市场营销英语论文
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英文市场营销策略范文Marketing StrategyIntroduction: In today's highly competitive business environment, having an effective marketing strategy is crucial for the success and growth of any organization. A well-planned and executed marketing strategy helps a company to identify and target its potential customers, differentiate its products or services from competitors, and ultimately drive sales and profitability. This essay will outline a comprehensive marketing strategy for a fictional company called XYZ Ltd., which operates in the technology industry.Target Market Analysis: Before developing a marketing strategy, it is important to identify and understand the target market. XYZ Ltd. primarily targets tech-savvy individuals aged 18-35 who are early adopters of new technologies. These individuals are highly active on social media platforms and are interested in the latest gadgets and innovations. They are educated and have disposable income to spend on high-end technology products.Marketing Objectives: The marketing objectives of XYZ Ltd. are as follows:1.Increase brand awareness among the target market by 20% within thenext year.2.Increase market share by 10% within the next two years.3.Increase customer loyalty and repeat purchases by 15% within thenext year.4.Increase online sales by 30% within the next year.Marketing Mix:1.Product: XYZ Ltd. will focus on developing innovative and high-quality technology products that meet the needs and desires of its target market. This includes smartphones, tablets, laptops, and smart home devices. Constant research and development will beconducted to stay ahead of the competition.2.Price: XYZ Ltd. will adopt a premium pricing strategy to positionitself as a high-end brand in the market. The price will reflect the quality and innovation of the products. In addition, periodic discounts and promotions will be offered to attract price-sensitive customers.3.Place: XYZ Ltd. will primarily sell its products through onlinechannels, such as its e-commerce website and third-party online marketplaces. This will ensure a wider reach and convenience for customers. In addition, partnerships with retail stores will be established to showcase the products and provide a hands-onexperience to customers.4.Promotion: XYZ Ltd. will utilize various promotional strategies tocreate brand awareness and drive sales. These strategies include: o Social Media Marketing: Engaging with the target market through platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter.Regular posts, contests, and giveaways will be conducted tokeep the audience engaged.o Influencer Marketing: Collaborating with popular tech influencers and bloggers to endorse the products and reach awider audience.o Content Marketing: Creating informative and engaging content, such as blog posts, videos, and tutorials, toeducate and entertain the target market.o Public Relations: Partnering with relevant media outlets to get product reviews and features in magazines, newspapers,and online publications.o Events and Sponsorships: Participating in industry trade shows and sponsoring technology-related events to showcasethe products and build brand credibility.Marketing Implementation: To ensure the successful implementation of the marketing strategy, XYZ Ltd. will establish a dedicated marketing team responsible for executing and monitoring the various marketing activities. This team will work closely with the product development team to align marketing efforts with product launches and updates. Regular feedback and analysis will be conducted to measure the effectiveness of the marketing initiatives and make necessary adjustments.Conclusion: In conclusion, a well-defined and executed marketing strategy is essential for the success of any organization. XYZ Ltd. will focus on targeting the tech-savvy individuals aged 18-35 by developing innovative products, adopting a premium pricing strategy, utilizing online channels for distribution, and implementing various promotional strategies. By setting clear marketing objectives and continuously monitoring and adjusting the marketing efforts, XYZ Ltd. aims toincrease brand awareness, market share, customer loyalty, and online sales in the coming years.。
英语作文市场营销Marketing is all about understanding the needs and wants of customers. It's about creating a product or service that people want to buy, and then finding the best way to sell it to them. This can involve everything from advertising and promotions to pricing and distribution. In today's competitive market, companies need to be creative and innovative in their marketing strategies in order to stand out from the crowd.One of the key elements of successful marketing is understanding the target audience. This means knowing who your customers are, what they like and dislike, and what motivates them to make a purchase. By understanding your target audience, you can tailor your marketing efforts to meet their specific needs and preferences, increasing the likelihood of making a sale.Another important aspect of marketing is building brand awareness. This involves creating a strong, positive imageof your company or product in the minds of consumers. This can be achieved through advertising, public relations, and other promotional activities. By building a strong brand, you can create a loyal customer base and differentiate yourself from competitors.In today's digital age, online marketing has become increasingly important. This includes everything fromsocial media marketing to search engine optimization. With so many people spending time online, it's essential for companies to have a strong online presence in order to reach potential customers and engage with them in meaningful ways.In conclusion, marketing is a dynamic and ever-changing field that requires creativity, innovation, and a deep understanding of consumer behavior. By understanding your target audience, building brand awareness, and embracing online marketing, companies can effectively promote their products and services and ultimately drive sales.。
