let的现在分词、过去式和三单形式

动词的第三人称单数及发音规则：1.一般直接在此为加-s，-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/, ds读/dz/, ts读/ts 如help -helps/s/ know -knows/z/ get -gets/s/ read -reads/z/2.以字母s, x, ch, sh或有些以o 结尾的动词加-es，-es 读/iz/, 如guess -guesses fix -fixes teach -teaches wash -washes注意：go goes/z/ do does /z/3.辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es，-ies读/iz/carry -carries fly -flies study -studies注意：在play---plays，say----says中，字母y前为元音字母，第三人称单数形式直接在动词后加-s4.be动词的第三人称单数分别为am, is, are, have则为has注意：以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是/s/,/z/,加-s后，字母”e”发音，与所加-s 一起读作/iz/,如close closes/iz/动词的ing变化规则：1.一般情况直接加ing，如look—looking go---going visit---visiting2.以不发音的e结尾的，去e再加ing，如come---coming make---making write---writing3.以重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母的，双写该辅音字母，再加ing，如run---running stop---stopping get---getting swim---swimming begin---beginning4.以辅音字母加y结尾的，直接加ing，如study---studying carry---carrying fly---flying cry---crying5.以ie结尾的重度开音节动词，先变ie为y，再加ing，如die---dying tie---tying lie---lying动词的过去式变化规则：1.规则变化（1）一般直接在动词后加ed，-ed在清辅音后读/t/, 在浊辅音及元音后读/d,/-ed在/t//d/后读/id/,如call---called open---opened look---looked want---wanted /id/ need---needed /id/（2）以不发音的“e”结尾的，直接加-d ，如live---lived move---moved hope---hoped（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-ed，（注意：如果是元音字母加y结尾的，还是直接加-ed，如，play---played，enjoy---enjoyed）如study---studied cry---cried try---tried（4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed，如plan---planned fit---fitted stop---stopped2.不规则变化（要特俗记忆），以下是一些常见的动词的过去式am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got,另附清辅音与浊辅音：清辅音：[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [ts] [t∫] [tr] [h]浊辅音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [δ] [з] [dz] [dз] [dr] [r]音节分为开音节和闭音节1.开音节又分为相对开音节和绝对开音节（1）相对开音节：“以一个元音字母+一个辅音字母（r除外）+不发音的e”结尾的叫相对开音节。

