山东省微山县2017-2018学年高二语文暑假收心检测试题

2017～2018学年度第二学期期中考试高二语文参考答案1.A（……压力的根源在于无节制的消费需求、资本的无节制对利润的追求这两个方面）2.C（“却非常落后”文中没有这样的肯定性主张，似是而非）3.D(仅仅“认识到”是不行的，原文是“……在日常生活中持之以恒，以支持废品回收和再生资源的使用为己任”，这就包括了行动)4.D (多是通过具体描述展现的，也有概括叙述）5. ①表现人物心理，彰显金波对好朋友的理解与尊重之情；②展示人物性格特点，说明金波是个细心的、善解人意的人；③这个细节不仅温暖了少平，也温暖了读者，具有较好的艺术感染力。

（5分，答出两点给4分，答全给5分）6. ①为改变家庭落后面貌和自身命运而外出寻求出路的勇毅精神；②有不攀附他人而独立拼搏的进取精神；③有身处困境而不畏困难的吃苦精神；④有浓重的担忧家人、感恩朋友、珍视友情的情怀。

（6分。

答对三点即可得6分，答出“闯荡精神、独立精神、拼搏精神、吃苦耐劳精神等”并能有清晰区分开的内涵，也可以）[探究能力上要求“从文本角度和层面发掘文本反映的人生价值和时代精神”，从这里看我们还可以做点深度解读。

