宾语从句
一、什么是宾语从句？
宾语从句是英语中用来充当宾语的句子。
带有宾语从句的那个句子叫主句。
宾语从句一般由“引导词＋主语＋谓语＋其它”构成，其语序是陈述句语序。
二、哪些词后面常接that引导的宾语从句？
主句的谓语动词是say，think，tell，know，hear，see，feel，mean，hope，wish，remember，forget等时，或主句的谓语动词是由形容词afraid，glad，sure，sorry等作表语的系表结构时，后面常接that引导的宾语从句。
例如：
He says that he wants to speak to the headmaster．他说他想和校长说话。
I think that we need to buy some meat for the party．我认为我们需要为聚会买些肉。
I'm sorry（that）he isn't here right now．对不起，此刻他不在。
三、从句的引导词that能省略吗？
that引导的宾语从句用来陈述事实，that本身无词义，在从句中不作任何成分，在口语中常常省略。
例如：
I guess somebody else has borrowed it．我猜是别的人把它借走了。
I'm afraid you'll have to wait．恐怕你得等一下。
注意：从句前面有插入语时，引导词that不能省略；如果有两个并列的宾语从句，第二个从句的引导词that也不能省略。
例如：
She may tell you，for example，that she is interested in Chinese．例如，她可能会告诉你，她对汉语感兴趣。
Mr Read said（that）he taught English in a middle school in Beijing and that he came from Australia．里德先生说他在北京的一所中学教英语，他来自澳大利亚。
四、宾语从句的时态有什么讲究？
1.主句中谓语动词是一般现在时，从句中谓语动词的时态不受限制，可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；
2.主句中谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须要用某种过去时态，以保持时态的前后呼应。
3.注意当宾语从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、名言时，则用一般现在时，不受主句时态的限制。
试比较：
He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible．他说他想尽快见到他。
He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible．他说他想尽快见到他。
He says that he is mending his bike．他说他正在修他的自行车。
He said that he was mending his bike．他说他正在修他的自行车。
The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun．老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。
五、什么是否定转移？
主句是I ／We think ／suppose ／guess ／believe等，从句中的否定习惯上要转移到主句中，这就叫作否定转移。
例如：我认为鸡不会游泳。
误：I think chickens can not swim．
正：I don't think chickens can swim．
注意：上述情况变成反意疑问句时，附加问句要看从句，如果主句的主语不是第一人称，则附加问句要看主句。
试比较：
I think he is wrong，isn't he？
He thinks he is right，doesn't he？
六.连接代词、连接副词与宾语从句
本单元重点内容是由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句
I．宾语从句可由连接代词what，who，whom，whose，which等引导，它们在宾语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语等，因此不能省略。
如：
Do you know who will come this afternoon？你知道今天下午谁来吗？（作主语）
Did you hear what she said？你听见她说的话了吗？（作宾语）
I don't know whose that is．我不知道那是谁的。
（作表语）
Could you tell me which gate we have to go to？请问我们得走哪个门？（作gate的定语）
II．宾语从句可由连接副词when，where，how，why等引导，它们在宾语从句中作状语，不可省略。
如：
We didn't know when she would come back．我们不知道她什么时候回来。
Can you tell me how I get to the post office？你能告诉我到邮局怎么走吗？
说明：含how的词组也可引导宾语从句。
主要有how old，how many，how much，how long，how often，how far等。
如：
Do you know how old he is？
注意：以上两项内容中，连接代词和连接副词起引导宾语从句的作用，不要再重复使用连接词，造成不必要的错误。
如：
I can't see that what is over there．（×）此句中应去掉that。
III．可用连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句的动词或短语动词有see，say，tell，ask，answer，know，decide，find out，show，remember，choose等。
如：
We can't decide who should go to Beijing first．我们不能决定谁应该先去北京。
Read the story below and find out who Father Christmas is．读下面的故事，弄清楚圣诞老人是谁。
特殊疑问句变宾语从句五注意
一、在引导词上，要将疑问代词或疑问副词变为连接代词或连接副词，引导宾语从句。
如：
Whose bike is this？Does anybody know？→ Does anybody know whose bike this is？
二、宾语从句的时态应与主句的时态保持一致。
如：
When the train will arrive？He asked me．→ He asked me when the train would arrive．
三、在语序上，要将疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。
如：
Which one do you like best？She asked me．→She asked me which one I liked best．
【注意】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是do／does ／did，变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。
四、特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。
如：