词尾变化规则总表：名复单三现形过词尾情况名(词)复（数) 单三现(分) 形(副等级) 过(式，分) 一般+s +s +ing +er, est +eds,x,sh,ch +es +es 同上同上同上e +s +s 哑e 去,+ing +r, st +d单元音+1个辅音ⅹⅹ双写词尾+ing 双写词尾+er, est 双写词尾+ed 辅+y y—i,+es y---i,+es ⅹy---i,+er(est) y---i,+edmore, most +…..名复单三不双写现分没有y变i 形过变化样样有词尾变化规则总表：名复单三现形过词尾情况名(词)复（数) 单三现(分) 形(副等级) 过(式，分)1、一般+scat month ticket KoreanAmerican Australian IndianRussian Canadian ItalianGerman JewEuropean human boymonkey day way keyphoto piano radio zookilo mango(少用)+sopenlistencleanplaystaysay+inggo study seeopen fix openlisten cleansneeze (打喷嚏)see+er, esthard quick cold clever new narrow sourround smart loud mean stupid wild dullquiet black warm sick bright cool nearweak bald young straight tall short longcalm deep cheap strong high slow darkgreat blind dumb deaf full poor real fewgray polite(少用) often(2)+edplay help open stay fix cleanlisten finish borrow join returnpour perform rain work checkwait pick laugh mix end fear callhappen fail fold answer returnlook talk plant annoy knockreview hang(绞死)2、 e e +s e +shopecome哑e 去,+inglive come writetake havee +r, stfine free close nice able white blondesore true large safe handsome lame truesure cute(2种)e +dskate love like dance changepractice close die live receiveretire advice argue hate smileexchange smoke agree lie (说谎)sneeze打喷嚏3、单元音+ 1个辅音名复单三不双写双写词尾+ingsit begin shoprun forget planhit put set clapstar主演hiccup打嗝双写词尾+er, estred big hot thin fat sad slim flat mad双写词尾+edstop plan fit drop shop chat（聊天）trip（绊倒）kid （欺骗）star 主演hiccup打嗝4、辅+y,y—i y—i,+escity factory country babyfamily library dictionaryy---i,+escarrystudy现分没有y变i y---i,+er(est)easy happy healthy early busy ugly curlyfunny scary pretty angry cloudy sunnyrainy windy lovely friendly unfriendlyunhappy unlucky furry tiny guilty greedyheavy moody lively thirsty lazy hungrysorry empty crazy silly pushy luckyshy(2种)y---i,+edstudy cry marry carry worry5、s,x,sh,ch,o+esglass box watch dishwish busnegro hero potatotomato mango+escatchwatchfixbrushgo do名词变复数不规则变化f,fe---v+es thief—thieves （小偷）self—selves（自己）leaf—leaves(叶子) life---lives （命）half---halves；（一半）wife---wives （妻子）shelf—shelves（架）knife---knives（刀）wolf—wolves（狼）roof—roofs（屋顶）chef—chefs(厨师) scarf—scarfs,scarves( 围巾) 词形不变Chinese Japanese sheep deer Swiss 中日羊鹿瑞士人变成e man---men Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen foot---feet tooth---teeth只有复数clothes pants trousers shorts scissors (剪刀)compasses (圆规) glasses(眼镜)形复实单news maths politics physics形单实复cattle people police 谓语用复数特殊变化child---children mouse--mice合成名词只变一词boy student---boy students night school---night schools pencil sharpener-- sharpeners 两词都变woman doctor---women doctors man singer---men singers动词的现在分词形式不规则变化词尾情况规则例词ie ie----y,+ing die tie lie 形容词、副词的比较级、最高级形式不规则变化不规则变化多数多音节词more,most+原级useful famous quickly beautiful creative serious outgoing amazing awful exciting excited interested famous intelligentexpensive inexpensive tired honest wonderful interesting fantastic sadly beautifully delicious slowly open difficult carefullybeautifully deeply careless active athletic original foolish wrong right casual casually nervous unusual usual modest naturalpleased realistic popular loving inexpensive comfortable convenient crowded truly exhausted embarrassed convincing carelesscareful carefully enormous completely particularly quickly quietly aggressive specifically disappointed disgusted successfulsuitable educational gradually unpleasant pleasant polite(2种) common(2种)原级比较级最高级词义good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther farthest 距离further furthest 程度late later latest 时间latter last 顺序old older oldest 年龄关系elder