市场营销英语作文Marketing is like a big party where you're the DJ, trying to get everyone to dance to your tune. You need to know what songs people like, when to play them, and how to make the party rock. That's marketing in a nutshell.Selling a product isn't just about throwing it out there and hoping someone will buy. It's about telling a story, making a connection, and showing people why they need it in their lives. Like, imagine you're selling a new type of sneakers. You don't just say, "Hey, buy these!" You talk about how they're made, who designed them, and how they'll make you feel when you wear them.One thing I love about marketing is that it's always changing. You can't just do the same thing every time and expect it to work. You have to be creative, try new things, and see what sticks. It's like playing a game of trial and error, but when you hit on something that works, it's so satisfying.Another cool thing about marketing is that it's not just about selling stuff. It's also about building brands, creating a reputation, and connecting with people. Like, think about your favorite brands. They didn't just become popular overnight. They built trust, they stood for something, and they made people feel a certain way. That's the power of marketing.And don't forget about digital marketing! It's like having a magic wand that can reach people all over the world. You can post on social media, run ads, and even target specific groups of people with your message. It's amazing how far technology has come and how it's changed the way we market things.In。
英语作文市场营销Marketing is all about connecting with your audience in the right way. It's about understanding their needs and wants, and finding creative ways to meet them. Whether it's through social media, email campaigns, or traditional advertising, the key is to engage with your customers on a personal level.In today's fast-paced world, consumers are bombardedwith messages from all directions. That's why it's so important to stand out from the crowd. You need to find a unique selling point that sets you apart from your competitors. Whether it's a catchy slogan, a memorable logo, or a quirky marketing campaign, you need to grab people's attention and make them remember you.Of course, marketing is not just about getting noticed– it's also about building relationships. You need tobuild trust with your customers, so they keep coming backfor more. This means delivering on your promises, providingexcellent customer service, and listening to feedback. By showing that you care about your customers, you can create loyal fans who will spread the word about your brand.In the digital age, data is king. By tracking and analyzing customer behavior, you can gain valuable insights into what works and what doesn't. This allows you to tailor your marketing efforts to better meet the needs of your audience. Whether it's through A/B testing, social media analytics, or customer surveys, data can help you make smarter decisions and drive better results.At the end of the day, marketing is all about telling a story. Whether it's through a compelling ad campaign, an engaging blog post, or a viral video, you need to create a narrative that resonates with your audience. By tappinginto emotions, values, and aspirations, you can create a connection that goes beyond just selling a product – you can create a brand that people love and trust.。
英语作文-教育培训出版物零售行业的市场营销策略Marketing Strategies in the Education, Training, and Publishing Retail Industry。
The education, training, and publishing retail industry is a dynamic sector that requires robust marketing strategies to thrive in today's competitive landscape. This article explores effective marketing approaches tailored to this niche market.Understanding the Target Audience。
First and foremost, successful marketing in this industry hinges on a deep understanding of the target audience. Educational products and services cater to diverse demographics, including students, parents, educators, and institutional buyers. Each segment has distinct needs, preferences, and purchasing behaviors that must be carefully researched and analyzed.Segmentation and Personalization。
Segmentation plays a crucial role in developing personalized marketing strategies. By dividing the market into segments based on factors such as age, educational level, and interests, retailers can tailor their messaging and offerings more effectively. Personalization further enhances customer engagement by delivering relevant content and recommendations that resonate with individual needs.Content Marketing and Thought Leadership。