小说的题目是“平凡的世界”，何为“世界”？对“世界”一词内涵的核心性理解会涉及到我们对整部作品的解读。

《平凡的世界》里有这样的表述：“在田晓霞的影响下，孙少平一直关心和注视着双水村以外广阔的大世界。

对于村里的事情，他决不像哥哥那样热心。

对于他二爸跑烂鞋地‘闹革命’，他在心里更是抱有一种嘲笑的态度，常讥讽他那‘心爱的空忙’。

他自己身在村子，思想却插上翅膀，在一个更为广大的天地里恣意飞翔……”。

原著中少平并未直接表述“世界”的概念，但“世界”确是这些具体内容最核心的概括。

这里所强调的“世界”指的是“人”不被现实彻底限制、占领乃至征服，不向“现实”彻底交出自己的不屈与抵抗，不让“现实”在自己的身上显示出强大的力量。

不去主动充分地适应“现实”，也不会不断促进与帮助这个“现实”。

山东省微山县2017-2018学年高二英语暑假收心检测试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ADear Daisy,Phew! I’m so glad that day is over. I was so worried all summer that my first day at my new school would be terrible.I’m really tired, but my first day at school went well and I feel much better now.First of all, we had to meet outside the school building. I was very nervous because my primary school only had 300 pupils but in the secondary school there are about 1,300. What a difference! The older pupils are really big. I felt so small waiting there in front of the school.The other problem was that I didn’t know anyone. My family moved over the summer holidays, because of Dad’s new job. So now I have to try to make some new friends. Standing in front of the school this morning, I wanted to be back at my old school with my old friends.The head teacher came out and told us to go into the school hall. Then he called our names out to tell us which class we were in. My class teacher is called Mrs. Black. She took us to our classroom. It’s on the 5th floor and … guess what? ... We aren’t allowed to use the lift. I couldn’t believe it.When we were walking up all the stairs I started talking to another boy who didn’t know anyone. He said his family had moved from Hong Kong over the summer. He seemed really nice so we sat together when we got to our classroom, out of breath! He said his English was very poor but I thought it was really good.We spent all morning with Mrs. Black looking at our timetables. Everyone in the school has a different timetable—can you believe it? Half of the school is learning Spanish asa second language and the other half learns French. I’m in the Spanish group, which sounds like fun. I’m worried that I’ll forget my timetable and go to the wrong room! How will anyone help me if nobody else has the same timetable as me?Lunchtime was OK. After lunch we started lessons. I had maths, which was complicated and difficult and then history, where we started to learn about ancient Greece. That looks interesting. I have to do some homework tonight to find out how the ancient Greek people lived.So far so good. I’m quite looking forward to tomorrow, even though I’ve got science.I hate science!Jason1. How did the author feel on the first day at his new school?A. Terrible.B. Good.C. Worried.D. Funny.2. The head teacher came to ______.A. tell the students which class they were inB. give the students a timetableC. show the students how to use the liftD. tell the students what language they would learn3. What does the author think of ‘Everyone in the school has a different timetable.’?A. He liked this very much.B. He was worried about this.C. He liked this a bit.D. He couldn’t understand the timetable.BWhat do you usually do after school? Playing football? Watching TV? Come on, we need something new! Let’s see how kids in foreign countries spend their free time!Mess around with Dress-upDo your parents have any old clothes? See if you can get an old box and start collecting hats, shoes and clothes now! Then, when your friends come over after school, you can play dress-up. See if you can make yourself into a doctor, or a cowboy, or even a spaceman! Use glitter paint and old material to decorate the clothes the way you like them.If you are really clever, you could even put on a show for your family! Let yourimagination run wild!①Want to learn new things after school? Want to make new friends who aren’t in your class? You can get both of them in clubs. In other countries’ schools, there are usually all kinds of clubs for kids to join. There is French club, student government, theatre, choir (合唱队) and photography club.Take photography club as an example. One may learn all the necessary skills about taking photos. For example, you will learn how to choose a camera, how to use the light and how to develop pictures. Sounds cool, right?But that’s not all. One can also make a lot of friends in clubs. It’s always good to enjoy your spare time with friends, isn’t it?4. What is the best title for ① ?A. Start a clubB. Learn a clubC. An important clubD. A photography club5. From the first paragraph we know ______.A. foreign kids don’t like watching TVB. Chinese kids like playing football with foreign kidsC. playing football is not popular with foreign kidsD. foreign kids have some different ways to spend their free time6. When you join a photography club, you CANNOT ______.A. enjoy your free timeB. get a camera for freeC. make some new friendsD. learn to take pictures7. The text mainly talks about ______.A. how to take a good pictureB. how to join a photography clubC. after-class activities in foreign countriesD. putting on a show in foreign schoolsCLiving abroad to study can certainly be an interesting experience but is that alone a good enough reason for spending years far away from home? To make the experience truly worthwhile, there has to be a goal behind the decision to