.即可求得结论.（2）由于3)()()(+=x g x g x p 即得到()x P x =.所以()(1)1p x p x +-=.所以两个一组的和为1，还剩中间一个21323)21()20141007(===p p .即可求得结论. （3）由bx g ax g x f +++=)()1()(是实数集R 上的奇函数，可求得1,3=-=b a .又由于0))(2()1)((>⋅-+-x g k f x h f 对任意实数x 恒成立.该式的理解较困难，所以研究函数()f x 的单调性可得.函数()f x 在实数集上是递增.集合奇函数，由函数值大小即可得到变量的大小，再利用基本不等式，从而得到结论.试题解析：（1）99)832(3+=-⋅⋅xx x ，93=x ，2=x（2）21323)21()20141007(===p p ，2163)21()20141007(===q q ． 因为1333333333333)1()(11=+++=+++=-+--xxx xx xx x p x p ，1393399399399)1()(11=+++=+++=-+--x x x x x x x x q x q所以，211006)20142013()20142()20141(+=+++p p p ， 211006)20142013()20142()20141(+=+++q q q ． )20142013()20142()20141(p p p +++ =)20142013()20142()20141(q q q +++ ．（3）因为bx ax x f +++=)()1()(ϕϕ是实数集上的奇函数，所以1,3=-=b a .)1321(3)(+-=xx f ，)(x f 在实数集上单调递增. 由0))(2()1)((>⋅-+-x g k f x h f 得))(2()1)((x g k f x h f ⋅-->-，又因为)(x f 是实数集上的奇函数，所以，)2)(()1)((-⋅>-x g k f x h f ，又因为)(x f 在实数集上单调递增，所以2)(1)(-⋅>-x g k x h 即23132-⋅>-x x k 对任意的R x ∈都成立， 即x xk 313+<对任意的R x ∈都成立，2<k . 考点：1.解方程的思想.2.函数的单调性.3.归纳推理的思想.4.基本不等式.23．设各项都是正整数的无穷数列{}n a 满足：对任意*N n ∈，有1+<n n a a ．记n a n a b =． （1）若数列{}n a 是首项11a =，公比2=q 的等比数列，求数列{}n b 的通项公式； （2）若n b n 3=，证明：21=a ；（3）若数列{}n a 的首项11a =，1+=n a n a c ，{}n c 是公差为1的等差数列．记n n n a d ⋅-=2，n n n d d d d S ++++=-121 ，问：使5021>⋅++n n n S 成立的最小正整数n 是否存在？并说明理由．【答案】（1）142n n b -=；（2）参考解析；（3）存在5【解析】试题分析：（1）由于数列{}n a 是首项11a =，公比2=q 的等比数列，所以通项公式为12 (*)n n a n N -=∈.由于数列{}n a 为递增数列，所以都符合1+<n n a a .即可得到数列{}n b 的通项公式.（2）由于各项都是正整数的无穷数列{}n a ，所以利用反正法的思想，反证法排除11a =和*113()a a N ≥∈即可得到证明.（3）由{}n a 各项都是正整数，所以由1n n a a +>可得到11n n a a +≥+.所以可得到1111[1(1)]n n a a n n a a a a ++++≥++-+.从而可得到{}n a 是公差为1的等差数列.再根据求和公式以及解不等式的知识求出结论. 试题解析：（1）1111a b a a ===，242112211--====--n a n n n n a a b ；（2）根据反证法排除11a =和*113()a a N ≥∈证明：假设12a ≠，又*N a n ∈，所以11a =或*113()a a N ≥∈ ①当11a =时，1111a b a a ===与13b =矛盾，所以11a ≠；②当*113()a a N ≥∈时，即1113a a b a ≥==，即11a a a ≥，又1+<n n a a ，所以11a ≤与*113()a a N ≥∈矛盾；由①②可知21=a ．（3）首先{}n a 是公差为1的等差数列， 证明如下：1n n a a +>*2,n n N ⇒≥∈时1n n a a ->，所以11n n a a -≥+()n m a a n m ⇒≥+-，*(,)m n m n N <∈、1111[1(1)]n n a a n n a a a a ++++⇒≥++-+即11n n n n c c a a ++-≥-由题设11n n a a +≥-又11n n a a +-≥11n n a a +⇒-= 即{}n a 是等差数列．又{}n a 的首项11a =，所以n a n =，)223222(32n n n S ⋅++⋅+⋅+-= ，对此式两边乘以2，得 14322232222+⋅--⋅-⋅--=n n n S两式相减得=⋅-++++=+13222222n n n n S 22211-⋅-++n n n22211-=⋅+++n n n n S ，5021>⋅++n n n S 即5221≥+n ，当5≥n 时，526421>=+n ，即存在最小正整数5使得5021>⋅++n n n S 成立．注：也可以归纳猜想后用数学归纳法证明n a n =．考点：1.数列的性质.2.反证法的知识.3.放缩法证明相等的数学思想.4.数列求和.5.数列与不等式的知识交汇.。

静安、青浦、宝山、杨浦区2014年第二模2014．4一．单项选择题（共16分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确选项。

）1．下列射线中不属于电磁波的是（）（A）红外线（B）X射线（C）β射线（D）γ射线2．最早测定元电荷电荷量的物理学家是（）（A）奥斯特（B）安培（C）库仑（D）密立根3．在国际单位制（SI）中，下列属于基本单位的是（）（A）安培（B）牛顿（C）库仑（D）焦耳4．一个门电路的两个输入端A、B与输出端Z的波形如图所示，则可知该门电路是（）（A）“或”门（B）“与”门（C）“非”门（D）“或非”门5．在光电效应实验中，如果需要增大光电子的最大初速度，可采用的方法是（）（A）增加光照时间（B）增大入射光的波长（C）增大入射光的强度（D）增大入射光频率6．原子核聚变可望给人类未来提供丰富的洁净能源。

当氖等离子体被加热到适当高温时，氖核参与的几种聚变反应可能发生，放出能量。

这几种反应的总效果可以表示为：621H→k42He＋d11H＋210n，其中（）（A）k＝2，d＝2 （B）k＝1，d＝4（C）k＝1，d＝6 （D）k＝2，d＝37．民间常用“拔火罐”来治疗某些疾病，方法是将点燃的纸片放入一个小罐内，当纸片燃烧完时，迅速将火罐开口端紧压在皮肤上，火罐就会紧紧地被“吸”在皮肤上。

其原因是火罐内的气体（）（A）温度基本不变，体积减小，压强增大（B）体积基本不变，温度降低，压强减小（C）压强基本不变，温度降低，体积减小（D）质量基本不变，压强增大，体积减小8．如图所示，将一个质量为m的球固定在弹性杆AB的上端，用测力计沿水平方向缓慢拉球，使杆发生弯曲，在测力计的示数逐渐增大的过程中，AB杆对球的弹力方向为（）（A）始终水平向左（B）始终竖直向上（C）斜向左上方，与竖直方向的夹角逐渐增大（D ）斜向左下方，与竖直方向的夹角逐渐增大二．单项选择题（共24分，每小题3分。

每小题只有一个正确选项。

） 9．由原子核的衰变规律可知（ ）（A ）放射性元素一次衰变可同时产生α射线和β射线 （B ）放射性元素发生β衰变，新核的化学性质不变 （C ）对放射性元素加压，可使其衰变变慢 （D ）给放射性元素升温，其衰变快慢不会改变10．科学研究发现，在月球表面：①没有空气；②重力加速度约为地球表面的1/6；③没有磁场。

上海市静安、杨浦、青浦、宝山四区2014届高三模拟文科数学试卷（带解析）1．不等式12x x->的解集为（ ）. A. }01|{>-<x x x 或 B. }1|{-<x x C. }1|{->x x D. }01|{<<-x x 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：由12x x ->可得10x x+<，所以解集为10x -<<.故选D. 考点：1.分式不等式的解法.2.转化的思想.2．“1=ω”是“函数x x x f ωω22cos sin )(-=的最小正周期为π”的（ ）.A.充分必要条件B.充分不必要条件C.必要不充分条件D.既不充分又必要条件 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：因为x x x f ωω22cos sin)(-=可化为()cos 2f x x ω=-.所以可得1=ω是函数()f x 最小正周期为π的充分条件.由于函数的最小正周期为π,则2,12T ππωω==∴=±.所以必要性不成立.故选B.考点：1.三角函数的恒等变形.2.充要条件的知识.3．若圆柱的底面直径和高都与球的直径相等,圆柱、球的表面积分别记为1S 、2S ,则1S :2S =（ ）.A. 1:1B.2:1C. 3:2D. 4:1 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：假设球的半径为r .则圆柱的底面半径为r .高为2r .所以圆柱的表面积为216S r π=.球的表面积为224S r π=.所以12:3:2S S =.故选C.考点：1.圆柱的表面积.2.球的表面积.3.方程的思想.4．