市场营销英语的促销作文English:In today's highly competitive market, effective promotion is essential for businesses to stand out and attract customers. One popular promotion strategy is offering discounts and deals, such as buy one get one free or bundle discounts. This not only attracts price-sensitive customers but also encourages bulk purchases. Another effective promotion technique is using social media platforms to engage with customers and create buzz around a product or service. By running contests, giveaways, or even influencer partnerships, businesses can increase their online presence and reach a wider audience. Additionally, creating a sense of urgency through limited-time offers or flash sales can motivate customers to make a purchase quickly. Lastly, leveraging customer loyalty programs and personalized offers can help businesses retain existing customers and encourage repeat purchases. By providing exclusive deals and rewards to loyal customers, businesses can strengthen customer relationships and build brand loyalty.中文翻译:在如今竞争激烈的市场中,有效的促销对企业来说是至关重要的,因为它能够帮助企业脱颖而出,吸引顾客。
市场营销专业小英语作文As a marketing major, I am constantly learning about consumer behavior and market trends. It's fascinating to see how people's preferences and buying habits can change so quickly.One of the most important skills in marketing is the ability to communicate effectively. Whether it's writing a persuasive ad or giving a presentation, being able to clearly convey your message is crucial.In today's digital age, social media plays a huge role in marketing. It's amazing to see how companies can reach millions of potential customers with just a few cleverly crafted posts.Analyzing data is another key aspect of marketing. Being able to interpret sales figures and customer feedback can provide valuable insights into how to improve a product or service.Networking is also a big part of marketing. Building relationships with other professionals in the industry can lead to new opportunities and collaborations.Creativity is essential in marketing. Whether it's coming up with a new slogan or designing a memorable logo, being able to think outside the box is crucial in this field.Understanding the target audience is critical in marketing. Knowing who you are trying to reach and what appeals to them can make all the difference in the success of a campaign.。
Marketing Strategy1 Market Segmentation and Target StrategyA market consists of people or organizations with wants,money to spend,and the willingness to spend it.However,within most markets the buyer' needs are not identical.Therefore,a single marketing program starts with identifying the differences that exist within a market,a process called market segmentation, and deciding which segments will be pursued ads target markets.Marketing segmentation enables a company to make more efficient use of its marketing resources.Also,it allows a small company to compete effectively by concentrating on one or two segments.The apparent drawback of market segmentation is that it will result in higher production and marketing costs than a one-product,mass-market strategy.However, if the market is correctly segmented,the better fit with customers' needs will actually result in greater efficiency.The three alternative strategies for selecting a target market are market aggregation,single segment,and multiple segment.Market-aggregation strategy involves using one marketing mix to reach a mass,undifferentiated market.With a single-segment strategy, a company still uses only one marketing mix,but it is directed at only one segment of the total market.A multiple-segment strategy entails selecting two or more segments and developing a separate marketing mix to reach segment.2 Positioning the ProductManagement's ability to bring attention to a product and to differentiate it in a favorable way from similar products goes a long way toward determining that product's revenues.Thus management needs to engage in positioning,which means developing the image that a product projects in relation to competitive products and to the firm's other products.Marketing executives can choose from a variety of positioning strategies.Sometimes they decide to use more than one for a particular product.Here are several major positioning strategies:2.1 Positioning in Relation to a competitorFor some products,the best position is directly against the competition.This strategy is especially suitable for a firm that already has a solid differential advantage or is trying to solidify such an advantage.To fend off rival markers of microprocessors,Intel unched a campaign to convince buyers that its product is superior to competitors.The company even paid computer makers to include the slogan,"Intel Inside" in their ads.As the market leader,Coca-Cola introduces new products and executes its marketing strategies.At the same time,it keeps an eye on Pepsi-Cola,being sure to match any clever,effective marketing moves made by its primary competitor.2.2 Positioning in Relation to a Product Class or AttributeSometimes a company's positioning strategy entails associating its product with(or distancing it from)a product class or attributes.Some companies try to place their products in a desirable class,such as"Made in the USA."In the words of one consultant,"There is a strong emotional appeal when you say,'Made in the USA'".Thus a small sportswear manufacturer,Boston Preparatory Co.is using this positioning strategy to seek an edge over large competitors such as Calvin Klein and Tommy Hilfiger,which don't produce all of their products in the U.S.2.3 Positioning by Price and QualityCertain producer and retailers are known for their high-quality products and high prices.In the retailing field,Sake Fifth Avenue and Neiman Marcus are positioned at one end of the price-quality continuum.Discount stores