study abroad. This may be a wishto perfect language skills in a foreign language environment, or a clever move in your career development. You must also consider the costs, not just of living and studying abroad, but of applying. Most universities now charge application fees for international students.If after considering these points you are sure that you want to apply to study abroad, your next step is to choose the right programme of studies. Research your choices and select car efully. You must do your homework well. Most universities have information online but you can also email and ask them to send you more details. You can find a lot of information on school ranking from education websites. But read carefully. Different universities emphasize different strengths. Don’t just think about the university’s reputation (名声); look for the most suitable for your goals.Next, you must deal with a large pile of paperwork. This involves filling in application form, preparing your school records, and getting reference letters. Reading the instructions and requirements of the universities carefully is of great importance. Sadly, many fine applicants get kicked out in the first round, simply because they don’t follow the application procedure properly.Money is another important consideration. Some scholarships are provided by governments, others by schools and colleges. This information, again, can be found on the Internet. If you find a scholarship that is suitable for you, follow the application procedure carefully; the earlier you apply, the better your chance of getting it.8. According to the article, studying abroad is truly worthwhile because ______.A. it is an interesting experienceB. it is fun to travel around the worldC. it is an opportunity to develop your careerD. all your friends are doing so9. A school ranking list tells you ______.A. how much the courses costB. the names of all the professorsC. how good the school is compared to othersD. where the school is located10. What are the three basic steps when you apply?A. Buy an airplane ticket, read the instructions and requirements, and study.B. Prepare reference letters, prepare school records, and fill in the application form.C. Prepare school records, do paperwork, and work hard.D. Write a reference letter, do paperwork, and study.11. The underlined phrase “get kicked out in the first round”in Paragraph 3 means ______.A. fail to get to the next roundB. lose money in the first roundC. get accepted in the next roundD. get kicked by a professorDHave you ever had travel problems because your airplane was late? It is a common problem and it is getting worse. Airport delays make people angry and cost the country billions in lost work time.The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is the government agency that ov ersees air travel. They studied the problem of airline delays.They found eleven major problems and suggested eleven ways to fix them. Some of the problems are caused because different regions of the country do things differently. The regions don’t talk to each other enough. Some of them need new computers.Also, more planes are flying. A strong economy has more people using airplanes to get around. Airplanes are a form of mass transportation now, like trains and buses were in the past. More planes in the airport cause delays.The airport in San Francisco is a good example. It is growing fast. Many people go through San Francisco to get to other places around the world. Ron Wilson of the San Francisco International Airport says, “If you’ve got 18 flights that all want to take off at 8:00 am and you’re on the 18th plane in line, you’re going to be 40 minutes late.”Weather is another main reason for delays. Weather causes about 70% of delays. Fog or freezing rain can cause delays.The first thing the FAA wants to do is take control away from the regions during heavy traffic times and bad weather. A national center would make decisions on things that affect the whole country. The FAA also wants to put more distance between planes in the sky when the weather is bad. This rule could cause even more delays.The FAA knows that their solutions will not solve the problems with airport delays. But, they hope to make things better. There are just too many planes, too few traffic controllers, and not enough new technology.12. FAA found that some of the delay problems are caused by ______ between two regions.A. different languagesB. technical misunderstandingC. misunderstanding of the rulesD. lack of communication13. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for airline delays?A. A growing number of flights.B. Bad weather.C. A growing population.D. Lack of new technology.14. From the passage we can infer that ______.A. FAA is a national center which controls all the flight mattersB. FAA has taken control to solve airport delaysC. in San Francisco, each plane will delay about 40 minutesD. safety rules during bad weather may cause more delays15. Which of the statements best gives the idea of the passage?A. FAA should make decisions to stop airport delays.B. Airport delays are on the rise.C. Travel problems cost billions in lost work time.D. FAA has taken control of air traffic nationwide.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