eldest 兄弟姐妹关系GO FOR IT PT PPmeaning root form pt pp meaning root form pt pp让允许let let let 喂feed fed fed阅读read read read 遇见meet met met放置put put put 感觉feel felt felt花费cost cost cost 嗅，发出smell smelt smelt打hit hit hit 拼写spell spelt spelt砍切割cut cut cut 损坏，宠坏spoil spoilt spoilt伤害弄伤hurt hurt hurt 发现，找到 find found found撒抛投cast cast cast 举着，握着hold held held关闭 shut shut shut 听见hear heard heard沉入安置set set set 有，吃have/has had had传播展开spread spread spread 丢失，失去lose lost lost使阴暗overcast overcast overcast 离开，留下leave left left广播broadcast broadcast broadcast 制造，使得make made made预测forecast forecast forecast 射击射伤shoot shot shot爆炸burst burst burst 照耀发光shine shone shone捕捉赶上catch caught caught 坐sit sat sat教书教学teach taught taught 临时照顾babysit babysat babysat 想认为think thought thought 吐，吐唾液spit spat spat买buy bought bought 打赢，获胜win won won搜寻追求seek sought sought 出血bleed bled bled打架打仗fight fought fought 逃跑flee fled fled带来bring brought brought 改建rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 扫sweep swept swept 睡过头oversleep overslept overslept 哭泣流泪weep wept wept 挖dig dug dug保持keep kept kept 撒谎lie lied lied睡觉sleep slept slept 放置下蛋lay laid laid梦到，做梦dream dreamt dreamt 躺lie lay lain学习，学会learn learnt learnt 敲打，振翅beat beat beaten 燃烧burn burnt burnt 编织weave wove woven 建设build built built 上升，升起rise rose risen弯曲,弯腰bend bent bent 发生，呈现arise arose arisen花费,度过spend spent spent 驱使驱赶drive drove driven 发送,派遣send sent sent 拿走，带走take took taken付钱pay paid paid 误认为mistake mistook mistaken 说say said said 摇动挥动shake shook shaken 站立stand stood stood 刮风，吹blow blew blown明白understand understood understood 生长，种植grow grew grown 误解misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood 知道，了解know knew known 卖sell sold sold 画，拖，拉draw drew drawn给give gave given 投掷抛throw threw thrown 原谅forgive forgave forgiven 飞行fly flew flown告诉tell told told 展示show showed shown 处置，对付deal dealt dealt 看见，看望see saw seen7下不规则动词的过去式汉语1 A-A 必让放读花打砍伤2 –ew 画长知扔示飞3-ought 想来买4-aught 教抓5 –o- 断忘说动词原形1 A--Amustletputreadcosthitcuthurt2 –ewdrawgrowknowthrowshowfly3 –oughtthinkbringbuy4 –-aughtteachcatch5 -o--breakforgetspeak过去式1 A—Amustletputread[♏]costhitcuthurt2 –ew[◆:]drewgrewknewthrewshowedflew3 –ought[ :]thoughtbroughtbought4-aught[[ :]taughtcaught5 –o—[☯☺]brokeforgotspoke写拿卖诉弄骑开站懂6 –e—留见意睡离握扫感落喂7 –-a--始喝跑唱游给坐writetakeselltellgetridedrivestandunderstand6–e—keepmeetmeansleepleaveholdsweepfeelfallfeed7 –-a--begindrinkrunsingswimgivesitwrotetooksoldtoldgotrodedrovestoodunderstood6 –e—[♏]keptmetmeantsleptleftheldsweptfeltfellfed7 –-a--[✌]begandrankransangswamgave[♏✋]sat8 be动词是是是9 助动词可能将将做做10----t花建丢11其他来去生有有看听说吃找花躺8 be动词amisare9 助动词maycanwillshalldodoes10----tspendbuildlose11其他comegobearhavehasseehearsayeatfindpaylie8 be动词waswaswere9 助动词mightcouldwouldshoulddiddid10----tspentbuiltlost[ ]11其他camewentbore [ :]hadhadsawheardsaidatefound[ ☺]paidlay GO FOR IT PT PP （八下常用）meaning root form pt pp meaning root form pt pp让允许let let let 到达get got got阅读read read read 绞死hang hanged hanged 放置put put put 悬挂hang hung hung 花费cost cost cost 照亮light lit lit打hit hit hit 撒谎lie lied lied砍切割cut cut cut 躺lie lay lain伤害弄伤hurt hurt hurt 下蛋lay laid laid沉入安置set set set 敲打beat beat beaten 关闭 shut shut shut 来come came come 抓catch caught caught 成为become became become 教teach taught taught 跑run ran run认为think thought thought 给give gave given 买buy bought bought 驾驶drive drove driven 打架fight fought fought 拿走take took taken规则与不规则的动词过去式、过去分词（八下常用）leave lie(说谎) like make lie mistake sit lay shake become beat berun come let give swim read hurt put love set blow cost shut drive hit grow take cut know catch fall think teach eat buy die get。