such as Target and Kmart are at the other.We're not saying,however,that discounters ignore quality;rather, they stress low prices.Penney's tired—and for the most part succeeded in—repositioning its stores on the price-quality continuum by upgrading apparel lines and stressing designer names.The word brands is comprehensive;it encompasses other narrower terms.A brand is a name and/or mark intended to identify the product of one seller or group of sellers and differentiate the product from competing products.A brand name consists of words,letters,and/or numbers that can be vocalized.A brand mark is the part of the brand that appears in the form of a symbol, design,or distinctive color or lettering.A brand mark is recognized buy sight bu cannot be expressed when a person pronounces the brand name.Crest,Coors,and rider for Ralph Lauren's Polo Brand.Green Giant(canned and frozen vegetable products)and Arm&Hammer(baking soda)are both brandnames and brand marks.A trademark is a brand that has been adopted by a seller and given legal protection.A trademark includes not just the brand mark,as many people believe,but also the brand name.The Lanham Act of 1946 permits firms to register trademarks with the federal government to protect them from use or misuse by other companies.The Trademark Law Revision Act,which took effect in 1989,is tended to strengthen the the registration system to the benefit of U.S. Firms.For sellers,brands can be promoted.They are easily recognized when displayed in a store or included in advertising.Branding reduces price comparisons.Because brands are another factor that needs to be considered in comparing different products,branding reduces the likelihood of purchase decision based solely on price.The reputation of a brand also influences customer loyalty among buyers of services as well as customer goods.Finally,branding can differentiate commodities(Sunkist oranges,Morton salt,and Domino sugar,for example).3 PricingPricing is a dynamic process,Companies design a pricing structure that covers all their products.They change this structure over time and adjust it to account for different customers and situations.Pricing strategies usually change as a product passes through its life cycle.Marketers face important choice when they select new product pricing strategies.The company can decide on one of several price-quality strategies for introducing an imitative product.In pricing innovative products,it can practice market-skimming pricing by initially setting high prices to"skim"the maximum amount of revenue from various segments of the market.Or it can use market penetration pricing by setting a low initial price to win a large market share.Companies apply a variety of price-adjustment strategies to account for differences in consumer segments and situations.One is discount and allowance pricing,whereby the company decides on quantity,functional,or seasonal discounts,or varying types of allowances. A second strategy is segmented pricing, where the company sellers a product at two or more prices to allow for differences in customers, products, or locations. Sometimes companies consider more than economics in their pricing decisions,and use psychological pricing to communicate about the product's quality or value.In promotional pricing,companies temporarily sell their product bellow list price as a special-event to draw more customers,sometimes even selling below cost.With value pricing, the company offers just the night combination of quality and good service at a fair price. Another approach is geographical pricing, whereby the company decides how to price distant customers, choosing from alternative as FOB pricing,uniform delivered pricing, zone pricing, basing-point pricing, and freight-absorption pricing. Finally, internationalpricing means that the company adjusts its price to meet different world markets.4 Distribution ChannelsMost producers use intermediaries to bring their products to market.They try to forge a distribution channel—a set of interdependent organizations involved in the process of marking a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumers or business user.Why do producers give some of the selling job to intermediaries?After all,doing so means giving up some control over how and to whom the products are sold.The use of intermediaries results from their greater efficiency in marking goods available to target markets.Through their contacts, experience, specialization, and scales of operation,intermediaries usually offer the firm move value than it can achieve on its own efforts.A distribution channel moves goods from producers to customers.It overcomes the major time, place, and possession gaps that separate goods and services from those who would use them. Members of the marketing channel perform many functions. Some help to complete transactions:rmation.2.Promotion.3.Contact:finding and communicating with prospective buyers.4.Matching:fitting the offer to the buyer's needs, including such activities as manufacturing and packaging.5.Negotiation:reaching an agreement on price and other terms of the offer so that ownership or possession can be transferred.Other help to fulfill the completed transferred.1.Transporting and storing goods.2.Financing.3.Risk taking:assuming the risk of carrying out the channel work.The question is not whether these functions need to be performed, but rather who is to perform them. All the functions have three things in common:They use up scarce resource, they often