山东省微山县2017-2018学年高二英语暑假收心检测试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ADear Daisy,Phew! I’m so glad that day is over. I was so worried all summer that my first day at my new school would be terrible.I’m really tired, but my first day at school went well and I feel much better now.First of all, we had to meet outside the school building. I was very nervous because my primary school only had 300 pupils but in the secondary school there are about 1,300. What a difference! The older pupils are really big. I felt so small waiting there in front of the school.The other problem was that I didn’t know anyone. My family moved over the summer holidays, because of Dad’s new job. So now I have to try to make some new friends. Standing in front of the school this morning, I wanted to be back at my old school with my old friends.The head teacher came out and told us to go into the school hall. Then he called our names out to tell us which class we were in. My class teacher is called Mrs. Black. She took us to our classroom. It’s on the 5th floor and … guess what? ... We aren’t allowed to use the lift. I couldn’t believe it.When we were walking up all the stairs I started talking to another boy who didn’t know anyone. He said his family had moved from Hong Kong over the summer. He seemed really nice so we sat together when we got to our classroom, out of breath! He said his English was very poor but I thought it was really good.We spent all morning with Mrs. Black looking at our timetables. Everyone in the school has a different timetable—can you believe it? Half of the school is learning Spanish asa second language and the other half learns French. I’m in the Spanish group, which sounds like fun. I’m worried that I’ll forget my timetable and go to the wrong room! How will anyone help me if nobody else has the same timetable as me?Lunchtime was OK. After lunch we started lessons. I had maths, which was complicated and difficult and then history, where we started to learn about ancient Greece. That looks interesting. I have to do some homework tonight to find out how the ancient Greek people lived.So far so good. I’m quite looking forward to tomorrow, even though I’ve got science.I hate science!Jason1. How did the author feel on the first day at his new school?A. Terrible.B. Good.C. Worried.D. Funny.2. The head teacher came to ______.A. tell the students which class they were inB. give the students a timetableC. show the students how to use the liftD. tell the students what language they would learn3. What does the author think of ‘Everyone in the school has a different timetable.’?A. He liked this very much.B. He was worried about this.C. He liked this a bit.D. He couldn’t understand the timetable.BWhat do you usually do after school? Playing football? Watching TV? Come on, we need something new! Let’s see how kids in foreign countries spend their free time!Mess around with Dress-upDo your parents have any old clothes? See if you can get an old box and start collecting hats, shoes and clothes now! Then, when your friends come over after school, you can play dress-up. See if you can make yourself into a doctor, or a cowboy, or even a spaceman! Use glitter paint and old material to decorate the clothes the way you like them.If you are really clever, you could even put on a show for your family! Let yourimagination run wild!①Want to learn new things after school? Want to make new friends who aren’t in your class? You can get both of them in clubs. In other countries’ schools, there are usually all kinds of clubs for kids to join. There is French club, student government, theatre, choir (合唱队) and photography club.Take photography club as an example. One may learn all the necessary skills about taking photos. For example, you will learn how to choose a camera, how to use the light and how to develop pictures. Sounds cool, right?But that’s not all. One can also make a lot of friends in clubs. It’s always good to enjoy your spare time with friends, isn’t it?4. What is the best title for ① ?A. Start a clubB. Learn a clubC. An important clubD. A photography club5. From the first paragraph we know ______.A. foreign kids don’t like watching TVB. Chinese kids like playing football with foreign kidsC. playing football is not popular with foreign kidsD. foreign kids have some different ways to spend their free time6. When you join a photography club, you CANNOT ______.A. enjoy your free timeB. get a camera for freeC. make some new friendsD. learn to take pictures7. The text mainly talks about ______.A. how to take a good pictureB. how to join a photography clubC. after-class activities in foreign countriesD. putting on a show in foreign schoolsCLiving abroad to study can certainly be an interesting experience but is that alone a good enough reason for spending years far away from home? To make the experience truly worthwhile, there has to be a goal behind the decision to study abroad. This may be a wishto perfect language skills in a foreign language environment, or a clever move in your career development. You must also consider the costs, not just of living and studying abroad, but of applying. Most universities now charge application fees for international students.If after considering these points you are sure that you want to apply to study abroad, your next step is to choose the right programme of studies. Research your choices and select car efully. You must do your homework well. Most universities have information online but you can also email and ask them to send you more details. You can find a lot of information on school ranking from education websites. But read carefully. Different universities emphasize different strengths. Don’t just think about the university’s reputation (名声); look for the most suitable for your goals.Next, you must deal with a large pile of paperwork. This involves filling in application form, preparing your school records, and getting reference letters. Reading the instructions and requirements of the universities carefully is of great importance. Sadly, many fine applicants get kicked out in the first round, simply because they don’t follow the application procedure properly.Money is another important consideration. Some scholarships are provided by governments, others by schools and colleges. This information, again, can be found on the Internet. If you find a scholarship that is suitable for you, follow the application procedure carefully; the earlier you apply, the better your chance of getting it.8. According to the article, studying abroad is truly worthwhile because ______.A. it is an interesting experienceB. it is fun to travel around the worldC. it is an opportunity to develop your careerD. all your friends are doing so9. A school ranking list tells you ______.A. how much the courses costB. the names of all the professorsC. how good the school is compared to othersD. where the school is located10. What are the three basic steps when you apply?A. Buy an airplane ticket, read the instructions and requirements, and study.B. Prepare reference letters, prepare school records, and fill in the application form.C. Prepare school records, do paperwork, and work hard.D. Write a reference letter, do paperwork, and study.11. The underlined phrase “get kicked out in the first round”in Paragraph 3 means ______.A. fail to get to the next roundB. lose money in the first roundC. get accepted in the next roundD. get kicked by a professorDHave you ever had travel problems because your airplane was late? It is a common problem and it is getting worse. Airport delays make people angry and cost the country billions in lost work time.The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is the government agency that ov ersees air travel. They studied the problem of airline delays.They found eleven major problems and suggested eleven ways to fix them. Some of the problems are caused because different regions of the country do things differently. The regions don’t talk to each other enough. Some of them need new computers.Also, more planes are flying. A strong economy has more people using airplanes to get around. Airplanes are a form of mass transportation now, like trains and buses were in the past. More planes in the airport cause delays.The airport in San Francisco is a good example. It is growing fast. Many people go through San Francisco to get to other places around the world. Ron Wilson of the San Francisco International Airport says, “If you’ve got 18 flights that all want to take off at 8:00 am and you’re on the 18th plane in line, you’re going to be 40 minutes late.”Weather is another main reason for delays. Weather causes about 70% of delays. Fog or freezing rain can cause delays.The first thing the FAA wants to do is take control away from the regions during heavy traffic times and bad weather. A national center would make decisions on things that affect the whole country. The FAA also wants to put more distance between planes in the sky when the weather is bad. This rule could cause even more delays.The FAA knows that their solutions will not solve the problems with airport delays. But, they hope to make things better. There are just too many planes, too few traffic controllers, and not enough new technology.12. FAA found that some of the delay problems are caused by ______ between two regions.A. different languagesB. technical misunderstandingC. misunderstanding of the rulesD. lack of communication13. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for airline delays?A. A growing number of flights.B. Bad weather.C. A growing population.D. Lack of new technology.14. From the passage we can infer that ______.A. FAA is a national center which controls all the flight mattersB. FAA has taken control to solve airport delaysC. in San Francisco, each plane will delay about 40 minutesD. safety rules during bad weather may cause more delays15. Which of the statements best gives the idea of the passage?A. FAA should make decisions to stop airport delays.B. Airport delays are on the rise.C. Travel problems cost billions in lost work time.D. FAA has taken control of air traffic nationwide.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2017-2018学年高三秋季入学收心考试语文试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共8页。