Who can answer the question？The teacher asked．→The teacher asked who could answer the question．
五、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：如主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。
如：
I don't know when we shall start tomorrow．
Do you know when we shall start tomorrow？
宾语从句中连词专练
请补上下列各题宾语从句中所缺的连词（引导词）。
1．They said ________ they would all leave if John stayed．
2．I wonder ________ we can meet when I am in Beijing．
3．She asked ________ or not she could work in Xinjiang．
4．The teacher didn't know ________ broke the window．
5．Mr. Green went out to see ________ was happening．
6．Please tell me ________ your father is．
7．I really don't know ________ I should do with these letters．
8．Did you ask him ________ we would leave？
9．Do you know ________ the lady lives？
10．Can you tell us ________ you are late for class？
11．Could you tell us ________ I can get to the zoo？
12．Jenny wondered ________ wallet it was．
13．I can't decide ________ coat I should choose．
—In half an hour．（宁波市）
12）汉译英：你能不能告诉我，我们去看望谁？
Can you tell me who（m）we have to see？
错句的错误出在宾语从句中误用了疑问句的结构——主语前加了个助动词do。
因为我们已经习惯了特殊疑问句
第三关，注意时态的呼应。
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受主句谓语时态的制约，这种现象称为“时态的呼应”。
例如：
13）汉译英：我原以为你今天有空的。
误：I thought（that）you are free today．
正：I thought（that）you would be free today．
这种时态的呼应，如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制，例如：
14）He thought he was working for the people．
15）I heard she had been to the Great W all．
16）John hoped that he would find a job soon．
但宾语从句如果表示定理法则、永恒真理等，则不变化：
17）The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun．
巩固与检测请做下列2002年中考题：
1．In the bookshop，a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book．（北京市东城区）
A．that B．how C．what D．if
2．—I don't know _____ Mr.Green will come to see us．
—He will help us with our English．（杭州市）
A．why B．when C．how D．where
3．—We never know _____ the old m an is．
—They say he is a teacher．（鄂州市）
A．what B．who C．which D．where
4．I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers．（重庆市）
A．that how B．how that C．when that D．that when
5．—Do you know _____ ？I'm going to see him．
—Sorry，I don't know．（北京市海淀区）
A．where does Mr．Li live B．where did Mr．Li live
C．where Mr．Li lives D．where Mr．Li lived
6．—W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer？
—Sorry，I have no idea．（南京市）
A．／；bought B．has；bought C．did；buy D．does；buy
7．I don't feel very well．Mum asked me _____ this morning．（重庆市）
A．what the matter is B．what is wrong
C．what the matter was D．what wrong was
8．—Where is Jack？
—He is away to spend his holiday．He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan，but I'm not sure _____ ．（南昌市）
A．that B．which C．where D．there
宾语从句（80分）
1. He said that neither of them _____ a scientist.
A. is
B. was
C. were
D. to be
2. He wondered _____ his uncle had been in the army.
A. how often
B. how soon
C. how far
D. how long
3. Can you tell me _____ took part in the sports meet?
A. how many
B. how soon people
C. how many people
D. how much people
4. She wants to know _____.
A. what time he goes to school
B. which time he goes to school
C. when does he go to
school D. what time does he go to school
5. He asked _____.
A. which classroom was his
B. that which classroom was his
C. which classroom is his
D. which classroom his is
6. Which sentence is right?
A. What do you know she is?
B. Do you know what she is?
C. Do you know that what
she is? D. Do you know what is she?