can be performed better through specialization, and they can be shifted among channel members.To the extent that the manufacturer performs these functions, its costs go up and its prices have to be higher. At the same time, when some of these functions are shifted to intermediaries, the producer's costs and prices may be lower, but the intermediaries must charge more to cover the costs of their work. In dividing the work of the channel, the various functions should be assigned to the channel members who can perform them most efficiently and effectively to provide satisfactory assortments of goods to target consumers.Distribution channels can be described by the number of channel levels involved. Eachlayer of marketing intermediaries that performs some work in brining the product and its ownership closer to the final buyer is a channel level. Because the producer and the final consumer both perform some work, they are part of every channel.When selecting intermediaries, the company should determine what characteristics distinguish the better ones. It will want to evaluate the the channel member's years in business, other lines carried, growth and profit record, co-operativeness, and reputation. If the intermediaries are sales agents, the company will want to evaluate the number and character of the other lines carried, and the size and quality of the sales force. If the intermediary is a retail store that wants exclusive or selective distribution, the company will want to evaluate the store's customers, location, and future growth potential.Understanding the nature of distribution channels is important, as choosing among distribution channels is one of the most challenging decisions facing the firm. Marketing intermediaries are used because they provide greater efficiency in marking goods available to target markets. The key distribution channel function is moving goods from producers to consumers by helping to complete transactions and fulfill the completed transaction. Distribution channels can be described by the number of channel levels, which can include no intermediaries in a direct channel, or one to several intermediaries in indirect channels.5 PromotionPromotion is one of the four major elements of the company's marketing mix. The main promotion tools——advertising, sales promotion, public relations, and personal selling——work together to achieve the company's communications objectives.People at all levels of the organization must be aware of the many legal and ethical issues surrounding marketing communications. Much work is required to produce socially responsible marketing communicating in advertising, personal selling, and direct selling. Companies must work hard and proactively at communicating openly, honestly, and agreeably with their customers and resellers.市场营销策略1 市场细分和目标市场策略具有需求,具有购买能力并愿意花销的个体或组织构成了市场。
市场营销毕业论文英文附录Appendix: Marketing Research Survey QuestionnaireIntroduction:Thank you for participating in this marketing research survey. Your valuable input will contribute to the analysis and findings of my graduation thesis on market marketing. This appendix presents the questionnaire used to collect data for the research. Please take some time to answer the questions honestly and to the best of your knowledge.Section 1: Demographic Information1. Gender:- Male- Female2. Age:- Under 18- 18-24- 25-34- 35-44- 45-54- 55 and above3. Educational Background:- High School- Bachelor's Degree- Master's Degree- Ph.D.4. Employment Status:- Employed (Full-time)- Employed (Part-time)- Self-employed- Unemployed- Student- RetiredSection 2: Consumer Behavior5. How often do you purchase products online?- Rarely- Occasionally- Frequently- Very frequently6. What factors influence your purchase decision? (Multiple choices allowed) - Price- Quality- Brand reputation- Product reviews- Convenience- Promotions and discounts- Social media influence- Personal recommendations7. Have you ever made a purchase based on a social media advertisement? - Yes- No8. How likely are you to recommend a product or service to others?- Very likely- Likely- Neutral- Unlikely- Very unlikelySection 3: Brand Perception9. Which brands do you consider as high-quality and reliable? (Open-ended question)10. How important is brand reputation when making a purchase decision?- Extremely important- Important- Neutral- Not important- Not at all important11. Have you ever switched to a different brand due to a negative experience with a product or service?- Yes- No12. How likely are you to try a new brand or product?- Very likely- Likely- Neutral- Unlikely- Very unlikelySection 4: Advertising and Promotion13. Which type of advertising do you find most effective? (Multiple choices allowed)- TV commercials- Online banners- Social media ads- Print ads (newspapers, magazines)- Outdoor billboards- Influencer marketing14. How often do you engage with brands on social media platforms?- Rarely- Occasionally- Frequently- Very frequently15. Have you ever made a purchase due to a promotional offer or discount? - Yes- No16. How likely are you to participate in contests or giveaways organized by brands?- Very likely- Likely- Neutral- Unlikely- Very unlikelySection 5: Future Trends17. Do you believe personalized marketing experiences will become more prevalent in the future?- Yes- No18. How comfortable are you with brands using your personal data to personalize marketing messages?- Very comfortable- Comfortable- Neutral- Uncomfortable- Very uncomfortable19. Are you familiar with the concept of influencer marketing?- Yes- No20. Do you think influencer marketing is an effective strategy for brands?- Yes- NoConclusion:Thank you for completing the questionnaire. Your responses will be treated with utmost confidentiality and will only be used for academic purposes. The data collected will provide valuable insights into consumer behavior and brand perception, contributing to the findings of my graduation thesis on market marketing. Once again, your participation is highly appreciated.。