已知向量，满足：1||||==，且||3||k k -=+（0>k ）．则向量与向量的夹角的最大值为（ ）.A.3πB. 32πC. 6πD.65π【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：假设向量a ，b 的夹角为(0)θθπ≤≤，由1||||==，且||3||b k a b a k -=+（0>k ）.可得21111cos ()442k k k k θ+==+≥当且仅当1k =时取等号.所以03πθ≤≤.即选A.考点：1.向量的数量积运算.2.向量的夹角.3.三角函数的最值问题.5．二阶行列式ii i ++-1101的值是 . （其中i 为虚数单位）【答案】2 【解析】 试题分析：由ii i ++-1101可得(1)(1)2i i -+=.考点：1.行列式的运算.2.复数的运算.6．已知j i,是方向分别与x 轴和y 轴正方向相同的两个基本单位向量，则平面向量ji +的模等于 .【解析】试题分析：由2i j +=.考点：向量的模的含义.7．二项式7)1(+x 的展开式中含3x 项的系数值为_______________. 【答案】35 【解析】试题分析：717r rr T C x -+=.依题意可得73,4r r -=∴=.所以展开式中含3x 项的系数值为35.考点：1.二项式定理的展开式.2.项的系数的概念.8．已知圆锥的母线长为5,侧面积为π15,则此圆锥的体积为__________.(结果中保留π) 【答案】12π 【解析】试题分析：由圆锥的母线长为5,侧面积为π15.则根据12s lr =.即可求出圆锥的底面周长6π.从而解出底面半径3r =.再求出圆锥的高4h =.根据体积公式213V r h π= 12π=.考点：1.圆锥曲线的侧面积.2.圆锥曲线的体积公式.3.图形的展开前后的变化. 9．若),(ππ-∈x ，则方程12cos 2sin 3=-x x 的解是_____________. 【答案】5,,,6262ππππ-- 【解析】 试题分析：由12cos 2sin 3=-x x 即1sin(2)62x π-=.所以2266x k πππ-=+或522 ()66x k k z πππ-=+∈.又因为),(ππ-∈x .所以可得方程12cos 2sin 3=-x x 的解是5,,,6262x ππππ=--. 考点：1.三角方程的解法.2.化一公式的应用.3.三角函数的周期性.10．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，若圆22(1)4x y +-=上存在A ，B 两点，且弦AB 的中点为(1,2)P ，则直线AB 的方程为 .【答案】30x y +-= 【解析】试题分析：假设1122(,),(,)A x y B x y .AB 的中点坐标为00(,)x y .所以可得22112222(1) 4(1) 4x y x y ⎧+-=⎪⎨+-=⎪⎩①②.由①-②可得001AB x k y =-.即1AB k =-.所以:30AB l x y +-=. 考点：1.点差法的应用.2.直线与圆的位置关系.3.直线方程的表示. 11．已知1log log 22=+y x ，则y x +的最小值为_____________.【答案】【解析】试题分析：由1log log 22=+y x 可得2log ()1,2xy xy =∴=.又y x+≥=.当且仅当x y =时取等号. 考点：1.对数的知识.2.基本不等式.12．已知首项31=a 的无穷等比数列{}n a )(*N n ∈的各项和等于4，则这个数列{}n a 的公比是 ． 【答案】14【解析】试题分析：首项31=a 的无穷等比数列{}n a )(*N n ∈，设公比为q ,由各项和等于4.即341q=-.解得14q =.考点：无穷等比数列的求和公式.13．满足约束条件⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧≥≥≥+≥+,0,0,32,42y x y x y x 的目标函数y x f +=的最大值为_______.AO2x+y -3=0x +2y-4=0xy【答案】73【解析】试题分析：由x,y 满足⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧≥≥≥+≥+,0,0,32,42y x y x y x 如图可得可行域.目标函数过点A 时在y 轴上的截距最大，最小值为73.考点：1.线性规划的知识.2.线性的最值问题.14． 阅读右面的程序框图，运行相应的程序，输出的结果为 .【答案】138【解析】 试题分析：由程序框图可知，x=1,y=1,z=2;当x=2,y=3,z=5;当x=3,y=5,z=8;当x=5,y=8,z=13;当x=8,y=13,z=21.由21>20.所以退出循环.即可得138y x =. 考点：1.程序框图.2.数的交换运算.15．在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，若中心在坐标原点的双曲线过点()2,3，且它的一个顶点与抛物线24y x =的焦点重合，则该双曲线的方程为 .【答案】2213y x -=【解析】试题分析：因为抛物线24y x =的焦点为（1,0）且是双曲线的顶点，假设双曲线的方程为22221(0,0)x y a b a b -=>>.所以1a =.又过点()2,3可得. 23b =.所以双曲线方程为2213y x -=.考点：1.抛物线的性质.2.双曲线的性质.3.待定系数的思想. 16．从5男3女8位志愿者中任选3人参加冬奥会火炬接力活动，所选3人中恰有两位女志愿者的概率是 ． 【答案】1556【解析】试题分析：8人中选3任选人的情况有3856C =种，所选3人中恰有两位女志愿者的情况有15种.所以所选3人中恰有两位女志愿者的概率是1556P =. 考点：1.概率问题.2.组合问题.17．若三个数c a ,1,成等差数列（其中c a ≠），且22,1,c a 成等比数列，则nn c a c a )(lim 22++∞→的值为 ． 【答案】0 【解析】试题分析：依题意可得2221a c a c +=⎧⎨=⎩.所以可得222a c +=(1a c ==舍去)或226a c +=.所以nn ca c a )(lim 22++∞→=0. 考点：1.等差数列的性质.2.等比数列的性质.3.极限的概念.18．()f x 的定义域为实数集R ，⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<≤--≤≤=.01,1)21(,10,)(x x x x f x 对于任意的x R ∈都有(1)(1)f x f x +=-.若在区间[1,3]-上函数()()g x f x mx m =--恰有四个不同的零点，则实数m 的取值范围是 .Oxy【答案】1(0,]4m ∈ 【解析】试题分析：因为对任意的x R ∈都有(1)(1)f x f x +=-，所以函数()f x 的周期为2. 由在区间[1,3]-上函数()()g x f x mx m =--恰有四个不同的零点，即函数()f x mx m =+在[1,3]-上有四个不同的零点.即函数()y f x =与函数()h x mx m =+在[1,3]-有四个不同的交点.所以0(3)1h <≤.解得1(0,]4m ∈. 考点：1.分段函数的性质.2.函数的周期性.3.函数的等价变换.19．已知几何体由正方体和直三棱柱组成，其三视图和直观图（单位：cm ）如图所示．设两条异面直线1AQ 和PD 所成的角为θ，求cos θ的值．【答案】15【解析】试题分析：几何体由正方体和直三棱柱组成，求两条异面直线1AQ和PD所成的角. 由三视图和直观图可得线段的数量，异面直线1AQ和PD所成的角转化为1AQC∠.在通过解三角形即求得1AQC∠的余弦值，及为所求的结论.试题解析：由//PQ CD，且PQ CD=，可知//PD QC，故1AQC∠为异面直线1AQ、PD所成的角（或其补角）．由题设知2222111126AQ A B B Q=+=+=，12AC=取BC中点E，则QE BC⊥，且3QE=，222223110QC QE EC=+=+=．由余弦定理，得2221111cos cos2AQ QC ACAQCAQ QCθ+-=∠=⋅==考点：异面直线所成的角.2.解三角形的知识.3.空间想象力.20．某公司承建扇环面形状的花坛如图所示，该扇环面花坛是由以点O为圆心的两个同心圆弧AD、弧BC以及两条线段AB和CD围成的封闭图形．花坛设计周长为30米，其中大圆弧AD所在圆的半径为10米．设小圆弧BC所在圆的半径为x米（100<<x），圆心角为θ弧度．A1PA11D1P Q1A正视图侧视图俯视图（1）求θ关于x 的函数关系式；（2）在对花坛的边缘进行装饰时，已知两条线段的装饰费用为4元/米，两条弧线部分的装饰费用为9元/米．设花坛的面积与装饰总费用的比为y ，当x 为何值时，y 取得最大值？【答案】（1）10210x x θ+=+；（2）参考解析 【解析】试题分析：（1）由于花坛设计周长为30米，其中大圆弧AD 所在圆的半径为10米．设小圆弧BC 所在圆的半径为x 米（100<<x ），圆心角为θ弧度.所以AD 的弧长为10θ，BC 的弧长为x θ.所以可得102(10)30x x θθ++-=.即可得结论.（2）由花坛两条线段的装饰费用为4元/米，两条弧线部分的装饰费用为9元/米．即可得所需费用的关系式. 花坛的面积由大扇形面积减去小的扇形面积即可，再利用基本不等式即可求得结论.试题解析：(1)设扇环的圆心角为θ，则()30102(10)x x θ=++-，所以10210xxθ+=+， (2) 花坛的面积为 2221(10)(5)(10)550,(010)2x x x x x x θ-=+-=-++<<． 