满分150分。

考试用时150分钟。

注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的班级、姓名、考号、座号填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。

2．第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

答案写在试卷上无效。

3．第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

第Ⅰ卷(共36分)一、（每小题3分，共15分）阅读下面的文字，按要求完成1-3题。

出青州城南五里，有一山名云门山。

自山脚下遥望山顶，崖上隐隐有一寿字，这就是人们要来看的奇迹。

一条石阶小路折转而上，两边一色翠柏，枝枝蔓蔓．．，撒满沟沟壑壑。

树并不很粗，却坚劲．挺拔，都生在石上。

树根（缘/沿）石壁而行，如闪电裂空; (1) ，如大旗迎风。

偶有一两株树直挡路中，那是修路时不忍斫．损，特意留下的， (2) 。

环视四周，让人感到往日岁月的（细密/细致）。

片刻我们爬到半山望寿阁，在这里小憩．，山顶石壁上的大红寿字已（历历在目/赫然在目）。

这是世界上最大的寿字，是书法的精品、极品，日本的书道专家还常渡海西来鼎礼膜拜．．．．呢。

这是明代嘉靖三十九年，青州衡王为自己祝寿时所刻，距今已四百多年。

山上残雪未消，我在料峭．．这个奇迹。

这字高七点五米，．．春风中，细细端祥宽三点七米，也不知当初怎样写上去、刻出来，却又这样不失间架结构．．．．，点画笔意。

这衡王创造了奇迹，但他当时的目的并不为艺术。

衡王刻字（希冀/期望）自己长寿百岁，同时也向老百姓摆摆皇族的威风。

但是数代之后衡王府就被抄家，命不能永存，威风也早风吹雨打去。

倒是这个有艺术价值的寿字，寿到如今。

山东省平阴县、商河县等部分县2017-2018学年上学期期末考试高二期末语文测试考生注意：1•本试卷共150分，考试时间150分钟。

2•请将各题答案填在答题纸上。

3•本试卷主要考试内容：必修五，选修《唐诗宋词选读》。

一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成1-3题。

美国人类学家罗伯特•芮德菲尔德在分析乡村社会文化时，提出了大传统和小传统这两个概念，作为分析框架，以此来说明复杂的社会文化生活中存在着两种不同层次的传统。

他认为，大传统是指上层人士所代表的文化，小传统是指在乡村中农民所代表的文化。

“大传统是在学堂或庙堂之内培育出来的，而小传统则是自发地萌芽出来的。

” b5E2RGbCAP近代之前，以儒家道德文化为核心的大传统伦理与乡村社会的小传统伦理一直有机地结合在一起。

但是，鸦片战争以后，随着西学东渐和中国在与西方列强对抗中的一次次失败，国人对自身道德文化传统的评价越来越低，对待民族文化传统的态度也从自信逐渐转变为自卑。

然而，乡村的文化传统有着强大的韧性，即便遭受“革命式”的大规模摧毁，它的生命力依然强盛。

p1EanqFDPw 作为小传统的中国乡村道德文化，为什么能够起死回生，在今天重新焕发勃勃生机？这是因为自然生发于民间的小传统伦理已然成为乡村社会的文化基因，渗透于乡村社会的日常习俗和仪式之中。