英语作文-文化产业园区管理行业的市场营销策略The management of cultural industry parks involves intricate strategies for effective marketing. These parks serve as crucial hubs where cultural and creative enterprises converge, requiring specialized approaches to maximize their potential.Firstly, understanding the unique nature of cultural industry parks is essential. Unlike conventional business parks, these areas foster creativity, innovation, and collaboration among diverse cultural entities. Therefore, marketing strategies must emphasize the park's role in nurturing talent, supporting creativity, and facilitating cultural exchange. Highlighting success stories of resident enterprises can effectively demonstrate the park's value proposition to potential stakeholders.Secondly, branding plays a pivotal role in distinguishing a cultural industry park. Developing a compelling brand identity that resonates with the ethos of creativity and cultural richness is imperative. This involves creating a distinct visual identity, including logos and designs that reflect the park's cultural significance. Consistency in branding across all communication channels reinforces the park's unique positioning in the market.Moreover, strategic partnerships are instrumental in enhancing the park's visibility and influence within the cultural sector. Collaborating with educational institutions, cultural organizations, and government bodies can facilitate knowledge sharing, resource pooling, and joint initiatives. These partnerships not only broaden the park's reach but also attract a diverse range of stakeholders who contribute to its vibrancy and sustainability.Furthermore, leveraging digital platforms is crucial in today's interconnected world.A robust online presence through websites, social media, and digital marketing campaigns enhances visibility and engagement. Content marketing strategies such as blogs, articles, and videos can showcase the park's events, initiatives, and success stories, attracting both local and international audiences.Additionally, events and exhibitions serve as powerful tools for promoting a cultural industry park. Hosting cultural festivals, art exhibitions, workshops, and conferences not only enriches the cultural landscape but also attracts visitors, investors, and potential tenants. These events create opportunities for networking, collaboration, and showcasing the park's cultural assets.Effective communication is another cornerstone of successful marketing in cultural industry parks. Clear and compelling messaging tailored to different target audiences—such as entrepreneurs, investors, artists, and policymakers—helps convey the park's mission, values, and achievements. Utilizing public relations strategies to garner media coverage and positive publicity further enhances the park's reputation and credibility.Moreover, providing supportive infrastructure and services is essential for attracting and retaining tenants. Facilities such as state-of-the-art studios, co-working spaces, exhibition halls, and cultural amenities contribute to a conducive environment for creativity and innovation. Tailoring these offerings to meet the specific needs of cultural enterprises enhances their satisfaction and loyalty to the park.In conclusion, effective marketing strategies for cultural industry parks require a comprehensive approach that integrates branding, partnerships, digital presence, events, communication, and supportive infrastructure. By emphasizing creativity, cultural richness, and collaborative opportunities, these strategies can elevate the profile of cultural industry parks, attracting a diverse ecosystem of stakeholders and fostering sustainable growth in the cultural sector.。
天津外国语大学国际商学院 本科生课程论文(设计) 题 目: The components of marketing management 姓 名: 张瑞桐 学 号: 专 业: 旅游管理 年 级: 2013级 班 级: 13715 任课教师: 潘康宇
20 15 年 5 月 Content?summary Every marketing program contains four key components: products and services, promotion, pricing and distribution. Based?on?this?classification?is?divided into?two?parts,?the?first?part?will review?the?marketing,?the?second?part?was?split into?four?parts, respectively, an?in-depth?analysis?of?the?four?elements. Key words:Marketing program;key components;?Analysis The components of marketing management 一、marketing concept Sales management refers to the achievement of corporate or organizational goals, establishing and maintaining mutually beneficial exchange with the target market, and design projects in the analysis, planning, implementation and control. The essence of marketing management, demand management, that is, on the level, timing, and nature of demand for effective mediation. Marketing management practice, companies often need to preset a desired level of market demand, however, the actual level of market demand and the expected level of demand is not the same. This requires marketing managers for different needs, different management strategies and effectively to market requirements to ensure the achievement of business objectives.