名词变复数、动词三单形式现在分词过去分词过去式变化及形容词副词级别变化名词变复数名词变复数的规则变化1．⼀般名词复数是在名词后⾯加上“s”，如map→maps，bag→bags等；2．以s，sh，ch，x等结尾的词加“es”，如bus→buses，watch→watches等；3．以辅⾳字母＋y结尾的词，变y为“i”加“es”，如baby→babies等；以元⾳字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加“s”变复数，如monkey→monkeys，holiday→holidays；4．以o 结尾的名词变复数时：a）⽆⽣命的加“s”，名词有：photo→photos，piano→pianos，radio→radios，zoo→zoos b）有⽣命的加“es”，名词有：potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes；5．以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：a）加“s”的名词有：belief→beliefs，roof→roofs，safe→safes，gulf→gulfsb）去掉f，fe加“ves”的名词有：half→halves knife→knives，leaf→leaves，wolf→wolves，wife→wives，life→lives，thief→thieves；名词变复数的不规则变化1）child→children，foot→feet，tooth→teeth，mouse→mice，man→men，woman→women （注意：由⼀个词加man 或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。

但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。

）.2）单复同形，如:deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese.3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

过去式、过去分词不规则变化：burst burst burst hurt hurt hurt let let letcast cast cast cost cost cost cut cut cuthit hit hitput put putset set set shut shut shut spread spread spread read read readbeat beat beaten become became become run ran runcome came comebring brought brought buy bought boughtbuild built built Burn burnt burnt catch caught caught dig dug dugfeel felt feltfight fought fought find found found hear heard heardhold held heldkeep kept keptlay laid laid lead led ledlose lost lost make made made meet met metsell sold sold shoot shot shotsit sat sat stand stood stood sweep swept sweptteach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won won Begin began begun blow blew blown break broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove driven drink drank drunkfly flew flown forgive forgave forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave given grow grew grownknow knew known ride rode ridden rise rose risen ring rang rung shake shook shaken sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown write wrote written。

动词第三人称单数的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加-s ，如drinks ； looks2．以s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾，加-es ；如 kisses ；fixes ；washes ； watches ；goes 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y 为i, 再加-es ；studies ；copies 注意：元音字母+y 结尾直接加s ：stays ；动词现在分词变化规则1. 一般情况下直接加ing ，如：thinking ；sleeping ；studying2. 以不发音的字母e 结尾的单词，去掉e ，再加ing ，如：waking ；making ；coming3. 以重读闭音节结尾，“辅+元+辅”结构，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing ，如：stopping ；sitting ；running4. 以ie 结尾的动词，把ie 改为y ，再加ing ，如：lie-lying动词过去式和过去分词变化规则分类一、AAA 型（原形→原形→原形） 原形do 过去式did 过去分词done汉语意思单三形式 现在分词 read read read 读 cut cut cut 切，割 let let let 让 put put put 放 cost cost cost 花费，值 hit hit hit 撞，击 set set set 安排，安置hurt hurt hurt 使…伤痛二、ABA 型（原形→过去式→原形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 单三形式 现在分词 become became become 成为 come came come 来 run ran run 跑三、ABC 型1. ow →ew →own 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 单三形式 现在分词blow blew blown 吹 draw drew drawn 画 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞2. i →a →ubegin began begun 开始drink drank drunk 喝sing sang sung 唱swim swam swum 游泳ring rang rung 打电话3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n原形过去式过去分词汉语意思单三形式现在分词wear wore worn 穿forget forgot forgotten 忘记speak spoke spoken 说freeze froze frozen 冻choose chose chosen 选择4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n原形过去式过去分词汉语意思单三形式现在分词eat ate eaten 吃forbid forbade forbidden 禁止give gave given 给ride rode ridden 骑see saw seen 看见write wrote written 写fall fell fallen 落下5. 无规律原形过去式过去分词汉语意思单三形式现在分词Am/is was been 是are were been 是Do did done 做Go went gone 走take took taken 拿四、ABB型1. 原形→ought →ought原形过去式过去分词汉语意思单三形式现在分词bring brought brought 带来buy bought bought 买fight fought fought 打架think thought thought 思考2. 原形→aught →aught原形过去式过去分词汉语意思单三形式现在分词catch caught caught 捉,抓teach taught taught 教3. 变其中一个元音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思单三形式现在分词feed fed fed 喂meet met met 遇见get got got 得到hold held held 拥有sit sat sat 坐win won won 赢find found found 发现4. 原形→□lt→□lt原形过去式过去分词汉语意思单三形式现在分词feel felt felt 感到keep kept kept 保持leave left left 离开sleep slept slept 睡sweep swept swept 扫5. 变其中一个辅音字母build built built 建造 hear heard heard 听见 make made made 制造 mean meant meant 意思 send sent sent 送,寄 spend spent spent 花费 deal dealt dealt 处理 6.辅音字母和元音字母都变 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 单三形式 现在分词 have had had 有,吃 lay lain lain 放 lose lost lost 丢失 pay paid paid 付钱 say said said 说 sell sold sold 卖 tell told told 告诉 stand stood stood 站五、AAB 型 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思 单三形式 现在分词 beat beat beaten 打败六、有两种形式 原形 过去式 过去分词 汉语意思单三形式 现在分词bear bore born 生 bore borne hang hanged hanged 吊死hung hung 挂learn learned learned 学 learnt learnt lie lied lied 说谎 lay lain 躺 show showed showed 给…看 showed shown spell spelled spelled 拼写 spelt spelt burn burned burned 烧 burnt burnt smell smelled smelled 闻 smelt smelt shine shined shined 照耀 shone shonedream dreamed dreamed 做梦 dreamt dreamt wake waked waked 醒 woke woken hide hid hid 躲藏 hid hidden。