7. She asks _____.
A. if may the exercises be handed in tomorrow
B. if the exercises may be handed in
tomorrow C. if may be the exercises handed in tomorrow D. if the exercises may be
handed in on tomorrow
8. Do you expect(希望) _____ come to see you?
A. their
B. that them
C. will they
D. that they will
9. I didn’t know if it _____ tomorrow.
A. was fine
B. is fine
C. would be fine
D. will be fine
10. He told me _____.
A. he had been to England
B. he is going to England
C. he had gone in England
D. he
has been to England
11. I’m sorry ____ your mother is ill.
A. that
B. if
C. what
D. whether
12. Try to guess _____ each tomato weighs.
A. that
B. how much
C. how heavy
D. how many
13. I want to know _____.
A. how long haven’t cleaned the rooms
B. how long have the rooms not been cleaned
C.
how long the rooms haven’t been cleaned D. how long haven’t the rooms been cleaned
14. Mary said _____ she was tired.
A. if
B. that
C. when
D. whether
15. I wonder how long my brother _____ in the army.
A. had, he
B. does, join
C. has, joined
D. has, been
16. He said _____.
A. that the girl be his sister
B. that the girl is his sister
C. that the girl were his sister
D.
that the girl was his sister
17. Do you know _____?
A. whose the girl is
B. what’s the girl
C. where’s the girl
D. who the girl is
18. Do you know _____ Tom studies at the same school?
A. will
B. if
C. when
D. do
19. We don’t care _____ he goes.
A. wherever
B. where
C. that
D. what
20. He said _____.
A. that the car had been repaired twice
B. that the car had repaired twice
C. that the car
had been repaired two times D. that the car twice had been repaired
21. I really don’t know _____.
A. what coat I should buy
B. which coat I should buy
C. what coat should I buy
D.
which coat should I buy
22. My father said _____.
A. that was he not free this morning
B. when he was not free this morning
C. that he was
not free this morning D. if he was not free this morning
23. Do you know _____?
A. what kind of work can this boy do
B. what kind of work this boy do
C. what kind of
work this boy can do D. what kind of work this can boy do
24. Lei Feng ____ he ____ his life for his country.
A. said, gives
B. says, will give
C. said, would give
D. said, give
25. He asked me _____.
A. how soon I liked the film
B. what I liked the film
C. how I liked the film
D. how long
I liked the film
26. I wanted to know _____ in Japan.
A. how long he had been
B. how long he has been
C. how long has he been
D. how long
had he been
27. Yesterday I asked him _____.
A. that he wanted to go to Beijing
B. if he was wanting to go to Beijing
C. if he wanted
to go to Beijing D. did he want to go to Beijing
28. I think _____ this pen is expensive.
A. how
B. (that)
C. whether
D. why
29. Can you tell me _____?
A. where you were born
B. if you were born
C. when you are born
D. where you are
born
30. I wonder _____ Mary will be able to pass the maths exam.
A. how
B. that
C. why
D. whether
31. John asked _____.
A. if he could go out to play
B. can he go out to play
C. whether he can go out to play
D. could he go out to play
32. He explained _____.
A. that he was writing a letter when mother went
B. that he wrote a letter when mother went
in C. that he was writing a letter when mother went in D. when mother went in that he was writing a letter
33. Do you know _____?
A. what are these two girls talking about
B. what these two girls are talking about
C. what
are these two girls talk about D. what these two girls are talking to
34. The professor(教授) was satisfied with _____.
A. what she said
B. how she said
C. when she said
D. why she said
35. Mr Green asked me _____.
A. whether I will visit the farm with him the next day
B. whether I would visit the farm with
him the next day C. if I am visiting the farm with him the next day D. whether would visit the farm with him the next day
36. He will tell John _____.
A. that she can do it if she tries
B. if does she try that she can do it
C. if she tries that she
can do it D. that can she do it if she tries
37. Philip asked me _____ would support(支持) us.
A. what
B. when
C. whose
D. who
38. Nobody knows _____ he is absent.
A. why
B. how
C. where
D. what
39. He wonders _____.
A. when does the train start
B. when is the train starting
C. when the train is starting
D.
when the train has started
40. Can you tell me _____?
A. what are good manner in Japan
B. what good manner are in Japan
C. what are good
manners in Japan D. what good manner are in Japan
41. He thought (that) this answer _____ correct.
A. were
B. will be
C. has been
D. was
42. She doesn’t know _____ since last term.
A. how many English words she has learned
B. how many English words she have learned
C. how many English words has she learned
D. how many English words she learned
43. The doctor wanted to say _____.
A. wasn’t John well enough to go to school
B. if John was well enough to go to school
C.