二、the key components (一)products and services Product?is?an?important?component?of?market.?Marketers?define?a?product?as?a?bundle?of?physical,?service?and?symbolic?attributes?designed?to?satisfy?customer’s?wants?and?needs.?While?goods?are?tangible?products?that?customers?can?see,?hear,?smell?and?taste?or?touch.?Mostserviceproviderscannottransportorstoretheirproducts,customers?simultaneously?buy?and?consume?consume?products?like?haircut,?car?repair?and?visit?to?a?dentist.?Services?are?intangible?tasks?that?satisfy?the?needs?of?customers.?One?way?to?distinguish?service?and?goodsistheservice-goodscontinuumthatcanhelpmarketerstovisualizethe?differences?and?similarities?between?goods?and?services.?Besides,thereareseveralcharacteristicsthatdistinguishgoodsfromservices:?tangibility,?Inseparability,?Perishability,?Difficulty?of?standardization,?Frequent?requirement?of?interaction?between?buyer?and?Seller,?Variability.
(二)promotion Promotion is also defined as one of five pieces in the promotional mix or promotional plan. These are personal selling, advertising, sales promotion, direct marketing, and publicity. A promotional mix specifies how much attention to pay to each of the five factors, and how much money to budget for each. Because?of?the?development?of?science?and?technology,?people?are?getting?more?and?more?ways?to?communicate.?It?provides?a?great?platform?for?selling?produces?or?services.?People?know?sell-?things’information?through?some?ways,?such?as?internet,?phone?calling,?advertising,?following?up?a?letter?with?a?visit,?setting?up?shops?and?so?on.
(三)pricing Pricing is a science, strategy and tactics of pricing requires certain, from pricing objective, pricing means to achieve marketing objectives. Pricing is not only a science, and the need for a set of strategies and tactics. Pricing methods focus on the product's base price, pricing tips and strategies focus on the specific circumstances of the market, starting from the pricing objectives, using price means, to adapt them to the different situations of the market and achieve marketing goals. Product pricing is an important element of marketing mix strategy, from wave after wave of price wars of recent years can be seen in the enterprise, the consumer's attention and concern of it. Under the conditions of market economy, the prices of most products have been liberalized, but the price is not a casual working, it must take into account the competitive environment, product cost, the impact of such factors as supply and demand and pricing objectives. In fact, pricing is a result of these factors. There are three basic methods of pricing: cost-oriented pricing, demand-oriented and competitive pricing. Different enterprises shall, as the case may determine which method you take and what kind of calculation type.
(四)distribution Design refers to the establishment of distribution channels distribution channels that have never existed or to change the already existing channels of marketing activities. Design channels typically include analysis services output level, determine goals, defining channel structure and evaluation of main channel programmes in four aspects. Distribution channel constituted by the five processes, namely ownership entity processes, processes, payment processes, information flow and the promotion process. Entity process refers to the entity transfer of raw materials and finished products from the manufacturer to the end customer processes. Process refers to the ownership title to the goods from a marketing agency to another marketing agency of the transfer process. Payment process refers to the purchase price in the flow of the intermediary in the marketing process. Information flow refers to the marketing channels, the intermediary in the marketing process to pass information to each other. Promotion process is defined by using a flat advertising, personal selling, public relations, promotions and other activities exert influence over another unit in the process.