而以习俗和仪式文化为代表的小传统伦理之所以能够世代相传，缘于小传统伦理“活”在民间、“活”在普通人的日常生活之中，即便在当今社会受到市场经济机制和外来文化的冲击，这些“活着” 的小传统伦理依然还在发挥着应有的行为规范作用。

某些习俗和习惯一旦确立起来，就会成为稳定的、不易改变的乡村社会共同体成员普遍认可的道德行为规范。

中国的乡村社会有着不同的、多样的小传统伦理，这也使得大传统伦理与小传统伦理的融合呈现出不同的方式和路径，而没有一个普遍适用的实施方案，这就为各地方乡村社会充分挖掘自身小传统伦理文化的独特性，与当代社会的大传统伦理进行有效的结合提供了可能性。

衡中分校东校区2016级高二上学期期中模拟语文试题一、现代文阅读（35分）(―）论述类文本阅读（9分,每小题3分）阅读下面的文字,完成1〜3题。

漂流异邦的古代中国人如果不把商亡后箕子东奔朝鲜的传说以及对“徐福东渡”结局的猜测算在内，今天可以确切地指出最早漂流到今中国境外的我们的先人，就应当是西汉前期活动在“大宛”国(在今中亚费尔干纳盆地）的“秦人”了。

据《史记·大宛传》,当西汉军队围攻大宛的国都时,这些“秦人”在断绝了水源的围城之中帮助守军“穿井”。

从司马迁在另一处提到为大宛等国“铸钱、器"的“汉使、亡卒降"来看,所谓“秦人”，很可能也是被匈奴俘掠、后来投奔大宛的西汉军人，其中最有名的自然是李陵。

华北汉地社会中也有人被掳掠、甚至逃亡到匈奴政权下去从事农业生产的，后来成为迄今所知为改变个人生存的经济环境而出走异国的最早的人群，因为在那里他们受到的盘剥较轻。

两汉时因国内政治斗争的失败而出奔匈奴者亦时见于记载.自东汉末年以来，日本也逐渐成为中国政治流亡者远走高飞的一方天地.随着隋唐统一帝国的建立，古代中国人寓居他国的活动呈现某种新格局。

由于隋唐政权对突厥和中亚国家持续的军事活动，大批士卒流失在西域固属难免。

禁止汉族居民出家为僧的法令废弛后，汉族僧团的大规模膨胀导致西行求法或东渡弘法的高僧大德人数激增。

除沿着陆上丝绸之路向西推进的商贾之家，通过海路移居东南亚的“唐人”，由唐经宋而入元，也代不乏人。

到了元朝，中国移民在南洋群岛已经相当多了。

东南沿海的中国人向外移民,从晚明的1560年代起逐渐形成一个高潮.明政府在这时开放海禁，使私人出海贸易的规模急剧扩大.但由于明政府仍明令禁止移民海外，遂使出门在外多年的人不敢归国,实际上对移民潮起到推波助澜的作用.17世纪前后，吕宋马尼拉的华人已有两三万人。