装饰总费用为()9108(10)17010x x x θ++-=+，所以花坛的面积与装饰总费用的比22550550==1701010(17)x x x x y x x -++---++，令17t x =+，则3913243()101010y t t =-+≤，当且仅当t =18时取等号， 此时121,11x θ==． 答：当1x =时，花坛的面积与装饰总费用的比最大．考点：1.扇形的面积.2.函数的最值.3.基本不等式的应用.21．已知椭圆2222:1x y C a b +=()0a b >>的右焦点F (1,0)，长轴的左、右端点分别为12,A A ,且121FA FA ⋅=-.（1）求椭圆C 的方程；（2）过焦点F 斜率为k （0>k ）的直线l 交椭圆C 于,A B 两点，弦AB 的垂直平分线与x 轴相交于D 点. 试问椭圆C 上是否存在点E 使得四边形ADBE 为菱形？若存在，求k 的值；若不存在，请说明理由.【答案】（1）2212x y +=；（2）2k =【解析】试题分析：（1）由椭圆2222:1x y C a b +=()0a b >>的右焦点F (1,0)，即1c =.又长轴的左、右端点分别为12,A A ,且121FA FA ⋅=-，即可得a ，即可求出1b =.从而得到椭圆的方程.（2）由（1）可得假设直线AB 的方程联立椭圆方程消去y 即可得到一个关于x 的二次方程，由韦达定理得到根与直线斜率k 的关系式.写出线段AB 的中点坐标以及线段AB 的垂直平分线的方程.即可得到点D 的坐标.假设存在点E 由于对称性本小题的问题等价转化为AD EB =即可.所以表示出点E 的坐标.代入椭圆方程根据的解得情况即可结论.试题解析：（1）依题设1(,0)A a -，2(,0)A a ，则1(1,0)FA a =--，2(1,0)FA a =-. 由121FA FA ⋅=-，解得22a =，所以21b =. 所以椭圆C 的方程为2212x y +=. （2）依题直线l 的方程为(1)y k x =-.由22(1),22y k x x y =-⎧⎨+=⎩得()2222214220k x k x k +-+-=. 设11(,)A x y ,22(,)B x y ,弦AB 的中点为00(,)M x y ，则2122421k x x k +=+，21222(1)21k x x k -=+，202221k x k =+，0221k y k -=+， 所以2222(,)2121k kM k k -++.直线MD 的方程为22212()2121kk y x k k k +=--++，令0y =，得2221D k x k =+，则22(,0)21k D k +. 若四边形ADBE 为菱形，则02E D x x x +=，02E D y y y +=.所以22232(,)2121k kE k k -++.若点E 在椭圆C 上，则2222232()2()22121k kk k -+=++.整理得42k =，解得2k =所以椭圆C 上存在点E 使得四边形ADBE 为菱形.考点：1.向量的数量积.2.椭圆的性质.3.等价转化的数学思想.4.运算能力.22．已知数列}{n a 满足⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥=+==-+).2(,,8,21121n ca a a a a n n n （c 为常数，*N n ∈）（１）当2=c 时，求n a ； （２）当1=c 时，求2014a 的值；（3）问：使n n a a =+3恒成立的常数c 是否存在？并证明你的结论． 【答案】（1）64n a n =-；（2）20142a =-；（3）存在1-=c 【解析】试题分析：（1）由2=c ，所以112n n n a a a +-+=，(2)n ≥.所以数列{}n a 是一个等差数列.首项为2，公差为6，所以可求得通项公式.（2）由1=c ，由于需要求2014a 的值，所以考虑数列{}n a 的周期性，通过列举即可得到数列{}n a 的周期为6.从而可求得2014a 的值.（3）假设存在常数c 使得n n a a =+3恒成立.由11n n n a a ca +-+=，向前递推一个式子，再利用n n a a =+3将得到两个关于11,,n n n a a a +-的等式，从而消去一个即可得到01=-+n n a a ，或01=+c ．由于12a a ≠.所以只有1c =-.再结合已知即可得到结论.试题解析：（1）46)1(62-=-+=n n a n（2） 21=a ，82=a ，63=a ，24-=a ，85-=a ，66-=a ，27=a ，88=a ，69=a ，210-=a ，811-=a ， 612-=a ，我们发现数列为一周期为６的数列．事实上，由n n n a a a =+-+11有n n n n a a a a -=-=+++123，n n n n a a a a =-==++++3336．……8分(理由和结论各2分) 因为 463352014+⨯=，所以242014-==a a ．（3）假设存在常数c ，使n n a a =+3恒成立．由n n n ca a a =+-+11 ①，及n n a a =+3，有1112+-++=+⇒=+n n n n n n ca a a ca a a ②○1式减○2式得0)1)((1=+-+c a a n n ． 所以01=-+n n a a ，或01=+c ．当*N n ∈，01=-+n n a a 时，数列｛n a ｝为常数数列，不满足要求．由01=+c 得1-=c ，于是n n n a a a -=+-+11，即对于2≥∈n N n 且，都有11-+--=n n n a a a ，所以 n n n n n n a a a a a a --=--=+++++12123,，从而n n n n n n n a a a a a a a =-+=--=+++++11123, )1(≥n ．所以存在常数1-=c ，使n n a a =+3恒成立．考点：1.等差数列的判断.2.数列的周期性.3.数列恒成立问题.4.递推的思想.23．设函数x x g 3)(=，x x h 9)(=.（1）解方程：0)1()(8)(=--h x g x h ；（2）令3)()()(+=x g x g x p ，求证：22013)20142013()20142012()20142()20141(=++++p p p p ； （3）若b x g a x g x f +++=)()1()(是实数集R 上的奇函数，且 0))(2()1)((>⋅-+-x g k f x h f 对任意实数x 恒成立，求实数k 的取值范围.【答案】（1）2=x ；（2）参考解析；（3）2<k【解析】试题分析：（1）由于函数x x g 3)(=，xx h 9)(=，所以解方程0)1()(8)(=--h x g x h .通过换元即可转化为解二次方程.即可求得结论. （2）由于3)()()(+=x g x g x p 即得到()xP x =.所以()(1)1p x p x +-=.所以两个一组的和为1，还剩中间一个21323)21()20141007(===p p .即可求得结论. （3）由bx g a x g x f +++=)()1()(是实数集R 上的奇函数，可求得1,3=-=b a .又由于0))(2()1)((>⋅-+-x g k f x h f 对任意实数x 恒成立.该式的理解较困难，所以研究函数()f x 的单调性可得.函数()f x 在实数集上是递增.集合奇函数，由函数值大小即可得到变量的大小，再利用基本不等式，从而得到结论.试题解析：（1）0)1()(8)(=--h x g x h 即：09389=-⋅-x x ，解得93=x ，2=x（2）21323)21()20141007(===p p . 因为1333333333333)1()(11=+++=+++=-+--x x x x x x xx p x p ， 所以，22013211006)20142013()20142()20141(=+=+++p p p ， （3）因为bx a x x f +++=)()1()(ϕϕ是实数集上的奇函数，所以1,3=-=b a . )1321(3)(+-=x x f ，)(x f 在实数集上单调递增. 由0))(2()1)((>⋅-+-x g k f x h f 得))(2()1)((x g k f x h f ⋅-->-，又因为)(x f 是实数集上的奇函数，所以，)2)(()1)((-⋅>-x g k f x h f ，又因为)(x f 在实数集上单调递增，所以2)(1)(-⋅>-x g k x h即23132-⋅>-x x k 对任意的R x ∈都成立， 即x x k 313+<对任意的R x ∈都成立，2<k . 考点：1.解方程的思想.2.函数的单调性.3.归纳推理的思想.4.基本不等式.。