that John wasn’t enough well to go to school D. that John wasn’t well enough to go to
school
44. The driver said _____ such a machine would run out of order(不正常运行).
A. that
B. if
C. when
D. how
45. Do you know _____?
A. what place the big building has been put up
B. where the big building has been put up
C. where the big building is putting up
D. which the big building has been put up
46. Could you tell me _____?
A. which grade your younger sister is in now
B. what grade your younger sister is in now
C. which grade your younger sister is now
D. which grade your younger sister was in now
47. I’m sure _____.
A. that why Jack doesn’t jump so high as his brother
B. that Jack isn’t jump so high as his
brother C. that Jack doesn’t jump so high as his brother D. that why Jack doesn’t jump so high as his brother
48. Do you know _____?
A. if Mr Smith is them English teacher
B. that Mr Smith is their English teacher
C. if Mr
Smith is their English teacher D. if Mr Smith be their English teacher
49. I know that _____.
A. our teacher would attend our meeting
B. our teacher is going to attend our meeting
C.
our teacher was going to attending our meeting D. our teacher is attending our meeting
50. He asked me _____.
A. if the new play had been put on that theatre(剧院)
B. whether the new play has been put
on at that theatre C. whether the new play had been put on at that theatre D. when the new play had been put on at that theatre
51. He said _____ some day.
A. that he would have a shop of his own
B. that he would has a shop of his own
C. that he
should has a shop of his own D. that he would have a shop of my own
52. Can you tell me _____?
A. is whose pronunciation good
B. who pronunciation is good
C. whose pronunciation is
good D. whose pronunciation is well
53. I wondered _____ the cinema was near the post office.
A. that
B. which
C. if
D. or
54. Do you know _____.
A. what did they study for
B. what they study in
C. what they study for
D. what do they
study for
55. I don’t know _____.
A. where does he live
B. where has he lived
C. where he lives
D. where he has lived in
56. I am afraid _____ he will not be able to come.
A. if
B. that
C. how
D. when
57. I wonder _____ I must hand in my exercise book now.
A. that
B. where
C. when
D. whether
58. The student always pays attention to _____ the teacher says.
A. that
B. whatever
C. who
D. whether
59. Do you know _____?
A. when Mr White has come to our office
B. when will Mr White come to our office
C. when Mr White will come to our office
D. when Mr White comes to our office
60. Can you tell me _____?
A. how old she is
B. how old is she
C. that how old she is
D. she is how old
61. He wanted to know _____ in this shop.
A. if this kind of radio was bought
B. if this kind of radio was sold
C. whether this kinds of radio was sold
D. whether this kind of radios was bought
62. He wanted to know _____ in the bottle.
A. if there was any water
B. is there any water
C. was there any water
D. there was some
water
63. I asked if _____.
A. was Mr Green at home
B. is Mr Green at home
C. Mr Green was at home
D. did Mr
Green at home
64. I _____ that you _____ a plane.
A. think, couldn’t draw
B. think, can’t draw
C. don’t think, could drawing
D. don’t
think, can draw
65. Betty said _____.
A. that she hadn’t done her homework yesterday
B. that she doesn’t do her homework
yesterday C. that she wasn’t doing her homework yesterday D. that she didn’t do her
homework yesterday
66. Can you tell me?
A. what size trousers your son wears
B. what size trousers your son puts on
C. which size
trousers your son puts on D. which size trousers your son wears
67. I asked if Mary _____ this morning.
A. didn’t come
B. didn’t came
C. don’t come
D. doesn’t come
68. He heard (that) maths _____ easy.
A. aren’t
B. weren’t
C. isn’t
D. wasn’t
69. I wonder _____ next year.
A. whether will his uncle go to Japan
B. if will his uncle go to Japan
C. if his uncle will go
to Japan D. if his uncle goes to Japan
70. Can you tell me _____ the film will begin?
A. that
B. if
C. when
D. what
71. Do you understand _____?
A. what I said
B. what I spoke
C. what I talked
D. what I told
72. Did you think _____ in a year?
A. that the work can be finished
B. whether the work must be finished
C. when the work
must be finished D. that the work would be finished
73. John asked me _____ I managed(设法) to do it.
A. if
B. how
C. what
D. when
74. He said _____ well.
A. (that) neither his brother or he swimed
B. (that) neither his brother nor he swims
C.