清前期为孤立东南抗清力量，重新实行海禁，并对出国归来的人处以死刑，但其收效仍与明末禁止移民海外的政策略同。

山东、湖北部分重点中学2018年高二（高三新起点）联考语文试题现代文阅读论述类文本阅读阅读下面的文字，完成小题。

①人才资源是支撑发展的第一资源。

国家要走创断发展之路，首先要重视创断人才的聚集，对一个地区、一座城市、一个单位来说，亦是如此。

实践证明，有一流的人才方能产出一流的创断成果，要想又好又快发展，就必须有优秀人才的源源会聚。

②人才竞争的核心是环境竞争。

当今世界，人才竞争格局正在发生深刻变化，人才竞争已不仅是单纯的薪酬待遇比拼，而是日益演变成人才发展环境的较量。

曾有一段时间，不少中小城市和基层单位，花费重金向全社会“招贤纳士”，在轰烈烈的优惠政策之下，一时间英才云集。

但遗憾的是，引才成本不断攀升的同时，人才发挥作用情况却与预期相去甚远。

机制不活的无形羁绊、盘根错节的人际关系、缺少公平的竞争环境、捉襟见肘的发展空间······这些都让人才难以施展才干，最终导致人才再次远走高飞。

③梧高风必至，花香蝶自来。

优惠政策的确有利于在短时间内吸引人才，发挥人才的集聚效应，但简单地拼资金、拼优惠政策，已很难形成持久的人才吸引力。

决定人才流向和作用发挥的因素，越来越体现为政策环境、发展空间、文化认同、人居环境等综合性实力。

④显而易见，在高层次人才的去留上，薪酬已不再是关键因素，创新创业的整体环境很大程度上影响着人才的走向。

只有特续倾听人才需求，帮助其打通干事创业所面临的阻碍，令其舒心、安心地创新创业；着力破解束缚人尽其才的体制机制瓶颈，不断加大在人才政策、服务、环境等方面的创断力度，才能最终成为高层次人才创断创业的乐土。

⑤风翱翔于千仞兮，非梧不栖。

成就人才的环境，比物质特遇更宝贵。

硅谷创新之所以能够长盛不衰，就是因为形成了最具活力的创新生态系统。

有人把硅谷比喻为“热带雨林”，有充足的阳光、空气和水分，既孕育了领军企业“大树”，也催生了创业企业“小苗”。

普通高中2017-2018学年高二语文学业水平考试模拟试题（本试卷分Ⅰ、Ⅱ两卷，满分 100 分，考试时间 90 分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.答案一律写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

3.做答第Ⅰ卷选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题共 40 分）一、（满分 9 分，每小题 3 分）1.下列各句中，加点的成语，使用不恰当的一项是（）．．．A.《战争与和平》这部卷帙浩繁的巨著以战争问题为中心，以四家贵族的生活为线索，．．．．展示了 19 世纪初的俄国历史。

B．秋收时节，我陪父母回到了久别的故乡，瓜田李下传来的缕缕清香，让我们不由自．．．．主地向大坝上的老自留地走去。

C．为了加快城市现代化建设的步伐，我市“城市总体规划修编计划”启动，新一轮城市总体规划呼之欲出。

．．．．D.他们为化解部分旅客不满情绪而设立“投诉中心”的做法，表明他们不仅有良好的服务意识，还有闻过则喜的雅量。

．．．．2.下列各句中，没有语病的一项是（）．．A.业内人士认为，中国要想在新一轮汽车产业的变革中占据领先地位，关键在于研发领域能否有重大突破。

B.文化自信，对于行进在实现自己伟大梦想征途中的民族、国家意义重大，对于积极进取，追求幸福的个体更是不可或缺。

C.长江经济带发展必须坚持生态优先、绿色发展的战略方式，这不仅是对自然规律的尊重，也是对经济规律、社会规律的尊重。

D.中俄在能源方面的战略合作，扩大了新兴市场国家在国际能源问题上的话语权得以增强，改变了国际能源治理体系的现有格局。

3．下列各句中，表达得体的一句是（）A．他在回复电视台的活动邀请时说：“公益活动是我非常乐意参与的，我一定会安排好工作，拨冗出席。

”B．听完同学们的发言后，校刊编辑说：“感谢大家抛砖引玉，我相信在大家的支持下，本刊会越办越好！”C．张小明在个人单曲发布会上说：“承蒙各位朋友的厚爱，本张唱片得以发行付梓，希望大家继续支持！”D．业余书法爱好者老刘捧着自己的书法作品，郑重地对朋友老李说：“区区草字，不成敬意，聊供补壁。