上海市部分区2024届高三二模英语试题汇编六选四2024届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷Section CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2014. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was “paying her dues,”and that “there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start anew. ”67 Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions ona shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties (惩罚) that continue long after punishment is completed.Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person’s individual circumstances. 68 They can affect a person’s ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.In all, more than 45, 000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life. Some laws make senses. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖) work in a school. 69 Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?These laws are also counterproductive (适得其反), since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding. A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. 70 .The point isn’t to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it i s to recognize that in America’s vast criminal justice system, and second chances are crucial. It is in no one's interest to keep a large segment of the population on the margins of society.2024届上海市徐汇区高三二模考试英语试题Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentenceAstronomers are eagerly anticipating a celestial (天体的) event that promises to be a once-in-a-lifetime sight: the appearance of a "new star" in the night sky, expected to occur sometime between now and September, as reported by NASA. This event, known as a nova (新星), is projected to take place within the T Coronae Borealis system, nestled in the constellation(星座) Corona Borealis, situated between the Boötes and Hercules constellations.In contrast to the explosive demise of a massive star seen in a supernova, a nova is characterized by a sudden, brief explosion originating from a collapsed star, specifically a white dwarf. The T Coronae Borealis system is affectionately called the "Blaze Star." (67) _______________________ These stars orbit closely enough to interact violently, leading to periodic explosive events, with the last eruption observed in 1946.(68) _______________________ Over time, the red giant becomes increasingly unstable, shedding its outer layers onto the white dwarf. This exchange of matter eventually triggers a "runaway thermonuclear reaction," resulting in the nova phenomenon, according to NASA.While the precise timing of the upcoming nova event remains uncertain, astronomers are closely monitoring the T Coronae Borealis system, which has been dimming since March of the previous year. William J. Cooke, lead of NASA's Meteoroid Environments Office, notes that while most novae occur unexpectedly, T Coronae Borealis is one of the 10 recurring novae in the galaxy, offering some predictability to its eruptions.Located approximately 3,000 light-years away from Earth, the T Coronae Borealis system is typically too faint to be seen with the naked eye. (69) _______________________Once the nova reaches its peak brightness, it will appear as if a new star has emerged in the night sky, remaining visible for a few days without any equipment and slightly over a week with binoculars before gradually fading from view over the course of about 80 years.(70) _______________________ As an effective observing approach, they provide valuable insights into the dynamics of recurrent novae and the processes occurring within these stellar systems.The NASA Universe account on X will provide regular updates on the nova event, allowing enthusiasts and researchers alike to stay informed about this captivating astronomical phenomenon. Reflecting on past experiences, including witnessing the 1975 Nova Cygni, which inspired his career in astronomy, Cooke underscores the significance of these celestial events in shaping our understanding of the cosmos.2024届上海市上海市闵行区高三二模英语试题Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Childhood Media Shaping FuturesMuch of the media we consume during our formative years shapes us into the people we are today. Reflect on a particular piece of media from our childhood—perhaps it’s the TV show we eagerly awaited every weekend during visits to our grandmother’s house. 