(that) neither his brother nor he swam D. (that) neither his brother nor he swimed
75. I wondered _____.
A. when was invited to the party
B. who was invited to the party
C. whose was invited to
the party D. whom was invited to the party
76. I hardly knew _____.
A. what the matter was with him
B. the matter was with him
C. what was the matter with
him D. was the matter with him
77. Could you tell me _____?
A. where can this bike be fixed(修理)
B. where this bike can fixed
C. where this bike
could fixed D. where this bike could be fixed
78. I’m not sure _____ he’ll be here in time.
A. that
B. where
C. if
D. when
79. I think ____ I can do better in English this year.
A. that
B. whether
C. and
D. when
80. My aunt asked _____ my hands.
A. had I washed
B. if I washes
C. if I have washed
D. if I had washed
被动语态在线直播
Ask：我们学到了被动语态，何时使用被动语态呢？
Answer：请准备好纸和笔，仔细听好了，在下列情况下要使用被动语态：
一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。
例如：
Football is played all over the world．
二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。
例如：
My bike was stolen．我的自行车被盗了。
三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。
例如：
It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and dropped some money down a chimney．
四、汉语中含有“被”、“由”等词时。
例如：
Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao．
五、汉语中没有“被”、“由”等词，而在原句中试加这类词且句意通顺时。
例如：
These songs are usually sung by boys．这些歌曲通常是男生唱的。
（在“是”后面可以加上“由”）
六、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。
例如：
He was born in October，1989．
七、表示礼貌时。
例如：
You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8：00p．m．tomorrow．敬请您明天晚上8：00光临我们的英语晚会。
【Mr Wang】在以下10种情况下均不能使用被动语态：
一、不及物动词不能用于被动语态。
例如：
【正】The story happened in London．
【误】The story was happened in London．
二、表示状态的动词，如have，cost，fit，last， own，hold，become等往往不能用于被动语态。
例如：
【正】The shirt fits him very well．
【误】He is fitted very well by the shirt．
三、某些“不及物动词＋介词”构成的短语动词，如listen to，walk into，fall off 等，往往不使用被动语态。
例如：
【正】He walked into the room．
【误】The room was walked into by him．
四、祈使句一般没有被动语态。
例如：
【正】Look at the blackboard，please．
【误】The blackboard is looked at by you．
五、宾语和主语所指的对象相同时不能用于被动语态。
例如：
【正】We must help each other．
【误】Each other must be helped by us．
六、某些及物动词的宾语表示处所、地点、组织时不能用于被动语态。
例如：
【正】He joined the League in 1998．
【误】The League was joined by him in 1998．
七、动词不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语时不能用于被动语态。
例如：
【正】They like to watch TV．
【误】To watch TV is liked by them．
【正】He enjoys listening to the radio．
【误】Listening to the radio is enjoyed by him．
八、主动句中有表示数量、长度、大小或程度的单词或短语作宾语时，往往不使用被动语态。
例如：
【正】She pays three yuan for the tomatoes．
【误】Three yuan is paid for these tomatoes by her．
九、由“动词＋名词”构成的英语习语（如make faces，make friends，take place 等）一般不可改为被动语态。
例如：
【正】The boy make faces in class．
【误】Faces are made by the boy in class．
十、反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。
例如：
【正】You must look after yourself．
【误】Yourself must be looked after．
被动语态
一、被动语态概述
语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。
汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。
如：
He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。
（主动语态）
The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。
（被动语态）
二、被动语态的构成
被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。
被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。
疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
3、含有情态动词的被动语态
情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。
如：
Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。
Tables could be made of stone at that time.那时桌子可由石头制造。
（一般过去时）Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
三、被动语态的用法：
1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。
此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。
The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。
The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。
3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。
如：
The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。
4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。
It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。
It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。
其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有
It is reported that…据报道
It is said that…据说
It is believed that…大家相信
It is suggested that…有人建议
四、主动语态变为被动语态
转换图示：
1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：
（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：
注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。
如：
Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom.
（2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。
注意：
They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday.
他们昨天开会了。
（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。
注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。
He sang a song. → A song was sung by h im.
2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
（1）主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示"人们"、"大家"的单词，变为主动句时，通常删去"by…"，但原主语被强调者除外。
如：
They set up this hospital in 1975. → This hospital was set up in 1975.