外研版〔三起点〕五年级下学期复习重点第一模块一、重点单词：life生活 different不同的 ago以前 any任何，一些 television电视机field田地us我们〔宾格〕 grandchildren〔外〕孙子〔女〕 radio收音机 fire炉火grandmother〔外〕祖母 lady女士，夫人 telephone hope希望二、重点短语及知识点：in China在中国 many years ago许多年前 enough food充足的食物 lots of许多watch TV看电视 have got有，拥有 every day每天 four years ago四年前a television programme一个电视节目 last night昨晚 talk about讨论on a(the) fire在火上 in the fields在地里 a small(big) house一栋小〔大〕房子过去式：is——was are——were live——lived否认形式：were——weren’t did——didn’t现在分词：change——changing e——ing复数形式：bus——buses三、重点句型:1.We lived in a small house.我们住在一间小房子里。

2．It’s a programme about China.它是一个关于中国的节目。

3. Life was very different in China many years ago.许多年前中国的生活完全不同。

4. There arelots of buses and cars.有许多公交车和小汽车。

5.We live in a big house.我们住在一间大房子里。

6.Yesterday I watched TV with my grandchildren.昨天我和孙子们一起看电视了。

动词词形变化一览表：
注意：①在加ing或ed时动词如果以“r”结尾,尾音节又重读的动词,“r”应双写。

②s/es的读音规则：在清辅音后读[s]；在浊辅音后和元音后读[z]；在[ s ]、
[z]后读[iz].
③ed的读音规则：在清辅音后读[t]；在浊辅音后和元音后读[d]；在[t]、[d]后读[id].
be(“是/存在”)动词的各种时态变化：
注意：句型变化时,
否定句在am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 后面加not,而且not都可以缩写为n’t
(am后面not不可以缩写)；
疑问句将am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 提前到句首。

其它谓语动词(主动语态)的时态变化一览表：
不规则动词变化表：
( 原形→过去式→过去分词) ( 原形→过去式→过去分词) ( 原形→过去式→过去分词)。

外研版（三起点）五年级下学期复习重点第一模块一、重点单词：life生活different不同的ago以前any任何，一些television电视机field田地us我们（宾格）grandchildren（外）孙子（女）radio收音机fire炉火grandmother（外）祖母lady女士，夫人telephone电话hope希望二、重点短语及知识点：in China在中国many years ago许多年前enough food充足的食物lots of许多watch TV看电视have got有，拥有every day每天four years ago四年前a television programme一个电视节目last night昨晚talk about讨论%on a(the) fire在火上in the fields在地里 a small(big) house一栋小（大）房子过去式：is——was are——were live——lived否定形式：were——weren’t did——didn’t现在分词：change——changing come——coming复数形式：bus——buses三、重点句型:1.We lived in a small house.我们住在一间小房子里。

2．It’s a programme about China.它是一个关于中国的节目。

3. Life was very different in China many years ago.许多年前中国的生活完全不同。

4. There are lots of buses and cars.有许多公交车和小汽车。

￥live in a big house.我们住在一间大房子里。

I watched TV with my grandchildren.昨天我和孙子们一起看电视了。

7. Thank you for talking to us.谢谢您和我们谈话。

动词的三种变化规则1、第三人称单数一般现在时形（a)原形动词词尾+“-s”：help(帮助）→helpscome（来）→comes(b）原形动词词尾“ch，sh，o，s，x”+“—es"：teach(教）→teacheswash(洗）→washesgo（去)→goeskiss（吻)→kiss esfix(安装）→fixes（c）原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y"时，去“y"后加“—ies”,若是“元音字母+y"，只加“—s”:study（学习)→studiesplay（游戏)→plays注：本项规则的“第三人称单数”是指句子的主语.例如：I go to school on a bicycle every day 。

You go to school on a bicycle every day.She goes to school on a bicycle every day。

2、现在分词（也称“—ing"形）（a）原形动词词尾+“-ing”。

spe ak→speaking(说)study→studying（学习）go→going（去）(b)原形动词词尾为“—e”时,去“—e"后+“-ing”。

live→living（住）make→making(制造）(c）原形动词词尾为“-ie”时，先把“—ie”改为“-y”后+“-ing”.lie→lying(卧，躺)die→dying(死）(d)原形动词词尾为“短元音+辅音字母”时，先双写词尾辅音字母后再+“—ing".plan→planning（计划）kid→kidding（开玩笑）get→getting(得到）stop→stopping（停止）put→putting（放置)shut→shutting（关闭）注:双音节动词若其词尾的词形如本项的情形，但重音落在第一音节者直接加“—ing”，若是重音落在第二音节者则依本项规则加“—ing”。