67 It shapes our dreams and fears and even drives us to future careers.68 Older children may have had a lot more restrictions, like TV shows, movies, and social media access. And because of these, they were able to be a child for longer compared to their siblings (兄弟姐妹). Ch ildren who have older siblings tend to show more mature tendencies and can appear to “grow up quicker” than other children their age.While they might have been restricted from social media accounts until a certain age, once given access, they tend to be more prepared. The media exposure of our generation has undoubtedly led to an increased maturation at younger ages. 69 9Simply looking back at previous generations and the rate of consumption and processing of information that we experience every day, the effects of such are only beginning.As soon-to-be or current adults, we are already facing issues such as depression, anxiety, and delays in certain learning and social skills, just to name a few. Are we “more mature?” or are we o verexposed and at risk for exceptional mental, physical, and emotional consequences?In conclusion, childhood media consumption significantly influences our lives. 70Striking a balance between media exposure and mental well-being is essential fo r our growth in today’s media-rich world.2024届上海市静安区高三下学期二模英语试题Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentenceTime to end Santa’s ‘naughty list’?Many of us have magical memories of Santa secretly bringing gifts and joy to our childhood homes — but is there a darker side to the beloved Christmas tradition?I was —and I’m happy to admit it — a loyal believer of Santa. I absolutely loved the magic of Christmas, especially Santa Claus, and my parents went above and beyond to encourage it. However, as I begin to construct my own Santa Claus myth for my daughter, I can’t help but feel guilty. Could it undermine her trust in me?__67__ Back in 1978, a study published in the American Journal of Orthopsychiatry(矫正精神医学) found that 85% of four-year-olds said they believed in Santa. In 2011, research published in the Journal of Cognition and Development found that 83% of 5-year-olds claimed to be true believers.I guess it’s not all that surprising. __68__ He features in every Christmas TV show and movie. Each year the North American Aerospace Defence Command (NORAD) allows you to track Santa’s journey on Christmas Eve. To reassure children during the pandemic in 2020, the World Health Organization issued a statement declaring that Santa was “immune” from Covid 19. And it’s precisely this effort on behalf of parents, and society in general, to create such seemingly overwhelming evidence for the existence of Santa Claus that David Kyle Johnson, a professor of philosophy at King’s College in Pennsylvania, describes as ‘The Santa Lie’ in his book The Myths That Stole Christmas. He highlights how we don’t simply ask children to imagine Santa, but rather to actually believe in him. __69__The ‘Santa lie’ can reduce trust between a parent and a child. __70__ It is the creation of false evidence and convincing kids that bad evidence is in fact good evidence that discourages the kind of critical thinking we should be encouraging in children in this era. “The ‘Santa lie’ is part of a parenting practice that encourages people to believe what they want to believe, simply because of the psychological reward,” says Johnson. “That’s really bad for society in general.”2024届上海市浦东新区高三下学期二模英语试题Section CDirections:Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.What motivates you to work or study harder? Is it the thought of success and all the amazing things that you can achieve, or is it the fear of failure and worry about all the things that can go wrong for you? _____67_____ But is one better than the other?A recent study looked at the effect of fear-based strategies on British secondary school students. As is so often the case, it’s complicated. They fou nd that if a test is seen as important, and students are optimistic that they can succeed, then the fear of failure can be used successfully by teachers to motivate these learners. _____68_____ It can in turn lead them to do worse on the test than they would have done otherwise. The study also found that if students are disengaged and don’t care about the test in the first place, then, unsurprisingly, the fear of failure is not likely to motivate them.Entrepreneurs often run the risk of failure. It’s a fac t that most new companies will fail. _____69_____ The personal consequences