这所医院建于1975年。
Only he can finish the job. → 只有他能完成这项工作。
The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。
（2）含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。
但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。
We were told the truth by Jack.
The truth was told (to) us by Jack.
五、动词的主动形式表示被动之意
以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词，如：look, feel, smell等。
下列动词没有被动式：happen，cost，take，have
An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。
An accident happened yesterday.（）
The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。
This book sells well.这本书畅销。
六、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）
1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）
English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。
Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。
2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)
The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。
My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。
3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)
A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。
A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。
I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)
The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。
The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。
A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。
5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)
Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。
The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
Several soldiers have already been killed in the conflict. 在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀
害。
6．过去完成时(had been+done)
They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。
She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。
He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.
他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
被动语态专项练习
Ⅰ单项选择
1. Good books ____ again and again.
A. should be readed
B. should be read
C. must read
D. ought to read
2. The children ____ by the nurse.
A. were looked
B. looked after
C. were looked after
D. looked
3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.
A. gave, didn't listen
B. was given, wasn't listened
C. give, wasn't listened
D. was given, didn't listen
4. When____ the accident _____ ?
A. was, happen
B. did, happen
C. is, happen
D. was, happened
5. The question ____ by us soon.
A. is going to discuss
B. will discuss
C. is going to be discussed
D. has been discussed
6. The lab ____ about five years ago.
A. was builded
B. was built
C. builds
D. has been built
7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.
A. have set up
B. have been set up
C. were set up
D. set up
8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.
A. had finished
B. have finished
C. had been finished
D. have been finished
9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.
A. is…grown
B. is…grew
C. was…grew
D. was…grown
10. He ____ by the teachers.
A. is always praised
B. praises
C. have been praised
D. always is praised
11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ .
A. have taken, have been opened
B. take, are open
C. are taken, open
D. have been taken, are opened
12. The picture______ in October, 1996.
A. was taking
B. had been taken
C. was taken
D. had taken
13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .
A. has been repaired
B. is repairing
C. is repaired
D. is being repaired
14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.
A. was shown
B. showed
C. have shown
D. was showing
15. The war______ in 1941.
A. broke out
B. had been broken out
C. was broken out
D. had broken out
16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapour.
A. is heated
B. heating
C. has heated
D. heats
17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .
A. locked
B. locks
C. is locked
D. is locking
18. They ______day and night.
A. are made work
B. are made to work
C. made to be worked
D. are making to work
19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.
A. filled
B. fill
C. full
D. fulled
20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.
A. was sent up
B. is sent up
C. have been sent up
D. has been sent up
21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children.
A. is, singing
B. is, sung
C. will, sing
D. was, sung
22.The windows of our house _____once a week.
A. must clean
B. have cleaned
C. is cleaned
D. are cleaned
23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?
A. was, found
B. was, founded
C. did, found
D. does, found
24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.
A. will be mended
B. has mended
C. was mended
D. mended
25. Your exercise books _____ after class.
A. will hand in
B. must hand in
C. handed in
D. must be handed in
26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.
A. be planted
B. plant
C. are planted
D. will be planted
27. The sun _____ at night as usual.
A. can be seen
B. can't see
C. can't be seen
D. doesn't see
28. A new English play _____ there next week.
A. will put on
B. will be put on
C. is going to put on
D. will be putted on
29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.
A. was happened
B. has been happened
C. happened
D. was going to happen
30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.
A. broke, is broken
B. is broken, was broken
C. was broken, broke
D. has been broken, broken
Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态
1. I saw the boy run yesterday.
2. He told me that he would come back soon.
3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
4. Do you water your flowers every day?
5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.
6. I think that he is right.
7. He had not thrown the bad food.
8. Mother was not mending the trousers.
9. They would not take him to Beijing.
10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.
参考答案
Ⅰ单项选择
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. C
6. B
7. B
8. A
9. A 10. A
11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A
16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C
21.B 22. D 23.B 24. C 25.D
26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B
Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态
1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.
2. I was told that he would come back soon.
3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages.
4. Are your flowers watered every day?
5. The big tree was blown down last night.
6. It is thought that he is right.
7. The bad food had not been thrown.
8. The trousers were not being mended by my mother.
9. He would not be taken to Beijing.
10. I was known by nobody in this town at that time.。