2017—2018学年高二年检测语文《中国小说欣赏》模块测试一（第1、2单元）学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、选择题1．下列加点的词语注音全对的一组是( )A．社稷．(jì)谯．(qiáo)郡马羸．(yíng)难行B．小觑．(qù)矫．(jiāo)诏驴鞍前鞒．(qiáo)C．沽．(gū)酒兀．(wù)自奄．(yǎn)有天下D．回銮．(jiàn)松篁．(huáng)咫．(zhǐ)尺2．下列词语解释不正确的一项是( )A．赍．(携带)密书乘间图．(谋取) 贱降．．(古人对自己生日的谦称)B．虽死不恨．(怨恨) 适．(恰好)李儒至卓然．(以……为对)其说C．画影图．(画)形熟．(仔细)视曹操小觑．．(小看，轻视)D．矫．(假传)诏宁教我负．(辜负，对不起)天下人绝不见些消耗．．(消息) 3．下面表述有误的一项是( )A．《三国演义》以蜀汉为正统，政治倾向是拥刘反曹的。

《三国演义》是七分史实，三分虚构，所以不能当作历史来读。

B．我国的古典小说源于神话传说，历经笔记小说、传奇和话本，最后成熟并辉煌于章回小说。

蒲松龄的《聊斋志异》是其中优秀的文言短篇小说集。

C．罗贯中的《三国志通俗演义》是我国第一部长篇章回体历史演义小说，鲁迅先生称赞《三国演义》是“史家之绝唱，无韵之《离骚》”。

D．《水浒传》是我国文学史上第一部以农民起义为题材的长篇小说，它描写了农民起义由兴起到发展、失败的全过程。

4．下列名家言论，评论《西游记》的一项是( )A．文不甚深，言不甚俗，事纪其实，亦庶几乎史。

([明]蒋大器)B．七分实事，三分虚构，以致观者往往为所惑乱。

([清]章学诚)C．全书所写，虽不外悲喜之情，聚散之迹，而人物事故，则摆脱旧套，与在先之人情小说甚不同。

……盖叙述皆存真，闻见悉所亲历，正因写实，转成新鲜。

山东省微山县第二中学2017-2018学年高二语文上学期期中模拟试题（无答案）一、现代文阅读（35分）(―)论述类文本阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1〜3题。

漂流异邦的古代中国人如果不把商亡后箕子东奔朝鲜的传说以及对“徐福东渡”结局的猜测算在内，今天可以确切地指出最早漂流到今中国境外的我们的先人，就应当是西汉前期活动在“大宛”国（在今中亚费尔干纳盆地）的“秦人”了。

据《史记·大宛传》，当西汉军队围攻大宛的国都时，这些“秦人”在断绝了水源的围城之中帮助守军“穿井”。

从司马迁在另一处提到为大宛等国“铸钱、器”的“汉使、亡卒降”来看，所谓“秦人”，很可能也是被匈奴俘掠、后来投奔大宛的西汉军人，其中最有名的自然是李陵。

华北汉地社会中也有人被掳掠、甚至逃亡到匈奴政权下去从事农业生产的，后来成为迄今所知为改变个人生存的经济环境而出走异国的最早的人群，因为在那里他们受到的盘剥较轻。

两汉时因国内政治斗争的失败而出奔匈奴者亦时见于记载。

自东汉末年以来，日本也逐渐成为中国政治流亡者远走高飞的一方天地。

随着隋唐统一帝国的建立，古代中国人寓居他国的活动呈现某种新格局。

由于隋唐政权对突厥和中亚国家持续的军事活动，大批士卒流失在西域固属难免。

禁止汉族居民出家为僧的法令废弛后，汉族僧团的大规模膨胀导致西行求法或东渡弘法的高僧大德人数激增。

除沿着陆上丝绸之路向西推进的商贾之家，通过海路移居东南亚的“唐人”，由唐经宋而入元，也代不乏人。

到了元朝，中国移民在南洋群岛已经相当多了。

东南沿海的中国人向外移民，从晚明的1560年代起逐渐形成一个高潮。

明政府在这时开放海禁，使私人出海贸易的规模急剧扩大。

但由于明政府仍明令禁止移民海外，遂使出门在外多年的人不敢归国，实际上对移民潮起到推波助澜的作用。

17世纪前后，吕宋马尼拉的华人已有两三万人。

清前期为孤立东南抗清力量，重新实行海禁，并对出国归来的人处以死刑，但其收效仍与明末禁止移民海外的政策略同。