of failure can be significant, and so founders may be motivated to work harder to avoid them. A study carried out on British and Canadian entrepreneurs found that fear of failure can improve problem solving, as people are motivated to anticipate and resolve potential issues. However, the study also showed that it can lead to increased procrastination as people focus too much on what they personally fear, rather than what would be best for the business. If someone is less confident about their business idea, then they may find their decision-making negatively affected by their fears._____70_____ It can drive confident people to do better, but it can also increase our doubts and turn them into barriers.参考答案2024届上海市长宁区高三下学期二模英语试卷Section C 评分标准：每小题2分。

2019年四区(杨浦、静安、青浦、宝山)联合高考模拟第二学期高三年级教学质量检测数学试卷（满分150分，答题时间120分钟） 2019.4考生注意：1． 本试卷包括试题卷和答题纸两部分．试题卷上题号后注明[文科]的试题，表示文科生做，注明[理科]的试题表示理科生做，未注明的试题所有考生都要做．答题纸另页，正反面． 2． 在本试题卷上答题无效，必须在答题纸上的规定位置按照要求答题． 3． 可使用符合规定的计算器答题．一. 填空题 (本大题满分56分）本大题共有14题，考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分.1．方程组21320x y x y +=⎧⎨-=⎩对应的增广矩阵为 .2．函数sin cos y x x =的最小正周期为 .3．已知=U R ，集合23|02x M x x -⎧⎫=>⎨⎬+⎩⎭，则R C M = . 4．若sin(2)cos(2)y x x αα=+++为奇函数，则最小正数α的值为 .5．若11{2,1,0}12x∈--，则x = .6．[文科] 若α是方程2x 4x 50-+=在复数范围内的根，则||α= .[理科]设集合{}C x x x A ∈=-=,01|4，z 23i =-，若A x ∈，则z x -的最大值是 . 7. [文科]非负实数x 、y 满足⎩⎨⎧≤-+≤-+03042y x y x ，则3x y +的最大值为 .[理科]在极坐标系中，圆θθρsin 3cos 4+＝的半径长是 .8．[文科]有8本互不相同的书，其中数学书3本、外文书2本、其他书3本，若将这些书排成一排放在书架上，则数学书排在一起，外文书也排在一起的概率是 .[理科] 有一种游戏规则如下：口袋里有5个红球和5个黄球，一次摸出5个，若颜色相同则得100分，若4个球颜色相同，另一个不同，则得50分，其他情况不得分．小张摸一次得分的期望是 分.9．程序框图如图所示，其输出的结果是 . 10．若二项式7()+x a 展开式中，5x 项的系数是7，则)(lim 242n n a a a +++∞→ = .11．[文科] 一个用立方块搭成的立体图形，小张从前面看和从上面看到的图形都是同一图形，如图，那么，搭成这样一个立体图形最少需要 个小立方块．[理科]在ABC ∆中，若2,3,4===c b a ，则ABC ∆的外接圆半径长为 . 12．[文科]如图，要做一个圆锥形帐篷（不包 括底面），底面直径6米，高4米，那么至少 需要 平方米的帆布.[理科]已知一圆锥的底面直径、高和一圆柱的底面直径 均是d ，那么，圆锥的全面积与圆柱的全面积之比为 .13．[文科] 以抛物线x y 82=的顶点为中心，焦点为右焦点，且以x y 3±=为渐近线的双曲线方程是 .[理科]已知抛物线y x 32=上的两点A 、B 的横坐标恰是方程02=++q px x （,p q 是实数）的两个实根，则直线AB 的方程是 .14．[文科] 已知ABC ∆内接于以O 为圆心，1为半径的圆，且543=⋅+⋅+⋅，则ABC S ∆= .[理科]已知O 是∆ABC 的外心，2=AB ，3=AC ，21+=x y ，若=⋅+⋅AO x AB y AC ，(0)xy ≠，则cos ∠=BAC .二．选择题 (本大题满分20分）本大题共有4题，每题有且只有一个正确答案，考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，将代表答案的小方格涂黑，选对得5分，否则一律得零分．15.“直线l 垂直于ABC ∆的边AB ，AC ”是“直线l 垂直于ABC ∆的边BC ”的（ ）.第9题第12题[文科]第11题(A)充要条件 (B)充分非必要条件(C)必要非充分条件 (D)即非充分也非必要条件16.下列类比推理命题（其中Q 为有理数集，R 为实数集，C 为复数集）：①“若,a b R ∈，则0a b a b -=⇒=”类比推出“若,a b C ∈，则0a b a b -=⇒=”； ②“若,,,a b c d R ∈，则复数,a bi c di a c b d +=+⇒==”类比推出“若,,,a b c d Q ∈，则a c a c,b d +=+==”；③“若,a b R ∈，则0a b a b ->⇒>”类比推出“若,a b C ∈，则0a b a b ->⇒>”． 其中类比结论正确的个数是（ ）.(A) 0(B) 1(C) 2(D) 317. [文科]若nn n a n 212111+⋅⋅⋅++++=（n 是正整数），则+=+n n a a 1（ ）.(A))1(21+n (B)11221+-+n n (C) 11221121+-+++n n n (D) 221121+++n n [理科] 观察下列式子： ,474131211,3531211,23211222222<+++<++<+，可以猜想结论为( ) .(A)2221112n 1123n n ++++⋅⋅⋅+<(n N*)∈ (B) 2221112n 1123(n 1)n-+++⋅⋅⋅+<+(n N*)∈ (C) 2221112n 1123(n 1)n 1++++⋅⋅⋅+<++(n N*)∈ (D) 2221112n 1123n n 1++++⋅⋅⋅+<+(n N*)∈ 18．[文科] 已知函数2a x f (x)x+=，(a 0)>，x (0,b)∈，则下列判断正确的是（ ）.(A)当b > 时，f (x)的最小值为；(B)当0b <≤时，f (x)的最小值为；(C)当0b <≤时，f (x)的最小值为2a b b+；BA 1C 1D(D)对任意的b 0> ，f (x)的最小值均为[理科] 设函数2()()1||xf x x R x =∈+，区间[,]M a b =，()a b <，集合{|(),}N y y f x x M ==∈，则使M N =成立的实数对(),a b 有（ ）.(A)3对； (B)5对； (C)1对； (D)无数对．三．解答题 （本大题满分74分）本大题共有5题，解答下列各题必须写出必要步骤． 19. (本题满分12分)[文科]已知1111ABCD A B C D -是底面为菱形的直四棱柱，P是棱1DD 的中点，060BAD ∠=，底面边长为2，四棱柱的体积为1AD 与PB 所成的角大小.（结果用反三角函数值表示）[理科]已知1111ABCD A B C D -是底面为菱形的直四棱柱，P 是棱1DD 的中点，060BAD ∠=，底面边长为2，若PB 与平面11ADD A 成045角，求点1A 到平面ACP 的距离.20. （本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分5分，第2小题满分9分．把水放在温度为0θ℃的空气中冷却，若水原来的温度是1θ℃10()θθ>，t 分钟后物体温度θ℃可由公式010()kt e θθθθ-=+-求得，其中，k 是由不同盛水的容器所确定的正常量．（1）若室温为20℃，往某容器中倒入98℃的热水，一小时后测得水温为71.2℃，求k 的值；（精确到0.001）（2）若一保温杯的0.01k =，往该保温杯中倒入100℃的开水，经过2.5小时测得水温为40℃，求此时的室内温度（假设室内恒温，精确到0.1℃）．21.（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分．[文科]已知平面向量)1),(sin(x a -=π，)cos ,3(x b =，函数b a x f ⋅=)(． （1）写出函数)(x f 的单调递减区间；第19题[文、理科]（2）设1)6()(+-=πx f x g ，求直线2=y 与)(x g y =在闭区间],0[π上的图像的所有交点坐标.[理科] 已知平面向量(sin(2),1)=-a x π，b (3,cos 2x)=，函数x f ⋅=)(． （1）写出函数)(x f 的单调递减区间；（2）设nnnn g(x)lim ,(0x 2)x →+∞π=<<ππ+，求函数()=y f x 与)(x g y =图像的所有交点坐标. 22. （本题满分16分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分4分，第3小题满分8分．已知12,F F 为椭圆2222:1x y C a b+=,()0a b >>的左右焦点，O 是坐标原点，过2F 作垂直于x 轴的直线2MF 交椭圆于M ，设2MF d = .（1）证明：,,d b a 成等比数列；(2)若M 的坐标为)，求椭圆C 的方程；（3）[文科]在(2)的椭圆中，过1F 的直线l 与椭圆C 交于A 、B 两点，若0⋅=OA OB ，求直线l 的方程．[理科]在(2)的椭圆中，过1F 的直线l 与椭圆C 交于A 、B 两点，若椭圆C 上存在点P ，使得 OP OA OB =+，求直线l 的方程．23.（本题满分18分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分5分，第2小题满分5分，第3小题满分8分．定义：如果数列{}n a 的任意连续三项均能构成一个三角形的三边长，则称{}n a 为“三角形”数列．对于“三角形”数列{}n a ，如果函数()=y f x 使得()n n b f a =仍为一个“三角形”数列，则称()=y f x 是数列{}n a 的“保三角形函数”，(n N*)∈.(1)已知{}n a 是首项为2，公差为1的等差数列，若(),(1)x f x k k =>是数列{}n a 的“保三角形函数”，求k 的取值范围；(2)已知数列{}n c 的首项为2019，n S 是数列{}n c 的前n 项和，且满足1438040+-=n n S S ，证明{}n c 是“三角形”数列；(3) [文科] 若()lg =g x x 是(2)中数列{}n c 的“保三角形函数”，问数列{}n c 最多有多少项．[理科] 根据“保三角形函数”的定义，对函数2()2h x x x =-+，[1,]∈x A ，和数列1，1+d ，12+d ，（0>d ）提出一个正确的命题，并说明理由.2019年四区(杨浦、静安、青浦、宝山)联合高考模拟数学试卷参考答案2019.4一、填空题1.⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-023112 2.π=T 3.]23,2[- 4.43πα=5. 06. 文理7. 文9 理2.5 8. 文128 理 7759. 127 10.1211. 文5 理15158 12. 文 15π理310+13. 文1322=-y x 理03=++q y px 2(40)∆=->p q14. 文65 理34 二、选择题 15.B 16.C 17. 文 C 理C 18.文 A 理A 三、解答题19．[文科]解：由体积为202sin 60⋅=h h=4… 3分取AD 的中点为E ，联结PE ，PB ，则11⊥BE ADD A ， ……5分1//AD PE ，∠EPB 为直线PB 与直线1AD 所成的角． ……8分经计算=BE，=PB …… 10分sin ∠=EPB 即异面直线1AD 与PB所成的角为arcsinarctan ）．… 12分 [理科] 解：取AD 的中点为E ，联结BE ，PB ，则11⊥BE ADD A ，∠EPB 为PB 与平面11ADD A 所成的角． …… 2分经计算=BE，=PB=PD1=DD…… 4分以OA 为x 轴，OB 为y 轴，1OO 为z 轴建立空间直角坐标系，… 5分A，(C，(0,-P ，=AC，(3,1,=PA ， …… 7分设平面ACP 的法向量(,,)=n x y z ，由0⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩AC n PA n 得(0,2,1)=n ， … 10分而1=A A ，所以146||⋅==A A n d n …… 12分 20．（1）由题意，6071.220(9820)0.007k e k -=+-⇒= …5分（2）01(1)kt kt e e θθθ--=-+，当0θ、1θ越大时，水温保持时间越长．… 7分0.011500.0115000040(1)10022.8-⨯-⨯=-+⇒=e e C θθ …… 13分答:此时的室内温度为022.8C ． …………………… 14分 21. [文科] 解：（1）)6sin(2cos )sin(3)(ππ+=+-=x x x x f ，…4分单调递减区间)](342,32[Z k k k ∈++ππππ； …… 6分 （2）1sin 21)6()(+=+-=x x f x g π，…………………………… 8分 解2)(=x g ，即21sin =x ，],0[π∈x 得65,6ππ=x ，…………12分 所以交点坐标为：)2,65(),2,6(ππ． ……14分 [理科]解：(1))62sin(22cos )2sin(3)(ππ+=+-=x x x x f ，…2分单调递减区间为2[k ,k ](k Z)63πππ+π+∈； ……6分 （2）1,(0x )1g(x),(x )20,(x 2)<<π⎧⎪⎪==π⎨⎪π<<π⎪⎩， …… 8分当0x <<π时，解2sin(2x )16π+=，得x 3π=， ……10分 当x =π时，解12sin(2x )62π+=，无解， ……11分 当x 2π<<π时，解2sin(2x )06π+=，得17x 12π=， ……13分 所以交点坐标为：(,1)3π，17(,0)12π． ……14分 22.(1)证明：由条件知M 点的坐标为()0,c y ，其中0=y d ，222221,∴+===c d b d b a b a， …… 3分 d bb a∴=，即,,d b a 成等比数列． …… 4分 (2)由条件知1c d ==，22212b a a b ⎧=⋅∴⎨=+⎩ …… 6分2a b =⎧⎪∴⎨=⎪⎩椭圆方程为22142x y += …… 8分 （3）[文科]设点A ),(11y x 、B ),(22y x ，当x l ⊥轴时，A )1,2(--、B )1,2(-，所以0⋅≠OA OB ． …… 9分设直线l 的方程为)2(+=x k y ，代入椭圆方程得04424)21(2222=-+++k x k x k ．…………… 11分所以21222122x x ,12k 4k 4x x 12k ⎧+=-⎪⎪+⎨-⎪⋅=⎪⎩+…………………………………………… 13分由0⋅=OA OB 得1212x x y y 0⋅+⋅=222212121212x x k (x (1k )x x (x x )2k 0⋅+=+⋅++=代入得2222222(1k )(4k 4)2k 012k 12k+--+=++，解得k = 所以直线l的方程为=+y x ． …… 16分[理科]设点P （x,y ），A ),(11y x 、B ),(22y x ，由 OP OA OB =+，得1212x x x y y y =+⎧⎨=+⎩当x l ⊥轴时，A )1,2(--、B )1,2(-，此时P )0,22(-不在椭圆上． …… 9分设直线l 的方程为)2(+=x k y ，代入椭圆方程得04424)21(2222=-+++k x k x k ． …… 11分所以⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧+=++-=++=+=+-=+=222212122212122)222124()22(,2124k kk k k x x k y y y k k x x x … 13分把点P （x,y ）代入椭圆方程得1)21(28)21(432222224=+++k k k k ，解得212=k ， 所以直线l的方程为(2=±+y x ． …… 16分 23． (1)显然1n a n =+，12n n n a a a +++>对任意正整数都成立， 即{}n a 是三角形数列． …… 2分因为k>1，显然有12()()()n n n f a f a f a ++<<<⋅⋅⋅，由12()()()n n n f a f a f a +++>得12n n n k k k +++>，解得12k +<.所以当1(1,2∈k 时，()x f x k =是数列{}n a 的“保三角形函数”. …… 5分 (2) 由1438040+-=n n S S 得1438040--=n n S S ,两式相减得1430+-=n n c c所以，1320104-⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭n n c ，经检验，此通项公式满足1438040+-=n n S S ……7分显然12++>>n n n c c c ，因为11123321320102010201044164+-++⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫+=+=⋅> ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭n n n n n n c c c ， 所以{}n c 是“三角形”数列． …… 10分(3) [文科] 因为n g(c )是单调递减函数，所以，由12lg lg lg --+>n n n c c c 得333lg 2010(2)lg lg 2010(1)lg lg 2010(3)lg 444+-++->+-n n n ……14分 化简得4lg 2010lg 3>n ，解得26.4<n ， 即数列{}n b 最多有26项． ……18分(3) [理科] 探究过程： 函数2()2h x x x =-+，[1,]x A ∈是数列1，1+d ，1+2d (0)d > 的“保三角形函数”，必须满足三个条件：①1，1+d ，1+2d (0)d >是三角形数列，所以1112d d ++>+，即01d <<．②数列中的各项必须在定义域内，即12+≤d A .③(1),(1),(12)++h h d h d 是三角形数列.由于2()2h x x x =-+，[1,]x A ∈是单调递减函数，所以(1)(12)(1)h d h d h +++>，解得05d <<． 评分建议原则：从考生解答的整体结构上判断考生的思维水平、把握考生的得分层次．对于非完备性的探索包括指向有误的探索，应坚持完成评卷．1．没有写出命题，但有比较完整的探究过程，得分最高不超过4分．2．写出“2()2h x x x =-+，[1,]x A ∈是数列1，1+d ，1+2d (0)d >的‘保三角形函数’” 的必要条件之一或者充分条件之一（当……时，2()2h x x x =-+，[1,]x A ∈是数列1，1+d ，1+2d (0)d >的‘保三角形函数’），并能适当说明理由，得分最高不超过6分．3．能正确指出“当……时，2()2h x x x =-+，[1,]x A ∈不是数列1，1+d ，1+2d (0)d >的‘保三角形函数’”，并能适当说明理由，得分最高不超过4分．4．考生解答出现上述2、3两条交叉情况的，以较高的得分赋分．第一层次 ………………命题4分，证明4分.示例1： 2()2h x x x =-+，[1,]x A ∈是数列1，1+d ，1+2d (0)d >的“保三角形函数”的充要条件是12,0+≤<<d A d ． 证明：必要性：因为当x=1时，h(x)的最大值为1，则由1112(1)(12)1++>+⎧⎨+++>⎩d d h d h d得d <12+≤d A .充分性：当12,05+≤<<d A d 时，22(1)1,(1)1,(12)14h h d d h d d =+=-+=-， 有(1)(1)(12)0h h d h d >+>+>，且22(1)(12)(1)(14)1(1)h d h d d d h +++=-+->=，故函数2()2h x x x =-+，[1,]x A ∈是数列1，1+d ，1+2d (0)d > 的“保三角形函数”．综上，充要条件是12,0+≤<<d A d 第二层次 …………… 命题3分，证明3分.示例2：2()2h x x x =-+，[1,]x A ∈是数列1，1+d ，1+2d (0)d >的“保三角形函数”的必要条件是550<<d . 解：在A d ≤+21条件下，因为当x=1时，h(x)的最大值为1，则由1112(1)(12)1++>+⎧⎨+++>⎩d d h d h d得d <. 第三层次 …………… 命题2分，证明2分.示例3：当12d A +>时，显然()y h x =不是数列1，1+d ，1+2d (0)d >的“保三角形函数”.因为，此时(12)h d +不存在.。

上海市杨浦区2024学年高三下学期第二次统一考试英语试题考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。

选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。

2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。

3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．— I want to learn tennis. Would you like to help me?—. But learning tennis is no walk in the park.A．No kidding B．No wonder C．No problem D．No way2．worries the public that air pollution is becoming more and more serious these days.A．It B．That C．What D．This3．— Y ou could always put the decision off a little bit longer.— __________ If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance.A．That’s reasonable.B．Isn’t it a good idea?C．Do you think so? D．I can’t agree more.4．—Why are you in such a hurry, Bob?—Mother told me I ________ be home by 9:00 pm, or she will be worried.A．must B．mightC．can D．may5．______ caught in the rain unexpectedly, we still enjoyed the journey very much.A．When B．AsC．Unless D．Although6．He always keeps an eye on shortcomings of his brother’s _________ refusing to admit his own mistakes.A．but B．whileC．although D．though7．Lucy_ _writing her essay by 10:00 this morning. After that, she listened to music for a while.A．will finish B．finishesC．has finished D．had finished8．Come off it! Oversleeping is as lame an excuse as other.A．one B．eachC．some D．any9．The little boy stared at the strange man questioningly, not ________ whether to believe what he had said.A．to know B．knowingC．known D．having known10．—I wonder why he has been acting so strangely these days．—Recent pressure at work may ____ his behavior．A．account for B．call for C．change for D．stand for11．_________ his conclusion on the evidence he collected on the scene, he proved that the murderer was guilty. A．Based B．BasingC．To base D．Being based12．________ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks.A．Not completing B．Not completedC．Not having completed D．Having not completed13．An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery.A．was held B．would hold C．has hold D．will be held14．I hope my teacher will take into _______ the fact that I was ill just before the exams when she marks my paper. A．idea B．considered C．account D．thought15．_____ annoys the teacher most is that all the students are too quiet in class.A．What B．ThatC．When D．Who16．The disaster-stricken village was inaccessible ___________ by helicopter, and the storm added to the rescuers’ difficulty.A．instead of B．other than C．rather than D．regardless of17．– Where did you get to know her?-- It was on the farm ___ we worked.A．that B．there C．which D．where18．Although he did not do it___________, he definitely had some responsibility.A．instantly B．deliberatelyC．accidentally D．casually19．I called her nearly ten minutes this morning, but I couldn’t ________.A．get through B．go through.C．live through D．look through20．The cost of living in big cities ________ steadily for many years，and it has led some youths to drop out of the big city race.A．is climbing B．is being climbedC．has been climbing D．has been climbed第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。